CN114919441A - Charging device and method for new energy automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application provides a charging device and method for a new energy vehicle. The device includes three parts: a box body, a gun body and a tube body. The tube body is provided with a cooling chamber, a gas channel and a wire channel. When the device is in operation, the outside air enters the gas channel under the negative pressure of the suction fan, the cold end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet cools the air in the gas channel through heat exchange, and the cold air enters the box for heat exchange with the cooling element and then is discharged from the device External, to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation and cooling. In the case of limited use space, the application transfers the occupied space of the traditional air cooling system in the box to the tube body, makes full use of the available space of the tube body, and provides a long enough cooling channel for the outside air, so as to obtain low-temperature gas, The cooling efficiency is high and the floor space is saved. This solution does not need any refrigerant, and is safe and pollution-free, and the cooling speed is fast and safe and controllable. The large temperature difference range of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet can fully meet the heat dissipation requirements of household charging devices.

Description

Charging device and method for new energy vehicle

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, in particular to a charging device and method for new energy vehicles.

Background technique

Charging piles can be divided into public charging piles and special charging piles according to the installation location. Public charging piles usually provide public charging services for social vehicles, and special charging piles are usually installed in underground parking lots of residential areas for private use by users. Due to the compact space of underground parking lots in residential areas, special charging piles generally do not have a separate support structure, but use walls or engineering columns to fix the box structure of the charging piles. When the charging pile is supplying power, its internal charging modules, communication modules, controllers, relays and other cooling units will continuously output heat. On the side where the engineering column is in contact, the temperature of the nearby area will rise sharply, bringing safety hazards. Coupled with factors such as poor air circulation and limited space in the underground parking lot, the heat dissipation methods of dedicated charging piles are severely restricted, and the difficulty of heat dissipation is further increased.

In the underground parking lot of residential areas, vehicles are concentrated and close to the living area. Once there is a safety hazard, it will bring immeasurable economic losses and endanger personal safety. It can be seen that for the special scene of the underground parking lot in residential areas, it is urgent to design a cooling system. High-efficiency and low-space-consuming charging piles.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a charging device and method for a new energy vehicle, so as to overcome the technical problems of low heat dissipation efficiency and large space occupation in the prior art.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions. The present application provides a charging device for a new energy vehicle, comprising a box body and a gun body mounted on a wall and connected between the box body and the gun body The tube body, and the main controller arranged inside the box body, the tube body is radially provided with a cooling chamber, a gas channel and a wire body channel in sequence, wherein the gas channel and the wire body The channel is communicated with the box body, the gas inlet end of the gas channel is arranged on the side close to the gun body, and the gas outlet end of the gas channel is arranged at the connection between the box body and the pipe body, The wire body channel is installed with a charging wire connecting the box body and the gun body, a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration sheets are arranged in the cooling system accommodating cavity, and the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is attached to the On the metal spacer between the cooling accommodating cavity and the gas channel, a heat-conducting sheet is attached to the hot end surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, and an accommodating groove is provided through the side of the box close to the wall. A plurality of metal heat sinks are arranged in the same direction in the groove, a suction fan and a corresponding air outlet are also arranged in the receiving groove, the main controller, the charging module built in the box, the semiconductor refrigeration The sheet is electrically connected to the suction fan.

Preferably, a plurality of air inlet holes are provided on the side of the cooling system accommodating cavity away from the gas channel, and an air outlet hole is provided at the connection between the cooling system accommodating cavity and the box body, and the air outlet includes A first air outlet and a second air outlet are connected by a connecting plate, a heat insulating plate is provided in the box along the side close to the cooling chamber, and the first air outlet and the air outlet pass through the Insulation boards are connected.

Preferably, a helical baffle is arranged inside the gas channel along the axial direction.

Preferably, the upper end of the air outlet is provided with an electromagnet and a baffle plate in sequence from top to bottom, the baffle plate includes a sliding end and a magnetic suction end that are vertically connected to each other, and two sides of the air outlet are provided with sliding grooves, The sliding end is slidably connected with the chute, the length of the sliding end matches the length of the air outlet, the width of the magnetic end is greater than the width of the chute, the electromagnet is connected to the main control The magnetic suction end is magnetically connected with the electromagnet.

Preferably, a first temperature sensor and a second temperature sensor that are electrically connected to the main controller are further arranged in the box, the first temperature sensor is arranged at the gas outlet, and the second temperature sensor is arranged at the air outlet.

Preferably, a third temperature sensor electrically connected to the main controller is further provided in the box, and the third temperature sensor is attached to the surface of the main heat dissipation element.

