CN110441699B - Battery voltage detection circuit and battery voltage detection device - Google Patents
Battery voltage detection circuit and battery voltage detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110441699B CN110441699B CN201910689811.XA CN201910689811A CN110441699B CN 110441699 B CN110441699 B CN 110441699B CN 201910689811 A CN201910689811 A CN 201910689811A CN 110441699 B CN110441699 B CN 110441699B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/78—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used using opto-electronic devices, i.e. light-emitting and photoelectric devices electrically- or optically-coupled
- H03K17/795—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used using opto-electronic devices, i.e. light-emitting and photoelectric devices electrically- or optically-coupled controlling bipolar transistors
- H03K17/7955—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used using opto-electronic devices, i.e. light-emitting and photoelectric devices electrically- or optically-coupled controlling bipolar transistors using phototransistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
- H03K17/941—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated using an optical detector
- H03K17/943—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated using an optical detector using a plurality of optical emitters or detectors, e.g. keyboard
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Abstract
The invention relates to a battery voltage detection circuit, comprising: the battery pack, the battery selection circuit, the switch circuit and the voltage conditioning circuit; the switch sub-circuit comprises a first switch sub-circuit and a second switch sub-circuit, the first switch sub-circuit comprises a first excitation unit and a first conduction unit, the first excitation unit and the first conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, and the first excitation unit is used for adjusting the on-off state of the first conduction unit; the second switch sub-circuit comprises a second excitation unit and a second conduction unit, the second excitation unit and the second conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, and the second excitation unit is used for adjusting the on-off state of the second conduction unit. The first excitation unit and the first conduction unit are arranged separately, and the second excitation unit and the second conduction unit are arranged separately, so that the battery selection circuit and the battery are isolated from each other, the interference of the battery selection circuit on the detection of the battery is reduced, and the detection stability of the battery is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery detection technologies, and in particular, to a battery voltage detection circuit and a battery voltage detection device.
Background
With the continuous development of power supply network technology, in order to ensure the reliability of power supply, lead-acid batteries are generally used as direct-current standby power for substations, data centers, communication base stations and the like, and in practical application, the lead-acid batteries are generally connected in series to form a battery pack, and are mostly operated in a floating charge state. In order to determine the state of health of the battery pack, it is necessary to measure the voltages of the individual battery cells in the battery pack, and the conventional method for measuring the voltages of the series battery cells is mainly a direct detection method.
The direct detection method is to directly measure the voltage of each battery, but the method is not suitable for a battery pack formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in series, because once the overall voltage of the battery pack connected in series is higher than the power supply voltage of a detection circuit, the circuit is damaged. In addition, the measurement circuit of the direct detection method must be commonly grounded with the battery pack, which easily introduces interference in the detection system, affecting the operation stability of the detection system. .
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, it is necessary to provide a battery voltage detection circuit and a battery voltage detection device that reduce interference in battery detection and improve detection stability of a battery.
A battery voltage detection circuit comprising: the battery pack, the battery selection circuit, the switch circuit and the voltage conditioning circuit; the input end of the battery selection circuit is used for being connected with an external signal selection device, the battery selection circuit is provided with a plurality of output ends, the switch circuit comprises a plurality of switch sub-circuits, each output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with the input end of one switch sub-circuit, the battery pack is connected in series by a plurality of batteries in sequence, and each switch sub-circuit is correspondingly connected with one battery; the switch sub-circuit comprises a first switch sub-circuit and a second switch sub-circuit, the first switch sub-circuit comprises a first excitation unit and a first conduction unit, the output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with the first end of the first excitation unit, the second end of the first excitation unit is grounded, the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the second end of the first conduction unit corresponding to the positive electrode of the battery, the first end of the first conduction unit is electrically connected with the first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit, the first excitation unit and the first conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, and the first excitation unit is used for adjusting the on-off state of the first conduction unit; the second switch sub-circuit comprises a second excitation unit and a second conduction unit, the output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with the first end of the second excitation unit, the second end of the second excitation unit is grounded, the second input end of the voltage conditioning circuit is electrically connected with the second end of the second conduction unit, the negative electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the first end of the second conduction unit corresponding to the negative electrode, the second excitation unit and the second conduction unit are arranged separately, and the second excitation unit is used for adjusting the on-off state of the second conduction unit; the voltage conditioning circuit is used for acquiring the difference voltage between the output voltage of the first end of the first conduction unit and the output voltage of the second end of the second conduction unit, and the output end of the voltage conditioning circuit is used for being connected with an external monitoring device and outputting the difference voltage to the external monitoring device.
In one embodiment, the first excitation unit includes a first light emitter, the first conduction unit includes a first light receiver, the output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected to the first end of the first light emitter, the second end of the first light emitter is grounded, the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected to the second end of the first light receiver, and the first end of the first light receiver is electrically connected to the first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit.
