CN110429966B - Offshore floating type communication relay system based on distributed reception and communication method thereof - Google Patents
Offshore floating type communication relay system based on distributed reception and communication method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
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- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
- H04B7/15528—Control of operation parameters of a relay station to exploit the physical medium
- H04B7/15542—Selecting at relay station its transmit and receive resources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18532—Arrangements for managing transmission, i.e. for transporting data or a signalling message
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
- H04B7/18558—Arrangements for managing communications, i.e. for setting up, maintaining or releasing a call between stations
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a maritime floating type communication relay system based on distributed reception and a communication method thereof, which integrate various communication systems such as underwater acoustic communication, electromagnetic wave communication and the like, can receive data returned by an above-water or underwater observation platform and forward the data to a land server, and provides a maritime communication relay system with low power consumption, wide area and high reliability. The system structurally comprises: the distributed receiving antenna is arranged in an antenna support on the upper portion of the floating body, connected with the data processing and control module through an antenna feeder line arranged in the main support, and the bottom of the floating body is provided with a miniaturized hydrophone for receiving underwater acoustic signals. A soft decoding scheme based on multipath distributed transparent hard decision reception is adopted in a decoding scheme of the data processing and control module, so that Rayleigh fading and multipath effects in maritime wireless communication can be effectively resisted, and the packet loss rate and the data error rate are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine observation information communication, in particular to a marine floating type communication relay system capable of realizing long-distance transmission and based on distributed reception.
Background
With the promotion of the national ocean development strategy, the ocean economic activity is increased, the exploration on the ocean and the requirement on the ocean ecological environment monitoring are increased, the ocean unmanned observation means mainly takes a floating platform as a main part, the observation data return mode is mainly realized through a satellite in the deep and far ocean, and the offshore bank is mainly communicated through a commercial cellular network. However, the conventional offshore floating platform still faces many problems in the ocean observation process, such as: (1) satellite communication is expensive, expensive to use, and difficult to deploy in a large scale. (2) Cellular network communication is limited by a specific electromagnetic environment of the ocean, transmission paths are complex and changeable and have randomness, and signals are also influenced by Rayleigh fading and shadow effects caused by multipath transmission. In addition, the floating communication platform is mostly powered by a battery, the transmitting power is limited, and the transmission distance of electromagnetic waves is limited. (3) The communication system is single, and a plurality of platforms cannot be effectively networked to realize the joint observation of a specific sea area.
The communication technology is a bottleneck for restricting the development of the ocean observation technology. In order to solve the fading effect in the offshore wireless communication, improve the wireless communication quality and increase the transmission distance, the traditional mode of increasing the transmitting power and increasing the size and height of the antenna is unrealistic on the offshore floating communication platform. The diversity technology is taken as a key measure of channel fading loss, and the basic idea is as follows: the multiple copies carrying the same information are received through multiple channels, and because signals are transmitted in different channels, fading of the multiple copies of the signals cannot be the same, so that correlation of different copies of the same signal is small, and a receiver performs combination processing on different copy signals according to a certain rule to increase a receiving signal-to-noise ratio of a system, so that reliability of system transmission can be improved. The diversity technique is divided into three categories by time domain, frequency domain and space domain: time diversity, frequency domain diversity and space diversity, and the space diversity technology has the advantages of fully utilizing the system space domain, overcoming multipath fading and obtaining diversity gain under the condition of ensuring the same transmission rate.
