CN110426368A - Large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung handles the method for quick predicting of total nitrogen content in the liquid dung of full chain link - Google Patents
Large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung handles the method for quick predicting of total nitrogen content in the liquid dung of full chain link Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002790 cross-validation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003041 laboratory chemical Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3577—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing liquids, e.g. polluted water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/002—Determining nitrogen by transformation into ammonia, e.g. KJELDAHL method
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
Abstract
The invention discloses the method for quick predicting that a kind of large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung handles liquid dung sample total nitrogen content in full chain link, the present invention chooses typical the type of combining planting and breeding large-scale milch cow farms, in conjunction with live on-site survey, liquid dung and biogas slurry sampling determination, spectra collection and mathematical modeling, full chain link is handled for the liquid dung under each dynamic complex influence factor, using near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum, prediction model building and quickly detection are carried out to loopful section liquid dung total nitrogen content, routine monitoring program is substituted while quick and precisely quantification is predicted under the conditions of realization meets field condition, effective technical method is provided to crack the problem of random scale cattle farm liquid dung returning to the field hardly possible, to promote the development of milk industry Green Transformation to provide technical support.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to monitor detection technique field, and in particular to a kind of full chain link of large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung processing
Liquid dung in total nitrogen content method for quick predicting.
Background technique
The promotion of cattle farm large-scale degree causes environmental pressure to highlight in recent years, especially summer milking workshop and cowshed
Cooling water consumption increasing, rain dirt mixed flow etc. cause liquid dung amount to increase suddenly and reduce receipts fortune and treatment effeciency, a large amount of liquid dungs and biogas slurry
Outlet become at this stage hinder cattle farm run well so that milk industry Green Transformation development primary problem.Practice at home and abroad warp
It tests and shows that returning to the field is agricultural and be the inevitable outlet of cattle farm liquid dung and biogas slurry, however lack the quick pre- of nutrients such as nitrogen in liquid dung
Survey method is to cause the technical bottleneck of returning to the field hardly possible.Some researches show that, space and time difference, colony house type, cultivation scale, cleaning up excrement mode,
The factors such as treatment for cow manure technique can influence total nitrogen content in waste to some extent and change, but be obtained by routine sampling monitoring
The way of total nitrogen content dynamic change in liquid dung is taken to there are problems that low timeliness, at high cost, restricted application and accuracy.
Near infrared spectrum has been applied in livestock and poultry feces as a kind of method quick, convenient, that on-line checking can be achieved
The detection of component carries out quantitative analysis to the N P and K in chicken manure for example, by using near infrared spectrum；Near-infrared spectrum technique is pre-
Survey the application in animal waste in terms of dry matter, nitrogen and phosphorus equal size；Based near infrared spectrum to the cow dung sample of different daily rations
It analyzes etc..Meanwhile near-infrared spectrum technique is also applied to the full enteron aisle apparent digestibility research of nitrogen in swine excrement.
But the current prior art surrounds the component and content of single link, single scale feces of livestock and poultry sample mostly
The feasibility analysis of near infrared spectrum quantification prediction is carried out, but is had no towards the full chain ring of large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung processing
Section, it is comprehensive that Lai Jianli meets near infrared spectrum method for quick predicting and its full size under live complicated, compound influence conditions
The report of model.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of full chains of large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung processing
The liquid dung sample total nitrogen content method for quick predicting of link.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of near-infrared that large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung handles total nitrogen content in full chain link liquid dung sample diffuses
Compose method for quick predicting, comprising the following steps:
(1) referring to GB/T 27522-2011 " livestock and poultry cultivation sewage sampling technique specification " and DB 12/T 655-2016 " rule
Modelling cattle farm environmental monitoring technology regulation ", from each facility (i.e. link) that any one large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung flows through
Liquid dung sample is acquired respectively, if the facility (link) is respectively S1, S2......Sn, the liquid dung that is acquired from each facility
Sample number is respectively N1, N2......Nn, since the facility storing up facility with milking workshop liquid dung in cowshed, to excrement
It is all including collecting pit, collection dropping pit, sump, separate tank and oxidation pond until final stage storage facilities before water returning to the field
Facility；
(2) it is obtained using the near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum of near infrared spectrometer difference acquisition step (1) all liquid dung samples
