CN110409445B - Pile sinking device and method for reducing vibration influence - Google Patents
Pile sinking device and method for reducing vibration influence Download PDFInfo
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- CN110409445B CN110409445B CN201910691964.8A CN201910691964A CN110409445B CN 110409445 B CN110409445 B CN 110409445B CN 201910691964 A CN201910691964 A CN 201910691964A CN 110409445 B CN110409445 B CN 110409445B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/18—Placing by vibrating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pile sinking device and a pile sinking method for reducing vibration influence, wherein the pile sinking device is characterized in that a vibrating pile hammer is placed on the pile top, the vibrating pile hammer comprises a vibration influence reducing device, a rotating shaft, a driving device and a base, the driving device is connected with the rotating shaft and drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the driving device is installed on the base, the vibration influence reducing device comprises a rotating disk, a pressing device and an eccentric device, the rotating disk is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the pressing device and the eccentric device are installed on the rotating disk; the eccentric exciting force does not exist before the vibrating pile hammer reaches the working frequency during pile sinking, the problem that the frequency of the exciting force crosses the resonance frequency of a hammer-pile-foundation system to generate resonance is avoided, and the eccentric exciting force is gradually generated when the frequency of a rotating shaft of the vibrating pile hammer reaches the working frequency so that the pile is sunk into the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vibration pile sinking of geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a pile sinking method for reducing vibration influence.
Background
In the piling construction of geotechnical engineering, the pile can be pressed into the soil layer by static loading at the top of the pile, and can also be driven into the soil layer by impact load at the top of the pile, but the impact load has a large influence on the surrounding environment, so that the impact piling method is often forbidden in urban areas where buildings stand. At present, a vibration hammer is clamped at the pile top to drive the pile to generate vertical continuous vibration with a certain frequency, in the process, the side friction resistance and the pile end resistance of the pile and soil are reduced, so that the pile is sunk into a foundation, the method has relatively small influence on the surrounding environment, but the vibration hammer generates vertical exciting force by means of rotation of paired eccentric mass blocks, the rotation frequency of the eccentric mass blocks is gradually increased from zero in the starting process, the eccentric mass blocks need to pass through the resonance frequency of the foundation until the stable working rotation frequency is reached, the vibration of the foundation is obviously increased when the rotation frequency of the eccentric mass blocks passes through the resonance frequency of a vibration hammer-pile-foundation system, and particularly, excessive vibration can be caused to adjacent buildings in urban areas, so that the use of the vibration hammer in the urban areas is limited. Therefore, people also develop a resonance-free pile hammer, namely, when the rotation frequency of a plurality of groups of eccentric mass blocks is close to the resonance frequency of a vibration hammer-pile-foundation system, the vertical and horizontal exciting forces generated by the eccentric mass blocks are mutually offset, so that the vibration influence on the foundation can not be generated when the eccentric mass blocks rotate in an accelerating way to pass through the resonance frequency, and after the rotation speed of the eccentric mass blocks reaches the stable working frequency, the horizontal exciting forces generated by the plurality of groups of eccentric mass blocks are mutually offset and the vertical exciting forces are mutually superposed, thereby driving the pile to vibrate and sink into the foundation. The resonance-free pile hammer is successfully applied to urban areas with dense buildings because the influence on adjacent buildings is small, but the price of the resonance-free pile hammer is high and far exceeds the price of a common vibration hammer. Therefore, a pile sinking method for reducing vibration influence is needed, wherein in the process of gradually increasing the frequency of the vibrating pile hammer from zero to the working frequency after starting, the total mass center of the rotating part of the vibrating hammer is positioned at the center of the rotating shaft and does not generate eccentric force, and when the frequency of the vibrating pile hammer reaches the working frequency, the total mass center of the rotating part of the vibrating hammer deviates from the center of the rotating shaft so as to generate eccentric force, namely the exciting force of the vibrating hammer, so that the problem of overlarge vibration of an adjacent building caused by the fact that the starting frequency passes through the resonant frequency of the vibrating hammer-pile-foundation system can be avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pile sinking method for reducing vibration influence, which aims