CN110441324B - Detection device and detection method for aerosol particles based on Sagnac interferometer - Google Patents
Detection device and detection method for aerosol particles based on Sagnac interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
- G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention relates to a detection device for aerosol particles based on a Sagnac interferometer, which comprises a laser, a first polarizer, a beam expander, a gas collection device, an objective lens, the Sagnac interferometer, a second polarizer and a CCD camera, wherein the laser, the first polarizer, the beam expander, the gas collection device, the objective lens, the Sagnac interferometer, the second polarizer and the CCD camera are sequentially arranged along the irradiation direction of a light beam; the CCD camera is electrically connected with a computer; the gas collecting device comprises a gas flow cavity and a gas diffusion cavity which are both hollow; notches with corresponding sizes are arranged at the top of the gas flow cavity and the bottom of the gas diffusion cavity, and the cavity spaces of the gas flow cavity and the gas diffusion cavity are communicated through the notches of the gas flow cavity and the gas diffusion cavity; the different side surfaces of the gas flow cavity are respectively provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet. Correspondingly, the invention also provides a detection method of the aerosol particles based on the Sagnac interferometer. The invention can clearly and comprehensively acquire the state information of the aerosol particles and improve the accuracy of aerosol particle detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical imaging, and particularly relates to a detection device and a detection method for aerosol particles based on a Sagnac interferometer.
Background
The digital holography technology can transmit the hologram to the computer in real time, and the computer is utilized to rapidly process the image information, so that the target of real-time measurement is achieved. At present, the digital holographic technology has wide application prospects in the research fields of holographic microscopy, three-dimensional shape measurement, image identification, image anti-counterfeiting and encryption, medical diagnosis, three-dimensional tomography and the like.
The measurement of atmospheric particulates (aerosol particles) is mainly based on contact measurement according to the physical properties of the particulates (including the relationship between mechanics, electricity, optics, etc. and the quantity or quality of the particulates). In the existing non-contact measurement method, a light scattering method is commonly used, but aerosol particles often have electric charges, so errors are easily caused in the detection process, and the accuracy is difficult to guarantee; and the light scattering method can detect and obtain the concentration information of the aerosol particles on the premise of requiring certain physical properties of the aerosol particles.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a Sagnac interferometer (Sagnac interferometer) -based aerosol particle detection apparatus, which can clearly and comprehensively obtain the state information of aerosol particles and improve the accuracy of aerosol particle detection.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a detection device for aerosol particles based on a Sagnac interferometer comprises a laser, a first polarizer, a beam expander, a gas collection device, an objective lens, the Sagnac interferometer, a second polarizer and a CCD camera which are sequentially arranged along the irradiation direction of a light beam; the CCD camera is electrically connected with the computer.
Preferably, the gas collecting device comprises a gas flow cavity and a gas diffusion cavity which are both hollow; gaps with corresponding sizes are formed in the top of the gas flow cavity and the bottom of the gas diffusion cavity, and the cavity spaces of the gas flow cavity and the gas diffusion cavity are communicated through the gaps of the gas flow cavity and the gas diffusion cavity; the gas flowing cavity is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet at different side surfaces respectively; the gas diffusion cavity is a transparent body, and light beams emitted by the laser pass through the gas diffusion cavity.
Preferably, the gas flowing cavity is a cuboid, and the gas inlet and the gas outlet are respectively located on two opposite side surfaces of the gas flowing cavity; the gas diffusion cavity is a cuboid, and light beams emitted by the laser vertically penetrate through two parallel surfaces with the largest area of the gas diffusion cavity.
Further preferably, the distance between the gas collecting device and the objective lens is equal to the working distance of the objective lens; the CCD camera is set to be in an area array working mode.
Further preferably, a diaphragm is arranged between the beam expander and the gas collecting device.