The near-infrared of each facility liquid dung sample diffuses spectrum matrix X (S1, S2, S3... .Sn)；
(3) by standard determination method, the total nitrogen of each facility liquid dung sample is detected respectively, obtains the total nitrogen content of each sample
Matrix YN；
(4) abnormal sample in step (2), (3) is rejected；Optimize near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum preprocess method,
And choose preferred bands；
(5) large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung is established using the parameter after optimization handle full chain link liquid dung sample total nitrogen content
Quantitative Analysis Model: YN=X (S1, S2, S3... .Sn)；
(6) it handles above-mentioned large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung the unknown liquid dung sample acquired in full chain link and carries out near-infrared
Diffusing reflection spectrum scanning, the near-infrared for obtaining unknown liquid dung sample diffuse spectrum matrix X ' (S1, S2, S3... .Sn), by this
Spectrum matrix substitutes into the Quantitative Analysis Model in step (5), and the total nitrogen obtained in the unknown liquid dung sample of the large-scale milch cow farms contains
Measure predicted value Y 'N。
In order to improve the accuracy and adaptability of model, in step (1), according to different time, temperature, weather condition with
And the liquid dung sample that breeding way, cleaning up excrement mode, liquid dung treatment process flow through each facility to liquid dung carries out multiple parallel acquisition.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the collecting pit is that milk Room waste water stores up facility, and the dropping pit that integrates is the remittance of cowshed liquid dung
Collect point, the sump is all liquid dung joints in cattle farm, and the separate tank is that the liquid dung after solid-liquid screening keeps in facility, institute
Stating oxidation pond is storage facility before liquid dung returning to the field.
In step (1), the method for sampling is the tools such as to scoop with the water of homemade 1L stainless steel material pail, 500mL
Under each facility sampled point vertical fluid level at 10~20cm 3 sites of random acquisition water sample, and in the sample mixing bucket of 20L
It is middle scooped with water sufficiently stir evenly after take about 400mL to be placed in the collection bottle of 500mL, collection bottle is placed on the sample equipped with ice bag
In incubator, machine testing on laboratory is sent back to immediately.
In step (2), the near infrared spectrometer uses the Fourier transformation near-infrared of U.S. PerkinElmer company
Spectrometer, InGaAs detector, scanning range are 4000~12000cm-1。
In step (2), the measurement method of the near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum are as follows: fill liquid dung sample to be measured in collection bottle
Divide after shaking up, takes 2~3mL sample in the middle part of collection bottle to be fitted into specimen cup with the disposable rubber head dropper of 3mL, and be placed on integrating sphere
(instrument carries integrating sphere accessory, using reference built in integrating sphere as background), spectral scan parameter are as follows: resolution ratio on specimen rotating holder
For 8cm-1, sweep spacing 2cm-1, scanning times 64 times.
In step (3), the measuring instrument of the total nitrogen selects full-automatic Kjeldahl determination device (Foss kjeltec 8400
Type, Denmark).
In step (4), the method rejected to the exceptional spectrum is Monte Carlo cross validation method (Monte
Carlo cross validation, MCCV).
In step (4), the sample set after rejecting abnormalities sample is divided into calibration set and forecast set, the calibration set sample
Product are used to establish the mathematical model of Quantitative Analysis Model, and the forecast set sample is used to verify the stability of the mathematical model of foundation
And accuracy, select the method for the calibration set and forecast set for Kennard-Stone method.
In step (4), the preprocessing procedures include normalization, multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), baseline correction,
One or more of variable standardization (SNV), SG be smooth+and normalization, SG be smooth+baseline correction, the best pretreatment of total nitrogen
Method is method for normalizing.
In step (4), the preferred bands of near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum are 4400~8800cm-1。
The present invention chooses typical the type of combining planting and breeding large-scale milch cow farms, in conjunction with live on-site survey, liquid dung and biogas slurry sampling determination,
Spectra collection and mathematical modeling handle full chain link for the liquid dung under each dynamic complex influence factor, unrestrained using near-infrared
Reflectance spectrum carries out quick predict model construction and quickly detection to loopful section liquid dung total nitrogen content.Meeting field condition item
Under part, fast, accurate and quantitativeization prediction is realized, instead of routine monitoring program, to crack random scale cattle farm liquid dung
The problem of returning to the field hardly possible provides effective technical method, to promote the development of milk industry Green Transformation to provide technical support.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the liquid dung treatment process route of sample objects and sampling site distribution map in method of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that the near-infrared of all samples in one embodiment of the present of invention diffuses spectrogram；
Fig. 3 is near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum principal component analysis shot chart in one embodiment of the present of invention；
Fig. 4 is the linear fit of total nitrogen linear fit model prediction content and actual measurement content in one embodiment of the present of invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, combined with specific embodiments below furtherly
Bright technical solution of the present invention.
