CN110437412B - Polyurethane wood-like material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyurethane wood-like material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4804—Two or more polyethers of different physical or chemical nature
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
- C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6674—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/06—Pretreated ingredients and ingredients covered by the main groups C08K3/00 - C08K7/00
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
Abstract
The invention provides a polyurethane wood-like material which is prepared from a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of (1-2) to 1, wherein the component A is a polyether composition, and the component B is a polyisocyanate composition; the polyether composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35-64% of combined polyether, 35-60% of modified hollow glass beads, 0-5% of plasticizer and 0.1-1% of defoaming agent, wherein the modified hollow glass beads are modified by a mixed solution of aluminate coupling agent and Span80 in a mass ratio of 1: 1. During preparation, the component A and the component B are mixed according to the mass ratio of (1-2) to 1, the mixture is uniformly stirred under vacuum and then poured into a mold, and the mixture is solidified at normal temperature and stands for 5-7 days. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate, and the obtained polyurethane wood-like material is low in density, high in strength, high in toughness, small in thermal deformation, odorless, more environment-friendly and wider in application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane composite materials, in particular to a polyurethane wood-like material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Common wood-like composite materials mainly include unsaturated resin composite materials, epoxy resin composite materials and polyurethane composite materials. The unsaturated resin composite material has large shape, low strength and large smell, does not meet the requirement of green development and is not beneficial to human bodies. The toughness of the wood-like material of the epoxy resin composite material is poor, and the application of the epoxy resin composite material in some aspects is limited. In comparison, the performance of the polyurethane wood-like material is better. The polyurethane wood-like material is a high-density polyurethane hard foam, is made up by using polyurethane composite material through the processes of mixing, stirring, foaming, injection moulding, curing and demoulding, etc., and has the fine cell structure, and its density is higher than that of conventional heat-insulating polyurethane hard foam, and its compression strength, tensile strength, impact strength and bending strength are good, so that it can be extensively used in the fields of furniture and urban infrastructure construction. However, the production difficulty is high, the requirement on environment is high, and the equipment is complex. Therefore, the prior production process of the polyurethane wood-like material is urgently needed to be optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a polyurethane wood-like material and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a polyurethane wood-like material is prepared from a component A and a component B according to a mass ratio of (1-2) to 1, wherein the component A is a polyether composition, and the component B is a polyisocyanate composition;
the polyether composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35-64% of combined polyether, 35-60% of modified hollow glass beads, 0-5% of plasticizer and 0.1-1% of defoaming agent, wherein the modified hollow glass beads are hollow glass beads modified by composite modifying liquid, and the composite modifying liquid is a mixed liquid of aluminate coupling agent and Span80 in a mass ratio of 1: 1;
the polyisocyanate composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 25 to 44.9 percent of polyisocyanate, 55 to 74 percent of solid filler and 0.1 to 1 percent of defoaming agent.
The hollow glass beads are also called hollow glass beads, are hollow glass spheres with small sizes, have small real density, are spheroids, have small stacking density, and can be used as a filler of a resin composite material to increase the flowability of the resin composite material and further reduce the density of the material. According to the invention, the hollow glass microspheres are modified by adopting the composite modifying solution of the aluminate coupling agent and the Span80 in a mass ratio of 1:1, the hollow glass microspheres after modification treatment are uniformly dispersed in the polyurethane resin, and the layering phenomenon caused by low density of the hollow glass microspheres is avoided, so that the finally prepared polyurethane wood-like material has no foam holes, high compactness, high strength, high toughness, better processing performance, more environmental protection and wider application range.
Preferably, the particle size of the hollow glass bead is 30-120 μm; during modification, the mass percentage of the composite modification liquid to the hollow glass beads is 0.5-3%.
Further preferably, the combined polyether comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01 to 0.03 percent of catalyst, 3 to 5 percent of chain extender, 0.5 to 5 percent of drier, 1 to 5 percent of molecular sieve and 85 to 95 percent of mixture of at least two polyether polyols; the catalyst is preferably at least one of an organic zinc catalyst, an organic zirconium catalyst and an organic bismuth catalyst; the chain extender is preferably any one of 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol and sorbitol; the drier is dibutyltin dilaurate, preferably PU drier T-12 produced by Shanghai Deyu trade company Limited; the preferred particle size of the molecular sieve is 300 mesh.
