CN110406396B - Electric automobile chassis integrated with battery box - Google Patents
Electric automobile chassis integrated with battery box Download PDFInfo
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- CN110406396B CN110406396B CN201910635899.7A CN201910635899A CN110406396B CN 110406396 B CN110406396 B CN 110406396B CN 201910635899 A CN201910635899 A CN 201910635899A CN 110406396 B CN110406396 B CN 110406396B
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- battery box
- battery
- heat dissipation
- locking
- bottom plates
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018507 Al—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007570 Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
- H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric automobile chassis integrated with a battery box, wherein the battery box is internally clamped on the chassis, the bottom of the battery box is sealed by two bottom plates, the two bottom plates are provided with batteries, a locking mechanism is arranged between the two bottom plates, the chassis is connected with a refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism, the battery box is connected with an air cooling heat dissipation mechanism, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism and the air cooling heat dissipation mechanism simultaneously dissipate heat of the battery box, when the temperature in the battery box is more than T 1, the locking mechanism is unlocked, and the two bottom plates open the batteries to separate from the corresponding battery boxes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries of electric vehicles, in particular to an electric vehicle chassis integrated with a battery box.
Background
With the technological change of automobiles in recent years, new energy automobiles are generated in order to respond to the national call for energy conservation and environmental protection, and the rapid development of the new energy automobile technology is promoted. The electric automobile uses the vehicle-mounted power supply as power, has smaller influence on the environment compared with the gasoline automobile, can replace nonrenewable gasoline resources, and has wide development prospect.
However, at present, many technologies of electric vehicles are still not mature, especially batteries, and because the batteries have certain requirements on temperature during operation, if the temperature is too high, the battery performance is affected, natural and explosion problems are easily caused, serious potential safety hazards exist, and in recent years, automobile safety accidents caused by spontaneous combustion of the batteries also happen too much, so that the acceptance of people to the electric vehicles is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an electric vehicle chassis integrated with a battery box.
The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides an electric automobile chassis that integrates has battery box, includes the chassis, and its key lies in: the chassis is provided with N battery box bayonets, the N battery box bayonets are distributed in an array manner, the battery boxes are arranged in the battery box bayonets in a clamping manner, the bottoms of the battery boxes are sealed by two bottom plates, and batteries are placed on the two bottom plates;
the chassis is connected with a refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism, the battery box is connected with an air cooling heat dissipation mechanism, and the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism and the air cooling heat dissipation mechanism simultaneously dissipate heat of the battery box;
The two bottom plates are respectively hinged with the inner wall of the battery box, a locking mechanism is arranged between the two bottom plates, the locking mechanism is unlocked when the temperature in the battery box is more than T 1, the two bottom plates are opened, and the battery is separated from the corresponding battery box.
By adopting the technical scheme, during daily driving, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism and the air cooling heat dissipation mechanism simultaneously conduct double heat dissipation on the battery box, the heat dissipation effect is good, the influence on the normal functions of the battery due to overhigh temperature of the battery box is effectively avoided, when the temperature of the battery is continuously increased to be possibly spontaneous combustion, the locking mechanism is unlocked, the battery is automatically separated from the automobile, the automobile can stop after a period of freewheeling, and then alarm and other treatments are conducted.
As a further preferred option:
The refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a heat exchange tube which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the heat exchange tube is coiled in an S shape in the chassis, at least one straight section is arranged between two adjacent columns or rows of battery boxes, the heat exchange tube is filled with condensing agent, a temperature sensor is arranged in each battery box, and when the temperature in each battery box is more than T 2, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism is started to cool, wherein the temperature is less than T 2＜T1. By adopting the structure, the optimal working temperature of the battery is 15-25 ℃, the battery is generally controlled within 30 ℃, the service life and efficiency of the battery can be reduced after the temperature of the battery exceeds 40 ℃, and when the temperature of the battery exceeds 40 ℃, a refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism is started in time to dissipate heat of the battery, so that the service life and efficiency of the battery can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the potential risk caused by overhigh temperature of the battery can be prevented.
The air cooling heat dissipation mechanism comprises a heat dissipation air duct, an air collection cavity and an exhaust pipe, wherein a vertical through hole is formed in the wall of the battery box to form the heat dissipation air duct, an air inlet of the heat dissipation air duct faces to the lower part of the chassis, a cover plate is arranged above the chassis through a support frame, the air collection cavity is arranged in the cover plate, air outlets of all the vertical through holes are communicated with the air collection cavity through air guide pipes, and the air collection cavity is connected with the exhaust pipe. By adopting the structure, the air at the bottom of the automobile can enter the wall of the battery box through the heat dissipation air duct and is discharged through the exhaust pipe, so that the battery box can be cooled and dissipated effectively.
