A kind of wideband millimeter wave antenna unit and aerial array
[technical field]
The present invention relates to antenna technical fields, and in particular to a kind of wideband dual-linear polarization or the millimeter wave of double-circle polarization conversion
Antenna element and aerial array.
[background technique]
With mobile communication technology fast development, wireless communication system requires antenna performance higher and higher.Mobile communication
There is very wide frequency spectrum resource in millimeter wave frequency band, can be realized high rate data transmission data, rate is up to several Gbits per second, has
It hopes and is transmitted in future wireless transmission without compression high definition image and ultrafast file.As the important component of communication system, have low
The millimeter wave antenna or array demand of cost, wide bandwidth and high-gain are increasing.So far, researcher proposes much not
Same type has the millimeter wave antenna of excellent performance, such as slot antenna, cavity-backed radiator antenna, magnetoelectricity dipole antenna etc..
The world will enter the 5G epoch, and in conjunction with the standard of 3GPP, the frequency range of 5G millimeter wave is divided into n257 (26.5GHz-
29.5GHz),n258(24.25GHz-27.5GHz),n261(27.5GHz-28.35GHz).It realizes while covering these three frequency ranges
Antenna become a difficult point, meanwhile, in order to improve working frequency range utilization rate, dual-linear polarization antenna has become modern communications system
System basic configuration, it is even more a difficult point that dual polarized antenna covers a wide band limits simultaneously.Have in dual-linear polarization antenna
Two ports feed, needs when a port is fed that it almost without interference, isolation can measure one for another port
Whether a port has the interference of signal to another port, so isolation is an important index.Whole realization not homopolarity
The antenna of change requires to make biggish change on radiating element, to realize the flow direction of different electric currents, generates different pole
Change.Since millimetre wavelength is shorter, there is high loss in transmission process, it is steady to enable signals to need high antenna gain
Fixed transmission.
[summary of the invention]
It is an object of the present invention to provide it is a can cover 23.59GHz-29.56GHz frequency range be applied to 3Gpp standard in
On the other hand the dual-linear polarization aerial array of tri- frequency ranges of n257, n258, n261 does small variation to antenna on this basis
The dual circularly polarized antenna array of covering n261 frequency range can be achieved.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of wideband millimeter wave antenna unit, including be followed successively by first medium plate, second medium plate, third from top to bottom and be situated between
Scutum, the first medium plate are equipped with 4 16 square radiation patch for multiplying 4, and radiation patch is sheet metal, and described second is situated between
Scutum and third dielectric-slab are equipped with feed structure, the second medium plate, third dielectric-slab upper and lower surface cover copper.
Optionally, dual-linear polarization unit designs, described each square four angles of radiation patch cut four it is identical
Small square constitutes super surface texture, by making electric current that linear change be presented in one cycle, to generate linear polarization.
Optionally, double-circle polarization unit designs, and each square radiation patch is anxious into diagonally for two points
An oblique hexagon is gone to constitute super surface texture, by making electric current that ring-like variation be presented in one cycle, to generate entelechy
Change.
Further, the second medium plate is equipped with feed port one, and the third dielectric-slab is equipped with feed port two;Institute
It states second medium plate center and is provided with a cross gap, open a word gap in third dielectric-slab upper surface, lower surface has been
Whole covers copper;When port one is fed, port one transmits energy to the cross gap of second medium plate, then passes through cross gap
In the gap parallel with port one the super surface that energy is coupled to first medium plate generated into a polarization;Similarly pass through port
Two, it transmits energy on a word gap of third dielectric-slab upper surface, then energy is coupled to second medium plate upper surface
Cross gap, then be coupled to energy on the super surface of first medium plate in fact by gap parallel with port two in cross gap
Another existing polarization;Dual polarization is realized by port one and port two.