The prior art and system have the following disadvantages and shortcomings:
at present, a receiving and sending mode of a single communication antenna is mostly adopted in an offshore wireless communication platform, and the receiving end signals have the defects of high packet loss rate and poor transmission performance. In the solution of improving transmission quality by adding channel coding, the channel coding can detect and correct a part of errors, but when fading and multipath are severe, improvement performance is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing offshore floating observation platform and single-antenna offshore wireless communication relay platform in practical application, the invention adopts a offshore floating communication system based on distributed reception, solves the fading and multipath influence of the offshore wireless communication environment on signals through the diversity technology of time domain and space domain, combines with the emerging low power consumption long distance (LoRa) technology, realizes the high-quality reception of the signals under the condition of smaller transmission power, and increases the transmission distance.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a maritime floating type communication relay system based on distributed reception, which comprises a mechanical subsystem, a communication subsystem and a power subsystem; the mechanical subsystem comprises a floating body, the floating body is provided with an instrument cabin for installing equipment, a detachable cabin cover is arranged at a hatch of the instrument cabin, a water-tight connecting device is arranged at the upper part of the floating body, and the bottom of the water-tight connecting device is positioned in the instrument cabin; the bottom of the floating body is provided with a floating body balance weight rod, an anchor chain hanging ring and a hydrophone fixing frame, and the bottom end of the hydrophone fixing frame is fixed with a hydrophone; a main supporting bracket is arranged above the floating body and consists of four groups of supporting rods; an antenna bracket is arranged at the top of the column supporting bracket, an antenna mounting seat is arranged above the antenna bracket, and a distributed receiving antenna and a mobile communication or satellite communication antenna are mounted on the antenna mounting seat; the lower part of the antenna bracket is connected with the main supporting bracket; the solar cell panel support is arranged at the top of the water-tight connecting device and positioned at the lower part of the main support bracket, and the bottom of the main support bracket extends into the instrument cabin and is fixed with the floating body through a flange plate; the antenna support and the main support are both of hollow tubular structures, internal channels of the antenna support and the main support are communicated, and an antenna feeder line penetrates through the antenna support and the main support to the instrument cabin; the communication subsystem adopts a system with a plurality of communication systems integrated, and realizes low-power consumption long-distance wireless communication, mobile communication, satellite communication and underwater acoustic communication; receiving data information sent by communication nodes on the sea surface and under the sea surface through a distributed receiving antenna and a hydrophone, and forwarding the data information to an onshore monitoring center through a mobile communication network or a satellite communication network after primary processing; the antenna feeder line penetrates through the internal channels of the antenna support and the main support and is connected with a communication front-end module arranged in the instrument cabin, and the hydrophone feeder line is accessed into the instrument cabin from the outside through a watertight adapter.
Furthermore, in the offshore floating communication relay system based on distributed reception, the communication subsystem comprises a radio frequency front-end module, a satellite positioning module, a mobile/satellite communication module, an underwater acoustic communication unit and a data processing and control module; the data processing and controlling module decodes, formats, codes and stores the data, and controls and accesses other modules; wherein, the data processing adopts a soft decoding mode based on multi-path distributed transparent hard decision reception, and the data processing and control module comprises: the device comprises a data aggregation unit, a soft information generation unit, a channel decoding unit and a central processing unit; the wireless radio frequency front-end module adopts distributed reception, is externally connected with a distributed receiving antenna, receives data sent by sea surface observation equipment and transmits the data to the data processing and control module; the satellite positioning module supports GPS positioning or Beidou positioning, and selects a working mode according to requirements; the satellite positioning module is connected with the satellite positioning antenna, receives data request information of a central processing unit of the data processing and control module and returns positioning information; the mobile/satellite communication module is externally connected with a mobile communication or satellite communication antenna and forwards data to the shore server through a mobile communication network or a satellite communication network; the underwater acoustic communication unit is connected with the hydrophone, demodulates the received underwater acoustic signals and transmits the data to the data processing and control module for processing.
The power subsystem comprises a solar cell panel, a solar charging controller, a DC-DC power conversion module and a battery module; the top of the water tightness connecting device is connected with a solar cell panel, and the bottom of the water tightness connecting device is connected with the solar charging controller; the solar charging controller charges the battery module and supplies power to the equipment through the DC-DC power conversion module, and the battery module serves as a standby power supply to supply power to the equipment.
The invention relates to a data processing method of a maritime floating type communication relay system based on distributed reception, which comprises the following steps:
step one, n distributed receiving antennas and hydrophones respectively receive data packet signals sent by transmitting nodes on the sea surface and under the sea surface, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
secondly, transmitting signals received by the hydrophone to the underwater acoustic communication unit, transmitting the signals to the central processing unit after primary processing, editing information by the central processing unit, and transmitting the information through the mobile/satellite communication module;
thirdly, the distributed receiving antenna transmits the received data packet to a corresponding communication front-end module, and the data packet is forwarded through the mobile/satellite communication module after being processed by the data aggregation unit, the soft information generation unit, the channel decoding unit and the central processing unit; in the process, the central processing unit respectively processes the data packets received on the sea surface and under the sea surface according to the arrival time sequence of the signals, and the newly arrived signals are put into the buffer area to wait in the processing process.