to solve the problem that the vibration frequency is increased from zero to working frequency in the process of increasing the vibration frequency of a common vibrating pile hammer to the working frequency, so that the vibration frequency of the surrounding environment is too large due to the fact that the vibrating pile hammer passes through the resonant frequency of a vibrating hammer-pile-foundation system, and in order to ensure that no eccentric vibration force exists before the vibrating pile hammer reaches the working frequency and the eccentric vibration force is gradually generated when the vibrating pile hammer reaches the working frequency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the pile sinking method for reducing the vibration influence comprises the steps of placing a vibrating pile hammer at the top of a pile, wherein the pile is erected on a soil layer;
the vibrating pile hammer comprises a device for reducing vibration influence, a rotating shaft, a driving device and a base, wherein the driving device is connected with the rotating shaft and drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the driving device is arranged on the base;
the device for reducing the vibration influence comprises a rotating disk, a pressing device and an eccentric device, wherein the rotating disk is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the pressing device and the eccentric device are arranged on the rotating disk;
the pressing device comprises a pulling device, a moving block and a hollow pipe, the pulling device and the hollow pipe are arranged on the rotating disc, the moving block can slide along the hollow pipe and exert pressure on fluid in a cavity of the hollow pipe, the moving block is tightly attached to the inner wall of the hollow pipe without air leakage, the pulling device exerts pulling force on the moving block, and the direction of the pulling force is opposite to the direction of centrifugal force exerted on the moving block;
the eccentric device comprises a sliding block and a sliding tube, wherein a first sealing sheet and a second sealing sheet are arranged at two ends of the sliding tube, the sliding block can slide in the sliding tube, the first sealing sheet and the sliding block form a first cavity in the sliding tube, and the second sealing sheet and the sliding block form a second cavity in the sliding tube; the first sealing sheet is provided with a small hole, air in the first cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the small hole, a pressure device is arranged in the first cavity and fixed on the first sealing sheet, the pressure applied to the pressure device is 0 when the initial length is L, and the initial length L can be adjusted and changed; the fluid in the second cavity is communicated with the fluid in the hollow tube cavity, the valve is arranged on the second cavity, the fluid in the second cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere when the valve is opened, and the fluid in the second cavity is not communicated with the outside atmosphere when the valve is closed;
step 1: starting a driving device, wherein the driving device drives a rotating shaft to gradually increase from the rotating speed of 0 to the working rotating speed, the vibrating pile hammer does not generate exciting force in the process, the designated position of a sliding block in a sliding pipe enables the rotating disc and the total mass center of an object attached to the rotating disc to rotate together to be in the center of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft does not generate exciting force; the state is that the restraint pulling force of the pulling device to the moving block is larger than the centrifugal force applied to the moving block; the force borne by the sliding block is balanced and stabilized at the designated position of the sliding pipe;
step 2: when the rotating speed of the rotating shaft reaches the working rotating speed, the pulling force of the pulling device on the moving block is smaller than the centrifugal force applied to the moving block, the valve is closed, the fluid in the second cavity is not communicated with the outside atmosphere, the length L of the pressure-applied device is adjusted to be the minimum value, at the moment, the moving block slides along the hollow pipe in the direction away from the center of the rotating shaft and applies pressure to the fluid in the hollow pipe cavity and the fluid in the second cavity, so that the fluid in the second cavity pushes the sliding block to slide, the sliding block contacts with the pressure-applied device after sliding and further compresses the pressure-applied device, at the moment, the total mass center of an object which is attached to and rotates together on the rotating disc and the rotating disc is not in the center;
and step 3: after the pile is sunk into the soil to a specified depth, the valve is opened, the fluid in the second cavity is communicated with the external atmosphere, the length of the pressure device is extended, the sliding block is pushed to move, when the sliding block moves to a position, the rotating disc and the total mass center of the object attached to the rotating disc and rotating together are in the center of the rotating shaft, the position of the sliding block is fixed, the rotating shaft does not generate exciting force when rotating, and then the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is gradually reduced to 0.
