CN110423012B - Glass powder for PERC aluminum paste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Glass powder for PERC aluminum paste and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110423012B CN110423012B CN201910733550.7A CN201910733550A CN110423012B CN 110423012 B CN110423012 B CN 110423012B CN 201910733550 A CN201910733550 A CN 201910733550A CN 110423012 B CN110423012 B CN 110423012B
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses glass powder for PERC aluminum paste and a preparation method thereof, wherein the glass powder comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 5-15% of bismuth oxide, 0% or 5-10% of lead oxide, 20-30% of boron oxide, 20-30% of vanadium pentoxide, 3-10% of zinc oxide, 15-25% of barium oxide, 0-5% of calcium oxide and/or magnesium oxide, 0-6% of aluminum phosphate and/or zinc phosphate, and 0-3% of aluminum oxide; the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100 percent. Through reasonable matching of different components, melt formed by melting the prepared glass powder has good leveling property, good wettability and cohesiveness to a silicon substrate and aluminum powder, small corrosivity to a passivation film on the back of the PERC cell, excellent adhesive force can be ensured under the condition of not influencing the passivation effect, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar PERC cell can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to low-temperature glass powder for photovoltaic slurry, in particular to glass powder for PERC aluminum slurry and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The core of the difference between PERC and conventional photovoltaic cells is the addition of a back side passivation film to improve conversion efficiency. PERC cells maximize the potential gradient across the P-N junction, which allows for more stable flow of electrons, reducing electron recombination to achieve higher efficiency levels.
The metallization process of the PERC battery can still adopt a screen printing process, but the back structure of the PERC battery is changed due to the addition of a passivation layer, so that the requirements on the performance of the conductive paste are different from those of the conventional battery paste. In the conventional process of local metallization of the back surface of conductive aluminum paste, because the content of bismuth oxide and lead oxide which have strong corrosivity on a passivation film in the components is about 50%, and the components have a strong damage effect on the passivation film, the problem of aluminum back field cavities can be encountered, namely an aluminum back field is not formed in a local metal contact area, silicon is dissolved into aluminum to form cavities, and the contact resistance is improved and the filling factor is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the glass powder for the PERC aluminum paste, which is simple to prepare, has small corrosion to a passivation film and excellent adhesive force.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is to design glass powder for PERC aluminum paste, and the glass powder comprises, by weight, 5-15% of bismuth oxide, 0% or 5-10% of lead oxide, 20-30% of boron oxide, 20-30% of vanadium pentoxide, 3-10% of zinc oxide, 15-25% of barium oxide, 0-5% of calcium oxide and/or magnesium oxide, 0-6% of aluminum phosphate and/or zinc phosphate, and 0-3% of aluminum oxide; the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100 percent.
Bismuth oxide and lead oxide in a glass structure forming body in the formula have strong corrosivity on a passivation film, boron oxide and vanadium pentoxide have no corrosive effect on the passivation film, and the glass structure forming body has low melting point and excellent leveling property. Therefore, compared with the conventional glass powder, the content of bismuth oxide and lead oxide is reduced, the content of boron oxide and vanadium pentoxide is increased, the corrosion of the glass powder to a passivation film is reduced, and simultaneously, the glass can well wet a silicon substrate and aluminum powder after being melted.
Boron oxide and vanadium pentoxide are oxygen deficient, and therefore, barium oxide and zinc oxide are used to supply oxygen. Barium oxide is an ionic compound and can be completely ionized, but the activity of free oxygen is not strong. However, zinc oxide is not very strong in oxygen supply capacity because zinc is a transition metal. Therefore, a small amount of magnesium oxide or calcium oxide with strong oxygen supply capacity is added, so that the oxygen supply capacity is better and more sufficient.
The aluminum oxide can assist in melting glass and improve the physical and mechanical properties of the glass, the aluminum phosphate or the zinc phosphate can also assist in melting glass and also can improve the surface interface activity of the glass, the bonding capacity of the glass, a silicon substrate of the PERC battery piece and aluminum powder is enhanced, and the stable glass powder is obtained by water quenching and ball milling after being melted in a muffle furnace.