Further, the specific treatment process of the third step is as follows:
3-1, receiving data packet signals sent by the same transmitting node by adopting a distributed receiving antenna, respectively transmitting the data packet signals to respective communication front-end modules, demodulating the signals and outputting hard decision data frames;
3-2, aligning, converging and merging the multi-channel hard decision data frames output in the step 3-1 by a data converging unit, wherein the multi-channel hard decision data frames comprise a frame of hard decision data frames received by n distributed nodes which are stored by n caches, and when packet loss occurs to the data frames, zero filling operation is carried out on response positions, so that the frame number information is consistent with the current data frame;
3-3, the soft information generating unit carries out soft decision information mapping on the data frames output by the converging unit in the step 3-2 and subjected to converging and combining processing;
3-4, the channel decoding unit selects a soft-decision decoding method according to the error correcting code scheme adopted by the transmitting end, soft-decision decoding is carried out by using the soft information processed and output by the soft information generating unit in the step 3-3, and multi-path diversity gain and coding gain are obtained in the decoding process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention solves the problems of signal fading and multipath influence caused by the maritime wireless communication environment through the time domain and space domain diversity technology, realizes high-quality signal receiving under the condition of smaller transmitting power, and increases the transmission distance.
(2) The invention integrates various communication systems on water and under water, solves the requirements of long-distance transmission and networking of the offshore floating observation platform, and realizes aerial multi-path diversity reception and underwater data reception and forwarding.
(3) The invention has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, long transmission distance, rapid arrangement and stable performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall design and operation of a communication relay system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a design drawing of the surface hatch cover, flanges and watertight connectors of the floating body according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the mounting position of the antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the communication subsystem connections of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the power subsystem connections of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a soft decoding method based on multi-path distributed transparent hard decision reception according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a floating body, 2-a main support bracket, 3-an antenna bracket, 4-a solar panel bracket, 5-a floating body balance weight rod, 6-an anchor chain hanging ring, 7-an instrument cabin, 8-a distributed receiving antenna, 9-a solar panel, 10-a water tight connecting device, 11-a hatch, 12, 13-a flange plate, 14-a mobile communication or satellite communication antenna, 15-a satellite positioning antenna, 16-a hydrophone fixing frame and 17-a hydrophone.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Fig. 1 shows the overall design and working principle diagram of a maritime floating type communication relay system based on distributed reception. The offshore floating communication relay system based on distributed reception provides data access service for other offshore observation platforms and forwards data to a land server.
The offshore floating communication relay system based on distributed reception mainly comprises three subsystems: mechanical subsystem, communication subsystem, power subsystem.
As shown in fig. 1, the mechanical subsystem is mainly characterized in that the appearance adopts a miniaturized and simplified design. The mechanical subsystem comprises a floating body 1, a main support bracket 2, an antenna bracket 3, a solar cell panel bracket 4, a floating body balance weight rod 5, an anchor chain hanging ring 6 and a hydrophone fixing frame 16. The shell of the floating body 1 is made of metal materials, for example, steel materials are adopted for processing, the surface of the floating body 1 is coated with anti-corrosion materials, for example, anti-corrosion polyurea, the upper half part of the floating body 1 is cylindrical, the lower half part of the floating body 1 is truncated cone-shaped, the inner layer and the outer layer are double-layered, and the middle is filled with buoyancy materials; an instrument cabin 7 capable of installing equipment is arranged in the floating body 1, and a battery, a charging controller and a communication control panel can be installed in the instrument cabin 7; as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a design diagram of the upper surface of the floating body, the right middle of the floating body 1 is a hatch 11 of the instrument chamber 7, the outer edge of the hatch 11 protrudes outwards to be designed into a flange 12 for installing a detachable hatch cover, and a sealing ring is designed on the flange; four flange plates 13 used for fixing the bracket are designed, the center of each flange plate is provided with a through hole, and a steel pipe of the bracket can directly enter the instrument cabin 7 of the floating body 1 through the through holes; the upper part of the floating body 1 is provided with three water-tightness connecting devices 10, the bottoms of the water-tightness connecting devices 10 are positioned in the instrument cabin 7, and the three water-tightness connecting devices 10 are used for supplying power to the inside of the solar cell panel 9, reading internal instrument data and accessing a hydrophone transmission line; meanwhile, the floating body balance weight rod 5, the anchor chain hanging ring 6 and the hydrophone fixing frame 16 are all arranged at the bottom of the floating body 1. The floating body balance weight rod 5 and the floating body are welded into a whole and used for hanging a weight; the anchor chain hanging ring 6 is used for connecting an anchor chain; a hydrophone fixing frame 16 is welded at the bottom of the floating body balance weight rod 5, and a hydrophone 17 is fixed at the