CN110445183A - Photovoltaic converter autonomous mode method for handover control in micro-grid system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic converter autonomous mode method for handover control in micro-grid system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110445183A CN110445183A CN201910856300.2A CN201910856300A CN110445183A CN 110445183 A CN110445183 A CN 110445183A CN 201910856300 A CN201910856300 A CN 201910856300A CN 110445183 A CN110445183 A CN 110445183A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
Photovoltaic converter autonomous mode method for handover control in photovoltaic power generation control technology field of the present invention more particularly to a kind of micro-grid system, comprising: step 1: the DC bus-bar voltage of photovoltaic converter is monitored；Step 2: when photovoltaic converter executes MPPT algorithm to bus voltage value when within rated value；Step 3: when bus voltage value is more than first voltage threshold value, photovoltaic converter switchs to execute reversed disturbance observation method to limit power；Step 4: when bus voltage value is more than second voltage threshold value, photovoltaic converter controls power using disturbance step-length is changed.If the step 2 includes: that photovoltaic power increment is positive, and voltage increment is positive, then continues positive direction disturbance voltage, if voltage increment is negative, opposite direction disturbance voltage；If power increment is negative, and voltage increment is positive, then reversed disturbance voltage, if voltage increment is negative, positive disturbance voltage.
Description
Technical field
Photovoltaic converter autonomous mode is cut in photovoltaic power generation control technology field of the present invention more particularly to a kind of micro-grid system
Change control method.
Background technique
In recent years, the intelligent micro-grid based on multiple transformer, different transform grade multipotency integrated system cause more and more
Research interest, photovoltaic obtain the energy as cleaning and easily, and shared ratio is higher and higher in similar system.This also results in use
The variation of family side power grid form, by traditional passive consumption type to being provided simultaneously with consumption and generating ability, operating mode are various
The features transition such as change.
In the multifunctional system of isolated island microgrid or power limit, in certain operating conditions, DC bus or ac bus
(realizing support by energy storage and power grid respectively) does not have enough energy absorption abilities, and superfluous photovoltaic electric energy will cause voltage
Raising cause system overvoltage to be protected.A kind of method for solving above-mentioned problem is to change photovoltaic converter work according to the requirement of system
Operation mode, i.e., when MPPT is run using the traditional algorithms such as open-circuit voltage, disturbance observation, conductance increment realize maximum power with
Track, when reaching converter limit value due to city's electrical anomaly or power, when DC bus or ac bus do not have enough enabling capabilities
The output voltage for switching to control photovoltaic converter is to realize voltage stabilization.Under both of which, for photovoltaic DC-DC converter, by
Control amount is the input voltage and output voltage of converter respectively, and control object transmission function is not identical, therefore is cut in mode
The reset of control loop and PI parameter is needed when changing, i.e. control structure reconfigures.This is also in Most current application
The method of use, but on the one hand this method needs to change the PI parameter of controller in switching to adapt to different control mesh
Mark；On the other hand smooth in order to make to switch, it is also necessary to come just in the output of two more than moment one control structures of PI loops switching
The integral output element of another PI of beginningization；In addition, bus detection disturbs or occurs when working near test point in order to prevent
System model oscillation, it usually needs using window comparator come supplemental threshold detect, window voltage is too small not to can guarantee mode
Judgment accuracy may toggle between both of which, will influence if window voltage setting is excessive and to a certain extent
The dynamic response of system, each of which increases control difficulty.
Currently there is the input power for directly adjusting converter in a small amount of application by the way of modifying MPPT algorithm, thus
It keeps control loop structure constant, and can adjust and limit the output power of photovoltaic converter.However this needs energy management
System or upper controller send reference power value, and the timeliness and robustness of communication are relied on during coordinated control, is brought
The rising and reliability decrease of cost.In addition, existing modification MPPT algorithm is realized in the method for power limit, it is reversed to disturb
With forward direction disturbance frequency, step-length generally remain it is consistent, this power adjustment compared with slowly enter constrained state using in can
Compared with good berth, but if being load transient switching in grid-connection converter catastrophic failure or off-grid system, and energy-storage battery completely fills or
When capacity ratio is smaller, conventional method application is subject to certain restrictions.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, the invention proposes photovoltaic converter autonomous mode switching controls in a kind of micro-grid system
Method, comprising:
Step 1: the DC bus-bar voltage of photovoltaic converter is monitored；
Step 2: when photovoltaic converter executes MPPT algorithm to bus voltage value when within rated value；
Step 3: when bus voltage value is more than first voltage threshold value, photovoltaic converter switchs to execute reversed disturbance observation method
To limit power；
Step 4: when bus voltage value is more than second voltage threshold value, photovoltaic converter is controlled using disturbance step-length is changed
Power.
