CN110426289A - The experimental rig and method that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress - Google Patents
The experimental rig and method that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN110426289A CN110426289A CN201910771125.7A CN201910771125A CN110426289A CN 110426289 A CN110426289 A CN 110426289A CN 201910771125 A CN201910771125 A CN 201910771125A CN 110426289 A CN110426289 A CN 110426289A
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- hole wall
- load
- loading system
- pressure head
- rock sample
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
Abstract
The experimental rig and method loaded the present invention provides hole wall under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress, it is related to rock mechanics laboratory test technical field, experimental rig includes three-dimensional loading system, hole wall loading system and servo-control system, servo-control system control three-dimensional loading system and hole wall loading system respectively load rock sample, three-dimensional loading system includes the loading device on first direction, second direction and third direction, the plane that the loading direction of hole wall loading system is parallel to first direction and second direction determines；Rock sample be axial location setting drilling cuboid after be divided into 4 parts and be made, the fan-shaped column of the pressure head of hole wall loading system or coniform simulate different stress conditions respectively；And the method using experimental rig test hole wall mechanical characteristic.The device and method realizes the simulation of hole wall load under the conditions of in-situ stress, in addition also has many advantages, such as that measurement accuracy is high, it is practical, easy to operate to meet engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock mechanics laboratory test technical field, hole wall adds under the conditions of especially a kind of simulation in-situ stress
The experimental rig and method of load.
Background technique
It in rock engineering, needs to carry out engineering geological investigation by a large amount of geotechnical boring, currently, in-situ test is evaluated
Applied in the field practice engineering of rock strength, deformation characteristic and rock mass stress characteristic, different depth is obtained by drilling
Rock stratum information and Test in Situ mechanical characteristic, drilling in-situ test have become important on-the-spot test method.With drill feeler inspection and
The drilling home position testing method of the representatives such as drilling shearing, has obtained more and more extensive concern, gradually designs as rock engineering
It is recognized with the important means of safe construction.
Although in-situ test has the characteristics that easy to operate, efficient that ambient stress locating for this method is more in drilling
Complexity, and the defects of there are a large amount of joint planes, fissure-plane in rock, structure is complicated, and measuring mechanism is also not exclusively clear, destroys machine
Variation relation etc. between reason, rock mechanics parameters and measurement parameter needs to study.And laboratory test is to illustrate complex condition
Measuring mechanism understands fully the important means of influence factor, and there is presently no can simulate borehole wall in-situ stress state and hole wall
The experimental rig of load, therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of pilot system of borehole wall load simulated under in-situ stress state
And test method, reduction scene are distributed and realize the in-situ test simulation of hole wall load in drilling hole stress, realization meets live real
The mechanics relevant parameter of border engineering characteristics is tested and analysis of Influential Factors.
Summary of the invention
For the simulation that hole wall under the conditions of realization in-situ stress loads, the intensive parameter of rock-boring is more accurately measured, is
It is convenient that the failure mechanism of borehole wall provides, and the present invention provides the test dresses that hole wall under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress loads
It sets and method, specific technical solution is as follows.
The experimental rig that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress, including testing stand, pedestal, column and top beam,
Testing stand is fixed on the base, and column is provided between pedestal and top beam, further include three-dimensional loading system, hole wall loading system and
Servo-control system, the servo-control system control three-dimensional loading system and hole wall loading system respectively carry out rock sample
Load, and real-time monitoring load and displacement, three-dimensional loading system includes the load on first direction, second direction and third direction
Device, the plane that the loading direction of hole wall loading system is parallel to first direction and second direction determines；Rock sample is axis
The cuboid that position is provided with drilling is radially divided into 4 parts along hole wall and is made, and the load pressure head of hole wall loading system is in
Fan-shaped column is coniform.
Further, first direction, second direction and third direction are vertical two-by-two, the setting direction of third direction and column
In parallel；The hole wall loading system loads cambered surface where the borehole wall of rock sample by hole wall load cylinder.
Further, testing stand is annular in shape, and the outer ring of testing stand is rounded, and inner ring is square；The testing stand is circumferentially
Multiple circular holes are arranged symmetrically, circular hole is along same circumference.