Preferably, the gun body includes a wire body connection end and a vehicle body connection end, and the charging cable includes a first charging wire connected to the wire body connection end and a second charging wire connected to the vehicle body connection end A charging cable, the connecting end of the cable body is provided with a vertical positioning plate, the positioning plate is transversely penetrated with a positioning slot, the access end of the positioning slot is fixedly connected to the first charging cable, and the output end of the positioning slot is An overheating protection device is connected, the overheating protection device includes a limit slideway vertically connected to the output end of the positioning groove, a communication block slidably connected with the limiter slideway, and the communication block is connected to the second charging A fixed block is installed on the other side of the limit slide, the fixed block is hinged with the first movable rod, and the other end of the first movable rod is hinged with the center position of the second movable rod, so Both ends of the second movable rod are hinged with the third movable rod and the communication block respectively, and an expansion piece is fixed on the side of the third movable rod away from the connecting end of the wire body, and the expansion piece comprises sequentially connecting the first connecting columns. , thermal expansion alloy and a second connecting column, the other end of the first connecting column is connected with the side wall of the gun body, the other end of the second connecting column is connected with the third movable rod, the gun body There is also an opening at the top of the hood. Under normal working conditions, the second movable rod is in a horizontal state, and the third movable rod is sealedly connected to the opening.

The present invention also provides a charging method for the above-mentioned charging device, the method comprising:

Detect whether the charging module is powered on;

When the charging module is in a power-on state, the semiconductor refrigeration chip and the suction fan are activated.

Preferably, the method further includes:

Obtain the monitoring temperature T1 of the first temperature sensor and the monitoring temperature T2 of the second temperature sensor;

When T1>t1, increase the input power of the semiconductor refrigeration chip;

When T1≤t1 and T2>t2, increase the speed of the suction fan;

When T1>t3 and T2>t3, the power supply of the charging module is cut off, wherein t1 is a low temperature threshold, t2 is a high temperature threshold, and t3 is an early warning threshold.

Preferably, the method further includes:

Obtain the monitoring temperature T3 of the third temperature sensor;

When T1, T2, and T3 are all greater than t4, the power supply of the charging module and the electromagnet is cut off, wherein t4 is the fire warning temperature.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:

In order to solve the technical problems of low heat dissipation efficiency and large space occupation of existing charging devices, the present application provides a charging device for new energy vehicles, which includes three parts: a box body, a gun body and a tube body connected between the two. , in which the tube body is the key component of the device, and is provided with a cooling system accommodating cavity, a gas channel and a wire body channel, wherein the gas channel can form a gas passage between the tube body and the box body through the inlet end and the gas outlet end; the cooling system accommodating cavity The temperature of the gas in the gas channel can be reduced by the built-in semiconductor refrigeration sheet; the wire channel can form an electrical path from the box body to the tube body to the gun body through the internal charging wire. When the device is working, the main controller starts the suction fan and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, and the external air enters the gas channel under the action of the negative pressure of the suction fan. At the same time, the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet can cool the air in the gas passage through heat exchange. After the air enters the box and conducts sufficient heat exchange with the heat dissipation element, it is discharged from the air outlet to the outside of the device to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation and cooling. This application is aimed at the special application scenario of household charging piles. In the case of limited use space, the space occupied by the traditional air-cooling system in the box body is transferred to the tube body, and the available space of the tube body is fully utilized to provide sufficient external air. Long cooling channel, so as to obtain low-temperature gas, high cooling efficiency and space saving. In addition, this solution makes full use of the refrigeration characteristics of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, without any refrigerant, it is safe and pollution-free, while the refrigeration speed is fast and safe and controllable, and the large temperature difference range can fully meet the heat dissipation requirements of household charging devices. At the same time, the design of the accommodating groove on the back of the box can further compress the available space, and the metal heat sink arranged in it can not only enhance the heat dissipation efficiency of the back of the box, but also quickly divert the hot air replaced by the system and leave the back of the box. , to avoid heat build-up.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, On the premise of no creative work, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a new energy vehicle charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipe body provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of the back of a box body provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another new energy vehicle charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas channel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of an air outlet provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of connection of a main controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of a power-on state of a gun body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of a power-off state of a gun body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

10 is a schematic structural diagram of an overheat protection device for a gun body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a gun body in an energized state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a gun body in a power-off state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

13 is a flowchart of a first charging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

14 is a flowchart of a second charging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

15 is a flowchart of a third charging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Shown in the picture:

1-box body, 2-gun body, 3-tube body, 4-main controller;