The polyether polyol is preferably a polyether polyol having a functionality of 3 to 5 and a hydroxyl value of 300, 400, 500 or 1000.
More preferably, the solid filler comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of calcium carbonate, 20-50% of aluminum hydroxide, 30-70% of talcum powder and 0-2% of titanium dioxide.
A preparation method of a polyurethane wood-like material comprises the following operation steps:
(1) preparing materials: mixing an aluminate coupling agent and Span80 according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare a composite modification liquid, carrying out modification treatment on the hollow glass microspheres by using the composite modification liquid, and then carrying out vacuum drying on the modified hollow glass microspheres and a solid filler for later use, wherein the preferable drying temperature is 100 ℃ and the drying time is 2 hours;
(2) preparing a component A: mixing the composite polyether, the modified hollow glass beads, the plasticizer and the defoaming agent in proportion, and uniformly stirring, wherein the preferable stirring speed is 500-800 r/min;
(3) preparing a component B: mixing polyisocyanate, solid filler and defoamer in proportion, and uniformly stirring, wherein the preferable stirring speed is 500-800 r/min;
(4) cleaning the mold, and spraying a release agent after the mold is dried;
(5) pouring and curing: firstly, mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of (1-2) to 1, then uniformly stirring under a vacuum condition, then pouring into a mold, curing at normal temperature, and standing for 5-7 days to perform subsequent machining.
Preferably, the specific operations of the hollow glass bead modification treatment are as follows: pretreating hollow glass beads, then placing the hollow glass beads into a container, adding ethyl acetate, adding 0.5-3 wt% of composite modified liquid of the hollow glass beads, refluxing and stirring for 1-3h at 60-80 ℃, removing the ethyl acetate by vacuum filtration after the reaction is finished, and drying the obtained hollow glass beads in an oven at 100 ℃ for 2 h.
Preferably, the specific operation of pretreating the hollow glass beads is as follows: adding a certain amount of hollow glass beads into a three-neck flask, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L, refluxing and stirring for 2 hours at 70 ℃, then cleaning with deionized water until the pH value is 7-8, carrying out vacuum filtration to remove water, and drying for 8 hours in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the polyurethane wood-like material provided by the invention is simple, easy to operate and suitable for popularization and application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The drier used in each of the following examples was a PU drier T-12 produced by Shanghai Deyue trade Co., Ltd, the molecular sieve was a 300-mesh molecular sieve, the plasticizer was synthetic vegetable ester YGT-2 produced by Ito chemical engineering Co., Ltd, Suzhou, the antifoaming agent was natural oil and fat antifoaming agent DF-2432 produced by Defeng antifoaming agent Co., Ltd, the polyisocyanate was polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate PM-200 produced by Wanhua chemical group Co., Ltd, and the composite modified liquids were mixed liquids of an aluminate coupling agent and Span80 in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Example 1
A preparation method of a polyurethane wood-like material comprises the following operation steps:
(1) preparing materials: modifying hollow glass microspheres with the particle size of 30 mu m by using composite modifying liquid, and specifically comprising the following steps: firstly, pretreating hollow glass microspheres (firstly adding a certain amount of hollow glass microspheres into a three-neck flask, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L, carrying out reflux stirring for 2 hours at 70 ℃, then cleaning with deionized water to the pH value of 7-8, carrying out reduced pressure filtration to remove water, drying for 8 hours in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃), then putting the pretreated hollow glass microspheres into a container, adding ethyl acetate, then adding a composite modified solution with the mass of 1% of that of the hollow glass microspheres, carrying out reflux stirring for 2 hours at 70 ℃, carrying out reduced pressure filtration to remove ethyl acetate after the reaction is finished, and carrying out vacuum drying for 2 hours at 100 ℃ on the obtained modified hollow glass microspheres, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, talcum powder and titanium dioxide;
(2) preparing a component A: the composite polyether (the composite polyether comprises the following components, by mass, 0.03% of an organic zinc catalyst, 4.97% of 1, 4-butanediol, 5% of a drier, 5% of a molecular sieve and 85% of a polyether polyol mixture, wherein the polyether polyol mixture is a mixture of polyether polyol 303 and polyether polyol 305 in a mass ratio of 1: 1), the modified hollow glass beads, the plasticizer and the defoaming agent are mixed according to the mass percentages of 59%, 35%, 5% and 1% respectively and are stirred at a speed of 500r/min to form a polyether composition;
(3) preparing a component B: mixing polyisocyanate, solid filler (each component comprises 10% by mass of calcium carbonate, 50% by mass of aluminum hydroxide, 38% by mass of talcum powder and 2% by mass of titanium dioxide) and defoaming agent respectively according to 35% by mass, 64.5% by mass and 0.5% by mass, and uniformly stirring at 500r/min to form a polyisocyanate composition;
(4) cleaning the mold, and spraying a release agent after the mold is dried;
(5) pouring and curing: firstly, mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 1:1, then uniformly stirring at 100r/min under a vacuum condition, then pouring into a mold, curing at normal temperature, and standing for 7 days to perform subsequent machining.
