CN110412676A - Planar waveguide - Google Patents
Planar waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN110412676A CN110412676A CN201810397732.7A CN201810397732A CN110412676A CN 110412676 A CN110412676 A CN 110412676A CN 201810397732 A CN201810397732 A CN 201810397732A CN 110412676 A CN110412676 A CN 110412676A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of planar waveguide, it is used for transmission and eliminates by the mirror image of transmission image, form real image, comprising: parallel flat and cascade spectro-film, parallel flat have two surfaces being parallel to each other, for receiving and transmitting incidence wave leaded light, incident Waveguide carrying is cascaded spectro-film, is set in parallel flat by transmission image, it is not parallel with the upper and lower surface of parallel flat, for incidence wave guide light reflection to be gone out planar waveguide.Planar waveguide of the invention can effectively solve the image problem in cascade spectro-film near-eye display system, improve picture quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to display field of optical equipment more particularly to a kind of planar waveguides.
Background technique
The helmet shows that (HMD) has a wide range of applications in modern each technical field, either requires in real world
The data for seeing needs in visual field simultaneously still will experience the telepresenc physically and mentally put into when visual pattern variation, or benefit
The visual capacity of human eye is extended with infrared, microscope, electron microscope, HMD is applied.Based on total reflection principle,
Light beam needs the continuous transmission and reflection of upper and lower surfaces in waveguide, is finally passed to human eye, but in its waveguide transmission image process,
It will form heterochiral mirror image, influence the clarity of image.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve in above-mentioned waveguide transmission image process, heterochiral mirror image is formed, and then influence image definition
The problem of, the invention proposes a kind of slab guides, for eliminating mirror image.
The invention proposes a kind of planar waveguides, comprising:
Parallel flat, the parallel flat have two surfaces being parallel to each other, for receiving and transmitting incidence wave leaded light,
The incidence Waveguide is carried by transmission image, and
Spectro-film is cascaded, is set in the parallel flat, not parallel with the upper and lower surface of the parallel flat, being used for will
Incidence wave guide light reflection goes out planar waveguide,
It is assumed that the angle between the cascade spectro-film and the lower surface of the parallel flat is a, the incidence Waveguide
Center image light and the parallel flat lower surface between angle be b, by the image display view angle of transmission image be 2
ω, the refractive index of the parallel flat are n, and the distance of the plan range pupil of human of planar waveguide is d, the diameter of pupil of human
For D,
As a > b, 90-2a-b > 90-4a+b,
Mirror image and practical light be incident on human eye apart from when horizontal departure L are as follows:
Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-2a-b-ω))×d-Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-4a+b+ω))×d
As a <b, 90-2a-b < 90-4a+b,
Mirror image and practical light be incident on human eye apart from when horizontal departure L are as follows:
Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-4a+b-ω))×d-Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-2a-b+ω))×d
And meet following relationship: L > D/2.
Furthermore it is preferred that further satisfaction L > D.
Furthermore it is preferred that the refractive index of parallel flat is greater than 1.5.
Furthermore it is preferred that cascade spectro-film half high spectral corner be 90 ° -0.5 × (| a+b |+| a-b |)；Spectro-film is cascaded in reality
The transmissivity of border angle incident ray range [0,90 ° of-a-b+ ω] is 1-R, 0.1≤R < 0.5；Spectro-film is cascaded in mirrored angle
Spend light range [90 °-| b-a |-ω, 90 °] transmissivity be 96% or more；Spectro-film, which is cascaded, in the transmissivity of half high spectral corner is
(2-R)/2,0.1≤R < 0.5, wherein R is reflectivity.
Furthermore it is preferred that incident Waveguide has scheduled polarization state, also, planar waveguide also has quarter wave plate, sets respectively
It is placed in the upper and lower surface of parallel flat, for being totally reflected incident Waveguide, and converts the polarization state of incidence wave leaded light.
Furthermore it is preferred that the polarization state of incident Waveguide is S state or P state, cascade spectro-film has polarization selectivity, and transmission is complete
Portion S state light or whole P state light, the light of another polarization state of reflective portion.
Furthermore it is preferred that when the polarization state of incident Waveguide is P state and following table in parallel flat occurs for first reflection
When face, odd number secondary reflection by parallel flat upper and lower surface, P state light is converted into S state light, by the even-times of upper and lower surface
Reflection, S state light are converted into P state light, cascade spectro-film transmission whole P state light and reflective portion S state light, or transmission whole S
State light and reflective portion P state light.
