CN110433220A - The method of alpha-glucosidase restrainer is extracted from longan seed - Google Patents
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- CN110433220A CN110433220A CN201910694779.4A CN201910694779A CN110433220A CN 110433220 A CN110433220 A CN 110433220A CN 201910694779 A CN201910694779 A CN 201910694779A CN 110433220 A CN110433220 A CN 110433220A
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/77—Sapindaceae (Soapberry family), e.g. lychee or soapberry
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- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
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- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/55—Liquid-liquid separation; Phase separation
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Abstract
The method that the invention discloses a kind of to extract alpha-glucosidase restrainer from longan seed, comprising the following steps: dry, pulverize longan seed；The ethanol solution water-bath that volumetric concentration is 60%~80% is added in resulting longan seed powder to extract, bath temperature is 50~80 DEG C, and extraction time is 1~3 hour；Extracting solution is dry, obtain longan seed alcohol extracting thing；Longan seed alcohol extracting thing is dissolved in the water, is successively extracted with petroleum ether, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, is concentrated and dried after acetic acid ethyl acetate extract and butanol extraction liquid are merged, obtains alpha-glucosidase restrainer.Longan seed source alpha-glucosidase restrainer is extracted using the method for the present invention, the advantages that active high, low in raw material price and simple process, there is huge potentiality to be exploited.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods for extracting and preparing alpha-glucosidase restrainer from longan fruit stone.
Background technique
Diabetes (Diabetes mellitus) are a kind of chronic metabolic diseases as caused by a variety of heredity or environmental factor
Disease, it has also become the eighth-largest cause of the death in the whole world.Hyperglycemia is one of typical clinical symptom of diabetes, and the patient of long term hyperglycemia is easy
Cause various complication, such as cardiovascular disease, nephrosis, eye illness and the nervous system disease.Alpha-glucosidase is located at intestinal cell
On the skin covering of the surface on brush boundary, releases glucose from the non-reducing end of sugar, directly affect blood sugar concentration in human body.α-Portugal
Polyglycoside enzyme inhibitor can improve postprandial hyperglycemia by inhibiting glucose to flow into blood vessel from enteron aisle, this is considered as that treatment is high
The available strategy of blood glucose.
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) also known as longan, Sapindaceae longan platymiscium are rich in
The natural active matters such as polysaccharide, polyphenol, have the various functions such as lipid-loweringing, anti-oxidant, anti-aging, pre- anti-cancer, and China's distribution is wide
It is general, it is favored by people.The longan seed for accounting for longan fruit fresh weight 17% is largely discarded due to not being utilized effectively, and is caused
The serious wasting of resources.It was found that containing a large amount of Polyphenols organic compound in longan seed, content is higher than longan pulp and dragon
Eye shell, these substances have significant anti-oxidation efficacy, and have good medical value, such as: it is antimycotic, anti-inflammatory,
With huge potentiality to be exploited.
Longan seed is less to the research of alpha-glucosaccharase enzyme inhibition activity at present, and water, ethyl alcohol, methanol is mostly used to extract greatly
The alpha-glucosidase restrainer of longan seed, e.g., 2008102199419 invention " extracting method of active substance in longan seeds "
It informs: taking longan seed 50g, be dipped in 250mL distilled water the 1h that flows back, take supernatant；250mL distilled water is added into filter residue
Continue the 1h that flows back, takes supernatant.Merge 85% alcohol steep of supernatant twice, leaching liquor is concentrated to get living in longan seed
Property substance.Resulting inhibitor complicated component and activity it is lower.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind to extract alpha-glucosidase restrainer by raw material of longan seed
Method, have the characteristics that material source wide, simple process, activity are high.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of to extract alpha-glucosidase restrainer from longan seed
Method, comprising the following steps:
1), pre-treatment:
Longan seed is dry (longan fruit stone picks after meat cleans, dry), it crushes, obtains longan seed powder；
2) it, extracts:
According to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g/10~30ml, it is molten that the ethyl alcohol that volumetric concentration is 60%~80% is added in longan seed powder
Liquid water-bath is extracted, and bath temperature is 50~80 DEG C, and extraction time is 1~3 hour；
Resulting liquid (extracting solution) drying will be extracted, longan seed alcohol extracting thing is obtained；
3), fractional extraction:
Longan seed alcohol extracting thing is dissolved in the water, alcohol extract aqueous solution is obtained；
Alcohol extract aqueous solution is successively extracted with petroleum ether, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, by acetic acid second
Ester extract liquor and butanol extraction liquid are concentrated and dried after merging, and obtain alpha-glucosidase restrainer.