More preferably, the laser, the first polarizer, the beam expander, the diaphragm, the gas diffusion chamber, the objective lens, and the central point of the incident port of the sagnac interferometer are all located on a straight line where an optical axis emitted by the laser is located; the exit port of the Sagnac interferometer, the second polarizer and the central point of the CCD camera target surface are all positioned on a straight line where an optical axis emitted from the exit port of the Sagnac interferometer is positioned.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a detection method adopting the detection device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing a standard reticle at the position of a gas collecting device, turning on a laser, detecting by a CCD camera to obtain a holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle, transmitting the holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle to a computer for numerical reconstruction, namely, performing Fourier transform on the holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle to obtain a frequency domain pattern of the holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle, then performing filtering processing on the frequency domain pattern of the standard reticle, and reconstructing the processed frequency domain pattern of the standard reticle by using an angle spectroscopy to finally obtain a reproduced pattern of the standard reticle;
s2, marking coordinates at corresponding positions of any two adjacent scales in the reproduction map to obtain coordinates and coordinates; setting the size of each pixel point in the reproduction map to be L, and the distance between the two scales as:
∆d=|Y1-Y2|*L；
s3, setting the scale interval of the standard reticle to be DIV, and then the magnification factor F of the detecting device is:
F=∆d/DIV；
s4, the standard reticle in the step S1 is replaced by a gas collecting device, and gas to be detected is input from the gas inlet and output from the gas outlet; the CCD camera detects and obtains a holographic interference pattern of aerosol particles in the gas diffusion cavity at a certain moment;
s5, transmitting the holographic interference pattern of the aerosol particles to a computer for numerical reconstruction, namely performing Fourier transform on the holographic interference pattern of the aerosol particles to obtain a frequency domain pattern of the holographic interference pattern of the aerosol particles, performing filtering processing on the frequency domain pattern of the aerosol particles, reconstructing the processed frequency domain pattern of the aerosol particles by using an angular spectrum method, and finally obtaining a reconstructed pattern of the aerosol particles;
s6, performing phase unwrapping on the reproduced picture of the aerosol particles by using a branch cutting algorithm to obtain an unwrapped phase picture, and drawing by using MATLAB software to obtain a three-dimensional phase picture of the aerosol particles;
s7, obtaining the number, shape and display size M of the aerosol particles from the three-dimensional phase diagram of the aerosol particles, where the actual size N of the aerosol particles is:
N=M/F。
preferably, the method further comprises step S8:
and S8, judging and obtaining main pollutant components in the gas to be detected according to the shape and the actual size N of the aerosol particles, and further taking corresponding treatment measures according to different pollutant components.
Preferably, in step S4, when the gas to be detected is input from the air inlet and output from the air outlet, the air outlet of the blower pump is connected to the air inlet through a hose, and the air inlet of the air suction pump is connected to the air outlet through a hose; the blowing pump and the suction pump work intermittently, so that the phenomenon that the movement speed of aerosol particles is too high and the CCD camera is difficult to capture and detect is avoided.
Preferably, in step S7, before the number, shape and display size M of the aerosol particles are obtained, the number, shape and display size M of the aerosol particles can be obtained by rotating the three-dimensional phase diagram of the aerosol particles by 90 ° around the X axis and then detecting the Z-axis angle of the three-dimensional phase diagram of the aerosol particles.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1) the invention adopts a Sagnac interferometer, and a light beam with aerosol particle information is divided into two beams of orthogonally polarized (P-polarized and S-polarized) light beams which are transmitted in opposite directions through a polarization beam splitter prism of the Sagnac interferometer. The two beams of light respectively reversely pass through three protective silver reflectors and are finally converged at a polarization beam splitter prism of the Sagnac interferometer. In order to make the two beams interfere with each other, i.e. to make the two beams have a slight lateral shearing distance, the angle of the two combined beams can be quantitatively controlled by slightly rotating the polarization splitting prism. Since the transmitted light is P light (i.e., the polarization vector of the light is in the plane) and the reflected light is S light (i.e., the polarization vector of the light is perpendicular to the plane) after the light beam passes through the polarization splitting prism, the thickness of the fringes, i.e., the frequency of the fringes, can be controlled by adjusting the angle of the polarization splitting prism. Because the ring structure of the Sagnac interferometer has higher stability, compared with other transverse shearing common-path interferometers, the off-axis angle of the object light and the reference light beam of the Sagnac interferometer is easier to adjust and quantitatively control, and is matched with the pixel size of a CCD camera to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the imaging quality of the system is not reduced.