Further, three-dimensional loading system includes the first load cylinder, the second load cylinder and third load cylinder, the
One load cylinder and the second load cylinder are arranged on the adjacent side wall of testing stand inner ring, and third load cylinder is arranged in testing stand
Lower section is simultaneously loaded to top beam side.
It is also further, it is provided with tubing interface on the first load cylinder, the second load cylinder and hole wall load cylinder,
Dust cover is threaded at tubing interface；Servo-control system connects by the way that oil pipe and tubing interface are fixed after removing dust cover
It connects.
Also further, hole wall loading system includes load pressure head, transmission force column and load pressure head, the load pressure head with
It is connected through a screw thread between transmission force column, load pressure head includes face load pressure head, point load pressure head and linear loading pressure head.
Also further, the square position of testing stand inner ring, hole wall loading system is arranged in the pressure head of hole wall loading system
Load cylinder be parallel to the sliding rail of third direction along testing stand and move.
Also further, the contact surface position of three-dimensional loading system and hole wall loading system and rock sample is provided with stress
And displacement sensor.
The test method that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress, utilizes a kind of above-mentioned simulation in-situ stress item
The experimental rig that hole wall loads under part, step include:
Step 1: production rock sample, including field sampling rock are drilled with drilling along the axis of cuboid rock sample,
Divide rock sample, the rock sample that manufactured size and testing stand inner ring are adapted along drilling radial direction etc.；
Step 2: rock sample is put to testing stand inner ring, according to adding for the size adjusting three-dimensional loading system of rock sample
The position of pressure head is carried, or the cushion block that installation dimension and rock sample match on pressure head；
Step 3: the load pressure head of installation hole wall loading system makes load pressure head be in contact with the cambered surface of rock sample；
Step 4: dust cover is removed, the oil pipe of servo-control system is fixedly connected with tubing interface；
Step 5: by servo-control system control the first load cylinder, the second load cylinder, third load cylinder and
The load pressure head of hole wall loading system independently loads rock sample, including the first load cylinder, second is kept to add
The load for carrying oil cylinder and third load cylinder is constant, incrementally increases the ram load of hole wall loading system；
Step 6: the stress on rock sample surface and displacement in real-time monitoring loading procedure, until test specimen unstable failure.
It is also further, in step 3, when using face loads pressure head, simulate hole wall uniform load situation；Work as point of use
When loading pressure head, hole wall concentrfated load situation is simulated；When using linear loading pressure head, hole wall linear load situation is simulated；Root
The load-deformation curve of each plane of rock sample and the load-of hole wall load pressure head are obtained according to monitoring data described in step 6
Displacement curve.
The beneficial effect comprise that
(1) provide it is a kind of simulation in-situ stress under the conditions of hole wall load experimental rig, also by three-dimensional loading system
The practical geology stress characteristics of former borehole wall are utilized hole wall loading system and load to simulation hole wall, utilize servo control
System control load processed, and all directions load can not only provide uniform load but also can provide non-uniform load, to realize original
The simulation that hole wall loads under the stress condition of position.
(2) the experimental rig property be transformed is strong, by removing hole wall loading system, can be changed into conventional true triaxial rock
Mechanics machine；By removing third direction load cylinder, the hole wall load examination under the conditions of being independent biaxial stress can be changed
Experiment device.And the experimental rig can be transformed by three conventional axis rock mechanics experiment machines and be completed, so low manufacture cost
(3) experimental rig is operated using the test method that hole wall under the conditions of simulation in-situ stress loads, also there is operation
Simple and easy, flexibly, measurement accuracy is high for test, meets the advantages that engineering is practical.Hole wall loading system passes through replacement load pressure head
So as to realize various forms of loads, provided convenience to study the failure mechanism of borehole wall；Also prefabricated section can be made
Reason, fissure rock test specimen provide convenience to study defective hole wall failure mechanism.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the experimental rig structural schematic diagram that hole wall loads under the conditions of simulating in-situ stress；
Fig. 2 is the experimental bench structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the overlooking structure diagram of the experimental bench of embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram for load pressure head；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of face load pressure head；
Fig. 6 is the structure and loading force distribution schematic diagram of linear loading pressure head；
Fig. 7 is the first load cylinder or the non-uniformly distributed loading structure schematic diagram of the second load cylinder；
Fig. 8 is rock sample point load stress diagram；
Fig. 9 is rock sample face load stress diagram；
Figure 10 is rock sample linearly non-uniform load stress diagram；
In figure: 1- testing stand；2- pedestal；3- column；4- top beam；5- rock sample；The first load cylinder of 6-；7- second adds
Carry oil cylinder；8- third load cylinder；9- loads pressure head；10- transmission force column；11- hole wall load cylinder；12- servo-control system；
13 dust covers；14- arc cushion block；15- initial loading elasticity part；16- load plate；17- connecting plate.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 to Figure 10, it is provided by the invention it is a kind of simulation in-situ stress under the conditions of hole wall load test dress
It sets and method specific embodiment is as follows.