If the step 2 includes: that photovoltaic power increment is positive, and voltage increment is positive, then continue positive direction disturbance electricity
Pressure, if voltage increment is negative, opposite direction disturbance voltage；If power increment is negative, and voltage increment is positive, then reversed disturbance
Voltage, if voltage increment is negative, positive disturbance voltage.
The perturbation direction of the reversed disturbance observation method and MPPT algorithm is on the contrary, forcing frequency is few kilohertz, close to opening
Close and control the 1/3~1/2 of frequency.
Change disturbance step-length is come to control power include: to increase disturbance step-length when photovoltaic dump power is excessive to reduce
Its output power, when photovoltaic dump power and load consumption close to it is consistent when reduce and disturb step-length to prevent voltage oscillation.
The step 4 includes:
Change reversed disturbance step-length according to photovoltaic converter input-output power difference dynamic, to realize photovoltaic input energy
When more compared to output demand surplus, photovoltaic fan-out capability is weakened with big disturbance step-length, when input and output are approximate consistent, is disturbed
Dynamic step-length is close to 0；When photovoltaic converter input-output power difference drops to smaller, and busbar voltage continues to be increased beyond
When first voltage threshold value, it is directly superimposed feedback quantity in control loop, realizes the reliable clamp of busbar voltage.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the operating mode of photovoltaic converter has been expanded, can switch between MPPT and limit power both of which, meet
Particular job condition in multipotency transformation system.
2, control loop structure is not changed, it is only necessary to which the parameter tuning of PI controller in a set of control loop avoids switching
When transient problem.
3, timely and reliable communication interaction is not depended on, can be avoided relevant issues caused by Communication Jamming.Based on power
Equilibrium principle adjustment limit power mode under disturbance step-length, even if limit power number amount change greatly when can quickly clamp bus
Voltage, while second threshold detection adjustment is devised, it prevents from causing to shut down into overvoltage protection, enhances the reliability of system.
4, the decoupling of power flow and information flow is realized, pattern switching is detected by converter self-sensor device according to analog quantity
Judgement, can meet simultaneously without communication and quickly, smoothly switch two aspect demands, with more preferable satisfactions reply microgrid or multifunctional system
In extreme operating condition condition.
Detailed description of the invention
The basic circuit diagram of Fig. 1 photovoltaic DC-DC converter
Control system architecture figure under Fig. 2 maximal power tracing mode
Control system architecture figure under Fig. 3 busbar voltage stable mode
Fig. 4 has the control flow chart of reversed disturbance observation function
Fig. 5 tests test platform schematic diagram
The P-V and I-V curve figure of Fig. 6 photovoltaic simulator setting
Fig. 7 MPPT switches experimental waveform figure to limit power mode
Fig. 8 releases the transient process figure of recovery MPPT after power limit
Specific embodiment
The invention proposes photovoltaic converter autonomous mode method for handover control in a kind of micro-grid system, comprising:
Step 1: the DC bus-bar voltage of photovoltaic converter is monitored；
Step 2: when photovoltaic converter executes MPPT algorithm to bus voltage value when within rated value；
Step 3: when bus voltage value is more than first voltage threshold value, photovoltaic converter switchs to execute reversed disturbance observation method
To limit power；
Step 4: when bus voltage value is more than second voltage threshold value, photovoltaic converter is controlled using disturbance step-length is changed
Power.
If the step 2 includes: that photovoltaic power increment is positive, and voltage increment is positive, then continue positive direction disturbance electricity
Pressure, if voltage increment is negative, opposite direction disturbance voltage；If power increment is negative, and voltage increment is positive, then reversed disturbance
Voltage, if voltage increment is negative, positive disturbance voltage.
The perturbation direction of the reversed disturbance observation method and MPPT algorithm is on the contrary, forcing frequency is few kilohertz, close to opening
Close and control the 1/3~1/2 of frequency.
Change disturbance step-length is come to control power include: to increase disturbance step-length when photovoltaic dump power is excessive to reduce
Its output power, when photovoltaic dump power and load consumption close to it is consistent when reduce and disturb step-length to prevent voltage oscillation.
The step 4 includes:
Change reversed disturbance step-length according to photovoltaic converter input-output power difference dynamic, to realize photovoltaic input energy
When more compared to output demand surplus, photovoltaic fan-out capability is weakened with big disturbance step-length, when input and output are approximate consistent, is disturbed
Dynamic step-length is close to 0；When photovoltaic converter input-output power difference drops to smaller, and busbar voltage continues to be increased beyond
When first voltage threshold value, it is directly superimposed feedback quantity in control loop, realizes the reliable clamp of busbar voltage.
With reference to the accompanying drawing, it elaborates to embodiment.