Improvement as the method for the invention for extracting alpha-glucosidase restrainer from longan seed:
In the step 3), according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g/8~10ml, longan seed alcohol extracting thing is dissolved in the water, alcohol extracting is obtained
Object aqueous solution.
As the further improvements in methods of the invention for extracting alpha-glucosidase restrainer from longan seed:
In the step 3),
The extraction times of petroleum ether are 1~3 time, and every time when extraction, the dosage of petroleum ether is alcohol extract aqueous solution 1.5-2.5
Volume times；
The extraction times of methylene chloride are 1~3 time, and every time when extraction, the dosage of methylene chloride is alcohol extract aqueous solution
1.5-2.5 volume times；
The extraction times of ethyl acetate are 1~3 time, and every time when extraction, the dosage of ethyl acetate is alcohol extract aqueous solution
1.5-2.5 volume times；
The extraction times of n-butanol are 1~3 time, and every time when extraction, the dosage of n-butanol is alcohol extract aqueous solution 1.5-2.5
Volume times.
Using method of the invention, alpha-glucosidase restrainer yield is greater than 3.00 ‰, IC50Value is less than 4.50 μ g/
ML, in 5 μ g/mL, inhibiting rate is greater than 60.00%.The measuring method of alpha-glucosaccharase enzyme inhibition activity is conventional colorimetric method
(IC50Refer to the inhibitor concentration that alpha-glucosaccharase enzyme inhibition rate reaches 50%).
The present invention has the advantage that
(1) present invention turns waste into wealth using longan seed as raw material, low in raw material price, and the phlorose in longan seed source
The more other alpha-glucosidase restrainers of glycosides enzyme inhibitor have many advantages, such as health, it is safe, have a good application prospect.
(2) present invention is extracted using organic solvent, the method for fractional extraction prepares alpha-glucosidase suppression from longan seed
System, inhibitor obtained have very strong alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect, IC50Less than 4.50 μ g/mL, yield is greater than value
3.00‰。
In conclusion the present invention purifies the function with alpha-glucosaccharase enzyme inhibition activity in longan seed by fractional extraction
Substance is imitated, active more reported longan seed source alpha-glucosidase restrainer significantly increases, and is generally higher than known from it
The alpha-glucosidase restrainer extracted in his plant, such as: glycyrrhizic acid extracts waste liquid IC50For 0.1529mg/mL, artemisia selengensis root second
The IC of acetoacetic ester phase50For 2.85mg/mL etc..Therefore, longan seed source alpha-glucosidase restrainer is extracted using the method for the present invention,
The advantages that active high, low in raw material price and simple process, there is huge potentiality to be exploited.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1, a kind of method that alpha-glucosidase restrainer is extracted from longan seed, successively follow the steps below:
1), pre-treatment:
Longan fruit stone pick meat clean dry taken (until extremely, no longer dripping) it is above-mentioned clean dry after longan seed 400g in
70 DEG C drying to constant weight, was crushed to the sieve of 100 mesh, obtains longan seed powder；
2) it, extracts:
According to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g:20mL, the ethanol solution water-bath that volumetric concentration is 70% is added in longan seed powder and extracts,
Bath temperature is 70 DEG C, is extracted 2 hours under stirring condition, and by extracting solution, drying to constant weight in 70 DEG C, obtains about 22.4g longan seed
Alcohol extracting thing.
3), fractional extraction:
22.4g longan seed alcohol extracting thing is dissolved in 200mL water (that is, solid-liquid ratio is about 1g/8.92ml), obtains alcohol extract
Aqueous solution；
2 times is respectively successively extracted with petroleum ether, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol to alcohol extract aqueous solution, specifically such as
Under:
1., in alcohol extract aqueous solution be added 400mL petroleum ether extracted, above-mentioned petroleum ether is repeated to gained water phase
Extraction 1 time (petroleum ether dosage is 400mL)；
2., after step 1. resulting petroleum ether extraction in water phase be added 400mL methylene chloride extracted, to gained water
Above-mentioned methylene chloride is mutually repeated to extract 1 time；
3., after the step 2. extraction of resulting methylene chloride the extraction of 400mL ethyl acetate is added in water phase, to gained water phase
Above-mentioned ethyl acetate is repeated to extract 1 time；
Resulting organic phase merges when by the extraction of each ethyl acetate, obtains acetic acid ethyl acetate extract；
4., 400mL n-butanol be added in water phase after the step 3. extraction of resulting ethyl acetate extracted, to gained water
Mutually repeat above-mentioned extracting n-butyl alcohol 1 time；
Resulting organic phase merges when by each extracting n-butyl alcohol, obtains butanol extraction liquid；
4), acetic acid ethyl acetate extract, butanol extraction liquid are concentrated and dried (drying to constant weight in 70 DEG C) after merging, obtain α-
Glucosidase inhibitor 1.30g, yield are 3.25 ‰, IC50Value is 4.38 μ g/mL.