The exhaust pipes are respectively arranged on the A column, the B column and the C column of the automobile, and the air outlets of the exhaust pipes are positioned on the roof of the automobile. By adopting the structure, when the automobile runs at a high speed, the high-speed airflow at the bottom of the automobile is guided to be discharged by the roof, so that the air pressure at the bottom of the automobile is reduced, and meanwhile, the automobile can be pressed down to a certain extent, the purpose of reducing the air lift force is achieved, the ground grabbing force of the automobile is improved, and the automobile is enabled to be more stable under the condition of running at a high speed.
The locking mechanism comprises locking bolts, locking springs and memory alloy strips, wherein a bolt groove is formed in one bottom plate, the memory alloy strips, the locking springs and the locking bolts which are sequentially connected are arranged in the bolt groove, locking holes are formed in the other bottom plate, the memory alloy strips are tightly abutted against the bottoms of the bolt grooves at the inner ends of the locking springs, the locking bolts are tightly abutted against the bottoms of the locking holes at the outer ends of the locking springs, so that the two bottom plates are locked, the deformation temperature of the memory alloy strips is T 1, when the temperature in a battery box is more than T 1, the memory alloy strips are restored to a spiral stable state, the locking springs drive the locking bolts to move towards the bottoms of the bolt grooves, and the locking bolts exit from the two locking holes to unlock the bottom plate. By adopting the structure, when the temperature of the battery suddenly rises to reach the abnormal temperature of the memory alloy strip, the memory alloy strip is rapidly deformed to return to the initial state, so that the locking bolt is separated from the locking hole, the bottom plate is opened, the battery is separated, the automobile can slide for a period of time continuously and then is stopped, and the possibility that the battery is burnt in the battery box is effectively avoided.
The butt joint of the upper two bottom plates is in a three-stage step shape, the two bottom plates are in a three-stage step male-female fit, wherein a first sealing strip is respectively arranged on the step surface of the first stage step, the table surface of the second stage step and the step surface of the third stage step, the step surface of the second stage step is in an inclined plane shape, and the bolt groove is positioned on the step surface of the second stage step. By adopting the structure, the butt joint of the two bottom plates is tightly sealed, so that the air leakage of the battery box can be effectively realized, and the negative pressure pumping effect is influenced.
The pressure sensor is arranged in the battery box around the battery, the pressure sensor is in contact with the battery, and the air pressure sensor is also arranged in the battery box. With this structure, the battery can be detected to be inflated by the infrared distance measuring sensor, and the air pressure in the battery box can be detected by the air pressure sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism and the air cooling heat dissipation mechanism simultaneously conduct double heat dissipation on the battery box, the heat dissipation effect is good, the situation that the heat of the battery box is accumulated too high is effectively avoided, when the temperature of the battery is continuously increased to be possibly spontaneous combustion, the battery can be separated from an automobile through unlocking of the locking mechanism, the automobile can stop after freewheeling for a period of time, and then the automobile is subjected to alarm and other treatments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the outline structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion a of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the chassis;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a cover plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention mounted on a vehicle;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a main microprocessor;
fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of a slave microprocessor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples and figures.
As shown in fig. 1-9, an electric automobile chassis integrated with a battery box comprises a chassis 1, N battery box bayonets are formed in the chassis 1, the N battery box bayonets are distributed in a rectangular array shape (can also be distributed in other forms in an array shape, such as a round shape), the battery box 2 is clamped in the battery box bayonets, a battery 3 is placed in the battery box 2, the chassis 1 is connected with a refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4, the battery box 2 is connected with an air cooling heat dissipation mechanism 5, and the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4 and the air cooling heat dissipation mechanism 5 simultaneously dissipate heat of the battery box 2;
The bottom of the battery box 2 is sealed by two bottom plates 8, the two bottom plates 8 are respectively hinged with the inner wall of the battery box 2, a locking mechanism 7 is arranged between the two bottom plates 8, the two bottom plates 8 are provided with the batteries 3, when the temperature in the battery box 2 is more than T 1, the locking mechanism 7 is unlocked, the two bottom plates 8 are opened, and the batteries 3 are separated from the corresponding battery box 2.