Embodiment 1
Its structure of the experimental rig of hole wall load includes testing stand 1, pedestal 2, column 3 and top under the conditions of simulation in-situ stress
Beam 4, testing stand 1 are fixed on pedestal 2, and column 3 is provided between pedestal 2 and top beam 4.The experimental rig further includes three-dimensional load
System, hole wall loading system and servo-control system 12, wherein servo-control system control three-dimensional loading system and hole wall load
System respectively loads rock sample, and three-dimensional loading system includes adding on first direction, second direction and third direction
It carries and sets, in the horizontal plane, third direction is vertical direction, first direction, second direction and for first direction and second direction
Three directions are vertical two-by-two, and third direction is parallel with the setting direction of column.The loading direction of hole wall loading system is parallel to first
The plane that direction and second direction determine, and hole wall loading system adds cambered surface where the borehole wall of rock sample
It carries, loading device includes load cylinder and load pressure head.Rock sample 5 is that axial location is provided with the cuboid of drilling for hole wall
It is radially divided into 4 parts to be made, the load pressure head of hole wall loading system is in linear, fan-shaped column or coniform.
Testing stand 1 is annular in shape, and the outer ring of testing stand is rounded, and inner ring is square, to facilitate fixed loading device.Test
Platform 1 has circumferentially been arranged symmetrically multiple circular holes, and circular hole forms toroidal cavity, avoid the quality of testing stand 1 along same circumference
It is excessive to lead to unbalance stress.Three-dimensional loading system includes the first load cylinder 6, the second load cylinder 7 and third load cylinder 8,
It is loaded along first direction, second direction and third direction respectively, and wherein first direction and second direction are being level
Direction, third direction are vertical direction, and loading device respectively loads rock sample 5 from three axis directions, so as to
Actual ground stress environment is simulated, the adjacent side wall of testing stand inner ring is arranged in the first load cylinder 6 and the second load cylinder 7
On, third load cylinder 8 is set on the base to top beam side and loads, and the non-load side of rock sample is in contact with testing stand.The
It is provided with tubing interface on one load cylinder 6, the second load cylinder 7 and hole wall load cylinder 11, screw thread connects at tubing interface
It is connected to dust cover 13, the cleaning that dust cover 13 guarantees fluid pressure line is set before the mounting and removes servo after dust cover when test
Control system is fixedly connected by oil pipe with tubing interface, is connected oil circuit and is loaded.
Hole wall loading system includes load pressure head 9, transmission force column 10 and hole wall load cylinder 11,11 He of hole wall load cylinder
It is connected through a screw thread between transmission force column 10, load pressure head 9 specifically can be a load pressure head.The load oil of hole wall loading system
The square position of testing stand inner ring is arranged in cylinder, and tubing interface and dust cover, hole wall load cylinder 11 are provided on load cylinder
The sliding rail that third direction can be parallel to along testing stand moves, and the load(ing) point so as to control point load pressure head is tried in rock
Loading Position on part hole wall.In addition it can be arranged in the square position of the position of hole wall load cylinder and testing stand inner ring
Arc-shaped slide rail, so that the loading direction and loading position of load(ing) point can be adjusted arbitrarily.Servo-control system control tries rock
The loading stress and displacement that part is subject to；In addition it can the contact in three-dimensional loading system and hole wall loading system with rock sample
Face position is provided with stress and displacement sensor, for monitoring the stress on rock sample surface and displacement in loading procedure.