2) The gas collecting device comprises a gas flow cavity and a gas diffusion cavity which are both hollow; gaps with corresponding sizes are formed in the top of the gas flow cavity and the bottom of the gas diffusion cavity, and the cavity spaces of the gas flow cavity and the gas diffusion cavity are communicated through the gaps of the gas flow cavity and the gas diffusion cavity; the gas flowing cavity is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet at different side surfaces respectively; the gas diffusion cavity is a transparent body, and light beams emitted by the laser pass through the gas diffusion cavity; connecting the air outlet end of the air blowing pump with an air inlet through a hose, and connecting the air inlet end of the air suction pump with an air outlet through a hose; the blowing pump and the suction pump work intermittently. The structural design of the gas collecting device and the intermittent pumping mode of the gas to be detected avoid the too high moving speed of aerosol particles to a certain extent, and are favorable for the capture and detection of the CCD camera on the aerosol particles.
3) The method can generate the three-dimensional phase diagram of the aerosol particles, the number, the shape and the display size M of the aerosol particles can be visually detected by rotating the three-dimensional phase diagram of the aerosol particles, and the actual size N of the aerosol particles can be obtained by calibrating the times of the standard reticle. Therefore, the invention can not only measure particles with any shape, but also obtain more comprehensive detailed information of the particles.
4) The aerosol particles are detected in the gas collecting device, so that the influence of the external environment on the inside can be avoided; the gas collection device is internally provided with a hollow cubic gas flow cavity, so that aerosol particles can be limited in a certain range, the atmospheric environment can be simulated to the maximum extent, the state of the aerosol particles in the atmosphere can be reduced to the greatest extent, and the accuracy of the aerosol particle detection result is ensured. In gaseous entering gas flow cavity with certain speed, gas flow cavity utilized the leakproofness in space, can reduce gaseous speed, avoided gaseous moving speed too fast, reduced gaseous aerosol particle's chaos degree. The gas is diffused to the gas diffusion cavity with relatively small volume from the gas flow cavity, so that the speed of aerosol particles can be further reduced in a sealed state, the stability of the aerosol particles is improved, the state of the aerosol particles is consistent with that of the environment to be detected, and the accuracy of the detection result of the aerosol particles is improved. The gas diffusion cavity is in a hollow cuboid shape, so that the gas areas through which light rays in the light beams irradiate are the same, the physical phenomena such as refraction and reflection of the light rays are the same, the information of the aerosol particles can be accurately collected, and the accuracy of the aerosol particle detection result is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of the detecting device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the detecting apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a gas collection apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a holographic interference pattern of a standard reticle.
FIG. 5 is a reproduction of a standard reticle.
FIG. 6 is a holographic interference pattern of aerosol particles.
Fig. 7 is a reproduction of aerosol particles.
Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional phase diagram of aerosol particles.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of aerosol particles after rotation of a three-dimensional phase diagram.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a laser 1, a first polarizer 2, a beam expander 3, a gas collecting device 4, an objective 5, a Sagnac interferometer 6, a second polarizer 7, a CCD camera 8, a computer 9, a diaphragm 10, a gas flowing cavity 41, a gas diffusion cavity 42, a gas inlet 43 and a gas outlet 44.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention relates to a sagnac interferometer-based aerosol particle detection apparatus, which includes a laser 1, a first polarizer 2, a beam expander 3, a gas collection device 4, an objective lens 5, a sagnac interferometer 6, a second polarizer 7 and a CCD camera 8, which are sequentially arranged along a beam irradiation direction; the CCD camera 8 is electrically connected with the computer 9.
As shown in fig. 3, the gas collecting device 4 includes a gas flow chamber 41 and a gas diffusion chamber 42 both having a hollow shape; gaps with corresponding sizes are formed in the top of the gas flow cavity 41 and the bottom of the gas diffusion cavity 42, and the cavity spaces of the gas flow cavity 41 and the gas diffusion cavity 42 are communicated through the gaps between the gas flow cavity and the gas diffusion cavity; the gas flowing cavity 41 is provided with a gas inlet 43 and a gas outlet 44 at different side surfaces; the gas diffusion chamber 42 is a transparent body, and the light beam emitted from the laser 1 passes through the gas diffusion chamber 42.