Example 2
A preparation method of a polyurethane wood-like material comprises the following operation steps:
(1) preparing materials: the method is characterized in that the hollow glass beads with the particle size of 60 mu m are modified by using a composite modification liquid, and comprises the following specific operations: firstly, pretreating hollow glass microspheres (firstly adding a certain amount of hollow glass microspheres into a three-neck flask, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L, carrying out reflux stirring for 2 hours at 70 ℃, then cleaning with deionized water to the pH value of 7-8, carrying out vacuum filtration to remove water, drying for 8 hours in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃), then putting the pretreated hollow glass microspheres into a container, adding ethyl acetate, then adding a composite modified solution with the mass of 0.5% of that of the hollow glass microspheres, carrying out reflux stirring for 1 hour at 80 ℃, carrying out vacuum filtration to remove the ethyl acetate after the reaction is finished, and carrying out vacuum drying for 2 hours at 100 ℃ on the obtained modified hollow glass microspheres, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, talcum powder and titanium dioxide;
(2) preparing a component A: the composite polyether (the composite polyether comprises the following components, by mass, 0.02% of an organic zinc catalyst, 5% of diethylene glycol, 0.5% of a drier, 3% of a molecular sieve and 91.48% of a polyether polyol mixture, wherein the polyether polyol mixture is a mixture of 4110 and 305 polyether polyol in a mass ratio of 1: 1), the modified hollow glass beads, the plasticizer and the defoaming agent are respectively mixed according to mass percentages of 64%, 35.9%, 0 and 0.1% and are stirred at a speed of 600r/min to form a polyether composition;
(3) preparing a component B: mixing polyisocyanate, solid filler (the mass percent of each component is 30 percent of calcium carbonate, 39 percent of aluminum hydroxide, 30 percent of talcum powder and 1 percent of titanium dioxide) and defoaming agent according to the mass percent of 25 percent, 74 percent and 1 percent respectively, and uniformly stirring at 700r/min to form a polyisocyanate composition;
(4) cleaning the mold, and spraying a release agent after the mold is dried;
(5) pouring and curing: firstly, mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1, then uniformly stirring at 100r/min under a vacuum condition, then pouring into a mold, curing at normal temperature, standing for 6 days, and then carrying out subsequent machining.