The experimental rig reduces the practical geology stress characteristics of borehole wall by three-dimensional loading system, and hole wall is utilized
Loading system loads simulation hole wall, is controlled and is loaded using servo-control system, to realize in-situ stress condition lower opening
The simulation of wall load.The experimental rig can be transformed by three conventional axis rock mechanics experiment machines and be completed, so low manufacture cost,
Hole wall load testing machine under the conditions of conventional true triaxial test machine or biaxial stress can be also converted to；Hole wall loading system is by more
Load pressure head is changed so as to realize various forms of loads, is provided convenience to study the failure mechanism of borehole wall；Rock
The production of test specimen is by being divided into 4 parts along the radial direction of drilling, so as to realize the multiple simulation test under the conditions of identical geology,
Reduce test error.
The test method that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress, utilizes a kind of above-mentioned simulation in-situ stress item
The experimental rig that hole wall loads under part, step include:
Step 1: production rock sample, field sampling rock are drilled with drilling along the axis of cuboid rock sample, along brill
Hole radial direction etc. divides rock sample, the rock sample that manufactured size and testing stand inner ring are adapted.
Step 2: rock sample is put to testing stand inner ring, according to the pressure of the size adjusting three-dimensional loading system of rock sample
The position of head, or the cushion block that installation dimension and rock sample match on pressure head.
Step 3: the load pressure head of installation hole wall loading system makes load pressure head be in contact with the cambered surface of rock sample.
Step 4: dust cover is removed, the oil pipe of servo-control system is fixedly connected with tubing interface.
Step 5: by servo-control system control the first load cylinder, the second load cylinder, third load cylinder and
The pressure head of hole wall loading system independently loads rock sample, including keeps the first load cylinder, the second load oil
The loading stress of cylinder and third load cylinder is constant, incrementally increases the pressure head loaded load of hole wall loading system.
Step 6: the stress on rock sample surface and displacement in real-time monitoring loading procedure, until test specimen unstable failure.
Wherein, in step 3, when using face loads pressure head, hole wall uniform load situation is simulated；It is pressed when point of use loads
When head, hole wall concentrfated load situation is simulated；When using linear loading pressure head, hole wall linear load situation is simulated.According to step
The load-displacement of monitoring data described in six, the load-deformation curve and hole wall load pressure head that obtain each plane of rock sample is bent
Line.Using simulation in-situ stress under the conditions of hole wall load test method operate the experimental rig, also have operation is simple,
Flexibly, measurement accuracy is high for test, meets the advantages that engineering is practical.
Embodiment 2
Experimental rig its structure that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress includes testing stand 1, pedestal 2, column 3
With top beam 4, testing stand 1 is fixed on pedestal 2, and column 3 is provided between pedestal 2 and top beam 4.The experimental rig further includes three-dimensional
Loading system, hole wall loading system and servo-control system 12, wherein servo-control system 12 controls three-dimensional loading system and hole
Wall loading system respectively loads rock sample, and three-dimensional loading system includes first direction, second direction and third direction
On the first load cylinder 6, the second load cylinder 7 and third load cylinder 8.The loading direction of hole wall loading system is parallel to
The plane that one direction and second direction determine.Rock sample be axial location be provided with drilling cuboid hole wall is radially equal
It is divided into 4 parts to be made, the load pressure head of hole wall loading system is in linear, semicolumn arc or coniform.Rock sample 5
Practical is rectangular test specimen, and after one of four parts of rib excision cylinders, obtained shape has a hole wall cambered surface, in cambered surface
Upper application point load applies face load for when studying hole wall uniform stressed for studying the mechanism that hole wall is destroyed by concentrfated load
Failure mechanism, by linear loading for simulating destruction of the non-uniform load to hole wall.