Furthermore it is preferred that when the polarization state of incident Waveguide is P state and upper table in parallel flat occurs for first reflection
When face, odd number secondary reflection by parallel flat upper and lower surface, P state light is converted into S state light, by the even-times of upper and lower surface
Reflection, S state light are converted into P state light, cascade spectro-film transmission whole S state light and reflective portion P state light, or transmission whole P
State light and reflective portion S state light.
Furthermore it is preferred that when the polarization state of incident Waveguide is S state and following table in parallel flat occurs for first reflection
When face, odd number secondary reflection by parallel flat upper and lower surface, S state light is converted into P state light, by the even-times of upper and lower surface
Reflection, P state light are converted into S state light, cascade spectro-film transmission whole P state light and reflective portion S state light, or transmission whole S
State light and reflective portion P state light.
Furthermore it is preferred that when the polarization state of incident Waveguide is S state and upper table in parallel flat occurs for first reflection
When face, odd number secondary reflection by parallel flat upper and lower surface, S state light is converted into P state light, by the even-times of upper and lower surface
Reflection, P state light are converted into S state light, cascade spectro-film transmission whole P state light and reflective portion S state light, or transmission whole S
State light and reflective portion P state light.
The technical effects of the invention are that planar waveguide of the invention effectively solves in cascade spectro-film near-eye display system
Image problem, lightsomeness is reduced to the 5% of real image hereinafter, and not increasing the volume and weight of system, glue-line
Uniformity is high, improves through beam energy threshold value, reduces a possibility that bursting in superlaser application.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only
Some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, also
Other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without any creative labor.
Fig. 1 is the light path schematic diagram of planar waveguide in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the optical path analysis schematic diagram that the spectro-film front surface reflection of prior art cascade generates mirror image.
Fig. 3 is the optical path analysis schematic diagram that the reflection of prior art cascade spectro-film rear surface generates mirror image.
Fig. 4 is the cascade spectro-film transmittance graph schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the light path schematic diagram in planar waveguide as a <b.
Fig. 6 is the light path schematic diagram in planar waveguide as a > b.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the planar waveguide of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is the light path schematic diagram in the planar waveguide of second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the light path schematic diagram when first reflection occurs in parallel flat lower surface.
Figure 10 is the light path schematic diagram when first reflection occurs in parallel flat upper surface.
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of the planar waveguide of third embodiment of the invention.
Drawing reference numeral:
Parallel flat 100
Cascade spectro-film 200
Quarter wave plate 300
Collimating optical system 400
Image source 500
Incident Waveguide 10
Mirror image light 21
Mirror image center light 22
Real image light 31
Real image center light 32
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, relevant technical staff in the field's every other reality obtained without making creative work
Example is applied, the range of protection of the invention is belonged to.
Fig. 1 is the light path schematic diagram of planar waveguide in the prior art.As shown in Figure 1, classic flat-plate waveguide is in transmission image
In the process, incident Waveguide 10 needs constantly to be reflected and transmitted in upper surface, the lower surface of planar waveguide based on total reflection principle,
The light beam that the light beam of the upper surface reflection of planar waveguide, lower surface are reflected all can be anti-when being incident on cascade spectro-film 200
Projecting planar waveguide influences the clarity of real image to form heterochiral image.
Difference according to light beam in the position that cascade spectro-film 200 is reflected, the generation of mirror image are divided into two kinds of situations: a kind of
To be emitted after light incidence cascade 200 front surface reflection of spectro-film of upper surface reflection, another kind is the light of upper surface reflection
It is emitted after incident array films rear surface reflection, in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3, above two mirror image producing method is illustrated respectively.
Fig. 2 is the optical path analysis schematic diagram that the spectro-film front surface reflection of prior art cascade generates mirror image, such as Fig. 2 institute
Show, and by triangle relation and reflection law:
Total reflection angle of the real image light 31 in planar waveguide is 90 ° of-b；
Total reflection angle of the mirror image light 21 in planar waveguide is 90 ° of -2a+b；
32 shooting angle of real image center light is arcsin (n × sin (90 ° of -2a-b))；
22 shooting angle of mirror image center light is arcsin (n × sin (90 ° of -4a+b))；
Wherein, planar waveguide glass refraction is n, cascades angle between spectro-film 200 and the lower surface of planar waveguide and is
A, angle is b between incident Waveguide and the lower surface of planar waveguide, and b < a at this time.Due to mirror image center light 22 and in fact
The shooting angle of border picture centre light 32 is different, goes out after light incidence cascade 200 front surface reflection of spectro-film of upper surface reflection
It penetrates, forms mirror image, therefore the mirror image will affect the clarity of real image.