In one embodiment, the first light emitter includes a first light emitting diode, an output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with an anode of the first light emitting diode, a cathode of the first light emitting diode is grounded, the first light receiver includes a first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube and a first photo-resistor, the first photo-resistor is used as a base electrode of the first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube, the first photo-resistor is used for sensing light emitted by the first light emitting diode, an anode of the battery is electrically connected with a collector electrode of the first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube, and an emitter electrode of the first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube is electrically connected with a first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit.
In one embodiment, the first excitation unit includes a first thermocouple, an output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with an anode of the first thermocouple, a cathode of the first thermocouple is grounded, the first conduction unit includes a first thermal semiconductor tube and a first thermistor, the first thermistor is used as a base electrode of the first thermal semiconductor tube, the first thermistor is used for sensing heat emitted by the first thermocouple, an anode of the battery is electrically connected with a collector electrode of the first thermal semiconductor tube, and an emitter of the first thermal semiconductor tube is electrically connected with a first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit.
In one embodiment, the first excitation unit includes a first presser, an output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with an anode of the first presser, a cathode of the first presser is grounded, the first conduction unit includes a first voltage-sensitive semiconductor tube and a first piezoresistor, the first piezoresistor is used as a base electrode of the first voltage-sensitive semiconductor tube, the first piezoresistor is used for sensing pressure applied by the first presser, an anode of the battery is electrically connected with a collector electrode of the first voltage-sensitive semiconductor tube, and an emitter of the first voltage-sensitive semiconductor tube is electrically connected with a first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit.
In one embodiment, the battery selection circuit includes a chip and a not gate, wherein an input end of the chip is used for being connected with an external signal selection device, an output end of the chip is electrically connected with an input end of the not gate, the not gate has a plurality of output ends, and each output end of the not gate is electrically connected with an input end of the switch circuit.
In one embodiment, the battery selection circuit further includes a power amplification chip, the output terminal of the not gate circuit is connected to an input terminal of the power amplification chip, the power amplification chip has a plurality of output terminals, and each output terminal of the power amplification chip is electrically connected to an input terminal of the switching circuit.
In one embodiment, the voltage conditioning circuit includes a differential circuit, where the differential circuit includes a first operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor, a first end of the first conducting unit is electrically connected to an inverting input end of the first operational amplifier through the first resistor, the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is also electrically connected to an output end of the first operational amplifier through the fourth resistor, a second end of the second conducting unit is connected to a non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier through the second resistor, and a non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is also grounded through the third resistor.
In one embodiment, the voltage conditioning circuit further includes an amplifying circuit, where the amplifying circuit includes a second operational amplifier, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a seventh resistor, the output end of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected to the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier through the sixth resistor, the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is also electrically connected to the output end of the second operational amplifier through the fifth resistor, and the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is grounded through the seventh resistor.
A battery voltage detection device comprising a battery voltage detection circuit as described in any one of the embodiments above.
In the battery voltage detection circuit and the battery voltage detection device, the battery selection circuit provides the starting voltage for the first excitation unit and the second excitation unit, when the first excitation unit and the second excitation unit are started, the first conduction unit and the second conduction unit are conducted, the first excitation unit and the first conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, and the second excitation unit and the second conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, so that the battery selection circuit and the battery are isolated from each other, interference of the battery selection circuit to battery detection is reduced, and detection stability of the battery is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery voltage detection circuit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the battery voltage detection circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a battery selection circuit according to an embodiment;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a voltage conditioning circuit according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
