CN110434217B - Method for improving local anti-swelling height of complex thin-wall part in hydroforming - Google Patents
Method for improving local anti-swelling height of complex thin-wall part in hydroforming Download PDFInfo
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- CN110434217B CN110434217B CN201910806182.4A CN201910806182A CN110434217B CN 110434217 B CN110434217 B CN 110434217B CN 201910806182 A CN201910806182 A CN 201910806182A CN 110434217 B CN110434217 B CN 110434217B
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- forming
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- liquid
- die
- blank holder
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000002579 anti-swelling effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
- B21D26/031—Mould construction
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the local anti-swelling height of a complex thin-wall part in hydro-forming, belonging to the field of aerospace manufacturing. The method comprises the steps of designing and manufacturing a die, designing and manufacturing a detachable side pressing insert, installing and debugging a die tool, performing a plate liquid filling forming process, performing laser cutting on a process supplement part and the like. The method changes a local blank holder into a detachable insert design on the basis of the traditional passive liquid-filling forming method, is suitable for forming deep-cavity thin-wall parts with different depth requirements, and solves the problem that the local part is easy to crack when the parts are formed. Therefore, when the liquid is reversely expanded at the initial stage of liquid filling, the local part can reach a higher reverse expansion height, so that a large amount of plates are supplemented, and the defect that the local deformation is too large at the later stage of forming to cause overlarge thinning and even breakage is overcome. The method can be properly changed according to the material used by the plate, the plate thickness and the structural characteristics of the parts, and has good applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aerospace manufacturing, and particularly relates to a plate liquid filling forming method for a complex thin-wall deep-cavity shaped piece.
Background
With the rapid development of aerospace industry in China, the demand of some complex thin-wall aviation parts is greatly increased on the background that how to reduce the overall weight of an aircraft to the maximum extent and seek a more reasonable spatial layout becomes the central importance of the current aerospace manufacturing field. However, the traditional method has high requirements on labor, low yield and insufficient mechanization degree when forming complex thin-wall parts and some special-shaped curved surface parts, and meanwhile, the part materials are widely used in light alloys such as aluminum alloy and the like, and the requirements on the surface quality of the parts are high.
Based on the problems, the invention improves the blank holder on the basis of the traditional passive liquid-filling forming method so as to solve the problem that the part is easy to crack when forming the complex special-shaped curved surface and the thin-wall deep-cavity part. The traditional passive liquid filling forming means that a rigid female die is replaced by liquid chamber pressure, and required parts are formed under the wrapping of liquid. Although the traditional liquid-filling forming method solves the defect that the surface of a part is easily scratched in the common rigid die forming method, the local thinning rate is easier to increase in the area with excessive local deformation. The invention improves the blank holder device, changes the local blank holder into a detachable insert design, and is suitable for forming deep cavity thin-wall parts with different depth requirements. Therefore, when the reverse expansion is carried out at the initial stage of liquid filling, a higher reverse expansion height can be locally achieved, a large amount of sheet materials are supplemented, and the defect that the thinning is too large and even the sheet materials are broken due to too large local deformation at the later stage of forming is overcome. The method can be properly changed according to the material used by the plate, the plate thickness and the structural characteristics of the parts, and has good applicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The method for improving the local back expansion height of the complex thin-wall part in the hydroforming comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) and (4) mounting the forming die on a liquid-filled forming device for mounting and debugging.
(2) And installing the blank holder insert with the required specification at the specific position of the original blank holder according to the forming depth requirement.
(3) And placing the plate on a liquid chamber of the die, and positioning the plate by using a positioning device.
(4) After the preparation is finished, the blank holder moves downwards to press the plate, and the blank holder gap is ensured by a plurality of limiting blocks uniformly distributed on the die. And (5) starting the booster pump, and starting to fill the liquid into the liquid chamber until the liquid does not overflow from the edge of the liquid chamber.
(6) And in the forming starting stage, the male die descends to the surface of the plate.
(7) And (3) giving a smaller initial anti-expansion pressure, and locally anti-expanding the plate to the position of the detachable edge pressing insert.
(8) Increasing hydraulic pressure according to a set loading curve, enabling the male die to move downwards at a set speed (stroke), enabling the plate to be tightly attached to the male die under the liquid wrapping to deform, and forming the required shape.