Specifically, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4 includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve (not shown in the figure) and a heat exchange tube 401 sequentially connected in series, where the heat exchange tube 401 is coiled in the chassis 1 in an S shape, at least one straight section is disposed between two adjacent columns or two rows of the battery boxes 2, preferably, two straight sections are disposed between two adjacent columns or two rows of the battery boxes 2, the two straight sections are respectively close to two adjacent columns or two rows of the battery boxes 2, the heat exchange tube 401 is filled with a condensing agent (the condensing agent may be R134, R134a, R22, R407c or R410a, etc.), a temperature sensor 402 is disposed in the battery boxes 2, and when the temperature in the battery boxes 2 is greater than T 2, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4 starts to cool, where 40 ℃ < T 2＜T1.
The air cooling and radiating mechanism 5 comprises a radiating air duct 504, an air collecting cavity 502 and an exhaust pipe 503, wherein a cover plate 501 is arranged above the chassis 1 through a supporting frame 9, a butt end cover is arranged on the cover plate 501 corresponding to the battery box 2, the top end of the battery box 2 stretches into the butt end cover, the top surface of the battery box 2 is tightly attached to the lower surface of the butt end cover, the air collecting cavity 502 is arranged in the cover plate 501, a vertical through hole is formed in the wall of the battery box 2 to form the radiating air duct 504, the air inlet of the radiating air duct 504 faces the lower part of the chassis 1, all the air outlets of the radiating air duct 504 are communicated with the air collecting cavity 502 through air guide pipes 505, the exhaust pipe 503 is connected to the air collecting cavity 502, the exhaust pipes 503 are respectively arranged in an A column, a B column and a C column of an automobile, the air outlets of the exhaust pipe 503 are positioned on the roof of the automobile, and the exhaust pipes 503 can be provided with exhaust air pipes so as to accelerate, and the exhaust fans are powered by the battery 3.
The locking mechanism 7 comprises a locking bolt 701, a locking spring 703 and a memory alloy strip 704, wherein a bolt groove 702 is formed in one bottom plate 8, the memory alloy strip 704, the locking spring 703 and the locking bolt 701 which are sequentially connected are arranged in the bolt groove 702, preferably, the memory alloy strip 704 is in a T shape, the locking spring 703 is fixedly connected with a cross arm of the memory alloy strip 704, the other bottom plate 8 is internally provided with a locking hole 705, the inner end of the locking spring 703 tightly pushes a vertical arm of the memory alloy strip 704 against the bottom of the bolt groove 702, the outer end of the locking spring 703 tightly pushes the locking bolt 701 against the bottom of the locking hole 705, so that two bottom plates 8 are locked, the memory alloy strip 704 is preferably a double-way memory alloy, the transformation temperature of the memory alloy strip 704 is T 1, when the temperature in a battery box 2 is more than T 1, the memory alloy strip 704 is restored to a stable state in a spiral shape, the locking spring 703 drives the locking bolt 701 to move towards the bottom of the groove, and the locking bolt 701 is withdrawn, and the two bottom plates 705 are unlocked by the locking holes 705.
In order to strengthen sealing, the two bottom plates 8 are hinged with the inner wall of the battery box 2 through torsion springs respectively, sealing convex strips are arranged on the inner wall of the battery box 2 above the bottom plates 8, the lower surfaces of the sealing convex strips are in inclined planes, inclined plane parts matched with the inclined planes of the sealing convex strips are arranged on the upper surfaces of the bottom plates 8 corresponding to the inclined planes of the sealing convex strips, second sealing strips are adhered to the lower surfaces of the sealing convex strips, and the inclined plane parts are abutted against the second sealing strips;
The butt joint of the two bottom plates 8 is in a three-stage step shape, the two bottom plates 8 are in a three-stage step male-female fit, wherein a first sealing strip 706 is respectively arranged on the step surface of the first stage step, the table surface of the second stage step and the step surface of the third stage step, the step surface of the second stage step is in an inclined plane shape, and the bolt groove 702 is positioned on the step surface of the second stage step.
The N batteries 3 form a power supply system of the automobile in a mode of being connected in series and in parallel, when one of the batteries 3 with overtemperature falls off, the power supply system can still output current, the current can still drive the automobile to run, and the output current becomes smaller. For example, 15 cells, each 5 cells connected in series, and then connected in parallel.
The refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4 is connected with a control circuit, the control circuit is provided with a main microprocessor 100, the main microprocessor 100 is connected with an air pressure sensor 10, a temperature sensor 402 and an audible and visual alarm 101, and the air pressure sensor 10 and the temperature sensor 402 are arranged in the battery box 2;
the main microprocessor 100 obtains the temperature in the battery box 3 through the temperature sensor 402, and when the temperature in the battery box 3 is greater than the set temperature threshold value T 3, the main microprocessor 100 controls the audible and visual alarm 101 to send out an alarm signal, the temperature threshold value T 3＜T1 and T 2＜T3 are adopted, wherein T 1 is the highest temperature limit value of the battery box.
The temperature sensor 402 adopts AD590 temperature sensor, and temperature sensor 402's lower extreme and the upper surface butt of battery 3, and temperature sensor 402's upper end wears to establish in the sleeve, and the sleeve links firmly with the inner chamber top of battery box 2, is provided with the spring in the sleeve, and temperature sensor 402's upper end passes through the inner chamber top of spring coupling sleeve, and the spring is with temperature sensor 402 butt at the upper surface of battery 3. The main microprocessor 100 is also connected with a reset button 102.
The control circuit also comprises a switching triode Q and a relay J, the main microprocessor 100 is provided with a control end, the main microprocessor 100 is connected with the base electrode of the switching triode Q through the control end, the switching triode Q controls the on and off of a coil of the relay J, and a normally open switch of the relay J controls the switch of the compressor.
Wherein T 2 is a starting temperature threshold of the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism 4, when the temperature sensor 402 detects that the temperature in the battery box 2 is greater than T 2, the main microprocessor 100 controls the switch transistor Q to be turned on through the control end, the switch transistor Q controls the coil of the relay J to be energized, and the normally open switch of the relay J controls the opening of the compressor. Otherwise, the compressor is controlled to be turned off, and the compressor is powered by a battery.
A circle of pressure ranging sensor 11 is arranged in the battery box 2 around the battery 3, the pressure sensor 11 is in contact with the battery 3, the pressure sensor 11 is a LH-Z10 miniature pressure sensor, and whether the battery 3 swells or not can be known through pressure change of the pressure sensor 6.
As shown in fig. 6, the cover plate 501 of the invention can be used as the floor of the automobile, the memory alloy strip 704 can be nickel-titanium alloy, etc., in daily running, the air cooling and heat dissipation mechanism 5 is always in an open state to dissipate heat for the battery box 2, when the temperature in the battery box 2 rises to T 2 (such as 45 ℃) after running for a period of time, the compressor is turned on to dissipate heat for the chassis 1 and the battery box 2 through the condensing agent, when the temperature in the battery box 2 continues to rise to T 1, the memory alloy strip 704 returns to a spiral stable state, the locking spring 703 moves towards the bottom end of the bolt slot passively, further, the locking pins 701 are driven to be passively separated from the locking holes 705, the two bottom plates are turned downwards to be opened (as shown in the right-most battery box in fig. 1), the battery 3 on the two bottom plates is separated from the battery box 2, different types of memory alloy strips 704 can be selected according to different T 1, for example, when T 1 is set to be 100-130 ℃, ni-Ti, cu-Zn-Al, cu-Al-Ni and other alloys can be selected to manufacture the memory alloy strips 704, when T 1 is set to be 180 ℃, ti-15Ni-25Pd can be selected and 10% Cu can be added to manufacture the memory alloy strips 704, when T 1 is set to be about 230 ℃, ti-49.5Ni-15Hf can be selected and 15% Nb can be added as the memory alloy strips.
The battery 3 is provided with two electrode posts, the inner wall top of battery case 2 is provided with the electrode cap with two electrode post complex, and the electrode post inserts in the electrode cap and fixes battery 3, prevents that battery 3 from rocking left and right, and the electrode cap is connected with output wire.
Preferably, a nickel plating spring is fixedly arranged in the electrode cap and is abutted with the electrode column. And is not shown.
Another solution for detecting the swelling of the battery 3 is: an infrared ranging sensor is arranged in the battery box 2 around the battery 3, and the infrared ranging sensor is in contact with the battery 3; an infrared ranging sensor is connected to the main microprocessor 100.
The distance detected by the infrared ranging sensor from the outer wall of the battery is transmitted to the main microprocessor 100, and if the battery swells, the distance detected by the infrared ranging sensor is reduced. The infrared distance measuring sensor is not contacted with the battery 3, and friction with the battery 3 can not occur.