Fig. 3 is the optical path analysis schematic diagram that the reflection of prior art cascade spectro-film rear surface generates mirror image, such as Fig. 3 institute
Show, and by triangle relation and reflection law:
Total reflection angle of the real image light 31 in planar waveguide is 90 ° of-b；
Total reflection angle of the mirror image light 21 in planar waveguide is 90 ° of -2a+b；
32 shooting angle of real image center light is-arcsin (n × sin (90 ° of -2a-b))；
22 shooting angle of mirror image center light is arcsin (n × sin (90 ° of -4a+b))；
Wherein, planar waveguide glass refraction is n, cascades angle between spectro-film 200 and the lower surface of planar waveguide and is
A, angle is b between incident Waveguide and the lower surface of planar waveguide, and b > a at this time.Due to mirror image center light 22 and in fact
The shooting angle of border picture centre light 32 is different, goes out after light incidence cascade 200 rear surface of the spectro-film reflection of upper surface reflection
It penetrates, forms mirror image, therefore the mirror image will affect the clarity of real image.
In order to solve in above-mentioned waveguide transmission image process, heterochiral mirror image is formed, and then influence image definition
The problem of, the invention proposes a kind of slab guides, for eliminating mirror image.
[first embodiment]
Fig. 4 is the cascade spectro-film transmittance graph schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, this
The planar waveguide of inventive embodiments is used for transmission and eliminates by the mirror image of transmission image, forms real image, comprising: flat
Row plate 100 and cascade spectro-film 200, parallel flat 100, for receiving and transmitting incidence wave leaded light 10, incident Waveguide
10 carryings are by transmission image；Cascade spectro-film 200, be set in parallel flat 100, and with the upper surface of parallel flat 100, under
Uneven surface row forms real image for incident Waveguide 10 to be reflected planar waveguide, also, cascades spectro-film 200
Half high spectral corner be 90 ° -0.5 × (| a+b |+| a-b)；Spectro-film 200 is cascaded in actual angle incident ray range [0,90 ° of-a-b
+ ω] transmissivity be 1-R, 0.1≤R < 0.5；Cascade spectro-film 200 mirror image angle light range [90 °-| b-a |-ω,
90 °] transmissivity be 96% or more；It is (2-R)/2,0.1≤R < 0.5 that spectro-film 200, which is cascaded, in the transmissivity of half high spectral corner；
Wherein, a is the angle cascaded between spectro-film 200 and the lower surface of parallel flat 100；B is the Centered Graphs of incident Waveguide 10
As the angle between light and the lower surface of parallel flat 100；ω is by the image display view angle of transmission image；N is parallel flat
100 refractive index；R is reflectivity.Usual planar waveguide glass refraction is greater than 1.5.
The incident Waveguide 10 that image source 500 is issued, after collimated optical system 400 collimation is each angle parallel light,
Into parallel flat 100, meet total reflection condition and transmitted in planar waveguide, until being transferred to cascade spectro-film 200.So
Afterwards, according to the angle b between the center image light of incident Waveguide 10 and the lower surface of parallel flat 100, and cascade spectro-film
Angle a between 200 and the lower surface of parallel flat 100, it is that the two compares as a result, being transferred to cascade spectro-film 200 after
It can be two kinds of situations that optical path, which is divided to: one kind is a<bthe situation,the other isa>the case where b.Fig. 5 is the light in planar waveguide as a <b
Road schematic diagram, Fig. 6 are the light path schematic diagram in planar waveguide as a > b, below with reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, in above-mentioned two situations, this
How the planar waveguide of inventive embodiments transmits and eliminates the process that real image is formed by the mirror image of transmission image, into
Row explanation.
As shown in figure 5, the angle b between the center image light of incident Waveguide 10 and the lower surface of parallel flat 100 is big
Angle a between the upper surface of cascade spectro-film 200 and parallel flat 100, lower surface, passes through triangle relation and reflection law
Known to:
21 line of mirror image light is in cascade 200 face incidence angle of spectro-film are as follows: 90 ° of-b+a；
31 line of real image light is in cascade 200 face incidence angle of spectro-film are as follows: 90 ° of-b-a；
Horizontal direction field angle is 2 ω；
Obviously, 21 line of mirror image light is greater than practical light in the incidence angle of cascade 200 face incidence angle of spectro-film and is divided in cascade
200 face incidence angle of film；
The cascade spectro-film 200 of the planar waveguide of the embodiment of the present invention, it is different in the transmissivity of different angle: in angle
Range [90 °-| b-a |-ω, 90 °] transmissivity of (abbreviation is [90 °-b+a- ω, 90 °]) is 96% or more；In angular range
The transmissivity of [0,90 ° of-a-b+ ω] is 1-R.In this way, make most mirror image light 21 through this cascade spectro-film 200
It transmits backward, real image light 31 is cascaded spectro-film 200 and reflects planar waveguide, and then forms real image.