1, the loop of photovoltaic Boost is controlled
The variation of the environmental factors such as illumination, temperature causes photovoltaic array P-V curve to change, maximum power and light under different condition
The output voltage of volt battery has nonlinear correspondence relation, and the maximal power tracing of photovoltaic converter is by photovoltaic cell voltage
Control realize.Therefore to Boost photovoltaic DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 1, control loop structure is as schemed under MPPT mode
Shown in 2, control object is the input voltage v of converterpv。
Under MPPT mode, the maximum power that photovoltaic converter tracking photovoltaic cell can export, which can be by energy storage
Converter or grid-connection converter all absorb.Under power grid exception or converter limited situation, the output work of maximal power tracing
Rate is more than that DC bus-bar voltage rising can be caused to cause uncontrollable needed for system.Therefore, it is necessary to correspondingly change in these cases
The control structure for becoming photovoltaic converter transfers the output of stabilization transform device by the input of control converter, to obtain stable direct current
Busbar voltage, corresponding control loop structure is as shown in figure 3, control object is DC bus-bar voltage.I.e. photovoltaic converter exists
It is constant power source control model when MPPT is run, busbar voltage is supported by grid-connection converter or energy-storage system, when losing voltage branch
After support ability, photovoltaic converter should switch to voltage mode control in time, complete to support busbar voltage.
Under two kinds of control models, although main circuit structure does not change, control object is changed, corresponding control
System-output-transfer function also has a greater change, therefore designs control parameter by small-signal model and necessarily have different knots
Fruit.Meanwhile when being realized using digital control PI, for bring transient state when reducing control loop switching and trembles, need to make
The loop PI to be switched to output initial value is initialized with the current output value of current loop controller PI.
Based on this, single set of control loop is used in the present invention, i.e., the input voltage for only controlling photovoltaic converter is realized indirectly
The clamp of power limit mode Down Highway voltage.
2, forward and reverse disturbance observation algorithm
Compatible power unrestricted model is to realize that traditional MPPT track algorithm has more maturation by modifying MPPT algorithm
Method has selected the disturbance observation method most simply easily realized here.Two main indicators of disturbance observation method are respectively to disturb
Period and disturbance step-length.
It realizes that the disturbance observation of MPPT uses fixed cycle and fixed step size method, is adopted in the interruption routine of digitial controller
Sample input voltage and input current, busbar voltage and output electric current, calculate corresponding instantaneous input-output power.By method of counting, with
The frequency of 10Hz executes MPPT algorithm tracking, executes power limiting algorithm with 5kHz frequency.
In MPPT algorithm, obtains this photovoltaic voltage and last time saves voltage and makes the difference to obtain voltage increment, calculate this
Instantaneous power simultaneously makes the difference judgement power increment with the last time.If power increment is positive, and this voltage increment is positive, then continues
Positive direction disturbance voltage, if this voltage increment is negative, opposite direction disturbance voltage；If power increment is negative, and this is electric
Pressure increment is positive, then reversed disturbance voltage, if this voltage increment is negative, positive disturbance voltage.
The perturbation direction of power limiting algorithm and MPPT are on the contrary, realize the reversed adjustment of power.The flow chart of control block diagram
As shown in Figure 4.
3, variable step disturbance observation
In conventional forward disturbance observation method, step-length is excessive to be easy to shake back and forth in maximum power point, and step-length is too small then
The tracking overlong time of MPPT, variable step adjustment can preferably solve this problem, usually with current photovoltaic cell voltage and most
Adjustment foundation of the big quiescent potential difference as disturbance step-length.
Highest to disturbance transient state adjustment requirement in the present invention is mistake that positive disturbance observation switches to reversed disturbance observation
Journey, the maximum power of converter output photovoltaic cell before switching, after power grid exception or grid-connection converter current limliting, photovoltaic was exported
Time constant, the dc-link capacitance size that surplus power amount, net side inertia and transformer in limited current is arranged have codetermined mother
The rate that line voltage rises, it is desirable that reversed disturbance observation can be switched to when DC bus-bar voltage reaches first threshold, and first
Moment of beginning disturbs with biggish reversed step-length, continues to rise to limit DC bus-bar voltage, the subsequent step-length be gradually reduced with
Prevent busbar voltage decline from excessively causing biggish voltage ripple.
Change reversed disturbance step-length according to the input-output power difference dynamic of photovoltaic, to realize that photovoltaic input energy is compared
When output demand surplus is more, photovoltaic fan-out capability is weakened with biggish step-length, when input and output are approximate consistent, which is connect
Close is 0.During reversed disturbance observation, corresponding step-length are as follows:
dV2=k (ppv-po)
The Sampling filter frequency used under limit power algorithm is higher, when photovoltaic converter input-output power difference drops to
When smaller, since sensor error may judge that input power is less than output power, stopping disturbance in the case of this, but it is practical defeated
Enter power and may be slightly higher than output power bus is caused to continue to rise, in order to avoid bus overvoltage introduces second threshold detection, when
When busbar voltage continues to be increased beyond the threshold value, it is directly superimposed feedback quantity in control loop, realizes the reliable pincers of busbar voltage
Position.