bottom end of the hydrophone fixing frame 16; the main support bracket 2 is arranged above the floating body 1, in the embodiment, the main support bracket 2 is composed of four groups of support rods, the bottom of the main support bracket 2 extends into the instrument chamber 7, and the contact surface of the main support bracket 2 and the floating body 1 is fixed through a flange. The main support bracket 2 supports the solar cell panel bracket 4 and the antenna bracket 3, the antenna bracket 3 adopts a circular ring structure, the lower part of the antenna bracket is connected with the main support bracket 2, and an antenna mounting seat is arranged above the antenna bracket; the antenna support 3 and the main support 2 both adopt hollow tubular structures, internal channels of the antenna support 3 and the main support 2 are communicated, and an antenna feeder can penetrate through the interiors of the antenna support 3 and the main support 2 to the instrument chamber 7, so that effective protection of a communication cable is realized. In the embodiment, the main support bracket 2 and the antenna bracket 3 are designed by steel pipes, which not only play a supporting role, but also serve as a threading pipe of the antenna feeder line, and the specific implementation mode is that the main support bracket 3 is composed of four steel pipes, the upper parts of the steel pipes are connected with the antenna bracket 2 in a welding mode, and an internal through hole is reserved at the cross part for the wiring connection of the antenna feeder line, so that hidden wiring is realized, and the corrosion of the marine environment on the antenna feeder line is prevented; the bottom steel pipe of the main support bracket 3 directly extends into the instrument cabin 7 of the floating body 1, a flange is welded at a certain upward position at the bottom of the steel pipe and is fixedly butted with a flange 13 on the outer side of the floating body, and a sealing ring is designed on the flange. And a solar panel mounting bracket 4 is welded in the middle of the main support bracket 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the antenna mounting base is provided with a distributed receiving antenna 8 and a mobile communication or satellite communication antenna 14; the lower part of the antenna bracket 3 is connected with the main supporting bracket 2; a solar panel support 4 is positioned at the lower part of the main support frame 2 and on top of the water tight connection device 10. Fig. 3 is a plan view of antenna installation in a floating-on-sea communication relay system based on distributed reception, where n is 4, that is, four distributed reception antennas 8 are installed in the communication system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the antenna installation may further include: a mobile communication or satellite communication antenna 14, a satellite positioning antenna 15; the distributed receiving antennas 8 are uniformly arranged on the antenna bracket 3; the antennas are all designed to be detachably mounted, and the corresponding mounting positions are designed with standard M16 threaded holes, so that the mounting types of the antennas can be adjusted according to actual requirements; the feeder line of the distributed communication antenna enters an instrument cabin 7 in the floating body 1 through the antenna support frame 3 and the main support bracket 2. It is particularly emphasized that the number of distributed receiving antennas 8 in the present invention is only required to be greater than 2 groups of antennas, and the number of struts used does not need to correspond to the number of distributed receiving antennas one to one.
Through the structural design obtained by the aid of the figures 1, 2 and 3, the appearance of the floating platform is simple and attractive, and signal routing outside the cabin is avoided as much as possible. The design is compact, and the processing degree of difficulty is lower relatively, and it has the scalability of function and the convenience of equipment fixing, maintenance simultaneously. The characteristics determine that the platform has lower production and deployment cost and is suitable for large-scale industrialization.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the communication subsystem adopts a system with a fusion of multiple communication systems, and implements low power consumption long distance (LoRa) wireless communication, mobile communication, satellite communication and underwater acoustic communication; the LoRa communication adopts a distributed receiving antenna 8 for communicating with other ocean floating observation platforms, and the full diversity coding scheme designed in the communication method provided by the invention can effectively improve the communication distance and can reach 2-4 times of that of the traditional technology; the collected data are subjected to primary processing and then forwarded to a monitoring center server on the land through the mobile communication or satellite communication. In the embodiment, four paths of distributed antennas 8 are arranged at the top of the antenna bracket 3 at certain intervals, and a mobile communication or satellite communication antenna and a satellite positioning antenna are also respectively arranged at the top of the antenna bracket 3; the underwater acoustic communication comprises an underwater acoustic communication unit and a hydrophone 17, wherein the hydrophone 17 is arranged below the floating body 1 and is connected to the underwater acoustic communication unit in the floating body instrument cabin 7 by adopting a multi-core shielding twisted pair; the antenna feeder installed on the antenna bracket 3 passes through the antenna bracket) and the internal channel of the main support bracket 2 are connected with a communication front-end module arranged in the instrument chamber 7, the communication front-end module is connected with an antenna and a data processing and storing module, and the hydrophone feeder is accessed from the outside through a watertight adapter in the instrument chamber 7. In the invention, data information sent by communication nodes on the sea surface and under the sea surface is received through the distributed receiving antenna 8 and the hydrophone 17, and is forwarded to an onshore monitoring center through a mobile communication network or a satellite communication network after being subjected to primary processing.