As shown in fig. 6, the angle b between the center image light of incident Waveguide 10 and the lower surface of parallel flat 100 is small
Angle a between cascade spectro-film 200 and the lower surface of parallel flat 100, by triangle relation and reflection law:
21 line of mirror image light is in cascade 200 face incidence angle of spectro-film are as follows: 90 ° of-a+b；
31 line of real image light is in cascade 200 face incidence angle of spectro-film are as follows: 90 ° of-b-a；
Horizontal direction field angle is 2 ω；
Obviously, 21 line of mirror image light is greater than practical light in the incidence angle of cascade 200 face incidence angle of spectro-film and is divided in cascade
200 face incidence angle of film；
The cascade spectro-film 200 of the planar waveguide of the embodiment of the present invention, it is different in the transmissivity of different angle: in angle
Range [90 °-| b-a |-ω, 90 °] transmissivity of (abbreviation is [90 °-a+b- ω, 90 °]) is 96% or more；In angular range
The transmissivity of [0,90 ° of-a-b+ ω] is 1-R.In this way, make most mirror image light 21 through this cascade spectro-film 200
It transmits backward, real image light 31 is cascaded spectro-film 200 and reflects planar waveguide, and then forms real image.
[second embodiment]
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the planar waveguide of second embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 8 is in the planar waveguide of the embodiment
Light path schematic diagram.In conjunction with shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8.In the present embodiment, planar waveguide includes: parallel flat 100, cascade spectro-film
200 and two layers of quarter wave plate 300, parallel flat 100, for receiving and transmitting incidence wave leaded light 10, incident Waveguide 10 is carried
By transmission image, and incident Waveguide 10 has scheduled polarization state, and polarization state includes S state, P state；Two layers of quarter wave plate 300,
Fitting is set to the upper surface and lower surface of parallel flat 100 respectively, for being totally reflected incident Waveguide 10, and converts incidence wave
The polarization state of leaded light 10；Cascade spectro-film 200 is set to parallel flat 100, in two layers of quarter wave plate 300, and and parallel flat
100 upper and lower surface and two layers of quarter wave plate 300 are not parallel, intersect in the embodiment it is at an acute angle, for by scheduled polarization state
Incident Waveguide 10 reflects planar waveguide and forms real image.Usual planar waveguide glass refraction is greater than 1.5.
Fig. 9 is the light path schematic diagram when the first reflection of incident Waveguide 10 occurs in parallel flat lower surface, figure
10 be the light path schematic diagram when the first reflection of incident Waveguide 10 occurs in parallel flat upper surface.In conjunction with Fig. 9 and figure
Several situations of specific implementation from the point of view of 10.
In the specific implementation process, incident Waveguide 10 is carried by transmission image, and polarization state is P state, first time
Reflection occurs in the upper surface (referring to Fig.1 0) of the quarter wave plate 300 on upper layer, it follows that light is by upper layer when odd number secondary reflection
Quarter wave plate 300 upper surface reflection, when even-numbered reflections, light is reflected by the lower surface of the quarter wave plate 300 of lower layer.Entering
In the total reflection transmission process of ejected wave leaded light 10, due to the effect of upper layer quarter wave plate 300, incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
Polarization state (P state) is converted into S state；Due to the effect of lower layer's quarter wave plate 300, the polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
(S state) is converted into P state.The polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 in total reflection transmission process by multiple conversions, until transmission
To cascade spectro-film 200.Cascade spectro-film 200 have polarization selectivity, transmit whole P state light, reflective portion S state light, therefore
The incident Waveguide 10 of the S state of only same shooting angle is cascaded spectro-film 200 and reflects planar waveguide, to eliminate
By the mirror image of transmission image.