Preferably, the sliding block is stabilized in the designated position of the sliding tube by balancing the forces applied to the sliding block in step 1, and optionally a state in which the first and second chambers balance the forces applied to the sliding block, for example, when the length L of the pressure-receiving device is adjusted to a minimum value and not in contact with the sliding block, the center of mass of the sliding block is not subjected to centrifugal force at the center of the rotation axis, the valve is closed and the fluid in the second chamber is not communicated with the external atmosphere, and the sliding block is balanced by the fluid pressures of the first and second chambers. Preferably, in step 3, when the sliding block is moved to a position such that the total mass center of the rotating disk and the object attached to the rotating disk and rotating together is at the center of the rotating shaft, the position of the sliding block is fixed by arranging a structural protrusion in the second chamber, and when the pressing device pushes the sliding block to move to the structural protrusion, the sliding block is blocked by the structural protrusion and does not move any more; or the method for fixing the position of the sliding block is to close the valve, the fluid in the second cavity is not communicated with the outside atmosphere, and the sliding block is fixed under the combined action of the centrifugal force, the fluid pressure of the first cavity, the fluid pressure of the second cavity and the pressure-bearing device.
Preferably, the tension device is a fixed block fixed on the rotating disc, a magnetic attraction force exists between the fixed block and the moving block, and when the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is greater than or equal to a specified value, the moving block pushes and presses fluid in the hollow pipe under the action of a centrifugal force greater than the magnetic attraction force; or the tension device is a connecting rod and an elastic sheet, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the moving block, a clamping groove is formed in the connecting rod, one end of the elastic sheet is fixed on the rotating disk, the other end of the elastic sheet is clamped on the clamping groove of the connecting rod, the elastic sheet can be bent and deformed, when the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is larger than or equal to a specified value, the shearing force generated by bending of the elastic sheet is not enough to resist the centrifugal force of the moving block, the elastic sheet is separated from the clamping groove due to bending deformation of the;
preferably, the compression device is a temperature-driven variable initial length L device, which has a minimum initial length L at a first temperature and a maximum initial length L at a second temperature, where the initial length L refers to the length of the compression device when not under pressure; or the pressure receiving device is a device driven by a magnetic field to change the initial length L, the initial length L is the minimum in the first magnetic field, and the initial length L is the maximum in the second magnetic field, wherein the initial length L refers to the length of the pressure receiving device when the pressure receiving device is not subjected to pressure; or the pressure receiving device is a device driven by a motor to change the initial length L, and comprises a power supply, a motor and a rod which are sequentially connected, wherein the power supply and the motor are fixed on the first sealing sheet, the motor is connected with the rod, and the driving rod moves to change the initial length L of the pressure receiving device, wherein the initial length L refers to the length of the pressure receiving device when the pressure receiving device is not subjected to pressure.
Preferably, when the compression device is a temperature-driven variable initial length L device, the compression device is a temperature shape memory alloy spring having an initial length L that is the smallest at a first temperature and the largest at a second temperature, where the initial length L refers to the length of the compression device when not under pressure; or when the pressure bearing device is a device driven by a magnetic field to change the initial length L, the pressure bearing device is a magnetic shape memory alloy spring, the initial length L of the magnetic shape memory alloy spring is the smallest in the first magnetic field, and the initial length L of the magnetic shape memory alloy spring is the largest in the second magnetic field, wherein the initial length L refers to the length of the pressure bearing device when the pressure bearing device is not stressed.
Preferably, when the pressure receiving device is a temperature-driven variable initial length L device, if the initial length L is required to be minimum during pile sinking, the temperature of the pressure receiving device is controlled to be a first temperature, and if the initial length L is required to be increased or maximum, the temperature of the pressure receiving device is controlled to be a second temperature; or the pressure receiving device is a device driven by a magnetic field to change the initial length L, when the pile is sunk, if the initial length L is required to be minimum, the magnetic field of the pressure receiving device is controlled to be the first magnetic field, if the initial length L is required to be increased or maximum, the magnetic field of the pressure receiving device is controlled to be the second magnetic field, for example, a power supply and a coil which are connected in sequence can be secured and protected on a base, different magnetic fields are generated after the power supply supplies different currents to the coil, and the specified magnetic field can be conducted to the coil through the power supply in order to generate the specified.