Further preferred technical scheme is characterized in that the weight of bismuth oxide, boron oxide and vanadium pentoxide accounts for more than 55% of the total weight of all oxides.
Further preferably, the weight of the barium oxide, the zinc phosphate and the zinc oxide accounts for 20-31% of the total weight of the glass powder raw materials.
Further preferably, the weight of the bismuth oxide and the lead oxide accounts for less than 12% of the total weight of the glass powder raw materials.
The method for preparing the glass powder comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the proportion;
(2) adding the raw materials into a mixer, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, filling the mixed powder into a quartz crucible, and baking in an oven;
(3) putting the material powder into a muffle furnace to be melted into molten glass;
(4) pouring the glass liquid into pure water, and performing water quenching to prepare glass particles;
(5) drying the glass particles, adding the glass particles into a ball milling tank, adding zirconia balls and a medium isopropanol, and carrying out ball milling;
(6) and screening the ball-milled glass powder by using a 500-mesh screen, drying, crushing and screening to obtain the dried glass powder with the median particle size D50 of 1.5-2 mu m and the maximum particle size D100 of less than 15 mu m.
Further preferably, the baking temperature in the step (2) is controlled at 200 ℃, and the baking time is 2 hours.
Further preferably, the smelting temperature in the step (3) is 1000-.
Further preferably, in the step (5), the ratio of the zirconia balls to the glass particles to the isopropanol is 6-10:1: 1.
Further preferably, in the step (5), the ball milling frequency is 20-24Hz, and the ball milling time is 8-16 h.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the glass powder for the PERC aluminum paste is prepared by reasonably matching different components, the melt formed by melting the glass powder has good leveling property, good wettability and cohesiveness to a silicon substrate and aluminum powder, little corrosion to a passivation film on the back of a PERC cell, and can ensure good adhesive force without influencing the passivation effect and remarkably improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar PERC cell.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and the following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in the embodiment of the invention, the glass powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10% of bismuth oxide, 24% of boron oxide, 26% of vanadium pentoxide, 6% of zinc oxide, 24% of barium oxide, 3% of calcium oxide, 5% of aluminum phosphate and 2% of aluminum oxide.
The preparation of the organic binder comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the proportion;
(2) adding the required raw materials into a mixer, mixing for 20min to obtain mixed powder, filling the mixed powder into a quartz crucible, and baking in an oven, wherein the baking temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, and the baking time is 2 h;
(3) putting the material powder into a muffle furnace for melting at 1100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1h to melt the material powder into molten glass;
(4) pouring the glass liquid into pure water at 25 ℃, water-quenching to obtain glass particles, and drying at 150 ℃;
(5) adding the dried glass particles into a ball milling tank, and ball milling by adopting zirconia balls and dispersing agent isopropanol, wherein the ratio of the isopropanol to the glass particles is 10:1:1, the ball milling frequency is 20-24Hz, and the ball milling time is 12 h;
(6) and screening the ball-milled glass powder by using a 500-mesh screen, and drying to obtain the dry glass powder with the particle size D50 smaller than 2 mu m.
The glass transition temperature of the glass powder prepared by the method is 540 ℃, the PERC aluminum paste prepared from the glass powder is printed and coated on the surface of the PERC solar cell, after sintering, the appearance is good, the warpage is less than 1.8mm, and the test tensile value is more than 20N. Decocting in water at 85 deg.C for 20min, taking out, and observing for no fogging and blackening. Meanwhile, the electrical properties of the sintered silicon wafer were tested, and the data results are shown in table 1. Compared with the normal process of a production line, the conversion efficiency is improved by 0.06%, and the efficiency of the solar cell module is remarkably improved.
Table 1 electrical performance results for example one
| Item | EF(％) | UOC(V) | ISC(A) | RSC(Ω) | RS(Ω) | FF(％) |
| Comparison of | 21.2 | 0.664 | 9.685 | 52.1 | 0.0022 | 80.47 |
| Example 1 sample | 21.26 | 0.666 | 9.688 | 58.96 | 0.0021 | 80.52 |
Note: EF is the conversion efficiency; UOC is open circuit voltage; ISC is short-circuit current; RSC is a parallel resistor; RS is a series resistor; FF is the fill factor.