For example, a battery voltage detection circuit includes: the battery pack, the battery selection circuit, the switch circuit and the voltage conditioning circuit; the input end of the battery selection circuit is used for being connected with an external signal selection device, the battery selection circuit is provided with a plurality of output ends, the switch circuit comprises a plurality of switch sub-circuits, each output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with the input end of one switch sub-circuit, the battery pack is connected in series by a plurality of batteries in sequence, and each switch sub-circuit is correspondingly connected with one battery; the switch sub-circuit comprises a first switch sub-circuit and a second switch sub-circuit, the first switch sub-circuit comprises a first excitation unit and a first conduction unit, the output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with the first end of the first excitation unit, the second end of the first excitation unit is grounded, the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the second end of the first conduction unit corresponding to the positive electrode of the battery, the first end of the first conduction unit is electrically connected with the first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit, the first excitation unit and the first conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, and the first excitation unit is used for adjusting the on-off state of the first conduction unit; the second switch sub-circuit comprises a second excitation unit and a second conduction unit, the output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with the first end of the second excitation unit, the second end of the second excitation unit is grounded, the second input end of the voltage conditioning circuit is electrically connected with the second end of the second conduction unit, the negative electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the first end of the second conduction unit corresponding to the negative electrode, the second excitation unit and the second conduction unit are arranged separately, and the second excitation unit is used for adjusting the on-off state of the second conduction unit; the voltage conditioning circuit is used for acquiring the difference voltage between the output voltage of the first end of the first conduction unit and the output voltage of the second end of the second conduction unit, and the output end of the voltage conditioning circuit is used for being connected with an external monitoring device and outputting the difference voltage to the external monitoring device. In the battery voltage detection circuit, the battery selection circuit provides the starting voltage for the first excitation unit and the second excitation unit, when the first excitation unit and the second excitation unit are started, the first conduction unit and the second conduction unit are conducted, the first excitation unit and the first conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, and the second excitation unit and the second conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, so that the battery selection circuit and a battery are isolated from each other, interference of the battery selection circuit to battery detection is reduced, and detection stability of the battery is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, a battery voltage detection circuit 10 according to an embodiment includes: battery pack 100, battery selection circuit 200, switching circuit 300, and voltage conditioning circuit 400; the input end of the battery selection circuit 200 is used for being connected with an external signal selection device, the battery selection circuit 200 is provided with a plurality of output ends, the switch circuit 300 comprises a plurality of switch sub-circuits 301, each output end of the battery selection circuit 200 is electrically connected with the input end of one switch sub-circuit 301, the battery pack 100 is sequentially connected in series by a plurality of batteries 110, and each switch sub-circuit 301 is correspondingly connected with one battery 110; referring to fig. 2, the switch sub-circuit 301 includes a first switch sub-circuit 310 and a second switch sub-circuit 320, the first switch sub-circuit 310 includes a first exciting unit 311 and a first conducting unit 312, an output end of the battery selecting circuit 200 is electrically connected to a first end of the first exciting unit 311, a second end of the first exciting unit 311 is grounded, an anode of the battery 110 is electrically connected to a second end of the first conducting unit 312 corresponding thereto, a first end of the first conducting unit 312 is electrically connected to a first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit 400, the first exciting unit 311 and the first conducting unit 312 are separately arranged, and the first exciting unit 311 is used for adjusting an on-off state of the first conducting unit 312; the second switch sub-circuit 320 includes a second excitation unit 321 and a second conduction unit 322, the output end of the battery selection circuit 200 is electrically connected to the first end of the second excitation unit 321, the second end of the second excitation unit 321 is grounded, the second input end of the voltage conditioning circuit 400 is electrically connected to the second end of the second conduction unit 322, the negative electrode of the battery 110 is electrically connected to the first end of the second conduction unit 322 corresponding to the negative electrode, wherein the second excitation unit 321 and the second conduction unit 322 are separately arranged, and the second excitation unit 321 is used for adjusting the on-off state of the second conduction unit 322; the voltage conditioning circuit 400 is configured to obtain a difference voltage between the output voltage of the first end of the first conducting unit 312 and the output voltage of the second end of the second conducting unit 322, and the output end of the voltage conditioning circuit 400 is configured to be connected to an external monitoring device and further configured to output the difference voltage to the external monitoring device. In an embodiment, the first switch sub-circuit further includes a first current limiting resistor, the second switch sub-circuit further includes a second current limiting resistor, a first end of the first current limiting resistor is electrically connected to the output end of the battery selection circuit, a second end of the first current limiting resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the first excitation unit, a first end of the second current limiting resistor is electrically connected to the output end of the battery selection circuit, and a second end of the second current limiting resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the second excitation unit, so that the current output by the battery selection circuit is limited, and the damage to the first excitation unit and the second excitation unit caused by the excessive output current of the battery selection circuit is reduced.