Preferably, in the pile sinking process of the step 2, the pair of vibratory pile hammers are used in pairs, the rotating directions of the pair of vibratory pile hammers are opposite, and the exciting forces of the pair of vibratory pile hammers are offset in the horizontal direction and are vertically superposed.
The invention has the advantages that the problem of overlarge vibration of the surrounding environment caused by passing through the resonance frequency of the vibratory hammer-pile-foundation system in the process of increasing the vibration frequency from zero to the working frequency when the common vibratory pile hammer is started is solved, and in order to ensure that the vibratory pile hammer has no eccentric exciting force before reaching the working frequency and gradually generates the eccentric exciting force when reaching the working frequency, the invention provides the pile sinking method for reducing the vibration influence.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vibration-reducing device according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the deformation of the compression device of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of the vibratory pile hammer of the present invention on a pile
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the interaction between the pulling force device and the moving block of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a side view of a vibratory pile hammer of the present invention
In the figure, 1, a foundation, 2, a pile, 3, a vibrating pile hammer, 4, a vertical cyclic excitation direction, 5, a rotating disc, 6, a moving block, 7, a rotating shaft, 8, a driving device, 9, a base, 10, a hollow tube, 11, a hollow tube cavity, 12, a sliding block, 13, a sliding tube, 14, a first sealing sheet, 15, a second sealing sheet, 16, a small hole in the first sealing sheet, 17, a first cavity, 18, a second cavity, 19, a compression device, 21, a connecting rod, 22, an elastic sheet, 23, a clamping groove, 24, a shape memory alloy spring, 25, a tension device, 26, a valve, a pressure sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in sequence, wherein the shape memory alloy spring
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, innovative features, objectives and effects of the present invention apparent, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed drawings.
As in the pile sinking method for reducing the influence of vibration in fig. 1-5, a vibratory pile hammer 3 is placed on the top of a pile 2, the pile and the vibratory pile hammer can be connected by a clamp, and the pile 2 is erected on the soil layer;
the vibratory pile hammer 3 comprises a vibration influence reducing device, a rotating shaft 7, a driving device 8 and a base 9, wherein the driving device is connected with the rotating shaft 7 and drives the rotating shaft 7 to rotate, and the driving device is arranged on the base 9;
the device for reducing the vibration influence comprises a rotating disk 5, a pressing device and an eccentric device, wherein the rotating disk 5 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 7, and the pressing device and the eccentric device are arranged on the rotating disk 5;
the pressing device comprises a pulling device 25, a moving block 6 and a hollow tube 10, the pulling device 25 and the hollow tube 10 are installed on the rotating disc 5, the moving block 6 can slide along the hollow tube 10 and applies pressure to fluid in a cavity 11 of the hollow tube, the moving block 6 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the hollow tube 10 without air leakage, the pulling device 25 applies pulling force to the moving block 6, and the direction of the pulling force is opposite to the direction of centrifugal force applied to the moving block 6;
the eccentric device comprises a sliding block 12 and a sliding tube 13, wherein a first sealing sheet 14 and a second sealing sheet 15 are arranged at two ends of the sliding tube 13, the sliding block 12 can slide in the sliding tube 13, the first sealing sheet 14 and the sliding block 12 form a first cavity 17 in the sliding tube 13, and the second sealing sheet 15 and the sliding block 12 form a second cavity 18 in the sliding tube 13; the first sealing sheet 14 is provided with a small hole 16, the air in the first cavity 17 is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the small hole 16, a pressure device 19 is arranged in the first cavity 17, the pressure device 19 is fixed on the first sealing sheet 14, the pressure applied to the pressure device 19 is 0 when the length of the pressure device is L, and the length L can be adjusted and changed; the fluid in the second chamber 18 is communicated with the fluid in the hollow tube chamber 11, the valve 26 is arranged on the second chamber 18, the fluid in the second chamber 18 is communicated with the outside atmosphere when the valve 26 is opened, and the fluid in the second chamber 18 is not communicated with the outside atmosphere when the valve 26 is closed;
step 1: starting a driving device 8, wherein the driving device 8 drives the rotating shaft 7 to gradually increase from the rotating speed of 0 to the working rotating speed, no exciting force is generated by the vibratory pile hammer 4 in the process, the total mass center of the rotating disc 5 and an object attached to the rotating disc 5 to rotate together is in the center of the rotating shaft 7 at the specified position of the sliding block 12 in the sliding pipe 13, and the rotating shaft is not excited to vibrate; as shown in fig. 1(a), in this state, the constraint pulling force of the pulling device 25 on the moving block 6 is greater than the centrifugal force applied to the moving block 6, and the force applied to the sliding block 12 is balanced and stabilized at the specified position of the sliding tube 13;