Preferably, the main microprocessor 100 is also connected with a display screen for displaying the temperature of the battery 3.
The master microprocessor 100 is connected with the air pressure sensor 10, the pressure sensor 11 and the temperature sensor 402 through the slave microprocessors; a battery box 2 is correspondingly provided with a slave microprocessor.
Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and that many similar changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. Electric automobile chassis that has battery box of integration, including chassis (1), its characterized in that: the chassis (1) is provided with N battery box bayonets, the N battery box bayonets are distributed in an array manner, the battery boxes (2) are arranged in the battery box bayonets in a clamping manner, the bottoms of the battery boxes (2) are sealed by two bottom plates (8), and batteries (3) are placed on the two bottom plates (8);
The chassis (1) is connected with a refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism (4), the battery box (2) is connected with an air cooling heat dissipation mechanism (5), and the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism (4) and the air cooling heat dissipation mechanism (5) simultaneously dissipate heat of the battery box (2);
The two bottom plates (8) are respectively hinged with the inner wall of the battery box (2), a locking mechanism (7) is arranged between the two bottom plates (8), when the temperature in the battery box (2) is more than T 1, the locking mechanism (7) is unlocked, the two bottom plates (8) are opened, and the battery (3) is separated from the corresponding battery box (2);
The air cooling heat dissipation mechanism (5) comprises a heat dissipation air duct (504), an air collection cavity (502) and an exhaust pipe (503), wherein vertical through holes are formed in the wall of the battery box (2) to form the heat dissipation air duct (504), an air inlet of the heat dissipation air duct (504) faces to the lower part of the chassis (1), a cover plate (501) is arranged above the chassis (1) through a supporting frame (9), the air collection cavity (502) is arranged in the cover plate (501), air outlets of all the vertical through holes are communicated with the air collection cavity (502) through air guide pipes (505), and the air collection cavity (502) is connected with the exhaust pipe (503);
the A column, the B column and the C column of the automobile are respectively provided with the exhaust pipe (503), and the air outlet of the exhaust pipe (503) is positioned at the roof of the automobile;
a pressure sensor (11) is arranged in the battery box (2) around the battery (3), the pressure sensor (11) is in contact with the battery (3), and a gas pressure sensor (10) is also arranged in the battery box (2);
The refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism (4) comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and a heat exchange tube (401) which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the heat exchange tube (401) is coiled in the chassis (1) in an S shape, at least one straight section is arranged between two adjacent columns or two rows of battery boxes (2), the heat exchange tube (401) is filled with condensing agent, a temperature sensor (402) is arranged in each battery box (2), and when the temperature in each battery box (2) is more than T 2, the refrigerant heat dissipation mechanism (4) is started to cool, wherein the temperature is less than T 2＜T1;
The locking mechanism (7) comprises a locking bolt (701), a locking spring (703) and memory alloy strips (704), wherein a bolt groove (702) is formed in one bottom plate (8), the memory alloy strips (704), the locking spring (703) and the locking bolt (701) which are sequentially connected are arranged in the bolt groove (702), a locking hole (705) is formed in the other bottom plate (8), the memory alloy strips (704) are abutted against the bottom of the bolt groove (702) at the inner end of the locking spring (703), the locking bolt (701) is abutted against the bottom of the locking hole (705) at the outer end of the locking spring (703) so as to lock two bottom plates (8), the abnormal temperature of the memory alloy strips (704) is T 1, when the temperature in a battery box (2) is more than T 1, the locking bolt (703) drives the locking bolt (701) to move towards the bottom of the groove (702), and the locking bolt (703) is withdrawn from the bottom of the locking hole (705) to unlock the two bottom plates (8);
The butt joint surfaces of the two bottom plates (8) are three-stage step-shaped, the two bottom plates (8) are three-stage step male-female matched, wherein a first sealing strip (706) is respectively arranged on the step surface of the first stage step and the table surface, the table surface of the second stage step and the step surface of the third stage step, the step surface of the second stage step is inclined, and the bolt groove (702) is positioned on the step surface of the second stage step.
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| CN111725586B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2021-08-13 | 大连理工大学 | Lithium ion battery pack heat management device |
| CN113193265B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-07-01 | 重庆交通职业学院 | Spontaneous combustion system is prevented to electric automobile battery |
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