In this embodiment, the battery selection circuit 200 provides the first excitation unit 311 and the second excitation unit 321 with an on voltage, when the first excitation unit 311 and the second excitation unit 321 are turned on, the first conduction unit 312 and the second conduction unit 322 are conducted, the first excitation unit 311 and the first conduction unit 312 are separately arranged, and the second excitation unit 321 and the second conduction unit 322 are separately arranged, so that the battery selection circuit 200 and the battery pack 100 are isolated from each other, the interference of the battery selection circuit 200 on the detection of the battery 110 is reduced, and the detection stability of the battery 110 is improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the first excitation unit 311 includes a first light emitter, the first conduction unit 312 includes a first light receiver, the output end of the battery selection circuit 200 is electrically connected to a first end of the first light emitter, a second end of the first light emitter is grounded, the positive electrode of the battery 110 is electrically connected to a second end of the first light receiver, and the first end of the first light receiver is electrically connected to a first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit 400. In this embodiment, the first end of the first light emitter is connected to the output end of the battery selection circuit 200, that is, the battery selection circuit 200 sends an excitation signal to the first light emitter, that is, the battery selection circuit 200 sends an on signal to the first light emitter, so that the first light emitter is turned on, and emits light, and the sensing part of the first light receiver faces the first light emitter, so that the light emitted by the first light emitter is sensed by the first light receiver, so that the first light receiver is turned on. In this way, when the battery selection circuit 200 selects signal transmission, the corresponding first light emitter is turned on, and the first light receiver is turned on through light induction, so that the voltage conditioning circuit 400 can obtain the positive voltage of the battery 110, so that the first light emitter and the first light receiver are mutually isolated, the battery selection circuit 200 and the battery 110 are mutually separated, interference of the battery selection circuit 200 on detection of the positive voltage of the battery 110 is reduced, and stability of detection of the positive voltage of the battery 110 is improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the second excitation unit 321 includes a second light emitter, the second conduction unit 322 includes a second light receiver, the output end of the battery selection circuit 200 is electrically connected to the first end of the second light emitter, the second end of the second light emitter is grounded, the second input end of the voltage conditioning circuit 400 is electrically connected to the second end of the second light receiver, and the first end of the second light receiver is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery 110. In this embodiment, the first end of the second light emitter is connected to the output end of the battery selection circuit 200, that is, the battery selection circuit 200 sends an excitation signal to the second light emitter, that is, the battery selection circuit 200 sends an on signal to the second light emitter, so that the second light emitter is turned on, and emits light, and the sensing part of the second light receiver faces the first light emitter, so that the light emitted by the second light emitter is sensed by the second light receiver, so that the second light receiver is turned on. In this way, when the battery selection circuit 200 selects signal transmission, the corresponding second light emitter is turned on, and the second light receiver is turned on through light induction, so that the voltage conditioning circuit 400 can obtain the negative voltage of the battery 110, so that the second light emitter and the second light receiver are mutually isolated, the battery selection circuit 200 and the battery 110 are mutually separated, interference of the battery selection circuit 200 on detection of the negative voltage of the battery 110 is reduced, and stability of detection of the negative voltage of the battery 110 is improved.
In one embodiment, the first light emitter comprises a first light emitting diode, the output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the first light emitting diode, the negative electrode of the first light emitting diode is grounded, the first light receiver comprises a first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube and a first photo-resistor, the first photo-resistor is used as the base electrode of the first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube, the first photo-resistor is used for sensing light emitted by the first light emitting diode, the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube, and the emitter electrode of the first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube is electrically connected with the first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit. In this embodiment, when the output voltage of the battery selection circuit is greater than a preset value, the first light emitting diode is turned on and is used to emit light, the light emitted by the first light emitting diode is received by the first photoresistor, and the first photoresistor turns on the first photosemittor, so that the collector and the emitter of the first photosemittor are turned on, and the anode of the battery is turned on with the first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit, so that the voltage conditioning circuit obtains the detected anode voltage of the battery. Therefore, the first light-emitting diode and the first photoresistor are electrically connected through light conduction, so that the first light-emitting diode and the first photoresistor are mutually isolated, the battery selection circuit and the battery to be tested are separated, interference of the battery selection circuit to battery positive electrode detection is reduced, and detection stability of the battery positive electrode is improved.
In one embodiment, the second light emitter includes a second light emitting diode, an output terminal of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected to an anode of the second light emitting diode, a cathode of the second light emitting diode is grounded, the second light receiver includes a second photo-sensing semiconductor tube and a second photo-sensing resistor, the second photo-sensing resistor is used as a base electrode of the second photo-sensing semiconductor tube, the second photo-sensing resistor is used for sensing light emitted by the second light emitting diode, a cathode of the battery is electrically connected to a transmitting electrode of the second photo-sensing semiconductor tube, and a collector electrode of the second photo-sensing semiconductor tube is electrically connected to a second input terminal of the voltage conditioning circuit. In this embodiment, when the output voltage of the battery selection circuit is greater than a preset value, the second light emitting diode is turned on and is used to emit light, the light emitted by the second light emitting diode is received by the second photoresistor, and the second photoresistor turns on the second photosemittor, so that the collector electrode and the emitter electrode of the second photosemittor are turned on, and the negative electrode of the battery is turned on with the second input end of the voltage conditioning circuit, so that the voltage conditioning circuit obtains the detected negative electrode voltage of the battery. Therefore, the second light-emitting diode and the second photoresistor are electrically connected through light conduction, so that the second light-emitting diode and the second photoresistor are mutually isolated, the battery selection circuit and the battery to be tested are separated, the interference of the battery selection circuit to the detection of the battery cathode is reduced, and the detection stability of the battery cathode is improved.