On the other hand a kind of wideband millimeter wave antenna array is provided, comprising feeding network and waveguide transitions to SIW structure,
And 2 multiply 4 of 2 above-mentioned dual-linear polarization unit compositions array, by using the transmission network of the function point of one one point four of SIW
Network makes array realize high gain, reuses a waveguide and turn SIW's to amplitudes, equiphase energy such as four units offers
Energy is fed on this point four power splitter by converting interface.
On the other hand a kind of millimeter wave antenna array is provided, comprising feeding network and waveguide transitions to SIW structure, and
2 multiply the array of 24 above-mentioned double-circle polarization unit compositions, are given by using the feeding network of the function point of one one point four of SIW
The amplitudes, equiphase energy such as four units offers, make array realize high gain, reuse the switching that a waveguide turns SIW
Mouthful, energy is fed on this point four power splitter.
Further, for energy first from waveguide transitions to SIW, the energy of transmission walks to generate toward both sides one 180 ° of phase
Potential difference, by arm fl and the fl+ Ф of two different lengths make the amplitudes such as the energy for being transferred to each radiation patch, etc. phases.
The present invention has the advantage that
The antenna has high-isolation, wideband, high-gain, the characteristic of low-cross polarization.Small change is done to this antenna
Change the dual circularly polarized antenna that n261 frequency range can be achieved.
[Detailed description of the invention]
Fig. 1 is dual-linear polarization antenna element perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is dual-linear polarization antenna element hierarchical diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is each layer top view of dual-linear polarization antenna element of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is dual-linear polarization antenna element dimensional parameters of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is dual circularly polarized antenna unit three-dimensional perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is dual circularly polarized antenna unit hierarchical diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is each layer top view of dual circularly polarized antenna unit of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is dual circularly polarized antenna unit size parameter of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the array-fed structural schematic diagram of wideband millimeter wave antenna of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the array-fed parameters of structural dimension of wideband millimeter wave antenna of the present invention.
Figure 11 is that wideband millimeter wave antenna Waveguide array of the present invention turns SIW.
Figure 12 is that wideband millimeter wave antenna Waveguide array of the present invention turns SIW dimensional parameters.
Figure 13 is dual-linear polarization cell S parameters simulation figure of the present invention.
Figure 14 is that the gain of two ports of dual-linear polarization unit of the present invention emulates.
Figure 15 is 2 different frequency directional diagram of dual-linear polarization port 1 of the present invention and port.
Figure 16 is 2 × 2 array S parameter analogous diagram of wideband millimeter wave dual-linear polarization of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the gain of 2 × 2 two ports of array of wideband millimeter wave dual-linear polarization of the present invention.
Figure 18 is 2 × 2 matrix ports of wideband millimeter wave dual-linear polarization of the present invention, 1 different frequency directional diagram.
Figure 19 is 2 × 2 matrix ports of wideband millimeter wave dual-linear polarization of the present invention, 2 different frequency directional diagram.
Figure 20 is 2 × 2 array S parameter analogous diagram of millimeter wave double-circle polarization of the present invention.
Figure 21 is the axis ratio of 2 × 2 two ports of array of millimeter wave double-circle polarization of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the gain of 2 × 2 two ports of array of millimeter wave double-circle polarization of the present invention.
Figure 23 is 2 × 2 matrix ports of millimeter wave double-circle polarization, 1 directional diagram of the present invention.
Figure 24 is 2 × 2 matrix ports of millimeter wave double-circle polarization, 2 directional diagram of the present invention.
Figure 25 is the S parameter that millimeter wave antenna Waveguide array of the present invention turns SIW.
1 it is first medium plate, 2 be second medium plate, 3 be third dielectric-slab, 4 be radiation patch, 41 is dual-linear polarization spoke
Penetrate patch, 42 be double-circle polarization radiation patch, 5 be cross gap, 6 be a word gap
[specific embodiment]
In order to which the technological means for realizing the present invention is clear, the present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
A kind of wideband millimeter wave dual-linear polarization antenna element and aerial array.