(9) And (5) relieving pressure, opening the die and taking out the formed part.
(10) And wiping the liquid remained on the surface of the part, and cutting off redundant flanges and process supplement surfaces to obtain the final part.
The die in the step 1 is composed of a male die with a part surface, a liquid chamber, a blank holder, a detachable blank holder insert, a sealing ring and a limiting block which are matched.
The angle between the edge pressing block designed in the step 2 and the horizontal plane is preferably 10-15 degrees, when the angle is too small, the insufficient height of the position can be caused, the forming effect is further influenced, and when the angle is too large, the plate can be directly cracked in the initial anti-expansion stage.
The material used by the plate in the step 3 is 5A02 aluminum alloy, and the thickness is 1 mm.
And the blank pressing gap in the step 4 is 1.1 times of the thickness of the plate.
The method of the invention improves the edge pressing device on the basis of the traditional passive liquid filling forming technology, and the method greatly reduces the thinning rate of thin-wall parts by increasing the local anti-swelling height to supplement materials in the later forming period.
The method has stronger adaptability, and has greater reference significance in forming thin-wall parts with large local drawing ratio. For thin-wall parts with different shapes, after corresponding dies are designed, the angle and the size of the inclined surface of the blank holder insert can be adjusted according to the formed shape and depth so as to meet the forming effect requirements of different parts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a part schematic diagram of a complex thin-wall deep-cavity part formed by the method for improving the local anti-bulging height in the hydro-forming of the complex thin-wall part provided by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a cut-away view of a blank holder of a complex thin-wall deep-cavity part formed by the method for improving the local anti-swelling height in the hydro-forming of the complex thin-wall part.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a blank holder of a complex thin-wall deep-cavity part formed by the method for improving the local anti-bulging height in the hydro-forming of the complex thin-wall part.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mold tooling of a complex thin-wall deep-cavity part formed by the method for improving the local back expansion height in the hydro-forming of the complex thin-wall part provided by the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic forming diagram of a complex thin-wall deep-cavity part formed by the method for improving the local anti-bulging height in the hydro-forming of the complex thin-wall part provided by the invention.
In the figure: 1 is a part profile; 2 is a blank holder; 3 is a male die; 4 is a detachable pressure relief edge block; 5 is a sealing ring; 6 is a limiting block; 7 is a liquid inlet hole of the liquid chamber; 8 is a plate material; 9 is a liquid chamber; FP is the downward force of the male die; FB is blank holder force.
Detailed Description
The complex thin-wall special-shaped part formed by the complex thin-wall deep-cavity part formed by the method for improving the local bulging height in the hydro-forming of the complex thin-wall part provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the complex thin-wall special-shaped piece formed by the method for increasing the local bulging height in the hydro-forming of the complex thin-wall piece provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) the corresponding mold is designed according to the part profile diagram of fig. 1.
(2) After the die is installed, the corresponding edge pressing insert 4 is installed on the specific position of the edge pressing ring 2.
(3) The plate 8 is placed on the liquid chamber 9 and positioned by the positioning device.
(4) The blank holder descends, and the blank holder clearance leans on stopper 6 to guarantee.
(5) Starting the booster pump, filling liquid into the liquid chamber through the liquid inlet hole 7 of the liquid chamber until the liquid does not overflow from the edge of the liquid chamber.
(6) And (3) starting forming, descending the male die 3 to be tightly attached to the upper part of the plate 8, giving a smaller initial back expansion pressure in the liquid chamber 9 through the booster pump, and back expanding the plate 8 to be tightly attached to the edge pressing insert 4.
(7) And increasing the pressure of the liquid chamber according to a set hydraulic loading curve, simultaneously descending the male die 3 at a set speed (stroke), and tightly adhering the plate 8 to the male die to deform under the wrapping of the liquid until the required shape is formed.
(8) And (5) relieving pressure, opening the die and taking out the parts.
(9) And (4) cleaning the surface of the part obtained in the step (8), and removing the process supplement surface by using a wire cutting machine to obtain the final part.
The die in the step 1 is composed of a male die 3 with a part surface, a liquid chamber 9, a blank holder 2, a detachable blank holder insert 4, a sealing ring 5 and a limiting block 6.
