CN110425011A - A kind of optimal control method of power station steam turbine group axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system - Google Patents

A kind of optimal control method of power station steam turbine group axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110425011A
CN110425011A CN201910696423.4A CN201910696423A CN110425011A CN 110425011 A CN110425011 A CN 110425011A CN 201910696423 A CN201910696423 A CN 201910696423A CN 110425011 A CN110425011 A CN 110425011A
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steam
valve
pneumatic
pneumatic door
axle envelope
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CN201910696423.4A
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CN110425011B (en
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宋晓辉
伍刚
李晓飞
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/02Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
    • F01D11/04Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type using sealing fluid, e.g. steam
    • F01D11/06Control thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D21/00Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
    • F01D21/003Arrangements for testing or measuring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of power station steam turbine group axle envelope and the optimal control methods of valve level leakage steam system, it include: unit starting initial stage, gland steam is supplied by auxiliary steam, by shaft seal steam electric heater auto-adjustment control inlet temperature, shaft seal steam regulating valve automatically controls axle envelope main-piping pressure and maintains 3.5kPa;First pneumatic door and the 4th pneumatic door are opened, and third electrically operated gate is closed, and Pneumatic steam trap valve is opened, and shaft seal overflow tune valve automatically tracks axle envelope main-piping pressure;When set grid-connection on-load is to 20%THA, and five sections of extraction pressures are greater than 0.04MPa, and third electrically operated gate starts to automatically turn at this time, while keeping Pneumatic steam trap valve standard-sized sheet;When unit load steps up 70%THA or more, gland seal system is in sealing state, shaft seal steam tune valve is automatically closed, shaft seal overflow tune valve automatically turns on, this method can ensure gland seal system and door rod leakage vapour in unit starting, be incorporated into the power networks and the overall process phase security of removal of load etc., reliable and energy-efficient operation.

Description

A kind of optimal control method of power station steam turbine group axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system
Technical field
The invention belongs to steam turbine gland systems and door rod to leak vapor reformation optimisation technique field, be related to a kind of power station steam turbine The optimal control method of group axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system.
Background technique
Turbine shaft seal and valve level leakage steam system are the important components of steam turbine, and major function is to steam turbine The valve rod packing of axle envelope and stop valve, regulating valve provides sealed steam.In the high intermediate pressure cylinder section of steam turbine, the function of gland seal system Can prevent steam from leaking out, to ensure that steam turbine has higher efficiency.In the low pressure (LP) cylinder region of steam turbine, gland seal system Function is to prevent extraneous air from entering inside steam turbine, guarantees that steam turbine has the efficient of as high as possible vacuum degree and steam turbine Rate.Gland seal system is mainly by the equipment such as sealing device, gland steam main pipe, gland heater and corresponding valve, pipe-line system It is constituted.
For vapour 660-1000MW extra-supercritical unit upper for typical case, gland seal system proposes its steam supply vapour source parameter tight Lattice limit (280~320 DEG C of temperature, 0.5~0.8MPa of pressure), to guarantee that unit meets design requirement under any operating condition. And unit not can avoid the operating condition for accident chaser occur in actual operation, if shaft seal steam temperature and rotor after unit chaser The excessive risk that may cause big axis locking of temperature deviation.In addition the presence in the door rod gap of main inlet throttle-stop valve, pitch, is bound to cause Some vapor leakage, and this door rod leaks vapour in removal process if control is improper to will result in rushing for door rod packing_seal face Brush loss, therefore propose the control strategy of a kind of effectively reliable axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system for realizing Steam Turbine whole A initial operation phase it is safe and reliable most important.
In order to build effective control loop, the axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system being newly transformed increase high-pressure main throttle valve, height Pressure adjust door to axle envelope main pipe pneumatic door, increase high-pressure main throttle valve to condenser pneumatic door, high voltage adjusting door to No. 7 it is low plus Pneumatic door, increases hydrophobic before high pressure cylinder chamber gas leakage to intermediate pressure cylinder communicating pipe electrically operated gate and the electrically operated gate, increases high pressure cylinder Chamber gas leakage increases height to the temperature point of mesolow communicating pipe interface temperature point, pressure-measuring-point and the drain port Cylinder pressure packing matching, reduces the thermal stress of packing chamber and rotor.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of power station steam turbine group axle envelope and door are provided Bar leak vapour system optimal control method, this method can ensure gland seal system and door rod leakage vapour in unit starting, be incorporated into the power networks And the overall process phase security, reliable and energy-efficient operation of removal of load etc..