Embodiment
1. sample acquires
The representative large-scale milch cow farms in Pests in Tianjin Binhai New Area are chosen as sample objects, referring to DB 12/T 655-
2016 " large-scale milch cow farms environmental monitoring technology regulations ", sampling is layouted out of cowshed and milking workshop liquid dung is stored up facility and opened
Begin, until the final stage storage facilities before liquid dung returning to the field, throughout institutes such as collecting pit, collection dropping pit, sump, separate tank and oxidation pond
There is liquid dung to flow through facility.The liquid dung treatment process route of sample objects and sampling site are distributed as shown in Figure 1, in figure: collecting pit
Facility is stored up for milk Room waste water, integrates dropping pit as cowshed liquid dung Rendezvous Point, sump is all liquid dung joints in cattle farm, separate tank
Facility is kept in for the liquid dung after solid-liquid screening, oxidation pond uses facility for storage before liquid dung returning to the field.
Referring to GB/T 27522-2011 " livestock and poultry cultivation sewage sampling technique specification " and DB 12/T 655-2016 " scale
Change cattle farm environmental monitoring technology regulation ", the liquid dung sample of the cattle farm is acquired in late December, 2018, not with homemade 1L
Rust steel material pail, 500mL water tools 3 positions of random acquisition at 10~20cm under each facility sampled point vertical fluid level such as scoop
The water sample of point, and scooped with water in the sample mixing bucket of 20L sufficiently stir evenly after take about 400mL to be placed in 500mL collection bottle
In, collection bottle is placed in the sample incubator equipped with ice bag, sends machine testing on laboratory back to immediately.Acquisition in continuous 6 days should
The liquid dung sample of cattle farm is 51 total.
2. the acquisition of near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum
Experiment uses the Fourier Transform Near Infrared instrument of U.S. PerkinElmer company, InGaAs detector, scanning
Range is 4000~12000cm-1.After liquid dung sample to be measured in collection bottle is sufficiently shaken up, collection is taken with the disposable rubber head dropper of 3mL
2~3mL sample is fitted into specimen cup in the middle part of water bottle, and be placed on integrating sphere specimen rotating holder (instrument carries integrating sphere accessory,
Using reference built in integrating sphere as background, the near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum of each sample is acquired respectively.Spectral scan parameter are as follows: point
Resolution is 8cm-1, sweep spacing 2cm-1, scanning times 64 times.Fig. 2 is the original near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum of all samples
Figure.
3. the measurement of total nitrogen
It is measured according to method specified in GB 11891-1989 " measurement of water quality kjeldahl nitrogen " total in each liquid dung sample
The content of nitrogen (TN), instrument selection full-automatic Kjeldahl determination device (8400 type of Foss kjeltec, Denmark).
4. modeling method
The selection of 4.1 modeling samples
Monte Carlo cross validation method (Monte Carlo cross validation, MCCV) is used in the present embodiment
Abnormal sample is rejected, wherein 51 samples (TN model) of acquisition, no abnormal sample.
Above-mentioned sample is divided into calibration set and forecast set.Calibration set sample is used to establish the mathematical model of calibration, forecast set
Sample is used to verify the stability and accuracy of model.In order to enable built Quantitative Analysis Model to large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung
It handles TN content in full chain link liquid dung and carries out Accurate Prediction, must include different cattle farm links in calibration set sample
Representative sample.The present invention selects calibration set and forecast set sample, result using K-S (Kennard-Stone) method
As shown in table 1.
The calibration set and forecast set sample information that 1 K-S method of table divides
The selection of 4.2 modeling algorithms
When TN content detects in each link liquid dung in field size cattle farm, model algorithm is more complicated, model
Applicability, stability and estimated performance is easier is influenced by extraneous factor.Partial Least Squares (PLS) is that spectrum is polynary
A kind of most common method is corrected, the foundation of the wave spectrums quantitative model such as near-infrared, Raman, fluorescence is widely used in, is to establish
The universal method of quantitative spectrometric calibration model, and practical application is obtained in quick detection at the scene.Therefore, the present invention is based on PLS
Algorithm establishes the full chain that suitable large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung handles the live fast quantitative analysis of TN content in full chain link
Link mathematical model.