Specifically, the gas flow cavity 41 is a hollow cubic workpiece, and the gas diffusion cavity 42 is a hollow glass cuboid; the middle position of the top surface of the cube processing piece is provided with a notch, the lower surface of the glass cuboid is open, and the lower surface of the glass cuboid is blocked at the notch of the top surface of the cube processing piece, so that the cavity space of the cube processing piece and the cavity space of the glass cuboid are in a communicated state.
Specifically, the gas inlet 43 and the gas outlet 44 are respectively located on two opposite side surfaces of the gas flow cavity 41; the beam emitted by the laser 1 passes perpendicularly through the two parallel planes of the gas diffusion chamber 42, which have the largest area.
The distance of the gas collection device 4 from the objective 5 is equal to the working distance of the objective 5.
Specifically, the objective lens 5 is a model GCO-2102 of great perpetual new era science and technology, ltd, and the working distance of the objective lens 5 is 34.7mm, that is, the distance between the gas collecting device 4 and the objective lens 5 is 34.7 mm.
The CCD camera 8 is set to an area array operation mode.
And a diaphragm 10 is arranged between the beam expander 3 and the gas collecting device 4, and the size of the light beam is adjusted through the diaphragm 10.
The central points of the laser 1, the first polarizer 2, the beam expander 3, the diaphragm 10, the gas diffusion cavity 42, the objective lens 5 and the incident port of the Sagnac interferometer 6 are all positioned on the straight line where the optical axis emitted by the laser 1 is positioned; the central points of the exit port of the sagnac interferometer 6, the second polarizer 7 and the target surface of the CCD camera 8 are all located on a straight line on which the optical axis emitted from the exit port of the sagnac interferometer 6 is located.
The sagnac interferometer 6 comprises a polarization beam splitter prism and three protective silver reflectors, wherein the polarization beam splitter prism adopts a GCC-402103 model of the great permanent epoch science and technology company, and the protective silver reflectors adopt a GCC-102202 model of the great permanent epoch science and technology company.
The laser 1 adopts the MRL-III-633L model of Changchun new industry electro-optical technology, Inc., the first polarizer 2 and the second polarizer 7 both adopt the GCL-050003 model of great epoch science and technology, Inc., the beam expander 3 adopts the GCO-2501 model of great epoch science and technology, Inc., the CCD camera 8 adopts the 41C6M model of Point Gray, and the diaphragm 10 adopts the GCM-5702M model of great epoch science and technology, Inc.
In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model and the style of each device, the model and the style of other devices are not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.
The following describes the detection method of the detection device of the present invention in detail with reference to the specific working process and the accompanying drawings:
s1, placing the standard reticle at the position of the gas collecting device 4, turning on the laser 1, and detecting by the CCD camera 8 to obtain the holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle as shown in FIG. 4; transmitting the holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle to a computer 9 for numerical reconstruction, namely performing Fourier transform on the holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle to obtain a frequency domain pattern of the holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle, performing filtering processing on the frequency domain pattern of the standard reticle, reconstructing the processed frequency domain pattern of the standard reticle by using an angle spectrum method, and finally obtaining a reproduction pattern of the standard reticle, wherein the reproduction pattern is shown in FIG. 5;
the standard reticle is a GCG-YP904 model of great permanent New epoch science and technology, Inc., and the scribing distance DIV =0.05 mm.