In one embodiment, the first excitation unit includes a first thermocouple, an output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with an anode of the first thermocouple, a cathode of the first thermocouple is grounded, the first conduction unit includes a first thermal semiconductor tube and a first thermistor, the first thermistor is used as a base electrode of the first thermal semiconductor tube, the first thermistor is used for sensing heat emitted by the first thermocouple, an anode of the battery is electrically connected with a collector electrode of the first thermal semiconductor tube, and an emitter of the first thermal semiconductor tube is electrically connected with a first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit. In this embodiment, when the output voltage of the battery selection circuit is greater than a preset value, the first thermocouple is turned on and is used to emit heat, the heat emitted by the first thermocouple is received by the first thermistor, the first thermistor turns on the first thermal semiconductor tube, so that the collector and the emitter of the first thermal semiconductor tube are turned on, and the anode of the battery is turned on with the first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit, so that the voltage conditioning circuit obtains the anode voltage of the detected battery. Therefore, the first thermocouple and the first thermistor are electrically connected through heat conduction, so that the first thermocouple and the first thermosensitive semiconductor tube are mutually isolated, the battery selection circuit and the battery to be tested are separated, interference of the battery selection circuit to battery positive electrode detection is reduced, and detection stability of the battery positive electrode is improved.
In one embodiment, the second excitation unit includes a second heating couple, an output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with an anode of the second heating couple, a cathode of the second heating couple is grounded, the second conduction unit includes a second heat-sensitive semiconductor tube and a second thermistor, the second thermistor is used as a base electrode of the second heat-sensitive semiconductor tube, the second thermistor is used for sensing heat emitted by the second heating couple, a cathode of the battery is electrically connected with an emitter of the second heat-sensitive semiconductor tube, and a collector electrode of the second heat-sensitive semiconductor tube is electrically connected with a second input end of the voltage conditioning circuit. In this embodiment, when the output voltage of the battery selection circuit is greater than a preset value, the second heating couple is turned on and is used to emit heat, the heat emitted by the second heating couple is received by the second thermistor, and the second thermistor turns on the second thermal semiconductor tube, so that the collector and the emitter of the second thermal semiconductor tube are turned on, and the negative electrode of the battery is turned on with the second input end of the voltage conditioning circuit, so that the voltage conditioning circuit obtains the negative electrode voltage of the detected battery. Therefore, the second heating couple and the second thermistor are electrically connected through heat conduction, so that the second heating couple and the second thermosensitive semiconductor tube are mutually isolated, the battery selection circuit and the battery to be tested are separated, the interference of the battery selection circuit to the detection of the battery cathode is reduced, and the detection stability of the battery cathode is improved.
In one embodiment, the first excitation unit includes a first presser, an output terminal of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with an anode of the first presser, a cathode of the first presser is grounded, the first conduction unit includes a first voltage sensitive semiconductor tube and a first piezoresistor, the first piezoresistor is used as a base electrode of the first voltage sensitive semiconductor tube, the first piezoresistor is used for sensing pressure applied by the first presser, an anode of the battery is electrically connected with a collector electrode of the first voltage sensitive semiconductor tube, and an emitter of the first voltage sensitive semiconductor tube is electrically connected with a first input terminal of the voltage conditioning circuit. In this embodiment, when the output voltage of the battery selection circuit is greater than a preset value, the first pressure device is turned on and is used to generate a pressing force, the pressing force applied by the first pressure device acts on the first piezoresistor to receive the pressing force, and the first piezoresistor turns on the first pressure-sensitive semiconductor tube, so that the collector electrode and the emitter electrode of the first pressure-sensitive semiconductor tube are turned on, and the anode electrode of the battery is turned on with the first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit, so that the voltage conditioning circuit obtains the detected anode voltage of the battery. Therefore, the first pressure device and the first piezoresistor are electrically connected through force conduction, so that the first pressure device and the first pressure-sensitive semiconductor tube are mutually isolated, the battery selection circuit and the battery to be tested are separated, the interference of the battery selection circuit to the detection of the battery anode is reduced, and the detection stability of the battery anode is improved.