11-Accommodating groove, 12-Metal heat sink, 13-Suction fan, 14-Air outlet, 15-Connecting plate, 16-Insulation plate, 21-Charging cable, 22-Wire body connection end, 23-Car body connection end , 25-opening, 31-cooling accommodating cavity, 32-gas channel, 33-wire channel, 34-semiconductor refrigeration sheet, 35-metal spacer, 36-conductive sheet;

141-First air outlet, 142-Second air outlet, 143-Electromagnet, 144-Baffle plate, 145-Chute, 171-First temperature sensor, 172-Second temperature sensor, 173-Third temperature sensor, 211-First charging cable, 212-Second charging cable, 221-Locating plate, 222-Locating slot, 241-Limiting slideway, 242-Connecting block, 243-Fixing block, 244-First movable rod, 245- The second movable rod, 246-the third movable rod, 247-expansion piece, 311-air inlet hole, 312-air outlet hole, 321-air inlet end, 322-air outlet end, 323-spiral deflector;

1441-Sliding end, 1442-Magnetic end, 2221-Access end, 2222-Output end, 2471-First connection post, 2472- Thermal expansion alloy, 2473-Second connection post.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The heat dissipation methods in the prior art cannot reconcile the contradiction between heat dissipation efficiency and space occupation. Therefore, for the special application scenario of household charging piles, the present application provides a charging device for new energy vehicles. Please refer to FIG. 1 , as shown in FIG. A schematic structural diagram of a charging device for a new energy vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the device mainly includes three components: a box body 1, a gun body 2 and a pipe body 3. The box 1 usually has a metal shell structure with modules such as a power supply module, a circuit main board, and a switch. The main heat generating area of the device. In the present application, the box 1 is installed on the wall of the parking lot, which can be a solid wall or a wall of an engineering column, so as to save the occupied space, and at the same time avoid the situation that the redundant structure affects the parking of the vehicle and causes accidental scratches. The gun body 2 is the end of the device that is docked with the vehicle. When in use, the gun body 2 can be directly installed at the charging port of the vehicle, and automatically charged after being powered on.

In this embodiment, the pipe body 3 is connected to the front surface of the box body 1 (the side away from the wall body), so as to maximize the heat exchange space of the cold air. The tube body 3 is a key component specially designed for the application. On the one hand, the internal charging cable 21 can electrically connect the box body 1 and the gun body 2. On the other hand, the device mainly uses the air cooling system to assist the box body 1 to dissipate heat , the tube body 3 can be used as the intake source of the air-cooled system to provide a steady stream of low-temperature gas. Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a pipe body according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 2 , the tube body 3 has a cooling system accommodating cavity 31 , a gas channel 32 and a wire body channel 33 in sequence along the radial direction. The cooling accommodating cavity 31 is used to reduce the gas temperature in the gas passage 32; the gas passage 32 can form a box through the inlet end 321 near the side of the gun body 2 and the outlet end 322 arranged at the connection with the pipe body 3 - The gas passage of the tube body; the wire body channel 33 can form the electrical passage of the box body - the tube body - the gun body through the internal charging wire 21 . The cooling system accommodating cavity 31 and the gas channel 32 may be separated by a metal spacer 35, and the gas channel 32 and the wire body channel 33 may be separated by a soft gel. In other embodiments of the present application, the gas channel 32 and the wire body channel 33 can also be merged into a common channel, and both the gas and the wire body can enter the box body 1 through this channel. However, considering that impurities such as water vapor and dust carried by the gas may contaminate and corrode the charging wire 21, in this embodiment, the gas channel 32 and the wire body channel 33 are separately arranged and isolated.

Specifically, a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration chips 34 are arranged in the cooling system accommodating cavity 31 , and the cold ends of the semiconductor refrigerating chips 34 are attached to the cooling system accommodating cavity 31 and the gas channel 32 through thermal conductive silicone grease On the metal spacer 35 between them, a heat conducting sheet 36 is attached to the hot end surface of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 34 . When the current passes through the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 34, the two ends of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 34 can absorb heat and release heat respectively, and the cold end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 34 can be attached to the metal spacer 35 to exchange heat with the air in the gas channel 32. So as to achieve the purpose of refrigeration. The semiconductor refrigerating sheet 34 does not need any refrigerant assistance, has no pollution source, can work continuously and has a fast cooling speed. In addition, the temperature difference range of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 34 is large, which can be realized from 90°C to 130°C, which can fully satisfy the heat dissipation of household charging devices. need. In addition, in this embodiment, a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration sheets 34 can also be combined into a stack, and then the stacks can be combined in series and parallel to form a refrigeration system, so as to further improve the refrigeration efficiency. In addition, a part of the metal spacer 35 can also be replaced by a soft colloid, so as to facilitate the bending and storage of the pipe body 3 .