As shown in Figs 1-4, dual-linear polarization antenna element, including it is followed successively by first medium plate 1, second medium plate from top to bottom
2, third dielectric-slab 3, three layers of dielectric-slab are made of 5880 plank of Rogers that thickness is 0.787mm, the first medium
Plate 1 is equipped with 4 16 square radiation patch 4 for multiplying 4, and radiation patch 4 is sheet metal, and the second medium plate 2 and third are situated between
Scutum 3 be equipped with feed structure, the second medium plate 2, third dielectric-slab 3 upper and lower surface cover copper.Dual-linear polarization unit is set
Meter, four angles of each square radiation patch cut four identical small squares, form super surface dual-linear polarization spoke
Patch 41 is penetrated, by making electric current that linear change be presented in one cycle, to generate linear polarization.
The second medium plate 2 is equipped with feed port one, and the third dielectric-slab 3 is equipped with feed port two;Described second
2 center of dielectric-slab is provided with a cross gap 5, a word gap 1 is opened in 3 upper surface of third dielectric-slab, under third dielectric-slab 3
Surface is completely to cover copper;When port one is fed, port one transmits energy to the cross gap 5 of second medium plate 2, then leads to
It crosses gap parallel with port one in cross gap 5 and the super surface that energy is coupled to first medium plate 1 is generated into a polarization;Together
Reason is transmitted energy on a word gap of 3 upper surface of third dielectric-slab, then energy is coupled to second medium by port two
The cross gap of 2 upper surface of plate, then energy is coupled to by first medium plate by gap parallel with port two in cross gap 5
Another polarization is realized on 1 super surface;The antenna element realizes dual polarization by port one and port two.
As shown in Fig. 9,11, a kind of wideband millimeter wave dual-linear polarization aerial array includes feeding network and waveguide transitions
The array for multiplying 24 above-mentioned dual-linear polarization unit compositions to SIW structure and 2, by using the function of one one point four of SIW
The feeding network divided makes array realize high gain, reuses a wave to amplitudes, equiphase energy such as four units offers
The converting interface for turning SIW is led, energy is fed on this point four power splitter.Specifically, energy first from waveguide transitions to
SIW, the energy of transmission walk to generate toward both sides one 180 ° of phase difference, are made by arm fl and the fl+ Ф of two different lengths
Be transferred to the amplitudes such as the energy of each radiation patch, etc. phases.Two polarization are realized by two layers.
Figure 13 is shown as the S parameter of dual-linear polarization unit, by data it can be seen that in its bandwidth range (S11 < -10
And S22 < -10) n257, n258, n261 in 3Gpp (24.25GHz-29.5GHz) these three frequency ranges can be covered, and be wherein isolated
Spend (S21 < -40) isolation with higher;Figure 14 can observe dual-linear polarization unit and arrive gain with stable;It can in Figure 15
To observe that unit has preferable antenna pattern, the face xoz and the face yoz directional diagram are symmetrical, therefore are suitble to composition array.
Figure 16 is shown as the S parameter of 2 × 2 dual-linear polarizations, and bandwidth (S11 < -10 and S22 < -10) is 23.59-
Its relative bandwidth of 29.56GHz is 22.7%, and greater than percent common tenths of dual-linear polarization aerial array, isolation exists
- 39.5 (S21 < -39.5) are respectively less than in bandwidth range has high isolation;Figure 17 is that the gain of two ports is observed that
Two ports have stable and high gain (13.33dBi);Figure 18, Figure 19 are the directional diagram of two port different frequencies, can be with
Observe that directional diagram has lower cross polarization (being less than -30).
Figure 25 is that waveguide turns the S parameter of SIW, through observation shows that the converting interface have good impedance matching (S11 <-
10), there is lesser transmission loss.
Relevant parameter please refers to Fig. 4, Figure 10, Figure 12.