In one embodiment, the second excitation unit includes a second presser, an output terminal of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with an anode of the second presser, a cathode of the second presser is grounded, the second conduction unit includes a second voltage-sensitive semiconductor tube and a second piezoresistor, the second piezoresistor is used as a base electrode of the second voltage-sensitive semiconductor tube, the second piezoresistor is used for sensing pressure applied by the second presser, a cathode of the battery is electrically connected with an emitter of the second voltage-sensitive semiconductor tube, and a collector of the second voltage-sensitive semiconductor tube is electrically connected with a second input terminal of the voltage conditioning circuit. In this embodiment, when the output voltage of the battery selection circuit is greater than a preset value, the second pressure gauge is turned on and is used to generate a pressing force, the heat emitted by the second pressure gauge is received by the second piezoresistor, and the second piezoresistor turns on the second pressure sensitive semiconductor tube, so that the collector electrode and the emitter electrode of the second pressure sensitive semiconductor tube are turned on, and the negative electrode of the battery is turned on with the second input end of the voltage conditioning circuit, so that the voltage conditioning circuit obtains the detected negative electrode voltage of the battery. Therefore, the second pressure device and the second piezoresistor are electrically connected through force conduction, so that the second pressure device and the second pressure-sensitive semiconductor tube are mutually isolated, the battery selection circuit and the battery to be tested are separated, the interference of the battery selection circuit to the detection of the battery cathode is reduced, and the detection stability of the battery cathode is improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the battery selection circuit 200 includes a chip select chip 210 and a not gate 220, wherein an input terminal of the chip select chip 210 is used for connecting an external signal selection device, an output terminal of the chip select chip 210 is electrically connected to an input terminal of the not gate 220, the not gate 220 has a plurality of output terminals, and each output terminal of the not gate 220 is electrically connected to an input terminal of the switch circuit 300. In this embodiment, the chip-selecting chip 210 selects the corresponding detected battery according to the chip-selecting signal input by the input end, for example, when the battery pack 100 has 8 batteries connected in series, the chip-selecting chip 210 is a 74LS138 chip, the 74LS138 chip outputs the corresponding binary signal at the 7 th end and the 9 th end to the 15 th end according to the binary signal input by the 1 st to the 3 rd ends, and the specific chip-selecting situation can refer to the truth table of the 74LS138 chip, so as to realize the chip-selecting signal input by the external signal selecting device, and correspondingly select the detected battery 110. Since the output terminal of the 74LS138 chip is selected to output a low level signal, that is, the output binary value is "0", in order to facilitate the subsequent conduction of the first excitation unit 311 and the second excitation unit 321, the signal output by the 74LS138 chip needs to be changed, that is, the low level signal output by the 74LS138 chip is converted into a high level signal. By setting the NOT circuit 220, the output signal of the selected output end of the 74LS138 chip is changed, so that the low level output by the selected output end of the 74LS138 chip is converted into the high level, and sufficient voltage is conveniently provided for the conduction of the subsequent first excitation unit and the second excitation unit. Moreover, in order to ensure the correctness of the output signal of each output terminal of the 74LS138 chip, the not gate 220 includes two 74LS04 chips having 6-cmos (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ) inverters, each 74LS04 chip has 6 inverters, so that each output terminal of the 74LS138 chip is correspondingly connected with one inverter, and thus the signal of the output terminal of the 74LS138 chip and the output signal of the 74LS04 chip are mutually inverse signals, and further, the output signal of the 74LS138 chip corresponds to the output signal of the 74LS04 chip, which ensures that the output signal of the battery selection circuit 200 corresponds to the output signal of the chip selection chip 210, and ensures the correctness of the output signal of the battery selection circuit 200.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the battery selection circuit 200 further includes a power amplification chip 230, the output terminal of the not gate 220 is connected to the input terminal of the power amplification chip 230, the power amplification chip 230 has a plurality of output terminals, and each output terminal of the power amplification chip 230 is electrically connected to an input terminal of the switch circuit 300. In this embodiment, each output terminal of the battery selection circuit 200 is connected to one input terminal of the power amplification chip 230, the power amplification chip 230 acquires a chip selection signal output from the battery selection circuit 200, the power amplification chip 230 has the same input terminal and output terminal, and each output terminal of the power amplification chip 230 corresponds to one input terminal of the power amplification chip 230, and the power amplification chip 230 amplifies a voltage signal output from the battery selection circuit 200 and then outputs the amplified voltage signal through the corresponding output terminal of the power amplification chip 230. For example, the power amplifying chip 230 includes a 74LS245 chip, when the 1 st terminal of the 74LS245 chip is at the high level, the 2 nd to 9 th terminals of the 74LS245 chip are input terminals, and the 11 th to 18 th terminals of the 74LS245 chip are output terminals, wherein the 2 nd terminal of the 74LS245 chip corresponds to the 18 th terminal thereof, i.e. the voltage signal input from the 2 nd terminal of the 74LS245 chip is amplified and then output through the 18 th terminal of the 74LS245 chip, and other corresponding situations can be described with reference to the functional pins of the 74LS245 chip. In this way, the high-level signal output by the battery selection circuit 200 passes through the 74LS245 chip and then outputs the amplified voltage signal from the corresponding output terminal, so that the output voltage provides the starting voltage for the first excitation unit and the second excitation unit corresponding to the tested battery 110 selected by the battery selection circuit 200, thereby facilitating the subsequent voltage detection of the tested battery 110. In other embodiments, by changing the level of the 1 st terminal of the 74LS245 chip, for example, when the 1 st terminal of the 74LS245 chip is at the low level, the 2 nd to 9 th terminals of the 74LS245 chip are used as the output terminals, and the 11 th to 18 th terminals of the 74LS245 chip are used as the input terminals, the specific functions are the same as those of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the voltage conditioning circuit 400 includes a differential circuit 410, the