In the specific implementation process, incident Waveguide 10 is carried by transmission image, and polarization state is P state, first time
Reflection occurs in the lower surface (referring to Fig. 9) of the quarter wave plate 300 of lower layer, it follows that light is by lower layer when odd number secondary reflection
Quarter wave plate 300 lower surface reflection, when even-numbered reflections, light is reflected by the upper surface of the quarter wave plate 300 on upper layer.Entering
In the total reflection transmission process of ejected wave leaded light 10, due to the effect of lower layer's quarter wave plate 300, incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
Polarization state (P state) is converted into S state；Due to the effect of upper layer quarter wave plate 300, the polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
(S state) is converted into P state.The polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 in total reflection transmission process by multiple conversions, until transmission
To cascade spectro-film 200.Cascade spectro-film 200 have polarization selectivity, transmit whole P state light, reflective portion S state light, therefore
The incident Waveguide 10 of the S state of only same shooting angle is cascaded spectro-film 200 and reflects planar waveguide, to eliminate
By the mirror image of transmission image.
In the specific implementation process, incident Waveguide 10 is carried by transmission image, and polarization state is P state, first time
Reflection occurs in the upper surface (referring to Fig.1 0) of the quarter wave plate 300 on upper layer, it follows that light is by upper layer when odd number secondary reflection
Quarter wave plate 300 upper surface reflection, when even-numbered reflections, light is reflected by the lower surface of the quarter wave plate 300 of lower layer.Entering
In the total reflection transmission process of ejected wave leaded light 10, due to the effect of upper layer quarter wave plate 300, incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
Polarization state (P state) is converted into S state；Due to the effect of lower layer's quarter wave plate 300, the polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
(S state) is converted into P state.The polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 in total reflection transmission process by multiple conversions, until transmission
To cascade spectro-film 200.Cascade spectro-film 200 have polarization selectivity, transmit whole S state light, reflective portion P state light, therefore
The incident Waveguide 10 of the P state of only same shooting angle is cascaded spectro-film 200 and reflects planar waveguide, to eliminate
By the mirror image of transmission image.
In the specific implementation process, incident Waveguide 10 is carried by transmission image, and polarization state is P state, first time
Reflection occurs in the lower surface (referring to Fig. 9) of the quarter wave plate 300 of lower layer, it follows that light is by lower layer when odd number secondary reflection
Quarter wave plate 300 lower surface reflection, when even-numbered reflections, light is reflected by the upper surface of the quarter wave plate 300 on upper layer.Entering
In the total reflection transmission process of ejected wave leaded light 10, due to the effect of lower layer's quarter wave plate 300, incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
Polarization state (P state) is converted into S state；Due to the effect of upper layer quarter wave plate 300, the polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
(S state) is converted into P state.The polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 in total reflection transmission process by multiple conversions, until transmission
To cascade spectro-film 200.Cascade spectro-film 200 have polarization selectivity, transmit whole S state light, reflective portion P state light, therefore
The incident Waveguide 10 of the P state of only same shooting angle is cascaded spectro-film 200 and reflects planar waveguide, to eliminate
By the mirror image of transmission image.
In the specific implementation process, incident Waveguide 10 is carried by transmission image, and polarization state is S state, first time
Reflection occurs in the upper surface (referring to Fig.1 0) of the quarter wave plate 300 on upper layer, it follows that light is by upper layer when odd number secondary reflection
Quarter wave plate 300 upper surface reflection, when even-numbered reflections, light is reflected by the lower surface of the quarter wave plate 300 of lower layer.Entering
In the total reflection transmission process of ejected wave leaded light 10, due to the effect of upper layer quarter wave plate 300, incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
Polarization state (S state) is converted into P state；Due to the effect of lower layer's quarter wave plate 300, the polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
(P state) is converted into S state.The polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 in total reflection transmission process by multiple conversions, until transmission
To cascade spectro-film 200.Cascade spectro-film 200 have polarization selectivity, transmit whole P state light, reflective portion S state light, therefore
The incident Waveguide 10 of the S state of only same shooting angle is cascaded spectro-film 200 and reflects planar waveguide, to eliminate
By the mirror image of transmission image.