Fig. 4 is a hardware connection diagram of a communication subsystem in a maritime floating communication relay system based on distributed reception, wherein the communication subsystem is divided into the following parts in terms of hardware components: the system mainly comprises an LoRa wireless radio frequency front-end module, a satellite positioning module, a mobile/satellite communication module, an underwater acoustic communication unit and a data processing and control module. The data processing and controlling module decodes, formats, codes and stores the data, and controls and accesses other modules; wherein, the data processing adopts a soft decoding mode based on multi-path distributed transparent hard decision reception, and the data processing and control module comprises: the device comprises a data aggregation unit, a soft information generation unit, a channel decoding unit and a central processing unit; the LoRa wireless radio frequency front-end module adopts distributed reception, is externally connected with a distributed receiving antenna 8, receives data sent by sea surface observation equipment and transmits the data to the data processing and control module; the satellite positioning module supports GPS positioning or Beidou positioning, can select a working mode according to requirements, is externally connected with a satellite positioning antenna 15, and adopts the working principle of receiving data request information of the central processing module and returning positioning information; the mobile/satellite communication module is externally connected with a mobile communication or satellite communication antenna 14, and can forward data to an onshore server through a mobile communication operator network or a satellite network; the underwater acoustic communication unit is connected with the hydrophone 17, and is used for performing primary processing on the received underwater acoustic signals and transmitting data to the data processing and control module for processing.
Fig. 5 is a connection diagram of a power subsystem in a distributed reception-based maritime floating communication system, where the power subsystem includes a solar cell panel 9, a water-tight power connector 10, a battery module, a solar charging controller, and a DC-DC power conversion module, as shown in fig. 5, where a solid line represents a positive power line, and a dotted line represents a negative power line; the power subsystem comprises 3 24V/25W solar panels, and as shown in FIG. 1, a solar panel 9 is fixed on a solar panel support 4; the solar cell panel 9 is connected to a watertight connector 10 on the upper part of the floating body 1, the bottom of the watertight connector 10 is positioned inside an instrument cabin 7 of the floating body 1 and is connected to a solar charging controller, and the charging controller controls to charge a battery module (storage battery) and supplies power to a load through a DC-DC power supply conversion module; the specification of the storage battery is 12V/20AH, and the storage battery can meet the requirement of one-week power supply of the system when no solar power supply exists; the power supply of the load arranged in the instrument cabin 7 can be controlled by plugging and unplugging the watertight connector outside the cabin.
The communication subsystem processes the received data by:
step one, the distributed receiving antenna 8 and the hydrophone 17 respectively receive data packet signals sent by transmitting nodes on the sea surface and under the sea surface.
And step two, transmitting the signals received by the hydrophone 17 to an underwater acoustic communication unit, transmitting the signals to a central processing unit after primary processing, editing the information by the central processing unit, and transmitting the information through a mobile/satellite communication module.
And step three, the distributed receiving antenna 8 transmits the received data packet to a corresponding communication front-end module, and the data packet is forwarded through the mobile/satellite communication module after being processed by the data aggregation unit, the soft information generation unit, the channel decoding unit and the central processing unit.