4.3 modeling preprocess method selections
Distinct methods pretreatment is carried out to original diffusing reflection near infrared spectrum, and multivariate regression is established using PLS algorithm
Model, selected using cross validation root-mean-square error (RMSECV) best modeled because of subnumber (number of principal components).Table 2 gives
Different pretreatments method PLS regression result.From coefficient of determination R2, correction root-mean-square error (RMSEC) and predicted root mean square error
(RMSEP) from the point of view of, the best preprocess method of near-infrared PLS regression model for TN is method for normalizing.
2 different pretreatments method PLS regression result of table
4.4 modeling waveband selections
In view of using 4001 (12000~4000cm of all band-1) variable modeling, include in these variables with it is to be measured
The unrelated redundancy of component, while modeling efficiency is reduced again.The present invention selects to establish using interval partial least square
Effective wave number variable needed for TN content mathematical model in liquid dung.By calculating, 4400~8800cm is chosen-1(2201 wave numbers
Variable) establish the mathematical model of TN content in quantitative analysis liquid dung.
The present invention establishes Quantitative Analysis Model using the PLS Matlab code voluntarily write, using The
9.7 software of Unscrambler pre-processes spectroscopic data, and all calculating all use MatlabR2017a software tool
(Mathwork Inc.) is completed.
5. principal component analysis
Relationship and property composition between each link liquid dung sample in clearly same cattle farm longitudinal direction liquid dung processing path
Variation, and the influence to Quantitative Analysis Model, to the close of the liquid dung sample of Binhai New District scale typical cattle farm 51
Infrared diffusing reflection spectrum carries out principal component analysis.On principal component scores figure, the distance between sample is closer, shows these samples
Property, composition it is similar；Distance is remoter, shows that sample room property, change of component are larger.Therefore, pass through sample on shot chart point
Cloth, deducibility liquid dung sample organic component are obvious with the variation of processing links.
Fig. 3 is the shot chart of the first two principal component, and wherein first principal component PC1 (Principal component 1) is solved
The 84% total variable of spectrum is released, Second principal component, PC2 explains the 14% total variable of spectrum.Included in the large round of right side in figure
Be sump sample, what 2 ellipse linings of the round lower section of sump sample were included is oxidation pond sample, and left side is oval
In included is milk Room collecting pit sample nearby.Sump sample is mainly distributed on the upper right comer region of shot chart, oxidation pond
Sample is mainly distributed on lower right field, and nearby collecting pit sample is mainly distributed on lower left corner region in the milk Room, therefore from shot chart
On can specify the association of characteristics such as component, concentration between the link and sample of sample source.It can be observed simultaneously, the milk Room is attached
Nearly collecting pit sample and sump, oxidation pond sample distance farther out, show that organic matter composition has occurred with processing links in sample
Large change, this is with the waste strength in the collecting pit of the milk Room far below the liquid dung concentration in cowshed collection dropping pit；Milk Room liquid dung and ox
Give up the larger material composition changed in mixing liquid dung and concentration value variation after liquid dung mixes；Mix liquid dung followed by sump,
Liquid dung component is consistent with field conditions such as concentration in gradient variations during separate tank, oxidation pond.
6. the foundation of Quantitative Analysis Model and the detection of unknown liquid dung sample TN
Each link liquid dung sample TN in the liquid dung treatment process of quantitative analysis cattle farm is established to treated spectroscopic data
The PLS mathematical model of content, cross validation root-mean-square error (RMSECV) are 181.97.By forecast set unknown sample spectroscopic data
(18 × 2201) it inputs in established PLS model, obtains the corresponding TN content of each sample.Fig. 4 is the TN model pair established
18 unknown samples of forecast set (8 collecting pit samples, 6 oxidation pond samples, the neighbouring collecting pit sample in 4 milk Rooms) TN content is pre-
It surveys result and surveys the linear fit of content, fit correlation are as follows: CPrediction=1.02CActual measurement+ 50.4, fitting correlation coefficient R are
0.96, predicted root mean square error RMSEP be 187.80, illustrate the model can real-time tracking, monitoring scale pasture liquid dung flow through
The dynamic change of each link sample is, it can be achieved that quick, quantitative and Accurate Prediction goes out TN in the liquid dung sample of each link dynamic change
Content.