In the specific implementation process, incident Waveguide 10 is carried by transmission image, and polarization state is S state, first time
Reflection occurs in the upper surface (referring to Fig.1 0) of the quarter wave plate 300 on upper layer, it follows that light is by upper layer when odd number secondary reflection
Quarter wave plate 300 upper surface reflection, when even-numbered reflections, light is reflected by the lower surface of the quarter wave plate 300 of lower layer.Entering
In the total reflection transmission process of ejected wave leaded light 10, due to the effect of upper layer quarter wave plate 300, incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
Polarization state (S state) is converted into P state；Due to the effect of lower layer's quarter wave plate 300, the polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
(P state) is converted into S state.The polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 in total reflection transmission process by multiple conversions, until transmission
To cascade spectro-film 200.Cascade spectro-film 200 have polarization selectivity, transmit whole S state light, reflective portion P state light, therefore
The incident Waveguide 10 of the P state of only same shooting angle is cascaded spectro-film 200 and reflects planar waveguide, to eliminate
By the mirror image of transmission image.
In the specific implementation process, incident Waveguide 10 is carried by transmission image, and polarization state is S state, first time
Reflection occurs in the lower surface (referring to Fig. 9) of the quarter wave plate 300 of lower layer, it follows that light is by lower layer when odd number secondary reflection
Quarter wave plate 300 lower surface reflection, when even-numbered reflections, light is reflected by the upper surface of the quarter wave plate 300 on upper layer.Entering
In the total reflection transmission process of ejected wave leaded light 10, due to the effect of lower layer's quarter wave plate 300, incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
Polarization state (S state) is converted into P state；Due to the effect of upper layer quarter wave plate 300, the polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
(P state) is converted into S state.The polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 in total reflection transmission process by multiple conversions, until transmission
To cascade spectro-film 200.Cascade spectro-film 200 have polarization selectivity, transmit whole P state light, reflective portion S state light, therefore
The incident Waveguide 10 of the S state of only same shooting angle is cascaded spectro-film 200 and reflects planar waveguide, to eliminate
By the mirror image of transmission image.
In the specific implementation process, incident Waveguide 10 is carried by transmission image, and polarization state is S state, first time
Reflection occurs in the lower surface (referring to Fig. 9) of the quarter wave plate 300 of lower layer, it follows that light is by lower layer when odd number secondary reflection
Quarter wave plate 300 lower surface reflection, when even-numbered reflections, light is reflected by the upper surface of the quarter wave plate 300 on upper layer.Entering
In the total reflection transmission process of ejected wave leaded light 10, due to the effect of lower layer's quarter wave plate 300, incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
Polarization state (S state) is converted into P state；Due to the effect of upper layer quarter wave plate 300, the polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 after reflection
(P state) is converted into S state.The polarization state of incident Waveguide 10 in total reflection transmission process by multiple conversions, until transmission
To cascade spectro-film 200.Cascade spectro-film 200 have polarization selectivity, transmit whole S state light, reflective portion P state light, therefore
The incident Waveguide 10 of the P state of only same shooting angle is cascaded spectro-film 200 and reflects planar waveguide, to eliminate
By the mirror image of transmission image.
It should be noted that the technical solution of the embodiment of Fig. 7 can individually be implemented, for polarization image source 500, technology
Polarization image source 500 is directly coupled to the planar waveguide by personnel, so that it may eliminate mirror image.In addition, the technology of the embodiment of Fig. 7
Scheme can also be implemented in conjunction with the example scheme of Fig. 4, and the polarization state and the cascade polarization of spectro-film 200 of incident Waveguide 10 are selected
The reflection of the transmitance and actual angle incident ray range of mirror image angle light range can be improved in selecting property collective effect
Rate is more conducive to eliminating mirror image.
[3rd embodiment]
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of the planar waveguide of third embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 11, the present embodiment is flat
Board waveguide includes parallel flat 100 and cascade spectro-film 200.Wherein, parallel flat 100 have two up and down to be parallel to each other
Surface receives and transmits incidence wave leaded light 10, which carries the image transmitted；Spectro-film 200 is cascaded to be arranged
It is not parallel with the upper and lower surface of parallel flat 100 in parallel flat 100, for incident Waveguide 10 to be reflected plate wave
It leads to form real image.
Assuming that planar waveguide glass refraction is n, cascading angle between spectro-film 200 and the lower surface of planar waveguide is a,
Angle is b between incident Waveguide and the lower surface of planar waveguide, and image display view angle is 2 ω, and in order to eliminate mirror image, research is each
Relationship between parameter.Usual planar waveguide glass refraction is greater than 1.5.
When the angle between the upper surface of cascade spectro-film 200 and parallel flat 100, lower surface is less than incident Waveguide 10
Center image light and the upper surface of parallel flat 100, lower surface between angle when (a <b), 100 refractive index of parallel flat,
Image display view angle meets following relationship:
The separation of left and right mirror image, i.e., mirror image is not overlapped, no afterimage condition:
2 ω of arcsin (n × sin (90 ° of -4a+b))-arcsin (n × sin (90 ° of -2a-b)) >；
Incident ray meets total reflection transmission conditions:
90 ° of-b- ω > arcsin (1/n).