Wherein, the testing stand 1 of the device is annular in shape, and the outer ring of testing stand 1 is rounded, and inner ring can be square, can also be with
It for circle, is processed according to actual needs, certain 1 inner ring of testing stand is also required to installation and pressure to loading device when being round
The shape of head is further to be improved；And a quarter cylinder test specimen can also be made, is loaded.Testing stand 1 is along circle
Multiple circular holes it have been arranged symmetrically week, circular hole forms toroidal cavity, avoid the quality of testing stand is excessive from causing along same circumference
Unbalance stress.Three-dimensional loading system includes the first load cylinder 6, the second load cylinder 7 and third load cylinder 8, respectively from three
Rock sample is loaded in axis direction, so as to simulate actual ground stress environment, the first load cylinder 6 and second adds
It carries oil cylinder 7 to be arranged on the side wall adjacent with testing stand inner ring, third load cylinder 8 is set on the base, and the side Xiang Dingliang adds
It carries, the non-load side of rock sample is in contact with testing stand.First load cylinder 6, the second load cylinder 7 and hole wall load cylinder 11
On be provided with tubing interface, dust cover 13 is threaded at tubing interface, before the mounting be arranged dust cover 13 guarantee liquid
The cleaning on pressure pipe road, when test, servo-control system is fixedly connected by oil pipe with tubing interface after removing dust cover 13, connection
Oil circuit is loaded.
To the first load cylinder 6 and the second load cylinder 7 construction it is further designed, using 1 or more linearly arrange
The load cylinder combination of column is used as second as the load cylinder combination that the first load cylinder and 1 or more are arranged in a linear
The loading force size of load cylinder, multiple load cylinders can be the same or different, thus by multiple load cylinders
It independently controls, a combination thereof effect is lower can to simulate the influence that non-uniformly distributed crustal stress situation destroys borehole wall.
Hole wall loading system includes pressure head 9, transmission force column 10 and hole wall load cylinder 11, hole wall load cylinder 11 and transmitting
It is connected through a screw thread between power column 10, load pressure head 11 specifically can be a load pressure head.The pressure head of hole wall loading system is arranged
In the square position of testing stand inner ring, the load pressure head 9 of hole wall loading system is parallel to the sliding rail of third direction along testing stand
It is mobile, loading Position of the load(ing) point of pressure head 9 on rock sample hole wall is loaded so as to control point.In addition it can
Arc-shaped slide rail is arranged in load 9 position of pressure head of hole wall loading system and the square position of testing stand inner ring, adds so as to control
The loading direction and loading position of loading point.Three-dimensional loading system and hole wall loading system and the contact surface position of rock sample 5 are set
It is equipped with stress and displacement sensor, for monitoring the stress on rock sample surface and displacement in loading procedure.
It is further to the structure of hole wall loading system to be designed, wherein load pressure head 9, transmission force column 10 and hole wall load
Oil cylinder 11 combines the loading structure for being in, can be using 1 or more the loading structure being arranged in a linear combination as hole wall load system
System, so as to simulate linear non-uniformly distributed load.In addition can also to load, pressure head is further is designed, loaded using face
Pressure head and linear loading pressure head, wherein load pressure head in face is made according to rock sample drilling cambered surface, with drilling cambered surface phase
Matched arc cushion block 14.Further to arc cushion block 14 to be designed, arc cushion block 14 can be by load plate 16, initial loading bullet
Power component 15 and connecting plate 17 are constituted, and initial loading elasticity part 15 is made of the unequal spring of multiple length, either
The unequal other elastomers composition of elastic force is fixed on connecting plate, the connection parallel with connecting plate 17 of load plate 16 by length arrangement
Afterwards, each elastomer of initial loading elasticity part 15 is squeezed by load plate 16, provides different loading forces according to experimental design, with
The linear loading pressure head is installed to fixed on transmission force column, the linear non-uniformly distributed load of offer in pressure head load by connecting plate afterwards
Lotus.
The experimental rig reduces the practical geology stress characteristics of borehole wall by three-dimensional loading system, and hole wall is utilized
Loading system loads simulation hole wall, is controlled and is loaded using servo-control system, to realize in-situ stress condition lower opening
The simulation of wall load.The experimental rig can be transformed by three conventional axis rock mechanics experiment machines and be completed, so low manufacture cost；
Hole wall loading system loads pressure head so as to realize various forms of loads, for the destruction machine for studying borehole wall by replacement
Reason provides convenience；The production of rock sample is by being divided into 4 parts along the radial direction of drilling, so as to realize identical geological conditions
Under repetition simulation test.