In the process, the central processing unit respectively processes the data packets received on the sea surface and under the sea surface according to the arrival time sequence of the signals, and the newly arrived signals are put into the buffer area to wait in the processing process.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a soft decoding method based on multi-path distributed transparent hard decision reception adopted in step three of the communication method of the maritime floating communication system based on distributed reception. The method mainly comprises the following processing steps:
(1) receiving data packet signals sent by the same transmitting node by adopting n groups of receiving antennas which are installed in a distributed mode, respectively transmitting the data packet signals to respective communication front end modules, demodulating the signals and outputting hard decision data frames;
(2) the data aggregation unit aligns, aggregates and merges multiple hard decision data frames, specifically, a frame of hard decision data frame received by n distributed nodes is stored by using n caches, in this embodiment, n is 4, that is, 4 distributed receiving antennas are used, and when a packet loss occurs in a data frame, zero padding operation is performed on a response position, so that frame number information is consistent with a current data frame;
(3) the soft information generating unit realizes soft decision information mapping on the converged and combined data frames output by the hard decision converging unit;
(4) the channel decoding unit selects a soft-decision decoding method according to the error correcting code scheme adopted by the transmitting end, performs soft-decision decoding by using the soft information output by the soft information generating unit, and obtains multi-path diversity gain and coding gain in the decoding process.
In the embodiment, when a test is performed, four distributed antennas are disposed in an indoor environment, the distance between the distributed antennas is about 1m, the placement height of the antennas is about 15m, a transmitting end is located in an outdoor environment, the antennas transmit in an omnidirectional manner, and the placement height of the transmitting antennas is about 1 m. In the test environment, the open ground and the barriers of trees, buildings and window glass exist. During testing, the transmitting end moves, the receiving end is fixed, and the distances from the testing points 1, 2 and 3 to the receiving end are 2000m, 2500m and 3000 m. During the test, 500 frames of data are divided into 2000 data packets for transmission, and the results of the reception test are shown in tables 1, 2 and 3.
TABLE 12000 m test results Table
TABLE 22500 m test results table
TABLE 33000 m test results Table
Tests show that the distributed receiving technology has obvious improvement on the packet loss rate and the frame error rate of the received data.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are illustrative only and not restrictive, and various modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention and which are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A maritime floating type communication relay system based on distributed reception is characterized by comprising a mechanical subsystem, a communication subsystem and a power subsystem;
the mechanical subsystem comprises a floating body (1), the floating body (1) is provided with an instrument cabin (7) for installing equipment, a detachable cabin cover is arranged at a hatch (11) of the instrument cabin (7), a water-tight connecting device (10) is arranged at the upper part of the floating body (1), and the bottom of the water-tight connecting device (10) is positioned in the instrument cabin (7); a floating body balance weight rod (5), an anchor chain hanging ring (6) and a hydrophone fixing frame (16) are arranged at the bottom of the floating body (1), and a hydrophone (17) is fixed at the bottom end of the hydrophone fixing frame (16); a main support bracket (2) is arranged above the floating body (1), and the main support bracket (2) consists of four groups of support rods; an antenna bracket (3) is arranged at the top of the main supporting bracket (2), an antenna mounting seat is arranged above the antenna bracket (3), and a plurality of distributed receiving antennas (8), mobile communication or satellite communication antennas (14) and satellite positioning antennas (15) are mounted on the antenna mounting seat; the lower part of the antenna bracket (3) is connected with the main supporting bracket (2); the solar cell panel support (4) is positioned at the lower part of the main support bracket (2) and is arranged at the top of the water-tightness connecting device (10), and the bottom of the main support bracket (2) extends into the instrument cabin (7) and is fixed with the floating body (1) through a flange plate; the antenna bracket (3) and the main support bracket (2) both adopt hollow tubular structures, internal channels of the antenna bracket (3) and the main support bracket (2) are communicated, and an antenna feeder passes through the antenna bracket (3) and the main support bracket (2) to the instrument cabin (7);
the communication subsystem adopts a system with a plurality of communication systems integrated, and realizes low-power consumption long-distance wireless communication, mobile communication, satellite communication and underwater acoustic communication; receiving data information sent by communication nodes on the sea surface through a plurality of distributed receiving antennas (8) to realize low-power consumption long-distance wireless communication; receiving data information sent by a communication node under the sea surface through a hydrophone (17) to realize underwater acoustic communication; the number information received by the distributed receiving antennas (8) and the hydrophones (17) is subjected to preliminary processing and then forwarded to an onshore monitoring center through a mobile communication network or a satellite communication network by the mobile communication or satellite communication antenna (14); the antenna feeder line penetrates through internal channels of the antenna support (3) and the main support (2) to be connected with a communication front-end module arranged in the instrument cabin (7), and the hydrophone feeder line is connected into the instrument cabin (7) from the outside through a watertight adapter.