Embodiment 2
A kind of millimeter wave dual circularly polarized antenna unit and aerial array.
As viewed in figures 5-8, dual circularly polarized antenna unit, including it is followed successively by first medium plate 1, second medium plate from top to bottom
2, third dielectric-slab 3, three layers of dielectric-slab are made of 5880 plank of Rogers that thickness is 0.787mm, the first medium
Plate 1 is equipped with 4 16 square radiation patch 4 for multiplying 4, and radiation patch 4 is sheet metal, and the second medium plate 2 and third are situated between
Scutum 3 be equipped with feed structure, the second medium plate 2, third dielectric-slab 3 upper and lower surface cover copper.Double-circle polarization unit is set
Meter, each square radiation patch to cut the super surface texture of oblique hexagon composition toward center diagonally for two points,
By making electric current that ring-like variation be presented in one cycle, to generate circular polarisation.
The second medium plate 2 is equipped with feed port one, and the third dielectric-slab 3 is equipped with feed port two;Described second
2 center of dielectric-slab is provided with a cross gap 5, a word gap 1 is opened in 3 upper surface of third dielectric-slab, under third dielectric-slab 3
Surface is completely to cover copper;When port one is fed, port one transmits energy to the cross gap 5 of second medium plate 2, then leads to
It crosses gap parallel with port one in cross gap 5 and the super surface that energy is coupled to first medium plate 1 is generated into a polarization;Together
Reason is transmitted energy on a word gap of 3 upper surface of third dielectric-slab, then energy is coupled to second medium by port two
The cross gap of 2 upper surface of plate, then energy is coupled to by first medium plate by gap parallel with port two in cross gap 5
Another polarization is realized on 1 super surface;The antenna element realizes dual polarization by port one and port two.
On the other hand the millimeter wave dual circularly polarized antenna array provided, the aerial array with embodiment 1 is in addition to radiation patch
Difference, remaining structure is all the same, also multiplies 24 above-mentioned two-wires to SIW structure and 2 comprising feeding network and waveguide transitions
The array of polarisation unit composition provides constant amplitude to four units by using the feeding network of the function point of one one point four of SIW
Degree, equiphase energy, make array realize high gain, reuse the converting interface that a waveguide turns SIW, energy is fed to this
On one point four of power splitter.The mode that dual polarization is realized is also identical with embodiment 1, is not repeated to describe.
Figure 20,21,22, for after the super surface emissivity patch to 1 dual-linear polarization of embodiment makes small change, realize
Double-circle polarization S parameter, axis ratio and gain, the bandwidth by observing Figure 20 (S11 < -10 and S22 < -10) covers n261
(27.5GHz-28.35GHz) this frequency range, the bandwidth of the axis ratio (AR1 < 3 and AR2 < 3) of Figure 21 also cover this frequency of n261
Section, Figure 22 are observed that in bandwidth range, array has higher gain (14.01dBi).Figure 23,24 be double-circle polarization side
Xiang Tu.
The present invention selects 16 square corners to cut the super surface texture that four small square-shaped metal piece is constituted, Ke Yishi
The characteristic of existing wideband (23.59GHz-29.56GHz), improves bandwidth, which has symmetrical structure, may be implemented
Two be mutually perpendicular to port feed when, realize dual polarization, improve receive signal, done by the super surface texture to dual-linear polarization micro-
Dual circularly polarized antenna is realized in small change, reduces manufacturing cost.Using two layers of one point four of feeding network to each port etc.
Amplitude, equiphase excitation, realize the characteristic of two port high-isolations, improve isolation and reduce the mutual dry of two ports
It disturbs.Using one 2 × 2 array, by more radiating elements, realize that antenna in two polarized high-gains, improves increasing
Transmission at a distance can be achieved in benefit.
All technical solutions for belonging to the principle of the invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.For those skilled in the art
For member, several improvement carried out without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvement also should be regarded as guarantor of the invention
Protect range.