In order to achieve the above objectives, the optimal control side of power station steam turbine group axle envelope of the present invention and valve level leakage steam system Method, the power station steam turbine group axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system include that high pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder, low pressure (LP) cylinder and axle envelope main pipe are connected Logical, high pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder are connected with axle envelope main pipe, and one end of the first pneumatic door is connected with condenser, and first The other end of pneumatic door is connected with one end of one end of high-pressure main throttle valve and the second pneumatic door, the other end of high-pressure main throttle valve with One end of high voltage adjusting door is connected, one end of the other end of high voltage adjusting door and one end of third pneumatic door and the 4th pneumatic door It is connected, the other end of the 4th pneumatic door is connected with No. 7 low-pressure heaters, the other end, the third pneumatic door of the second pneumatic door The other end, one end of shaft seal steam tune valve and one end of shaft seal overflow tune valve be connected with axle envelope main pipe, shaft seal steam tune valve The other end be connected through shaft seal steam regulating valve and shaft seal steam electric heater with auxiliary steam seal header, shaft seal overflow tune valve The other end is connected with one end of one end of the first electrically operated gate and the second electrically operated gate, the other end and the condenser phase of the first electrically operated gate Connection, the other end of the second electrically operated gate are connected with No. 8 low-pressure heaters, one end of high pressure cylinder axle envelope chamber and third electrically operated gate And one end of Pneumatic steam trap valve is connected, the other end of third electrically operated gate is connected with intermediate pressure cylinder, the other end of Pneumatic steam trap valve It is connected with hydrophobic development unit, comprising the following steps:
Unit starting initial stage, gland steam are supplied by auxiliary steam, pass through shaft seal steam electric heater auto-adjustment control Inlet temperature, shaft seal steam regulating valve automatically control axle envelope main-piping pressure and maintain 3.5kPa;First pneumatic door and the 4th is pneumatically Door is opened, and third electrically operated gate is closed, and Pneumatic steam trap valve is opened, and shaft seal overflow tune valve automatically tracks axle envelope main-piping pressure, and is opening Dynamic initial stage is in close state, and to maintain shaft seal steam temperature between 280 DEG C~320 DEG C, axle envelope main-piping pressure is 3.5kPa;
When set grid-connection on-load is to 20%THA, and five sections of extraction pressures are greater than 0.04MPa, at this time third electrically operated gate Start to automatically turn on, wherein opening sequence is according to first opening 2s, then stops the mode of 10s gradually partially unrolling is to standard-sized sheet position, to subtract Few high pressure cylinder chamber self-sealing steam flow enters the disturbance during low pressure stage to entire axle envelope main-piping pressure, while keeping pneumatic and dredging Water valve standard-sized sheet;
When unit load steps up 70%THA or more, gland seal system reaches self-sealing state, shaft seal steam tune Valve is automatically closed, and shaft seal overflow tune valve automatically turns on, and tracking maintains axle envelope main-piping pressure 3.5kPa.
In the on-load stage, when there is accident chaser or removal of load operating condition, while determining that main steam temperature is higher than 510 DEG C When, the second pneumatic door automatically turns on after chaser, while the first pneumatic door of chain closing, the chain pass of third electrically operated gate after steam turbine chaser It closes, Pneumatic steam trap valve is kept unimpeded.
In the unit starting stage, when steam turbine hangs lock or the second pneumatic door reaches position disappearance, then the first pneumatic door is chain It opens;
When the second pneumatic door reaches, the first pneumatic door of chain closing.
In the unit starting stage, when steam turbine hangs lock, No. 7 low-pressure heater water inlet electrically operated gates reach position and No. 7 low plus water outlets When electrically operated gate reaches or when the second pneumatic door open position disappears, then the 4th chain unlatching of pneumatic door;
When the second pneumatic door reaches, the 4th pneumatic door of chain closing.
In the unit starting stage, when steam turbine hangs lock and No. 7 low-pressure heater water inlet electrically operated gates reach position disappearance, when No. 7 Low-pressure heater water outlet electrically operated gate reaches when position disappears or when the 4th pneumatic door open position disappears, then the 4th pneumatic door is chain opens It opens;
When the 4th pneumatic door reaches, the second pneumatic door of chain closing.