The concentration of 1 step 2) ethanol solution of embodiment is changed to 80% by 70% by embodiment 2；Remaining is equal to embodiment
1。
Embodiment 3-1, the solid-liquid ratio in 1 step 2) of embodiment is changed to 1g/30mL by 1g/20mL；Remaining is equal to reality
Apply example 1.
Embodiment 3-2, the solid-liquid ratio in 1 step 2) of embodiment is changed to 1g/10mL by 1g/20mL；Remaining is equal to reality
Apply example 1.
Embodiment 4-1, the extraction time in 1 step 2) of embodiment is changed to 1h by 2h；Remaining is equal to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4-2, the extraction time in 1 step 2) of embodiment is changed to 3h by 2h；Remaining is equal to embodiment 1.
Bath temperature in 1 step 2) of embodiment is changed to 80 DEG C by 70 DEG C by embodiment 5；Remaining is equal to embodiment 1.
Longan seed alcohol extracting thing will be dissolved in 200mL water in 1 step 3) of embodiment and is changed to 220mL water by embodiment 6
In；Remaining is equal to embodiment 1.
It is embodiment 7, each dosage of petroleum ether, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol in 1 step 3) of embodiment is equal
350mL is changed to by 400mL；Remaining is equal to embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8 will successively use petroleum ether, methylene chloride, acetic acid second to alcohol extract aqueous solution in 1 step 3) of embodiment
The number that ester, n-butanol respectively extract is changed to 3 times by 2 times；Remaining is equal to embodiment 1.
To alpha-glucosidase when yield, the inhibitor solubility of above-mentioned case alpha-glucosidase restrainer are 5 μ g/mL
Inhibiting rate is described in table 1 below:
Table 1
| Yield (‰) | Inhibiting rate (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 3.25‰ | 61.80% |
| Embodiment 2 | 3.04‰ | 60.41% |
| Embodiment 3-1 | 3.21‰ | 60.23% |
| Embodiment 3-2 | 3.08‰ | 62.05% |
| Embodiment 4-1 | 3.01‰ | 61.51% |
| Embodiment 4-2 | 3.22‰ | 62.35% |
| Embodiment 5 | 3.21‰ | 60.92% |
| Embodiment 6 | 3.15‰ | 61.67% |
| Embodiment 7 | 3.27‰ | 60.92% |
| Embodiment 8 | 3.36‰ | 62.32% |
Comparative example 1, by 1 step 3) of embodiment " to alcohol extract aqueous solution successively use petroleum ether, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate,
N-butanol respectively extracts 2 times " it is changed to " successively respectively being extracted 2 times with ethyl acetate, n-butanol to solution of extract "；Remaining is equal to
Embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2-1, the concentration of 1 step 2) ethanol solution of embodiment is changed to 40% by 70%；Remaining is equal to implementation
Example 1.
Comparative example 2-2, the concentration of 1 step 2) ethanol solution of embodiment is changed to 90% by 70%；Remaining is equal to implementation
Example 1.
Longan seed alcohol extracting thing will be dissolved in 200mL water in 1 step 3) of embodiment and is changed to 100mL water by comparative example 3
In；Remaining is equal to embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4, by 1 step 3) of embodiment, when extraction, petroleum ether, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol it is every
Secondary dosage is changed to 200mL by 400mL；Remaining is equal to embodiment 1.
Comparative example 5 will successively use solution of extract 400mL petroleum ether, methylene chloride, second in 1 step 3) of embodiment
Acetoacetic ester, n-butanol respectively extract 2 times and are changed to only each extraction 1 time；Remaining is equal to embodiment 1.