S2, marking coordinates at corresponding positions of any two adjacent scales in the reproduction map, and obtaining coordinates (1109,1144) and coordinates (1109,1314) as shown in FIG. 5; the size of each pixel point in the reproduction map is 3.45um, and the distance between two scales is:
∆d=|1144-1314|*3.45=586.5um=0.5865mm
s3, if the graduation distance DIV =0.05mm of the standard reticle can be obtained in step S1, the magnification factor F of the detecting device is:
F=0.5865mm/0.05mm=11.73
s4, the standard reticle in the step S1 is replaced by a gas collecting device 4, and the gas of the air to be detected of a certain building site is input from the gas inlet 43 and output from the gas outlet 44; the CCD camera 8 detects and obtains a holographic interference pattern of aerosol particles in the gas diffusion chamber 42 at a certain time, as shown in fig. 6;
specifically, when the gas to be detected is input from the gas inlet 43 and output from the gas outlet 44, the gas outlet end of the blowing pump is connected with the gas inlet 43 through a hose, and the gas inlet end of the suction pump is connected with the gas outlet 44 through a hose; the blowing pump and the suction pump work intermittently, so that the phenomenon that the movement speed of aerosol particles is too high and the CCD camera 8 is difficult to capture and detect is avoided.
S5, transmitting the holographic interference pattern of the aerosol particles to a computer 9 for numerical reconstruction, that is, performing fourier transform on the holographic interference pattern of the aerosol particles to obtain a frequency domain pattern of the holographic interference pattern of the aerosol particles, performing filtering processing on the frequency domain pattern of the aerosol particles, and reconstructing the processed frequency domain pattern of the aerosol particles by using an angular spectrum method to obtain a reconstructed pattern of the aerosol particles, as shown in fig. 7;
s6, performing phase unwrapping on the reproduced picture of the aerosol particles by using a branch cutting algorithm to obtain an unwrapped phase picture, and drawing by using MATLAB software to obtain a three-dimensional phase picture of the aerosol particles, as shown in FIG. 8;
s7, rotating the three-dimensional phase diagram of the aerosol particles by 90 ° around the X axis, and then detecting from the Z-axis angle of the three-dimensional phase diagram of the aerosol particles, as shown in fig. 9, where the diagram contains 7 aerosol particles (the positions pointed by 7 arrows in fig. 9 are 7 aerosol particles), and the shape is irregular; since the aerosol particles are irregularly shaped, the size of the aerosol particles is represented by the average particle size, showing a size M =80 x 3.45=276um, and the actual size N of the aerosol particles is:
N=M/F=276/11.73≈23um
s8, if the actual size of the aerosol particles is 23um, the air in the construction site is dust pollution. There is therefore a need to reduce the pollution of secondary dust emissions from construction sites, such as residue transport, road sweeping, etc.
In summary, the present invention relates to a sagnac interferometer-based aerosol particle detection apparatus and detection method, which can clearly and comprehensively obtain state information of aerosol particles, where the state information includes shapes and sizes of the aerosol particles, and improve accuracy of aerosol particle detection.
Claims (6)
1. A detection device of aerosol particles based on Sagnac interferometer, characterized in that: the device comprises a laser (1), a first polarizer (2), a beam expander (3), a gas collecting device (4), an objective lens (5), a Sagnac interferometer (6), a second polarizer (7) and a CCD camera (8) which are sequentially arranged along the beam irradiation direction; a diaphragm (10) is arranged between the beam expander (3) and the gas collecting device (4); the central points of the incident ports of the laser (1), the first polarizer (2), the beam expander (3), the diaphragm (10), the gas diffusion cavity (42), the objective lens (5) and the Sagnac interferometer (6) are all located on a straight line where an optical axis emitted by the laser (1) is located, the central points of the exit port of the Sagnac interferometer (6), the second polarizer (7) and the target surface of the CCD camera (8) are all located on a straight line where an optical axis emitted by the exit port of the Sagnac interferometer (6) is located, and the CCD camera (8) is electrically connected with the computer (9);
the gas collecting device (4) comprises a gas flow cavity (41) and a gas diffusion cavity (42) which are both hollow; gaps with corresponding sizes are formed in the top of the gas flow cavity (41) and the bottom of the gas diffusion cavity (42), and the cavity spaces of the gas flow cavity (41) and the gas diffusion cavity (42) are communicated through the gaps of the gas flow cavity and the gas diffusion cavity; the gas flowing cavity (41) is provided with a gas inlet (43) and a gas outlet (44) at different side surfaces respectively; the gas diffusion cavity (42) is a transparent body, and light beams emitted by the laser (1) pass through the gas diffusion cavity (42);
the gas flowing cavity (41) is a cuboid, and the gas inlet (43) and the gas outlet (44) are respectively positioned on two opposite side surfaces of the gas flowing cavity (41); the gas diffusion cavity (42) is a cuboid, and light beams emitted by the laser (1) vertically penetrate through two parallel surfaces with the largest area of the gas diffusion cavity (42).