Method of the invention and the comparison of existing laboratory chemical detection method are as follows:
By the correlation data of upper table it is found that compared with existing laboratory chemical detection method, prediction technique of the invention
It is able to achieve lossless and direct detection, and without pre-processing to sample；Detecting each sample only needs 1-3 minutes, greatly shortens
Detection time；Method of the invention can measure various ingredients, and detectable concentration no maximum simultaneously, and be able to achieve live real-time
Tracking and monitoring.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung handles the method for quick predicting of total nitrogen content in the liquid dung of full chain link, including with
Lower step:
(1) liquid dung sample is acquired respectively from each facility that any one large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung flows through, if the facility
Respectively S1, S2……Sn, the liquid dung sample acquired from each facility is respectively N1, N2……Nn, the facility is from cowshed
Interior and milking workshop liquid dung is stored up facility and is started, until the final stage storage facilities before liquid dung returning to the field, throughout collecting pit, collection excrement
All facilities including ditch, sump, separate tank and oxidation pond；
(2) it using the near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum of near infrared spectrometer difference acquisition step (1) all liquid dung samples, is respectively set
The near-infrared for applying liquid dung sample diffuses spectrum matrix X (S1, S2, S3... .Sn)；
(3) by standard determination method, the total nitrogen content of each facility liquid dung sample is detected respectively, obtains the total nitrogen content of each sample
Matrix YN；
(4) abnormal sample in step (2), (3) is rejected；Optimize near-infrared diffusing reflection spectrum preprocess method, and selects
Take preferred bands；
(5) large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung is established using the parameter after optimization handle total nitrogen content in full chain link liquid dung sample
Quantitative Analysis Model: YN=X (S1, S2, S3... .Sn)；
(6) it is unrestrained anti-that the unknown liquid dung sample progress near-infrared that in full chain link acquires is handled above-mentioned large-scale milch cow farms liquid dung
Spectral scan is penetrated, the near-infrared for obtaining unknown liquid dung sample diffuses spectrum matrix X ' (S1, S2, S3... .Sn), by the spectrum square
Battle array substitutes into the Quantitative Analysis Model in step (5), obtains the total nitrogen content prediction in the unknown liquid dung sample of the large-scale milch cow farms
Value Y’ N。
2. method for quick predicting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), according to different time, temperature
The liquid dung sample that humidity, weather and breeding way, cleaning up excrement mode, liquid dung treatment process flow through each facility to liquid dung carries out more
Secondary parallel acquisition.
3. method for quick predicting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), the collecting pit is the milk Room
Waste water stores up facility, and for the dropping pit that integrates as cowshed liquid dung Rendezvous Point, the sump is all liquid dung joints in cattle farm, described
Separate tank is that the liquid dung after solid-liquid screening keeps in facility, and the oxidation pond uses facility for storage before liquid dung returning to the field.
4. method for quick predicting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), acquire the side of liquid dung sample
Method is to be scooped under each facility sampled point vertical fluid level 10~20cm at random with homemade 1L stainless steel material pail or 500mL water
Acquire the water sample in 3 sites, and scooped with water in sample mixing bucket sufficiently stir evenly after take about 400mL to be placed in collection bottle,
Collection bottle is placed in the sample incubator equipped with ice bag, sends laboratory upper machine testing immediately back to.
5. method for quick predicting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2), the near infrared spectrometer
Using the Fourier Transform Near Infrared instrument of PerkinElmer company, the U.S., InGaAs detector, scanning range is 4000~
12000cm-1。
6. method for quick predicting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2), the near-infrared diffusing reflection
The measuring method of spectrum are as follows: after sufficiently shaking up liquid dung sample to be measured in collection bottle, take collection bottle with the disposable rubber head dropper of 3mL
Middle part 2~3mL sample is fitted into specimen cup, and is placed on integrating sphere specimen rotating holder, spectral scan parameter are as follows: resolution ratio is
8cm-1, sweep spacing 2cm-1, scanning times 64 times.
7. method for quick predicting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (3), detect liquid dung sample total nitrogen
The instrument of content is full-automatic Kjeldahl determination device.
8. method for quick predicting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (4), to the abnormal sample into
The method that row is rejected is Monte Carlo cross validation method；Sample set after rejecting abnormalities sample is divided into calibration set and prediction
Collection, the calibration set sample are used to establish the mathematical model of Quantitative Analysis Model, and the forecast set sample is used to verify foundation
The stability and accuracy of mathematical model select the method for the calibration set and forecast set for Kennard-Stone method.
9. method for quick predicting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (4), the Pretreated spectra side
Method be normalization, multiplicative scatter correction, baseline correction, variable standardization, SG it is smooth+normalization, SG smoothly+baseline correction method
One or more of, preferred preprocess method is method for normalizing.
10. method for quick predicting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (4), near-infrared diffuses
The preferred bands of spectrum are 4400~8800cm-1。
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