Example two
The glass powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8% of bismuth oxide, 4% of lead oxide, 22% of boron oxide, 27% of vanadium pentoxide, 5% of zinc oxide, 25% of barium oxide, 2% of magnesium oxide, 4% of zinc phosphate and 3% of aluminum oxide.
The preparation of the organic binder comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the proportion;
(2) adding the required raw materials into a mixer, mixing for 20min to obtain mixed powder, filling the mixed powder into a quartz crucible, and baking in an oven, wherein the baking temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, and the baking time is 2 h;
(3) putting the material powder into a muffle furnace for melting at 1050 ℃ for 1h to obtain molten glass;
(4) pouring the glass liquid into pure water at 25 ℃, water-quenching to obtain glass particles, and drying at 150 ℃;
(5) adding the dried glass particles into a ball milling tank, and ball milling by adopting zirconia balls and isopropanol serving as a dispersing agent, wherein the ratio of the isopropanol to the glass particles is 10:1:1, the ball milling frequency is 20-24Hz, and the ball milling time is 14 h;
(6) and screening the ball-milled glass powder by using a 500-mesh screen, and drying to obtain the dry glass powder with the particle size D50 smaller than 2 mu m.
The glass transition temperature of the glass powder prepared by the method is 530 ℃, the PERC aluminum paste prepared from the glass powder is printed and coated on the surface of the PERC solar cell, after sintering, the appearance is good, the warpage is less than 1.8mm, and the test tensile value is more than 20N. Decocting in water at 85 deg.C for 20min, taking out, and observing for no fogging and blackening. Meanwhile, the electrical properties of the sintered silicon wafer were tested, and the data results are shown in table 2. Compared with the normal process of a production line, the conversion efficiency is improved by 0.11%, and the efficiency of the solar cell module is remarkably improved.
Table 2 electrical property test results of example two
| Item | EF(％) | UOC(V) | ISC(A) | RSC(Ω) | RS(Ω) | FF(％) |
| Comparison of | 21.77 | 0.674 | 9.809 | 30.41 | 0.0019 | 80.42 |
| Example 2 sample | 21.88 | 0.674 | 9.786 | 52.67 | 0.0018 | 80.67 |
EXAMPLE III
The glass powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5% of bismuth oxide, 6% of lead oxide, 26% of boron oxide, 21% of vanadium pentoxide, 8% of zinc oxide, 23% of barium oxide, 3% of calcium oxide, 6% of zinc phosphate and 2% of aluminum oxide.
The preparation of the organic binder comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the components according to the proportion;
(2) adding the required raw materials into a mixer, mixing for 20min to obtain mixed powder, filling the mixed powder into a quartz crucible, and baking in an oven, wherein the baking temperature is controlled at 200 ℃, and the baking time is 2 h;
(3) putting the material powder into a muffle furnace for melting at 1050 ℃ for 1h to obtain molten glass;
(4) pouring the glass liquid into pure water at 25 ℃, water-quenching to obtain glass particles, and drying at 150 ℃;
(5) adding the dried glass particles into a ball milling tank, and ball milling by adopting zirconia balls and isopropanol serving as a dispersing agent, wherein the ratio of the isopropanol to the glass particles is 10:1:1, the ball milling frequency is 20-24Hz, and the ball milling time is 10 h;
(6) and screening the ball-milled glass powder by using a 500-mesh screen, and drying to obtain the dry glass powder with the particle size D50 smaller than 2 mu m.
The glass transition temperature of the glass powder prepared by the method is 530 ℃, the PERC aluminum paste prepared from the glass powder is printed and coated on the surface of the PERC solar cell, after sintering, the appearance is good, the warpage is less than 1.8mm, and the test tensile value is more than 20N. Decocting in water at 85 deg.C for 20min, taking out, and observing for no fogging and blackening. Meanwhile, the electrical properties of the sintered silicon wafer were tested, and the data results are shown in table 3. Compared with the normal process of a production line, the conversion efficiency is improved by 0.03%, and the efficiency of the solar cell module is improved.