differential circuit 410 includes a first operational amplifier OP1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4, a first end of the first conducting unit is electrically connected to an inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 through the first resistor R1, an inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is also electrically connected to an output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 through the fourth resistor R4, a second end of the second conducting unit is connected to a non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 through the second resistor R2, and a non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is also connected to a common terminal through the third resistor R3. In this embodiment, the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 and the first operational amplifier OP1 form an inverting amplification circuit, and the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 and the first operational amplifier OP1 form an in-phase amplification circuit. Because the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier OP1, the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the common end, the voltage of the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is obtained according to the voltage input by the second end of the second conducting unit, and the internal resistances of the non-inverting input end and the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier OP1 are larger, so that the voltage of the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is equal to the voltage of the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier OP1, and the output voltage of the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is obtained through calculation of the inverting amplifying loop. In this way, the output voltage of the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is a comparison voltage of the first terminal of the first conduction unit and the voltage of the second terminal of the second conduction unit, that is, the difference between the output voltage of the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 and the positive and negative voltages of the battery to be tested is a certain multiple relationship, that is, the output voltage of the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 and the terminal voltage of the battery to be tested are a multiple relationship, where the multiple of the output voltage of the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 and the terminal voltage of the battery to be tested is composed of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. In order to facilitate calculation, in this embodiment, the ratio of the first resistor R1 to the fourth resistor R4 and the ratio of the second resistor R2 to the third resistor R3 are equal, and the ratio of the third resistor R3 to the second resistor R2 is calculated as a multiple of the absolute value of the output voltage of the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 and the value of the measured battery terminal voltage. In other embodiments, the resistance values of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 are equal, and then the absolute value of the output voltage at the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is the voltage value of the battery under test. Thus, after the positive and negative voltages of the measured electricity pass through the differential circuit 410, the absolute value of the output voltage is equal to the voltage value of the measured battery, so that the difference value of the positive and negative voltages of the measured battery can be conveniently obtained, and the voltage of the measured battery can be conveniently obtained.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the voltage conditioning circuit 400 further includes an amplifying circuit 420, where the amplifying circuit 420 includes a second operational amplifier OP2, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, and a seventh resistor R7, the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is electrically connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 through the sixth resistor R6, the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is also electrically connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 through the fifth resistor R5, and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the common terminal through the seventh resistor R7. In this embodiment, the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the seventh resistor R7, the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to one terminal of the fifth resistor R5 and one terminal of the sixth resistor R6, which are calculated by the operational amplifier circuit 420, and the voltage at the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is in a ratio to the voltage at the output terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2, and since the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 through the sixth resistor R6, the voltage at the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is opposite to the voltage at the output terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2, i.e., the voltage at the output terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is opposite to the voltage at the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1, i.e., when the voltage at the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is a negative voltage, the voltage at the output terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is a positive voltage. In addition, the voltage relationship between the voltage at the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 and the voltage at the output end of the second operational amplifier OP2 is related to the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6, for example, the ratio of the voltage at the output end of the second operational amplifier OP2 to the voltage at the output end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is the ratio of the fifth resistor R5 to the sixth resistor R6, and the magnitude of the voltage at the output end of the second operational amplifier OP2 is adjusted according to actual needs.
In one embodiment, the resistance of the fifth resistor is greater than the resistance of the sixth resistor, and the ratio of the voltage at the output end of the second operational amplifier to the voltage at the output end of the first operational amplifier is the ratio of the fifth resistor to the sixth resistor, so that the absolute value of the voltage at the output end of the second operational amplifier is greater than the absolute value of the voltage at the output end of the first operational amplifier, the voltage output by the output end of the second operational amplifier is amplified, the voltage is conveniently monitored by an external monitoring device, and the misjudgment of the voltage of the battery to be tested due to the fact that the monitored voltage is too small is reduced, so that the misjudgment rate of the health state of the battery to be tested is reduced. In an embodiment, a ratio of the resistance of the fifth resistor to the resistance of the sixth resistor is (3:1) - (1.5:1); in other embodiments, the ratio of the resistance of the fifth resistor to the resistance of the sixth resistor is 2:1.
In one embodiment, a battery voltage detection apparatus is provided that includes a battery voltage detection circuit as described in any of the embodiments above.