The invention has the following advantages:
Power station steam turbine group axle envelope of the present invention and the optimal control method of valve level leakage steam system when specific operation, Ensure that unit can be switched over automatically from the overall process for starting to oepration at full load by gland sealing steam supply requirement, effectively realization door Bar leaks the transfer sequence in vapour vapour source place to go, and mitigation door rod leakage vapour is impaired for washing away for packing_seal face to the greatest extent, simultaneously The unlatching step sequence of electrically operated gate between high pressure cylinder chamber leakage vapour and intermediate pressure cylinder is proposed, switching is flat in demonstration unit running process Surely, very little is disturbed to axle envelope main-piping pressure, to greatly improve the peace of Steam Turbine gland seal system and door rod leakage automotive row Full property and reliability, it is ensured that gland seal system and door rod leakage vapour in unit starting, be incorporated into the power networks and the overall process stage of removal of load etc. Safe and reliable and energy-efficient operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of power station steam turbine group axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system in the present invention.
Wherein, 1 be shaft seal steam electric heater, 2 be shaft seal steam regulating valve, 3 be shaft seal steam tune valve, 4 be axle envelope overflow Flow adjustment valve, 5 for the first electrically operated gate, 6 be the second electrically operated gate, 7 be high-pressure main throttle valve, 8 be high voltage adjusting door, 9 be the first pneumatic door, 10 be the second pneumatic door, 11 be third pneumatic door, 12 be the 4th pneumatic door, 13 be third electrically operated gate, 14 be Pneumatic steam trap valve.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
With reference to Fig. 1, the power station steam turbine group axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system include high pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder, low pressure Cylinder and axle envelope main pipe are connected, and high pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder are connected with axle envelope main pipe, one end of the first pneumatic door 9 with Condenser is connected, and the other end of the first pneumatic door 9 is connected with one end of one end of high-pressure main throttle valve 7 and the second pneumatic door 10 Logical, the other end of high-pressure main throttle valve 7 is connected with one end of high voltage adjusting door 8, and the other end and third of high voltage adjusting door 8 are pneumatic One end of door 11 and one end of the 4th pneumatic door 12 are connected, and the other end of the 4th pneumatic door 12 is connected with No. 7 low-pressure heaters It is logical, the other end of the second pneumatic door 10, the other end of third pneumatic door 11, one end of shaft seal steam tune valve 3 and shaft seal overflow tune One end of valve 4 is connected with axle envelope main pipe, and the other end of shaft seal steam tune valve 3 is through shaft seal steam regulating valve 2 and shaft seal steam electricity Heater 1 is connected with auxiliary steam seal header, one end and the second electricity of the other end of shaft seal overflow tune valve 4 and the first electrically operated gate 5 One end of dynamic door 6 is connected, and the other end of the first electrically operated gate 5 is connected with condenser, the other end of the second electrically operated gate 6 and No. 8 Low-pressure heater is connected, and high pressure cylinder axle envelope chamber is connected with one end of one end of third electrically operated gate 13 and Pneumatic steam trap valve 14 Logical, the other end of third electrically operated gate 13 is connected with intermediate pressure cylinder, and the other end of Pneumatic steam trap valve 14 is connected with hydrophobic development unit.
Power station steam turbine group axle envelope of the present invention and the optimal control method of valve level leakage steam system the following steps are included:
Unit starting initial stage, gland steam are supplied by auxiliary steam, pass through 1 auto-adjustment control of shaft seal steam electric heater Inlet temperature, shaft seal steam regulating valve 2 automatically control axle envelope main-piping pressure and maintain 3.5kPa;First pneumatic door 9 and the 4th gas Dynamic door 12 is opened, and third electrically operated gate 13 is closed, and Pneumatic steam trap valve 14 is opened, and shaft seal overflow tune valve 4 automatically tracks axle envelope main pipe pressure Power, and be in close state in initial start stage, to maintain shaft seal steam temperature between 280 DEG C~320 DEG C, axle envelope main-piping pressure For 3.5kPa;
In the unit starting stage, when steam turbine hangs lock or the second pneumatic door 10 reaches position disappearance, then the first pneumatic door 9 connects Lock is opened, when the second pneumatic door 10 reaches, the first pneumatic door 9 of chain closing.
In the unit starting stage, when steam turbine hangs lock, No. 7 low-pressure heater water inlet electrically operated gates reach position and No. 7 low plus water outlets When electrically operated gate reaches or when 10 open position of the second pneumatic door disappears, then the chain unlatching of the 4th pneumatic door 12, when the second pneumatic door 10 when reaching, the 4th pneumatic door 12 of chain closing.