Table 3 electrical property test results of example three
| Item | EF(％) | UOC(V) | ISC(A) | RSC(Ω) | RS(Ω) | FF(％) |
| Comparison of | 21.92 | 0.6685 | 9.975 | 262 | 0.00082 | 80.31 |
| Example 3 sample | 21.95 | 0.6692 | 9.9743 | 327 | 0.00085 | 80.34 |
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The glass powder for the PERC aluminum paste is characterized in that raw materials of the glass powder comprise, by weight, 5-15% of bismuth oxide, 0% or 5-10% of lead oxide, 20-30% of boron oxide, 20-30% of vanadium pentoxide, 3-10% of zinc oxide, 15-25% of barium oxide, 0-5% of calcium oxide and/or magnesium oxide, 0-6% of aluminum phosphate and/or zinc phosphate and 0-3% of aluminum oxide; the sum of the weight percentages of the components is 100 percent.
2. The glass frit for PERC aluminum paste of claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of the bismuth oxide, boron oxide and vanadium pentoxide is greater than 55% of the total weight of all oxides.
3. The glass frit for PERC aluminum paste of claim 2, wherein the weight percentage of both the barium oxide and the zinc oxide is 20-31% of the total weight of the glass frit raw materials.
4. The glass frit for PERC aluminum paste of claim 3, wherein the weight percentage of both bismuth oxide and lead oxide based on the total weight of glass frit raw materials is less than 12%.
5. A method of making the glass frit according to any of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing the components according to the proportion;
(2) adding the raw materials into a mixer, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder, filling the mixed powder into a quartz crucible, and baking in an oven;
(3) putting the mixed powder into a muffle furnace to be melted into molten glass;
(4) pouring the glass liquid into pure water, and performing water quenching to prepare glass particles;
(5) drying the glass particles, adding the glass particles into a ball milling tank, adding zirconia balls and a dispersing agent isopropanol, and carrying out ball milling;
(6) and screening the ball-milled glass powder by using a 500-mesh screen, drying, crushing and screening to obtain the dried glass powder with the median particle size D50 of 1.5-2 mu m and the maximum particle size D100 of less than 15 mu m.
6. The method for preparing glass powder according to claim 5, wherein the baking temperature in the step (2) is controlled at 200 ℃ and the baking time is 2 h.
7. The method for preparing glass powder according to claim 5, wherein the melting temperature in the step (3) is 1000-1200 ℃, and the holding time is 1-2 h.
8. The method for preparing glass powder according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the zirconia balls, the glass particles and the isopropanol in the step (5) is 6-10:1: 1.
9. The method for preparing glass powder according to claim 8, wherein the ball milling frequency in the step (5) is 20-24Hz, and the ball milling time is 8-16 h.
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| CN112159111B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-08-12 | 江苏国瓷泓源光电科技有限公司 | Lead-free and bismuth-free glass powder for PERC solar cell aluminum paste and preparation method thereof |
| CN114031299B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-12-29 | 西安宏星电子浆料科技股份有限公司 | Method for reducing hygroscopicity of glass powder |
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| CN103601369A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-26 | 西安创联宏晟电子有限公司 | Preparation method of lead-free electronic glass powder for back aluminum slurry of solar cell |
| CN107673601A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-02-09 | 广州市儒兴科技开发有限公司 | A kind of PERC aluminium pastes glass dust and preparation method thereof |
| CN107721183A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-02-23 | 广州市儒兴科技开发有限公司 | A kind of two-sided PERC back of solar cell electrode slurry glass dust and preparation method thereof |
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| US3787218A (en) * | 1970-10-27 | 1974-01-22 | Owens Illinois Inc | Zircon containing printing paste for overglaze coating of microelectronic circuits on ceramic substrates |
| JPH01138150A (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1989-05-31 | Ohara Inc | Low-melting glass |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103601369A (en) * | 2013-11-11 | 2014-02-26 | 西安创联宏晟电子有限公司 | Preparation method of lead-free electronic glass powder for back aluminum slurry of solar cell |
| CN107673601A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-02-09 | 广州市儒兴科技开发有限公司 | A kind of PERC aluminium pastes glass dust and preparation method thereof |
| CN107721183A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-02-23 | 广州市儒兴科技开发有限公司 | A kind of two-sided PERC back of solar cell electrode slurry glass dust and preparation method thereof |
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