When the angle between the upper surface of cascade spectro-film 200 and parallel flat 100, lower surface is greater than incident Waveguide 10
Center image light and the upper surface of parallel flat 100, lower surface between angle when (a > b), 100 refractive index of parallel flat,
Image display view angle meets following relationship:
The separation of left and right mirror image, i.e., mirror image is not overlapped, no afterimage condition:
2 ω of arcsin (n × sin (90 ° of -4a+b))+arcsin (n × sin (90 ° of -2a-b)) >；
Incident ray meets total reflection transmission conditions:
90 ° of-b- ω > arcsin (1/n).
If stating after both the above situation is merged, 100 refractive index of parallel flat, image display view angle meet with ShiShimonoseki
System:
The separation of left and right mirror image, i.e., mirror image is not overlapped, no afterimage condition:
| arcsin (n × sin (90 ° of -4a+b))-arcsin (n × sin (90 ° of -2a-b)) | 2 ω of >；
Incident ray meets total reflection transmission conditions:
90 ° of-b- ω > arcsin (1/n).
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, when 100 refractive index of parallel flat, image display view angle meet above-mentioned relation, cascade point
The mirror image that light film 200 is reflected is different from real image angle, the separation of the two image, and only real image is present in figure
In picture display view angle, it is possible thereby to eliminate mirror image.
It if considering in conjunction with practical application, is directed to and wears display equipment, as shown in figure 11, it is assumed that planar waveguide is put down
Identity distance is d with a distance from pupil of human, and the diameter of pupil of human is D.Usual d is 12mm~20mm, and D is 2mm~8mm.
As a > b, 90-2a-b > 90-4a+b
Mirror image and practical light be incident on human eye apart from when horizontal departure L are as follows:
Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-2a-b-ω))×d-Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-4a+b+ω))×d
As a <b, 90-2a-b < 90-4a+b
Mirror image and practical light be incident on human eye apart from when horizontal departure L are as follows:
Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-4a+b-ω))×d-Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-2a-b+ω))×d
In order to enable human eye can't accept mirror image light, need to meet:
L > D/2, further requirement meet L > D.
In conjunction with shown in Figure 11, when 100 refractive index of parallel flat, image display view angle meet above-mentioned relation, cascade light splitting
The mirror image that film 200 is reflected is separated with real image, and only real image enters in human eye, it is possible thereby to eliminate mirror
Picture.
It should be noted that the technical solution of the embodiment can individually be implemented, without adjusting plate wave in the prior art
The structure led increases other hardware, it is only necessary to which adjusting 100 refractive index of parallel flat and image display view angle can realize and disappear
Except mirror image.In addition, the technical solution of the embodiment can also be implemented in conjunction with the embodiment of Fig. 4, by adjusting parallel flat 100
Refractive index and image display view angle can further strengthen mirror image light 21 efficiency of transmission, Yi Jishi on cascade spectro-film 200
The reflection efficiency on cascade spectro-film 200 of border image light 31.In addition, the technical solution of the embodiment can also be with the implementation of Fig. 7
Example, which combines, to be implemented, and mirror image angle light can be improved in the polarization state and adjustment image display view angle collective effect of incident Waveguide 10
The transmitance of line range and the reflectivity of actual angle incident ray range are more conducive to eliminating mirror image.
The technical effects of the invention are that the image problem in cascade spectro-film near-eye display system is effectively solved, by mirror
Image brightness be reduced to the 5% of real image hereinafter, and do not increase the volume and weight of system, glue-line uniformity is high, improves
Through beam energy threshold value, reduce a possibility that bursting in superlaser application.