2. The distributed reception based maritime floating communication relay system according to claim 1, wherein the communication subsystem includes a radio frequency front end module, a satellite positioning module, a mobile/satellite communication module, an underwater acoustic communication unit, a data processing and control module;
the data processing and controlling module decodes, formats, codes and stores the data, and controls and accesses other modules; wherein, the data processing adopts a soft decoding mode based on multi-path distributed transparent hard decision reception, and the data processing and control module comprises: the device comprises a data aggregation unit, a soft information generation unit, a channel decoding unit and a central processing unit;
the wireless radio frequency front-end module adopts distributed reception, is externally connected with a distributed receiving antenna (8), receives data sent by sea surface observation equipment and transmits the data to the data processing and control module;
the satellite positioning module supports GPS positioning or Beidou positioning, and selects a working mode according to requirements; the satellite positioning module is connected with a satellite positioning antenna (15), receives data request information of a central processing unit of the data processing and control module and returns positioning information;
the mobile/satellite communication module is externally connected with a mobile communication or satellite communication antenna (14) and forwards data to an onshore server through a mobile communication network or a satellite communication network;
the underwater sound communication unit is connected with the hydrophone (17), demodulates the received underwater sound signals and transmits the data to the data processing and control module for processing.
3. The distributed reception based maritime floating communication relay system according to claim 1, wherein the power subsystem includes a solar panel (9), a solar charging controller, a DC-DC power conversion module and a battery module; the top of the water tightness connecting device (10) is connected with a solar cell panel (9), and the bottom of the water tightness connecting device (10) is connected with the solar charging controller; the solar charging controller charges the battery module and supplies power to the equipment through the DC-DC power conversion module, and the battery module serves as a standby power supply to supply power to the equipment.
4. The communication method of the offshore floating communication relay system based on distributed reception according to claim 2, comprising the following processing steps:
step one, n distributed receiving antennas (8) and hydrophones (17) respectively receive data packet signals sent by transmitting nodes on the sea surface and under the sea surface, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
secondly, transmitting signals received by the hydrophone (17) to an underwater acoustic communication unit, transmitting the signals to a central processing unit after primary processing, editing information by the central processing unit, and transmitting the information through a mobile/satellite communication module;
step three, the distributed receiving antenna (8) transmits the received data packet to a corresponding communication front-end module, and the data packet is forwarded through a mobile/satellite communication module after being processed by a data aggregation unit, a soft information generation unit, a channel decoding unit and a central processing unit;
in the second step and the third step, the central processing unit respectively processes the data packets received on the sea surface and under the sea surface according to the time sequence of signal arrival, and the newly arrived signal is put into the buffer area to wait in the processing process.
5. The communication method of the offshore floating communication relay system based on distributed reception according to claim 4, wherein the specific processing procedure of the third step is as follows:
3-1, receiving data packet signals sent by the same transmitting node by adopting a distributed receiving antenna (8), respectively transmitting the data packet signals to respective communication front-end modules, demodulating the signals and outputting hard decision data frames;
3-2, aligning, converging and merging the multi-channel hard decision data frames output in the step 3-1 by a data converging unit, wherein the multi-channel hard decision data frames comprise a frame of hard decision data frames received by n distributed nodes which are stored by n caches, and when packet loss occurs to the data frames, zero filling operation is carried out on response positions, so that the frame number information is consistent with the current data frame;
3-3, the soft information generating unit carries out soft decision information mapping on the data frames output by the converging unit in the step 3-2 and subjected to converging and combining processing;
3-4, the channel decoding unit selects a soft-decision decoding method according to the error correcting code scheme adopted by the transmitting end, soft-decision decoding is carried out by using the soft information processed and output by the soft information generating unit in the step 3-3, and multi-path diversity gain and coding gain are obtained in the decoding process.
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| CN110894758B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-12-22 | 深圳市欣博莱特科技有限公司 | Equipment for realizing remote regulation and control by utilizing Lora technology |
| CN111241032A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-06-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司电子科学研究院 | Multi-source heterogeneous data processing method and device and storage medium |
| CN111181627A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司电子科学研究院 | Target detection system |
| CN111983688A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-11-24 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Suspension type marine environment acoustic characteristic comprehensive measurement device with receiving/transmitting function |
| CN113904735B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-05-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Cross-medium networking communication equipment |
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