step 2: as shown in fig. 1(b), when the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 7 reaches the operating rotating speed, the pulling force of the pulling device 25 on the moving block 6 is smaller than the centrifugal force applied to the moving block 6, the valve 26 is closed, the fluid in the second chamber 18 is not communicated with the outside atmosphere, the length L of the pressure-receiving device 19 is adjusted to be the minimum value, at this time, the moving block 6 slides along the hollow tube 10 in the direction away from the center of the rotating shaft 7, and applies pressure to the fluid in the hollow tube chamber 11 and the second chamber 18, so that the fluid in the second chamber 18 pushes the sliding block 12 to slide, the sliding block 12 contacts the pressure-receiving device 19 after sliding and further compresses the pressure-receiving device 19, at this time, the total mass center of the rotating disc 5 and the objects attached to the rotating disc 5 and rotating together is not in the center of the rotating shaft 7, this unbalanced centrifugal;
and step 3: as shown in fig. 1(c), after pile 2 is sunk to a specified depth into the soil, valve 26 is opened and the fluid in second chamber 18 is communicated with the outside atmosphere, pressure receiving device 19 is extended in length and pushes sliding block 12 to move, when sliding block 12 is moved to a position where the total mass center of rotating disc 5 and the object attached to rotating disc 5 for co-rotation is at the center of rotating shaft 7, the position of sliding block 12 is fixed, so that no exciting force is generated when rotating shaft 7 rotates, and then the rotating speed of rotating shaft 7 is gradually reduced to 0.
Preferably, the force balance experienced by sliding block 12 in step 1 stabilizes at the prescribed position of sliding tube 13, and optionally, a state in which first chamber 17 and second chamber 18 are balanced against the force of sliding block 12, for example, when length L of pressure device 19 is adjusted to a minimum value and does not contact sliding block 12, the center of mass of sliding block 12 is not subjected to centrifugal force at the center of rotation shaft 7, valve 26 is closed and fluid in second chamber 18 is not communicated with the outside atmosphere, and sliding block 12 is balanced by the fluid pressure of first chamber 17 and second chamber 18.
Preferably, in step 3, when sliding block 12 is moved to a position such that the total center of mass of rotating disk 5 and the object attached to rotating disk 5 for co-rotation is centered on rotational axis 7, the position of sliding block 12 is fixed by providing a structural protrusion in second chamber 18, and when pressing device 19 pushes sliding block 12 to move to the structural protrusion, sliding block 12 is stopped by the structural protrusion and does not move any more; alternatively, the position of slider 12 may be fixed by closing valve 26 and not communicating the fluid in second chamber 18 with the ambient atmosphere, slider 12 being fixed by the combined action of centrifugal force, the fluid pressure in the first chamber, the fluid pressure in second chamber 18 and pressure-receiving device 19.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4(a), the pulling device 25 is a fixed block fixed on the rotating disc 5, there is a magnetic attraction between the fixed block and the moving block 6, and when the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 7 is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the moving block 6 will press the fluid in the hollow pipe chamber 11 under the action of a centrifugal force greater than the magnetic attraction; or the tension device 25 is a connecting rod 21 and an elastic sheet 22, the connecting rod 21 is fixedly connected with the moving block 6, the connecting rod 21 is provided with a clamping groove 23, as shown in fig. 4(b), one end of the elastic sheet 22 is fixed on the rotating disk 7, the other end of the elastic sheet 22 is clamped on the clamping groove 23 of the connecting rod 21, the elastic sheet 22 can be bent and deformed, when the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 7 is greater than or equal to a specified value, the shearing force generated by bending of the elastic sheet 22 is not enough to resist the centrifugal force of the moving block 6, at this time, as shown in fig. 4(c), the bending deformation of the elastic sheet 22 causes the elastic sheet 22 to;
preferably, the compression device 19 is a temperature-driven variable initial length L device, which has a minimum initial length L at a first temperature and a maximum initial length L at a second temperature, where the initial length L is the length of the compression device 19 when not under pressure; or the compression device 19 is a device driven by a magnetic field to change the initial length L, wherein the initial length L is the smallest in the first magnetic field and the largest in the second magnetic field, and the initial length L refers to the length of the compression device 19 when the compression device is not compressed; or the compression device 19 is a motor-driven device with variable initial length L, which comprises a power supply, a motor and a rod connected in sequence, wherein the power supply and the motor are fixed on the first closing sheet 14, the motor and the rod are connected, and the driving rod moves so as to change the initial length L of the compression device 19, wherein the initial length L refers to the length of the compression device without pressure.