To alpha-glucosidase when yield, the inhibitor solubility of above-mentioned case alpha-glucosidase restrainer are 5 μ g/mL
Inhibiting rate, the comparison with embodiment 1, is described in table 2 below:
Table 2
| Yield (‰) | Inhibiting rate (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 3.25‰ | 61.80% |
| Comparative example 1 | 3.40‰ | 46.03% |
| Comparative example 2-1 | 2.78‰ | 48.45% |
| Comparative example 2-2 | 2.93‰ | 47.72% |
| Comparative example 3 | 2.64‰ | 50.51% |
| Comparative example 4 | 2.22‰ | 48.57% |
| Comparative example 5 | 2.13‰ | 46.32% |
Comparative example 6, according to 2008102199419 invention " extracting method of active substance in longan seeds ", gained α-Portugal
It is 72.55% to alpha-glucosaccharase enzyme inhibition rate when polyglycoside enzyme inhibitor solubility is 5mg/mL, present invention gained phlorose
Glycosides enzyme inhibitor is under the same concentrations, and inhibiting rate is close to 100%.
And the present invention gained alpha-glucosidase restrainer concentration be 5 μ g/mL when, alpha-glucosaccharase enzyme inhibition rate is greater than
60.00%, 2008102199419 gained alpha-glucosidase restrainer of patent under the same concentrations inhibiting rate close to 0.
The above list is only a few specific embodiments of the present invention for finally, it should also be noted that.Obviously, this hair
Bright to be not limited to above embodiments, acceptable there are many deformations.Those skilled in the art can be from present disclosure
All deformations for directly exporting or associating, are considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. extracting the method for alpha-glucosidase restrainer from longan seed, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1), pre-treatment:
Longan seed dry, pulverize, obtain longan seed powder；
2) it, extracts:
According to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g/10~30ml, the ethanol solution water that volumetric concentration is 60%~80% is added in longan seed powder
Bath is extracted, and bath temperature is 50~80 DEG C, and extraction time is 1~3 hour；
Extracting solution is dry, obtain longan seed alcohol extracting thing；
3), fractional extraction:
Longan seed alcohol extracting thing is dissolved in the water, alcohol extract aqueous solution is obtained；
Alcohol extract aqueous solution is successively extracted with petroleum ether, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, ethyl acetate is extracted
It is concentrated and dried after taking liquid and butanol extraction liquid to merge, obtains alpha-glucosidase restrainer.
2. the method according to claim 1 for extracting alpha-glucosidase restrainer from longan seed, it is characterised in that:
In the step 3), according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1g/8~10ml, longan seed alcohol extracting thing is dissolved in the water, obtains alcohol extract water
Solution.
3. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for extracting alpha-glucosidase restrainer from longan seed, feature exist
In:
In the step 3),
The extraction times of petroleum ether are 1~3 time, and every time when extraction, the dosage of petroleum ether is 1.5~2.5 body of alcohol extract aqueous solution
Product times；
The extraction times of methylene chloride are 1~3 time, every time when extraction, the dosage of methylene chloride be alcohol extract aqueous solution 1.5~
2.5 volumes times；
The extraction times of ethyl acetate are 1~3 time, every time when extraction, the dosage of ethyl acetate be alcohol extract aqueous solution 1.5~
2.5 volumes times；
The extraction times of n-butanol are 1~3 time, and every time when extraction, the dosage of n-butanol is 1.5~2.5 body of alcohol extract aqueous solution
Product times.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107987177A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | A kind of isolation and purification method of hypoglycemic Arillus longan polysaccharide |
| CN109646516A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 广西中医药大学 | The extraction separation method of longan leaf blood-sugar-lowering effective parts active constituent |
| CN109646514A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 广西中医药大学 | Longan leaf extract and the preparation method and application thereof |
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- 2019-07-30 CN CN201910694779.4A patent/CN110433220A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109646516A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 广西中医药大学 | The extraction separation method of longan leaf blood-sugar-lowering effective parts active constituent |
| CN109646514A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 广西中医药大学 | Longan leaf extract and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107987177A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | A kind of isolation and purification method of hypoglycemic Arillus longan polysaccharide |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 李雪华等: "龙眼核的化学成分研究 ", 《华中科技大学学报(医学版)》 * |
| 贤景春等: "龙眼核提取物的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性体外实验的研究", 《食品科技》 * |
| 黄儒强等: "龙眼核提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用的研究", 《现代食品科技》 * |
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Application publication date: 20191112 |