Example 3
A preparation method of a polyurethane wood-like material comprises the following operation steps:
(1) preparing materials: modifying hollow glass microspheres with the particle size of 100 mu m by using composite modifying liquid, which comprises the following specific operations: firstly, pretreating hollow glass microspheres (firstly adding a certain amount of hollow glass microspheres into a three-neck flask, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L, carrying out reflux stirring for 2 hours at 70 ℃, then cleaning with deionized water to the pH value of 7-8, carrying out reduced pressure filtration to remove water, drying for 8 hours in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃), then putting the pretreated hollow glass microspheres into a container, adding ethyl acetate, then adding a composite modified solution with the mass of 3% of that of the hollow glass microspheres, carrying out reflux stirring for 3 hours at 60 ℃, carrying out reduced pressure filtration to remove the ethyl acetate after the reaction is finished, and carrying out vacuum drying for 2 hours at 100 ℃ on the obtained modified hollow glass microspheres, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, talcum powder and titanium dioxide;
(2) preparing a component A: the composite polyether (the composite polyether comprises the following components, by mass, 0.01% of an organic zirconium catalyst, 3% of 6-hexanediol, 0.99% of a drier, and 95% of a mixture of 1% of a molecular sieve and polyether polyol, wherein the mixture of the polyether polyol is specifically a mixture of 4110% of polyether polyol, 303% of polyether polyol and 305% of polyether polyol in a mass ratio of 1:1: 1), the modified hollow glass beads, the plasticizer and the defoaming agent are respectively mixed according to the mass percentages of 55%, 42%, 2% and 1% and stirred at the speed of 800r/min to form a polyether composition;
(3) preparing a component B: mixing polyisocyanate, solid filler (the mass percent of each component is 20 percent of calcium carbonate, 30 percent of aluminum hydroxide, 48.5 percent of talcum powder and 1.5 percent of titanium dioxide) and defoamer according to the mass percent of 30 percent, 69.5 percent and 0.5 percent respectively, and stirring uniformly at 600r/min to form a polyisocyanate composition;
(4) cleaning the mold, and spraying a release agent after the mold is dried;
(5) pouring and curing: firstly, mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 1.8:1, then uniformly stirring at 100r/min under a vacuum condition, then pouring into a mold, curing at normal temperature, standing for 5 days, and then carrying out subsequent machining.
Example 4
A preparation method of a polyurethane wood-like material comprises the following operation steps:
(1) preparing materials: modifying hollow glass microspheres with the particle size of 120 mu m by using composite modifying liquid, and specifically comprising the following steps: firstly, pretreating hollow glass microspheres (firstly adding a certain amount of hollow glass microspheres into a three-neck flask, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L, carrying out reflux stirring for 2 hours at 70 ℃, then cleaning with deionized water to the pH value of 7-8, carrying out reduced pressure filtration to remove water, drying for 8 hours in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃), then putting the pretreated hollow glass microspheres into a container, adding ethyl acetate, then adding a composite modified solution with the mass of 2% of that of the hollow glass microspheres, carrying out reflux stirring for 2 hours at 70 ℃, carrying out reduced pressure filtration to remove the ethyl acetate after the reaction is finished, and carrying out vacuum drying for 2 hours at 100 ℃ on the obtained modified hollow glass microspheres, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, talcum powder and titanium dioxide;
(2) preparing a component A: mixing and stirring combined polyether (the combined polyether comprises the following components, by mass, 0.02% of an organic bismuth catalyst, 4% of trimethylolpropane, 3.98% of a drier, and 90% of a mixture of 2% of a molecular sieve and polyether polyol, wherein the mixture of the polyether polyol is specifically the mixture of 4110% of polyether polyol, 303% of polyether polyol and 305% of polyether polyol in a mass ratio of 2:1: 2), modified hollow glass beads, a plasticizer and a defoaming agent respectively according to the mass percentages of 35%, 60%, 4.5% and 0.5% and stirring at 700r/min to form a polyether composition;
(3) preparing a component B: mixing polyisocyanate, solid filler (each component comprises 10 mass percent of calcium carbonate, 20 mass percent of aluminum hydroxide and 70 mass percent of talcum powder) and defoamer according to the mass percent of 44.9 percent, 55 percent and 0.1 percent respectively, and stirring uniformly at 500r/min to form a polyisocyanate composition;
(4) cleaning the mold, and spraying a release agent after the mold is dried;
(5) pouring and curing: firstly, mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 2:1, then uniformly stirring at 100r/min under a vacuum condition, then pouring into a mold, curing at normal temperature, and standing for 5 days to perform subsequent machining.
Comparative example 1
The silane coupling agent KH550 is used for replacing the composite modification liquid in the embodiment 4, and the surface modification is carried out on the hollow glass microspheres. The rest of the process was the same as in example 4.
The products obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were tested for their compactness, heat distortion temperature, shore hardness, bending strength and other properties, as shown in the following table.