Preferably, when the compression device 19 is a temperature-driven initial length L variable device, the compression device is a temperature shape memory alloy spring, such as the shape memory alloy spring 24 shown in fig. 2(b) having the minimum initial length L at a first temperature, and the shape memory alloy spring 24 shown in fig. 2(a) having the maximum initial length L at a second temperature, where the initial length L is the length of the compression device 19 when not under pressure; or when the compression device 19 is a device with a magnetic field driven initial length L, the compression device 19 is a magnetic shape memory alloy spring, the initial length L of the shape memory alloy spring 24 is the smallest in a first magnetic field as shown in fig. 2(b), and the initial length L of the shape memory alloy spring 24 is the largest in a second magnetic field as shown in fig. 2(a), wherein the initial length L refers to the length of the compression device 19 when the compression device 19 is not compressed.
Preferably, when the pressure receiving device 19 is a temperature-driven variable initial length L device, if the initial length L is required to be minimum during pile 2 sinking, the temperature of the pressure receiving device 19 is controlled to be a first temperature, and if the initial length L is required to be increased or maximum, the temperature of the pressure receiving device 19 is controlled to be a second temperature, for example, a heat-insulating cover is covered on the outer surface of the rotating disk 5, the rotating shaft 7 passes through the heat-insulating cover to rotate, and simultaneously fluid with a specified temperature passes through the heat-insulating cover; or the pressure device 19 is a device driven by a magnetic field to change the initial length L, when the pile 2 is sunk, if the initial length L is required to be minimum, the magnetic field of the pressure device 19 is controlled to be the first magnetic field, if the initial length L is required to be lengthened or changed to be maximum, the magnetic field of the pressure device 19 is controlled to be the second magnetic field, for example, a power supply and a coil which are connected in sequence can be arranged on the base 9 in a security and protection mode, different magnetic fields are generated after the power supply supplies different currents to the coil, and in order to generate the designated magnetic field, the power supply supplies the designated magnetic field.
Claims (8)
1. A pile sinking apparatus for reducing the effects of vibration, comprising:
placing a vibrating pile hammer at the top of a pile, wherein the pile is erected on a soil layer;
the vibrating pile hammer comprises a device for reducing vibration influence, a rotating shaft, a driving device and a base, wherein the driving device is connected with the rotating shaft and drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the driving device is arranged on the base;
the device for reducing the vibration influence comprises a rotating disk, a pressing device and an eccentric device, wherein the rotating disk is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the pressing device and the eccentric device are arranged on the rotating disk;
the pressing device comprises a pulling device, a moving block and a hollow pipe, the pulling device and the hollow pipe are arranged on the rotating disc, the moving block can slide along the hollow pipe and exert pressure on fluid in a cavity of the hollow pipe, the moving block is tightly attached to the inner wall of the hollow pipe without air leakage, the pulling device exerts pulling force on the moving block, and the direction of the pulling force is opposite to the direction of centrifugal force exerted on the moving block;
the eccentric device comprises a sliding block and a sliding tube, wherein a first sealing sheet and a second sealing sheet are arranged at two ends of the sliding tube, the sliding block can slide in the sliding tube, the first sealing sheet and the sliding block form a first cavity in the sliding tube, and the second sealing sheet and the sliding block form a second cavity in the sliding tube; the first sealing sheet is provided with a small hole, air in the first cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the small hole, a pressure device is arranged in the first cavity and fixed on the first sealing sheet, the pressure applied to the pressure device is 0 when the initial length is L, and the initial length L can be adjusted and changed; fluid in the second cavity is communicated with fluid in the hollow tube cavity, a valve is arranged on the second cavity, the fluid in the second cavity is communicated with the outside atmosphere when the valve is opened, and the fluid in the second cavity is not communicated with the outside atmosphere when the valve is closed.