4, main experimental results
In order to verify proposition autonomous switching control method validity, filled using photovoltaic simulator and Boost
When photovoltaic array and DC-DC converter, using having power grid feedback function and the two-way programmable electricity of electric current or power can be limited
Experiment test platform as shown in Figure 5 is built as grid-connection converter in source.
Photovoltaic simulator presets photovoltaic curve using software, and simulated environmental parameters are 25 DEG C of items of constant illumination 1000 and room temperature
Part, maximum power point are photovoltaic cell voltage 109V, corresponding 610W output power, and Fig. 6 is that the P-V and I-V of photovoltaic simulator are bent
Line, it can be seen that in 109V left and right side, photovoltaic output power is respectively approximate monotonic increase and monotone decreasing, in non-maximum
Its lower output power of photovoltaic panel voltage is also smaller when power points.Grid-connected inverter direct current bus voltage rated value is 190V,
The busbar voltage threshold value of DC-DC converter state switching is set as 200V.
Waveform diagram 7 and Fig. 8 correspond to related experiment as a result, the channel CH1, CH2 respectively corresponds the output of Boost in figure
And input voltage.Under the tenacious tracking state of MPPT, grid-connection converter adjusts grid-connected change to power grid feedback 610W power at this time
Parallel operation power limit is found out that DC-DC converter can adjust rapidly and reduce photovoltaic converter from waveform diagram 7 and is inputted to 400W
Side voltage, photovoltaic voltage are reduced to the output power of the corresponding about 400V of 75V or so, at this time the input-output power of photovoltaic converter
Close to unanimously, DC bus-bar voltage is clamped.Fig. 8 be release grid-connection converter power limit after converter from limitation power mode
To the transient process of MPPT, voltage is gradually increasing its corresponding output power and is gradually increased, final to realize near maximum power point
Steady operation.The validity of experiment show MPPT and limit power mode method for mutually conversing.
This embodiment is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of protection of the claims
Subject to.
Claims (5)
1. photovoltaic converter autonomous mode method for handover control in a kind of micro-grid system characterized by comprising
Step 1: the DC bus-bar voltage of photovoltaic converter is monitored；
Step 2: when photovoltaic converter executes MPPT algorithm to bus voltage value when within rated value；
Step 3: when bus voltage value is more than first voltage threshold value, photovoltaic converter switchs to execute reversed disturbance observation method to limit
Power processed；
Step 4: when bus voltage value is more than second voltage threshold value, photovoltaic converter controls power using disturbance step-length is changed.
2. photovoltaic converter autonomous mode method for handover control in micro-grid system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
If stating step 2 includes: that photovoltaic power increment is positive, and voltage increment is positive, then continues positive direction disturbance voltage, if voltage increases
Amount is negative, then opposite direction disturbance voltage；If power increment is negative, and voltage increment is positive, then reversed disturbance voltage, if voltage
Increment is negative, then positive disturbance voltage.
3. photovoltaic converter autonomous mode method for handover control in micro-grid system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The perturbation direction of reversed disturbance observation method and MPPT algorithm is stated on the contrary, forcing frequency is few kilohertz, close to switch and control frequency
The 1/3~1/2 of rate.
4. photovoltaic converter autonomous mode method for handover control in micro-grid system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State change disturbance step-length come control power include: when photovoltaic dump power is excessive increase disturbance step-length to reduce its output work
Rate, when photovoltaic dump power and load consumption close to it is consistent when reduce and disturb step-length to prevent voltage oscillation.
5. photovoltaic converter autonomous mode method for handover control in micro-grid system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating step 4 includes:
Change reversed disturbance step-length according to photovoltaic converter input-output power difference dynamic, to realize that photovoltaic input energy is compared
When output demand surplus is more, photovoltaic fan-out capability is weakened with big disturbance step-length, when input and output are approximate consistent, disturbance step
Length is close to 0；When photovoltaic converter input-output power difference drops to smaller, and busbar voltage continues to be increased beyond first
When voltage threshold, it is directly superimposed feedback quantity in control loop, realizes the reliable clamp of busbar voltage.
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| CN113224746A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-06 | 大连海事大学 | Mode switching device and mode switching method for multi-photovoltaic system of direct-current micro-grid |
| CN113690947A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-11-23 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Direct-current micro-grid power control strategy for household electric energy router |
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Application publication date: 20191112 |