Above specific embodiment has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
Illustrate, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the invention, the protection model that is not intended to limit the present invention
It encloses, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of planar waveguide, comprising:
Parallel flat, the parallel flat have two surfaces being parallel to each other, are used for transmission incident Waveguide, the incidence wave
Leaded light is carried by transmission image, and
Spectro-film is cascaded, is set in the parallel flat, not parallel with the upper and lower surface of the parallel flat, being used for will be incident
Waveguide reflects planar waveguide,
It is assumed that the angle between the cascade spectro-film and the lower surface of the parallel flat is a, in the incidence Waveguide
Angle between heart image light and the lower surface of the parallel flat is b, is 2 ω, institute by the image display view angle of transmission image
The refractive index for stating parallel flat is n, and the distance of the plan range pupil of human of planar waveguide is d, and the diameter of pupil of human is D,
As a >=b, 90-2a-b > 90-4a+b,
Mirror image and practical light be incident on human eye apart from when horizontal departure L are as follows:
Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-2a-b-ω))×d-Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-4a+b+ω))×d
As a <b, 90-2a-b < 90-4a+b,
Mirror image and practical light be incident on human eye apart from when horizontal departure L are as follows:
Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-4a+b-ω))×d-Tan(arcsin(n×sin(90-2a-b+ω))×d
And meet following relationship:
L>D/2。
2. planar waveguide according to claim 1, wherein
Further satisfaction L > D.
3. planar waveguide according to claim 1, wherein
The refractive index of the parallel flat is greater than 1.5.
4. planar waveguide according to claim 1, wherein
It is described cascade spectro-film half high spectral corner be 90 ° -0.5 × (| a+b |+| a-b |)；
The cascade spectro-film is 1-R, 0.1≤R < in the transmissivity of actual angle incident ray range [0,90 ° of-a-b+ ω]
0.5；
The cascade spectro-film mirror image angle light range [90 °-| b-a |-ω, 90 °] transmissivity be 96% or more；
It is described cascade spectro-film described half high spectral corner transmissivity be (2-R)/2,0.1≤R < 0.5,
Wherein, R is reflectivity.
5. planar waveguide according to claim 1, wherein
The incidence Waveguide has scheduled polarization state, also, the planar waveguide also has quarter wave plate, is respectively arranged at
The upper and lower surface of the parallel flat for being totally reflected the incident Waveguide, and converts the polarization state of the incident Waveguide.
6. planar waveguide according to claim 5, in which:
The polarization state of the incidence Waveguide is S state or P state, and the cascade spectro-film has polarization selectivity, transmits whole S state
Light or whole P state light, the light of another polarization state of reflective portion.
7. planar waveguide according to claim 6, in which:
When the polarization state of the incident Waveguide is P state and first reflection occurs at the lower surface of the parallel flat,
By the odd number secondary reflection of the parallel flat upper and lower surface, P state light is converted into S state light, by the idol of the upper and lower surface
It reflects for several times, S state light is converted into P state light, and the cascade spectro-film transmits whole P state light and reflective portion S state light, Huo Zhetou
Penetrate whole S state light and reflective portion P state light.
8. planar waveguide according to claim 6, wherein
When the polarization state of the incident Waveguide is P state and first reflection occurs at the upper surface of the parallel flat,
By the odd number secondary reflection of the parallel flat upper and lower surface, P state light is converted into S state light, by the idol of the upper and lower surface
It reflects for several times, S state light is converted into P state light, and the cascade spectro-film transmits whole S state light and reflective portion P state light, Huo Zhetou
Penetrate whole P state light and reflective portion S state light.
9. planar waveguide according to claim 6, wherein
When the polarization state of the incident Waveguide is S state and first reflection occurs at the lower surface of the parallel flat,
By the odd number secondary reflection of the parallel flat upper and lower surface, S state light is converted into P state light, by the idol of the upper and lower surface
It reflects for several times, P state light is converted into S state light, and the cascade spectro-film transmits whole P state light and reflective portion S state light, Huo Zhetou
Penetrate whole S state light and reflective portion P state light.
10. planar waveguide according to claim 6, wherein
When the polarization state of the incident Waveguide is S state and first reflection occurs at the upper surface of the parallel flat,
By the odd number secondary reflection of the parallel flat upper and lower surface, S state light is converted into P state light, by the idol of the upper and lower surface
It reflects for several times, P state light is converted into S state light, and the cascade spectro-film transmits whole P state light and reflective portion S state light, Huo Zhetou
Penetrate whole S state light and reflective portion P state light.
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| CN201810397732.7A CN110412676B (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | Flat waveguide |
| PCT/CN2018/109308 WO2019072145A1 (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2018-10-08 | Slab waveguide |
| US16/755,518 US11256021B2 (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2018-10-08 | Plate waveguide |
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| CN201810397732.7A CN110412676B (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | Flat waveguide |
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| CN112490602A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-03-12 | 电子科技大学 | THz guided wave regulation and control device based on multilayer structure |
| CN114779478A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-07-22 | 北京亮亮视野科技有限公司 | Layered stacked array optical waveguide and head-mounted device |
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