2. A method of pile sinking of a pile sinking apparatus for reducing the effect of vibrations according to claim 1, characterised by the steps of:
step 1: starting a driving device, wherein the driving device drives a rotating shaft to gradually increase from the rotating speed of 0 to the working rotating speed, the vibrating pile hammer does not generate exciting force in the process, the designated position of a sliding block in a sliding pipe enables the rotating disc and the total mass center of an object attached to the rotating disc to rotate together to be in the center of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft does not generate exciting force; the state is that the restraint pulling force of the pulling device to the moving block is larger than the centrifugal force applied to the moving block; the force borne by the sliding block is balanced and stabilized at the designated position of the sliding pipe;
step 2: when the rotating speed of the rotating shaft reaches the working rotating speed, the pulling force of the pulling device on the moving block is smaller than the centrifugal force applied to the moving block, the valve is closed, the fluid in the second cavity is not communicated with the outside atmosphere, the length L of the pressure-applied device is adjusted to be the minimum value, at the moment, the moving block slides along the hollow pipe in the direction away from the center of the rotating shaft and applies pressure to the fluid in the hollow pipe cavity and the fluid in the second cavity, so that the fluid in the second cavity pushes the sliding block to slide, the sliding block contacts with the pressure-applied device after sliding and further compresses the pressure-applied device, at the moment, the total mass center of an object which is attached to and rotates together on the rotating disc and the rotating disc is not in the center;
and step 3: after the pile is sunk into the soil to a specified depth, the valve is opened, the fluid in the second cavity is communicated with the external atmosphere, the length of the pressure device is extended, the sliding block is pushed to move, when the sliding block moves to a position, the rotating disc and the total mass center of the object attached to the rotating disc and rotating together are in the center of the rotating shaft, the position of the sliding block is fixed, the rotating shaft does not generate exciting force when rotating, and then the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is gradually reduced to 0.
3. A pile sinking method of a pile sinking apparatus for reducing influence of vibration according to claim 2, wherein: in the step 1, the force borne by the sliding block is balanced and stabilized at the designated position of the sliding pipe, one selectable state is that the force of the first cavity and the second cavity to the sliding block is balanced, at this time, the length L of the pressure-bearing device is adjusted to be the minimum value and is not contacted with the sliding block, the center of mass of the sliding block does not bear the centrifugal force in the center of the rotating shaft, the valve is closed, the fluid in the second cavity is not communicated with the external atmosphere, and the sliding block is balanced under the fluid pressure of the first cavity and the fluid pressure of the second cavity.
4. A pile sinking method of a pile sinking apparatus for reducing influence of vibration according to claim 2, wherein: and 3, when the sliding block moves to a position to enable the total mass center of the rotating disc and the object attached to the rotating disc to rotate together to be in the center of the rotating shaft, fixing the position of the sliding block, wherein the method for fixing the position of the sliding block is to close the valve, the fluid in the second cavity is not communicated with the external atmosphere, and the sliding block is fixed under the combined action of the centrifugal force, the fluid pressure in the first cavity, the fluid pressure in the second cavity and the pressure device.
5. A pile sinking method of a pile sinking apparatus for reducing influence of vibration according to claim 2, wherein: the tension device is a fixed block fixed on the rotating disc, magnetic attraction force is arranged between the fixed block and the moving block, and when the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is greater than or equal to a specified value, the moving block pushes and presses fluid in the hollow pipe under the action of centrifugal force greater than the magnetic attraction force; or the tension device is a connecting rod and an elastic sheet, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the moving block, a clamping groove is formed in the connecting rod, one end of the elastic sheet is fixed on the rotating disk, the other end of the elastic sheet is clamped on the clamping groove of the connecting rod, the elastic sheet can be bent and deformed, when the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is larger than or equal to a specified value, shearing force generated by bending of the elastic sheet is not enough to resist the centrifugal force of the moving block, the elastic sheet is separated from the clamping groove due to bending deformation of the elastic.