The angle between the edge pressing insert 4 designed in the step 2 and the horizontal plane is preferably 10-15 degrees, when the angle is too small, the defect of the anti-expansion height at the position can be caused, the forming effect is further influenced, and when the angle is too large, the plate can be directly cracked in the anti-expansion initial stage.
The material used by the plate 8 in the step 3 is 5A02 aluminum alloy, and the thickness is 1 mm.
And the blank pressing gap in the step 4 is 1.1 times of the thickness of the plate.
The method of the invention improves the edge pressing device on the basis of the traditional passive liquid filling forming technology, and greatly reduces the thinning rate of the complex thin-wall deep cavity part by increasing the local anti-swelling height to supplement the material in the later forming stage.
The method has stronger process adaptability, and has greater reference significance when forming thin-wall parts with large local drawing ratio. For thin-wall parts with different shapes, after corresponding dies are designed, the angle and the size of the inclined surface of the blank holder insert can be adjusted according to the formed shape and depth so as to meet the forming effect requirements of different parts.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that equivalent changes, modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for improving the local back expansion height of a complex thin-wall part in hydro-forming is characterized in that: the forming method of the complex thin-walled part comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) mounting a forming die on a liquid-filling forming device for mounting and debugging;
(2) installing the blank holder insert with the required specification at a specific position of an original blank holder according to the forming depth requirement;
(3) placing the plate on a liquid chamber of the die, and positioning the plate by using a positioning device;
(4) after the preparation is finished, the blank holder descends to press the plate, and the blank holder gap is ensured by a plurality of limiting blocks uniformly distributed on the die;
(5) starting a booster pump, and starting to fill liquid into the liquid chamber until the liquid does not overflow from the edge of the liquid chamber;
(6) in the beginning stage of forming, the male die descends to the surface of the plate;
(7) giving a smaller initial reverse expansion pressure, and locally reversely expanding the plate to the position of the detachable edge pressing insert;
(8) increasing hydraulic pressure according to a set loading curve, enabling the male die to move downwards at a set speed and according to a set stroke, enabling the plate to be tightly attached to the male die under the liquid wrapping to deform until the required shape is formed;
(9) releasing pressure and opening the die, and taking out the formed part;
(10) wiping the liquid remained on the surface of the part, and cutting off redundant flanges and process supplement surfaces to obtain a final part;
the angle between the edge pressing insert and the horizontal plane is 10-15 degrees;
the material used by the plate is 5A02 aluminum alloy, and the thickness is 1 mm;
the blank pressing gap is 1.1 times of the thickness of the plate.
2. A method of increasing the localized backswelling height of a complex thin-walled part as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the die consists of a male die with a part surface, a liquid chamber, a blank holder, a detachable blank holder insert, a sealing ring and a limiting block which are matched.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910806182.4A CN110434217B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Method for improving local anti-swelling height of complex thin-wall part in hydroforming |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910806182.4A CN110434217B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Method for improving local anti-swelling height of complex thin-wall part in hydroforming |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110434217A CN110434217A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
| CN110434217B true CN110434217B (en) | 2020-08-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910806182.4A Expired - Fee Related CN110434217B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Method for improving local anti-swelling height of complex thin-wall part in hydroforming |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110434217B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111323319A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-06-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for evaluating high-speed impact hydraulic forming performance of metal plate |
| CN113020392A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Fluid medium forming die and multi-pass forming method for high-temperature alloy complex thin-wall part |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5394256A (en) * | 1977-01-28 | 1978-08-18 | Takeo Nakagawa | Bulging of thin metal plate by confront liquid pressure |
| JPS5956926A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-04-02 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Opposed liquid pressure forming method |
| CN100503073C (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2009-06-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Plate materials composite forming method |
| CN107755511A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-03-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of swelling pressure combined shaping method for thin-walled parts roundlet corner characteristics |
| CN108655248B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2019-08-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of large-sized sheet material fluid high-pressure forming machine of high-voltage power supply group parallel pressure control |
| CN109290421A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-01 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Liquid-filling shaping mold |
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| CN110434217A (en) | 2019-11-12 |
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Granted publication date: 20200804 |