2. The sagnac interferometer-based detection device for aerosol particles of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the gas collecting device (4) and the objective lens (5) is equal to the working distance of the objective lens (5); the CCD camera (8) is set to be in an area array working mode.
3. A detection method of the detection device of the Sagnac interferometer-based aerosol particles according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the following steps:
s1, placing a standard reticle at the position of a gas collecting device (4), turning on a laser (1), detecting by a CCD camera (8) to obtain a holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle, transmitting the holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle to a computer (9) for numerical reconstruction, namely performing Fourier transform on the holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle to obtain a frequency domain pattern of the holographic interference pattern of the standard reticle, filtering the frequency domain pattern of the standard reticle, reconstructing the processed frequency domain pattern of the standard reticle by using an angle spectrum method, and finally obtaining a reproduction pattern of the standard reticle;
s2, labeling coordinates at corresponding positions of any two adjacent scales in the reproduction map, resulting in coordinates (X1, Y1) and coordinates (X2, Y2), wherein X1= X2; setting the size of each pixel point in the reproduction map to be L, and the distance between the two scales as:
∆d=|Y1-Y2|*L；
s3, setting the scale interval of the standard reticle to be DIV, and then the magnification factor F of the detecting device is:
F=∆d/DIV；
s4, the standard reticle in the step S1 is replaced by a gas collecting device (4), and gas to be detected is input from a gas inlet (43) and output from a gas outlet (44); the CCD camera (8) detects and obtains a holographic interference pattern of aerosol particles in the gas diffusion cavity (42) at a certain moment;
s5, transmitting the holographic interference pattern of the aerosol particles to a computer (9) for numerical reconstruction, namely performing Fourier transform on the holographic interference pattern of the aerosol particles to obtain a frequency domain pattern of the holographic interference pattern of the aerosol particles, performing filtering processing on the frequency domain pattern of the aerosol particles, reconstructing the processed frequency domain pattern of the aerosol particles by using an angular spectrum method, and finally obtaining a reconstructed pattern of the aerosol particles;
s6, performing phase unwrapping on the reproduced picture of the aerosol particles by using a branch cutting algorithm to obtain an unwrapped phase picture, and drawing by using MATLAB software to obtain a three-dimensional phase picture of the aerosol particles;
s7, obtaining the number, shape and display size M of the aerosol particles from the three-dimensional phase diagram of the aerosol particles, where the actual size N of the aerosol particles is:
N=M/F。
4. the detection method of the sagnac interferometer-based aerosol particle detection apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising the step of S8:
and S8, judging and obtaining main pollutant components in the gas to be detected according to the shape and the actual size N of the aerosol particles, and further taking corresponding treatment measures according to different pollutant components.
5. The detection method of the sagnac interferometer-based detection apparatus for aerosol particles as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in the step S4, when the gas to be detected is input from the gas inlet (43) and output from the gas outlet (44), the gas outlet end of the blower pump is connected with the gas inlet (43) through a hose, and the gas inlet end of the aspirator pump is connected with the gas outlet (44) through a hose; the blowing pump and the suction pump work intermittently, so that the phenomenon that the movement speed of aerosol particles is too high and the CCD camera (8) is difficult to capture and detect is avoided.
6. The detection method of the sagnac interferometer-based detection apparatus for aerosol particles as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step S7, before obtaining the number, shape, and display size M of the aerosol particles, the three-dimensional phase diagram of the aerosol particles is rotated by 90 ° around the X axis, and then the number, shape, and display size M of the aerosol particles can be obtained by detecting the Z-axis angle of the three-dimensional phase diagram of the aerosol particles.
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