6. A pile sinking method of a pile sinking apparatus for reducing influence of vibration according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure receiving device is a temperature-driven variable initial length L device, the initial length L of the device is the minimum at a first temperature, and the initial length L of the device is the maximum at a second temperature, wherein the initial length L refers to the length of the pressure receiving device when the pressure receiving device is not subjected to pressure; or the pressure receiving device is a device driven by a magnetic field to change the initial length L, the initial length L is the minimum in the first magnetic field, and the initial length L is the maximum in the second magnetic field, wherein the initial length L refers to the length of the pressure receiving device when the pressure receiving device is not subjected to pressure; or the pressure receiving device is a device driven by a motor to change the initial length L, and comprises a power supply, a motor and a rod which are sequentially connected, wherein the power supply and the motor are fixed on the first sealing sheet, the motor is connected with the rod, and the driving rod moves to change the initial length L of the pressure receiving device, wherein the initial length L refers to the length of the pressure receiving device when the pressure receiving device is not subjected to pressure.
7. The pile sinking method of a pile sinking apparatus for reducing influence of vibration according to claim 6, wherein: when the pressure receiving device is a temperature-driven variable initial length L device, the pressure receiving device is a temperature shape memory alloy spring, the initial length L of the temperature shape memory alloy spring is the smallest at a first temperature, and the initial length L is the largest at a second temperature, wherein the initial length L refers to the length of the pressure receiving device when the pressure receiving device is not subjected to pressure; or when the pressure bearing device is a device driven by a magnetic field to change the initial length L, the pressure bearing device is a magnetic shape memory alloy spring, the initial length L of the magnetic shape memory alloy spring is the smallest in the first magnetic field, and the initial length L of the magnetic shape memory alloy spring is the largest in the second magnetic field, wherein the initial length L refers to the length of the pressure bearing device when the pressure bearing device is not stressed.
8. The pile sinking method of a pile sinking apparatus for reducing influence of vibration according to claim 6, wherein: when the pressure receiving device is a temperature-driven variable initial length L device, the temperature of the pressure receiving device is controlled to be a first temperature if the initial length L is required to be minimum during pile sinking, and the temperature of the pressure receiving device is controlled to be a second temperature if the initial length L is required to be increased or maximum, wherein the temperature is controlled in a mode that a heat-insulating cover is covered on a rotating disc, a rotating shaft penetrates through the shell of the heat-insulating cover to rotate, and meanwhile fluid with the specified temperature is introduced into the heat-insulating cover; or the pressure receiving device is a device driven by a magnetic field to change the initial length L, when the pile is sunk, if the initial length L is required to be minimum, the magnetic field of the pressure receiving device is controlled to be a first magnetic field, if the initial length L is required to be increased or maximum, the magnetic field of the pressure receiving device is controlled to be a second magnetic field, a power supply and a coil which are sequentially connected are arranged on the base, the power supply supplies different currents to the coil to generate different magnetic fields, and the power supply supplies the coil with the specified magnetic field in order to generate the specified magnetic field.
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| CN1419018A (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2003-05-21 | 夏斌 | Eccentric device for vibration piling hammer |
| CN2633439Y (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2004-08-18 | 车仁炜 | Variable eccentric actuator of heavy pile-drawer |
| CN203695369U (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-07-09 | 赵广洋 | Sliding type eccentric block |
| JP2018034080A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-08 | 調和工業株式会社 | Exciter and construction method of pile |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1419018A (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2003-05-21 | 夏斌 | Eccentric device for vibration piling hammer |
| CN2633439Y (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2004-08-18 | 车仁炜 | Variable eccentric actuator of heavy pile-drawer |
| CN203695369U (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2014-07-09 | 赵广洋 | Sliding type eccentric block |
| JP2018034080A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-08 | 調和工業株式会社 | Exciter and construction method of pile |
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