The test method that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress, utilizes a kind of above-mentioned simulation in-situ stress item
The experimental rig that hole wall loads under part, step include:
Step 1: production rock sample, field sampling rock are drilled with drilling along the axis of cuboid rock sample, along brill
Hole radial direction etc. divides rock sample, and guarantees the integrality of rock sample, the adaptable rock of manufactured size, shape and testing stand inner ring
Stone test specimen.When making rock sample, can prefabricated joint plane, fissure-plane the defects of, hole wall is former under the complex situations of model configuration face
Position stress test.
Step 2: rock sample is put to testing stand inner ring, according to the size adjusting three-dimensional loading system of rock sample
The position of pressure head, or the cushion block that installation dimension and rock sample match on pressure head.
Step 3: the load pressure head of installation hole wall loading system makes load pressure head be in contact with the cambered surface of rock sample, adjusts
Whole loading position；Various sizes of arc cushion block can be selected according to demand, and the equal of horizontal or vertical direction is applied to hole wall respectively
Cloth load and linear load.
Step 4: dust cover is removed, the oil pipe of servo-control system is fixedly connected with tubing interface.
Step 5: by servo-control system control the first load cylinder, the second load cylinder, third load cylinder and
The pressure head of hole wall loading system independently loads rock sample, including keeps the first load cylinder, the second load oil
The loading stress of cylinder and third load cylinder is constant, incrementally increases the loaded load of hole wall loading system.Wherein the first load oil
Cylinder and the second load cylinder are loaded by multiple small-sized load cylinders, and the loading force size of multiple small-sized load cylinders can
It can also be different with identical, thus by the independently control to multiple small-sized load cylinders, it can be with mould under a combination thereof effect
Intend under complex stress condition, the influence that non-uniformly distributed crustal stress situation destroys borehole wall.
Step 6: the stress on rock sample surface and displacement in real-time monitoring loading procedure, until test specimen unstable failure.
In step 3, when using face loads pressure head, hole wall uniform load situation is simulated, according to the monitoring data of step 6
Obtain the load-deformation curve of each plane and the load-displacement curves of hole wall load pressure head；When the linear face of use loads pressure head
When, hole wall linear load situation is simulated, obtains the load-deformation curve of each plane of rock sample according to the monitoring data of step 6
And the load-displacement curve of hole wall load pressure head；When point of use loads pressure head, hole wall concentrfated load situation is simulated, according to step
Rapid six monitoring data obtain the load-deformation curve of each plane of rock sample and the load-displacement curves of hole wall loading surface.
The experimental rig, indoor simulation rotary rock drill are operated using the test method that hole wall under the conditions of simulation in-situ stress loads
The hole hole wall stress under stress state in situ, can preferably in Study of The Underground engineering-environment rock mechanics parameter, also have
Have that operation is simple, flexibly, measurement accuracy is high for test, meets the advantages that engineering is practical.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck
The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that the technical staff in domain is made within the essential scope of the present invention also should belong to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. the experimental rig that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress, including testing stand, pedestal, column and top beam, examination
It tests platform to be fixed on the base, column is provided between pedestal and top beam, characterized in that further include that three-dimensional loading system, hole wall add
Loading system and servo-control system, the servo-control system control three-dimensional loading system and hole wall loading system are respectively to rock
Test specimen is loaded, and the three-dimensional loading system includes the loading device on first direction, second direction and third direction, described
The plane that the loading direction of hole wall loading system is parallel to first direction and second direction determines；The rock sample is axis position
It installs the cuboid for being equipped with drilling and is radially divided into along hole wall 4 parts and be made, the load pressure head of the hole wall loading system
Fan-shaped column is coniform.
2. the experimental rig that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress according to claim 1, characterized in that institute
State that first direction, second direction and third direction are vertical two-by-two, the third direction is parallel with the setting direction of column；The hole
Wall loading system loads cambered surface where the borehole wall of rock sample by hole wall load cylinder.