From the above table, it can be seen that: the polyurethane wood-like material prepared by the preparation method of the polyurethane wood-like material provided by the invention has the advantages of large volume density, high thermal deformation temperature, and obviously improved Shore hardness, bending strength and compressive strength. The obtained polyurethane wood-like material is more suitable for processing and has wider application range.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein. The components or connections not specifically described in the present invention are conventional in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A polyurethane wood-like material is characterized in that: the modified polyurethane resin is prepared from a component A and a component B according to the mass ratio of (1-2) to 1, wherein the component A is a polyether composition, and the component B is a polyisocyanate composition;
the polyether composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 35-64% of combined polyether, 35-60% of modified hollow glass beads, 0-5% of plasticizer and 0.1-1% of defoaming agent, wherein the modified hollow glass beads are hollow glass beads modified by composite modifying liquid, and the composite modifying liquid is a mixed liquid of an aluminate coupling agent and Span80 in a mass ratio of 1: 1;
the polyisocyanate composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 25 to 44.9 percent of polyisocyanate, 55 to 74 percent of solid filler and 0.1 to 1 percent of defoaming agent.
2. The polyurethane wood-like material according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the hollow glass bead is 30-120 mu m; during modification, the mass percentage of the composite modification liquid to the hollow glass beads is 0.5-3%.
3. The polyurethane wood-like material according to claim 1, wherein: the combined polyether comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01-0.03% of catalyst, 3-5% of chain extender, 0.5-5% of drier, 1-5% of molecular sieve and 85-95% of mixture of at least two polyether polyols, wherein the catalyst is at least one of organic zinc catalyst, organic zirconium catalyst and organic bismuth catalyst, the chain extender is any one of 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol and sorbitol, and the drier is dibutyltin dilaurate.
4. The polyurethane wood-like material according to claim 3, wherein: the polyether polyol has a functionality of 3-5 and a hydroxyl value of 300, 400, 500 or 1000.
5. The polyurethane wood-like material according to claim 3, wherein: the drier is a Polyurethane (PU) drier T-12.
6. The polyurethane wood-like material according to claim 1, wherein: the solid filler comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of calcium carbonate, 20-50% of aluminum hydroxide, 30-70% of talcum powder and 0-2% of titanium dioxide.
7. A process for preparing the polyurethane wood-like material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the method comprises the following operation steps:
(1) preparing materials: mixing an aluminate coupling agent and Span80 according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare a composite modification liquid, carrying out modification treatment on the hollow glass microspheres by using the composite modification liquid, and then carrying out vacuum drying on the modified hollow glass microspheres and the solid filler for later use;
(2) preparing a component A: mixing the composite polyether, the modified hollow glass beads, the plasticizer and the defoaming agent in proportion and then uniformly stirring;
(3) preparing a component B: mixing polyisocyanate, solid filler and defoamer according to a proportion and then uniformly stirring;
(4) cleaning the mold, and spraying a release agent after the mold is dried;
(5) pouring and curing: firstly, mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of (1-2) to 1, then uniformly stirring under a vacuum condition, then pouring into a mold, curing at normal temperature, and standing for 5-7 days to perform subsequent machining.
8. The method for preparing the polyurethane wood-like material according to claim 7, wherein: the specific operation of the hollow glass bead modification treatment is as follows: pretreating hollow glass beads, putting the hollow glass beads into a container, adding ethyl acetate, adding 0.5-3 wt% of composite modified liquid of the hollow glass beads, refluxing and stirring for 1-3h at 60-80 ℃, removing the ethyl acetate by vacuum filtration after the reaction is finished, and drying the obtained hollow glass beads for 1-3h at 80-120 ℃ in an oven.
9. The method for preparing the polyurethane wood-like material according to claim 8, wherein: the concrete operation of the hollow glass bead pretreatment is as follows: adding a certain amount of hollow glass beads into a three-neck flask, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L, refluxing and stirring for 2 hours at 70 ℃, then cleaning with deionized water until the pH value is 7-8, carrying out vacuum filtration to remove water, and drying for 8 hours in a vacuum oven at 100 ℃.
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| CN114989597A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-02 | 中国科学技术大学 | Modification synthesis method for inhibiting internal heat generation of polyurethane material |
| CN115160976A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-11 | 广东时利和汽车材料有限公司 | High-strength low-density polyurethane structural adhesive and preparation method thereof |
| CN115873291A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-03-31 | 郑州圣莱特空心微珠新材料有限公司 | Substitute wood and preparation method thereof |
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