In the battery voltage detection circuit, the battery selection circuit provides the starting voltage for the first excitation unit and the second excitation unit, when the first excitation unit and the second excitation unit are started, the first conduction unit and the second conduction unit are conducted, the first excitation unit and the first conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, and the second excitation unit and the second conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, so that the battery selection circuit and a battery are isolated from each other, interference of the battery selection circuit to battery detection is reduced, and detection stability of the battery is improved.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A battery voltage detection circuit, comprising: the battery pack, the battery selection circuit, the switch circuit and the voltage conditioning circuit;
the input end of the battery selection circuit is used for being connected with an external signal selection device, the battery selection circuit is provided with a plurality of output ends, the switch circuit comprises a plurality of switch sub-circuits, each output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with the input end of one switch sub-circuit, the battery pack is connected in series by a plurality of batteries in sequence, and each switch sub-circuit is correspondingly connected with one battery;
The switch sub-circuit comprises a first switch sub-circuit and a second switch sub-circuit, the first switch sub-circuit comprises a first excitation unit and a first conduction unit, the output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with the first end of the first excitation unit, the second end of the first excitation unit is grounded, the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the second end of the first conduction unit corresponding to the positive electrode of the battery, the first end of the first conduction unit is electrically connected with the first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit, the first excitation unit and the first conduction unit are arranged in a separated mode, and the first excitation unit is used for adjusting the on-off state of the first conduction unit; the second switch sub-circuit comprises a second excitation unit and a second conduction unit, the output end of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with the first end of the second excitation unit, the second end of the second excitation unit is grounded, the second input end of the voltage conditioning circuit is electrically connected with the second end of the second conduction unit, the negative electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the first end of the second conduction unit corresponding to the negative electrode, the second excitation unit and the second conduction unit are arranged separately, and the second excitation unit is used for adjusting the on-off state of the second conduction unit;
The voltage conditioning circuit is used for obtaining the difference voltage between the output voltage of the first end of the first conducting unit and the output voltage of the second end of the second conducting unit, the output end of the voltage conditioning circuit is used for being connected with an external monitoring device and outputting the difference voltage to the external monitoring device, the first exciting unit comprises a first light emitter, the first conducting unit comprises a first light receiver, the output end of the battery selecting circuit is electrically connected with the first end of the first light emitter, the second end of the first light emitter is grounded, the positive electrode of the battery is electrically connected with the second end of the first light receiver, the first end of the first light receiver is electrically connected with the first input end of the voltage conditioning circuit, the first exciting unit comprises a first thermocouple, the output end of the battery selecting circuit is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the first thermocouple, the negative electrode of the first thermocouple is grounded, the first conducting unit comprises a first thermistor and a first semiconductor thermistor, the positive electrode of the first thermocouple is used as a base electrode of the first semiconductor is electrically connected with the first emitter of the first thermocouple.
2. The battery voltage detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first light emitter comprises a first light emitting diode, an output terminal of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with an anode of the first light emitting diode, a cathode of the first light emitting diode is grounded, the first light receiver comprises a first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube and a first photo-sensitive resistor, the first photo-sensitive resistor is used as a base electrode of the first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube, the first photo-sensitive resistor is used for sensing light emitted by the first light emitting diode, an anode of the battery is electrically connected with a collector electrode of the first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube, and an emitter of the first photo-sensitive semiconductor tube is electrically connected with a first input terminal of the voltage conditioning circuit.
3. The battery voltage detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first excitation unit comprises a first pressure gauge, an output terminal of the battery selection circuit is electrically connected with an anode of the first pressure gauge, a cathode of the first pressure gauge is grounded, the first conduction unit comprises a first pressure sensitive semiconductor tube and a first piezoresistor, the first piezoresistor is used as a base electrode of the first pressure sensitive semiconductor tube, the first piezoresistor is used for sensing pressure applied by the first pressure gauge, an anode of the battery is electrically connected with a collector electrode of the first pressure sensitive semiconductor tube, and an emitter of the first pressure sensitive semiconductor tube is electrically connected with a first input terminal of the voltage conditioning circuit.
4. The battery voltage detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the battery selection circuit comprises a chip and a not gate, an input of the chip is used for connecting an external signal selection device, an output of the chip is electrically connected with an input of the not gate, the not gate has a plurality of outputs, and each output of the not gate is electrically connected with an input of the switch circuit.
5. The battery voltage detection circuit of claim 4, wherein the battery selection circuit further comprises a power amplification chip, the output of the not gate being connected to the input of the power amplification chip, the power amplification chip having a plurality of outputs, each output of the power amplification chip being electrically connected to an input of the switching circuit.
6. The battery voltage detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage conditioning circuit comprises a differential circuit comprising a first operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor, wherein a first end of the first pass-through unit is electrically connected to an inverting input of the first operational amplifier through the first resistor, wherein the inverting input of the first operational amplifier is also electrically connected to an output of the first operational amplifier through the fourth resistor, wherein a second end of the second pass-through unit is electrically connected to a non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier through the second resistor, and wherein a non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier is also grounded through the third resistor.
7. The battery voltage detection circuit of claim 6, wherein the voltage conditioning circuit further comprises an amplifying circuit comprising a second operational amplifier, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a seventh resistor, wherein the output terminal of the first operational amplifier is electrically connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier through the sixth resistor, wherein the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is further electrically connected to the output terminal of the second operational amplifier through the fifth resistor, and wherein the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier is grounded through the seventh resistor.
8. A battery voltage detection apparatus comprising the battery voltage detection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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