3. the experimental rig that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress according to claim 2, characterized in that institute
State that testing stand is annular in shape, the outer ring of testing stand is rounded, and inner ring is square；The testing stand has circumferentially been arranged symmetrically multiple circles
Hole, circular hole is along same circumference.
4. the experimental rig that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress according to claim 3, characterized in that institute
Stating three-dimensional loading system includes the first load cylinder, the second load cylinder and third load cylinder, the first load cylinder and second
Load cylinder is arranged on the adjacent side wall of testing stand inner ring, and third load cylinder is arranged below testing stand and to top beam side
Load.
5. the experimental rig that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress according to claim 3, characterized in that institute
It states and is provided with tubing interface on the first load cylinder, the second load cylinder and hole wall load cylinder, screw thread connects at tubing interface
It is connected to dust cover；Servo-control system is fixedly connected by oil pipe with tubing interface after removing dust cover.
6. the experimental rig that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress according to claim 1, characterized in that institute
Stating hole wall loading system includes load pressure head, transmission force column and hole wall load cylinder, between the load pressure head and transmission force column
It is connected through a screw thread, load pressure head includes face load pressure head, point load pressure head and linear loading pressure head.
7. the experimental rig that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress according to claim 6, characterized in that institute
The square position of testing stand inner ring, the load cylinder of the hole wall loading system is arranged in the load cylinder for stating hole wall loading system
The sliding rail that third direction is parallel to along testing stand moves.
8. the experimental rig that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress according to claim 1, characterized in that institute
The contact surface position for stating three-dimensional loading system and hole wall loading system and rock sample is provided with stress and displacement sensor.
9. the test method that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress, utilizes claim 1 to 8 described in any item one
The experimental rig that hole wall loads under the conditions of kind of simulation in-situ stress, which is characterized in that step includes:
Step 1: production rock sample, including field sampling rock are drilled with drilling along the axis of cuboid rock sample, along brill
Hole radial direction etc. divides rock sample, the rock sample that manufactured size and testing stand inner ring are adapted；
Step 2: rock sample is put to testing stand inner ring, according to the load pressure of the size adjusting three-dimensional loading system of rock sample
The position of head, or the cushion block that installation dimension and rock sample match on load pressure head；
Step 3: the load pressure head of installation hole wall loading system makes load pressure head be in contact with the cambered surface of rock sample；
Step 4: dust cover is removed, the oil pipe of servo-control system is fixedly connected with tubing interface；
Step 5: the first load cylinder, the second load cylinder, third load cylinder and hole wall are controlled by servo-control system
The load pressure head of loading system independently loads rock sample, including keeps the first load cylinder, the second load oil
The load of cylinder and third load cylinder is constant, incrementally increases the ram load of hole wall loading system；
Step 6: the stress on rock sample surface and displacement in real-time monitoring loading procedure, until test specimen unstable failure.
10. the test method that hole wall loads under the conditions of a kind of simulation in-situ stress according to claim 9, feature exist
In, in the step 3, when using face loads pressure head, simulation hole wall uniform load situation；When point of use loads pressure head, mould
Quasi- hole wall concentrfated load situation；When using linear loading pressure head, hole wall linear load situation is simulated；According to step 6
Monitoring data obtain the load-deformation curve of each plane of rock sample and the load-displacement curves of hole wall load pressure head.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111006857A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-14 | 太原理工大学 | Loading device for horizontal load thrust test of glass breast board and protective railing |
| CN112014240A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-01 | 山东科技大学 | Rock mass shearing parameter evaluation method based on in-situ surface single fracture |
| CN115127716A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-09-30 | 云南省交通投资建设集团有限公司 | Rock mass parameter in-situ test system and method by small local wall stress relief method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111006857A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-14 | 太原理工大学 | Loading device for horizontal load thrust test of glass breast board and protective railing |
| CN112014240A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-01 | 山东科技大学 | Rock mass shearing parameter evaluation method based on in-situ surface single fracture |
| CN112014240B (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2023-11-24 | 山东科技大学 | Rock mass shearing parameter evaluation method based on in-situ surface single fracture |
| CN115127716A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-09-30 | 云南省交通投资建设集团有限公司 | Rock mass parameter in-situ test system and method by small local wall stress relief method |
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