In the unit starting stage, when steam turbine hangs lock and No. 7 low-pressure heater water inlet electrically operated gates reach position disappearance, when No. 7 Low-pressure heater water outlet electrically operated gate reaches when position disappears or when 14 open position of the 4th pneumatic door disappears, then the 4th pneumatic door 14 connects Lock is opened, when the 4th pneumatic door 14 reaches, the second pneumatic door 10 of chain closing.
When set grid-connection on-load is to 20%THA, and five sections of extraction pressures are greater than 0.04MPa, at this time third electrically operated gate 13 start to automatically turn on, wherein opening sequence according to first opening 2s, then stop the mode of 10s gradually partially unrolling to standard-sized sheet position, with It reduces high pressure cylinder chamber self-sealing steam flow and enters disturbance of the low pressure stage in the process to entire axle envelope main-piping pressure, while keeping pneumatic 14 standard-sized sheet of drain valve;
When unit load steps up 70%THA or more, gland seal system reaches self-sealing state, shaft seal steam tune Valve 3 is automatically closed, and shaft seal overflow tune valve 4 automatically turns on, and tracking maintains axle envelope main-piping pressure 3.5kPa.
In the on-load stage, when there is accident chaser or removal of load operating condition, while determining that main steam temperature is higher than 510 DEG C When, the second pneumatic door 10 automatically turns on after chaser, while the first pneumatic door 9 of chain closing, third electrically operated gate 13 after steam turbine chaser Chain closing, Pneumatic steam trap valve 14 are kept unimpeded.
In the practical debugging of demonstration unit, after unit chaser, in addition to guaranteeing that the above Automatic Control Strategy is all normal anti- Feedback, it is also necessary to it is hydrophobic before cooperation closing main steam line and high side valve, vapour is leaked by main inlet throttle-stop valve door rod using main steam condition and is protected The pressure of testimony shaft seal steam main pipe is stablized, while passing through shaft seal steam electric heating using the cold section of vapour source for auxiliary steam header Device 1 is supplied to axle envelope main pipe after adjusting, and two-way vapour source ensure that the safe and reliable of gland seal system, while reduce chaser rear shaft seal The risk for causing big axis locking is mismatched for stripping temperature and temperature of rotor.It can be with using this method gland seal system in debugging process Guarantee 6 hours shaft seal steams, vacuum may be implemented to the continuity of shaft seal steam before zero, guarantee that equipment safety is stopped transport, realize machine The hot emergent restoring of group.After optimizing axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system, the guaranteed reliability of unit tripping rear shaft seal vapour source is improved, Guarantee existing vapour source minimization of loss, it is ensured that important vapour source normally comes into operation, to guarantee main equipment security reliability and flexibility, really Hot recovery can be carried out by protecting which kind of situation in office, under the premise of guaranteeing unit safety first, pursued economic interests and maximized.
It is as described in this embodiment that specific embodiments are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention.Skill belonging to the present invention The technical staff in art field can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or using similar side Formula substitution, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. the optimal control method of a kind of power station steam turbine group axle envelope and valve level leakage steam system, the power station steam turbine group axle envelope and Valve level leakage steam system includes that high pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder, low pressure (LP) cylinder and axle envelope main pipe are connected, high pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder with Axle envelope main pipe is connected, and one end of the first pneumatic door (9) is connected with condenser, the other end and high pressure of the first pneumatic door (9) One end of main inlet throttle-stop valve (7) and one end of the second pneumatic door (10) are connected, the other end and high voltage adjusting door of high-pressure main throttle valve (7) (8) one end is connected, the other end of high voltage adjusting door (8) and the one end of third pneumatic door (11) and the 4th pneumatic door (12) One end is connected, and the other end of the 4th pneumatic door (12) is connected with No. 7 low-pressure heaters, the second pneumatic door (10) it is another End, the other end of third pneumatic door (11), one end of shaft seal steam tune valve (3) and shaft seal overflow tune valve (4) one end and axle envelope Main pipe is connected, the other end of shaft seal steam tune valve (3) through shaft seal steam regulating valve (2) and shaft seal steam electric heater (1) with Auxiliary steam seal header is connected, the other end of shaft seal overflow tune valve (4) and one end and the second electrically operated gate of the first electrically operated gate (5) (6) one end is connected, and the other end of the first electrically operated gate (5) is connected with condenser, the other end and 8 of the second electrically operated gate (6) Number low-pressure heater is connected, high pressure cylinder axle envelope chamber and the one end of third electrically operated gate (13) and one end of Pneumatic steam trap valve (14) It is connected, the other end of third electrically operated gate (13) is connected with intermediate pressure cylinder, the other end and dewatering capacity-enlarging of Pneumatic steam trap valve (14) Device is connected, which comprises the following steps:
Unit starting initial stage, gland steam are supplied by auxiliary steam, by shaft seal steam electric heater (1) auto-adjustment control into Mouth temperature, shaft seal steam regulating valve (2) automatically control axle envelope main-piping pressure and maintain 3.5kPa;First pneumatic door (9) and the 4th Pneumatic door (12) is opened, and third electrically operated gate (13) is closed, and Pneumatic steam trap valve (14) is opened, and shaft seal overflow tune valve (4) automatically tracks Axle envelope main-piping pressure, and be in close state in initial start stage, to maintain shaft seal steam temperature between 280 DEG C~320 DEG C, axis Envelope main-piping pressure is 3.5kPa;
When set grid-connection on-load is to 20%THA, and five sections of extraction pressures are greater than 0.04MPa, at this time third electrically operated gate (13) Start to automatically turn on, wherein opening sequence is according to first opening 2s, then stops the mode of 10s gradually partially unrolling is to standard-sized sheet position, to subtract Few high pressure cylinder chamber self-sealing steam flow enters the disturbance during low pressure stage to entire axle envelope main-piping pressure, while keeping pneumatic and dredging Water valve (14) standard-sized sheet;
When unit load steps up 70%THA or more, gland seal system reaches self-sealing state, shaft seal steam tune valve (3) it is automatically closed, shaft seal overflow tune valve (4) automatically turns on, and tracking maintains axle envelope main-piping pressure 3.5kPa.
2. the optimal control method of power station steam turbine group axle envelope according to claim 1 and valve level leakage steam system, feature It is, in the on-load stage, when there is accident chaser or removal of load operating condition, while determining that main steam temperature is higher than 510 DEG C, The second pneumatic door (10) automatically turns on after chaser, while the first pneumatic door of chain closing (9), third electrically operated gate after steam turbine chaser (13) chain closing, Pneumatic steam trap valve (14) are kept unimpeded.
3. the optimal control method of power station steam turbine group axle envelope according to claim 1 and valve level leakage steam system, feature It is, in the unit starting stage, when steam turbine hangs lock or the second pneumatic door (10) reaches position and disappears, then the first pneumatic door (9) Chain unlatching;
When the second pneumatic door (10) reaches, the first pneumatic door of chain closing (9).
4. the optimal control method of power station steam turbine group axle envelope according to claim 1 and valve level leakage steam system, feature It is, in the unit starting stage, when steam turbine hangs lock, No. 7 low-pressure heaters water inlet electrically operated gates reach position and No. 7 low plus water outlet is electronic When door reaches or when the second pneumatic door (10) open position disappears, then the 4th pneumatic door (12) chain unlatching;
When the second pneumatic door (10) reaches, the 4th pneumatic door (12) of chain closing.
5. the optimal control method of power station steam turbine group axle envelope according to claim 1 and valve level leakage steam system, feature It is, in the unit starting stage, when steam turbine hangs lock and No. 7 low-pressure heater water inlet electrically operated gates reach position disappearance, when No. 7 low pressure Heater water outlet electrically operated gate reaches when position disappears or when the 4th pneumatic door (14) open position disappears, then the 4th pneumatic door (14) connects Lock is opened;
When the 4th pneumatic door (14) reaches, the second pneumatic door of chain closing (10).
CN201910696423.4A 2019-07-30 2019-07-30 Optimal control method for shaft seal and door rod steam leakage system of power station steam turbine unit Active CN110425011B (en)

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CN112302735A (en) * 2020-10-26 2021-02-02 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 Steam turbine main valve auxiliary system and control method thereof
CN112302735B (en) * 2020-10-26 2022-08-02 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 Steam turbine main valve auxiliary system and control method thereof
CN114112411A (en) * 2021-10-30 2022-03-01 国家能源集团华北电力有限公司廊坊热电厂 Steam turbine shaft seal system state monitoring system and method
CN114112411B (en) * 2021-10-30 2023-09-08 国家能源集团华北电力有限公司廊坊热电厂 Steam turbine shaft seal system state monitoring system and method
CN114934817A (en) * 2022-04-28 2022-08-23 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 Shaft seal steam supply system of medium-low pressure cylinder type steam turbine and operation method
CN114934817B (en) * 2022-04-28 2023-11-17 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 Shaft seal steam supply system of middle-low pressure cylinder type steam turbine and operation method

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