In addition, please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the back of a box according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 3 , a receiving groove 11 is also provided through the side of the box body 1 close to the wall. A plurality of metal fins 12 are arranged in the same direction in the receiving groove 11 . 11 is also provided with a suction fan 13 and a corresponding air outlet 14 . In this embodiment, the suction fan 13 can be used to provide negative pressure for the box 1 to guide the air into the system from the intake end 321 of the gas channel 32. After the cooling of the gas channel 32, the cold air enters the box 1 and conducts heat dissipation with the cooling elements. After heat exchange, it is discharged from the outside of the device from the air outlet 14 on the back of the box body 1 to form an air flow channel of the air channel - the box body - the air outlet. At the same time, after the cooling of the gas channel 32, the cold air can also properly cool the charging cable 21 in the wire channel 33, so as to prevent the charging cable 21 from overheating when the device is in a charging state for a long time, causing aging or even leakage and fire risk . The accommodating groove 11 provided in this embodiment can fully utilize the space of the box body, and at the same time, the recessed design will not affect the stability of the installation of the box body 1 and the wall. The accommodating groove 11 is not only the accommodating part of the metal fins 12 and the suction fan 13, but also the guiding part of the gas. The metal fins 12 provided therein can increase the heat dissipation of the back of the box 1 (that is, the side close to the wall) on the one hand. On the other hand, since the extending direction of the metal heat sink 12 is the same as that of the receiving groove 11, the hot air discharged from the air outlet 14 can quickly overflow along the gap between the metal heat sink 12 , the metal heat sink 12 also has a good gas guiding effect.

In addition, the device is also provided with a main controller 4 inside the box body 1. The main controller 4 can detect the power-on between the gun body 2 and the new energy vehicle body through the charging module (not shown in the figure) built in the box body 1 state, the main controller 4 is also electrically connected to the semiconductor refrigeration chip 34 and the suction fan 13, respectively, and can control the semiconductor refrigeration chip 34 and the air suction fan 13 according to the power-on state of the gun body 2 and/or the internal temperature of the box 1. The starting, closing, and power of the suction fan 13 can change the cooling efficiency of the system according to the actual demand. In other embodiments of this solution, the main controller 4 or the sub-controllers can also be used to individually control the start-stop and power of each semiconductor refrigeration chip 34, so as to further accurately control the temperature, but the structure is complex and can be flexibly selected according to actual needs. Assembly scheme. The main controller 4 can be integrated on the circuit board in the box 1 to improve system integration. In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the main controller 4 is separately arranged in the box 1 away from the circuit main board, so as to avoid affecting the main control unit of the device due to the high temperature of the circuit main board and its vicinity.

In addition, the semiconductor refrigeration chip has the characteristic of realizing the mutual conversion of cold and hot ends by changing the direction of the current. The preferred embodiment of the present application can make full use of this characteristic. The hot ends are exchanged, so as to heat the air entering the gas channel 32, and the hot air enters the box 1, which can increase the working temperature of the electronic components inside the box 1, and prevent the extremely low temperature from affecting the charging efficiency of the device. The structure of this solution is basically the same as the above-mentioned embodiment, and the current direction is adjusted, which will not be repeated here.

The device is provided with three parts: a box body 1, a gun body 2 and a tube body 3 connected between the two, wherein the tube body 3 is the key component of the device, and is provided with a cooling system accommodating cavity 31, a gas channel 32 and a wire body Channel 33, in which the gas channel 32 can form a gas passage between the tube body and the box body through the inlet end 321 and the gas outlet end 322; the cooling system accommodating cavity 31 can reduce the gas temperature in the gas channel 32 through the built-in semiconductor refrigeration sheet 34; line The body channel 33 can form an electrical path between the box body - the tube body - the gun body through the internal charging cable 21 . When the device is in operation, the main controller 4 starts the suction fan 13 and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 34, the outside air enters the gas channel 32 under the action of the negative pressure of the suction fan 13, and the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 34 can be converted into a gas passage through heat exchange The air in 32 cools down, and after the cold air enters the box body 1 and conducts sufficient heat exchange with the heat dissipation element, it is discharged from the air outlet 14 to the outside of the device to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation and cooling. This application is aimed at the special application scenario of household charging piles. In the case of limited use space, the space occupied by the traditional air cooling system in the box body is transferred to the tube body, and the available space of the tube body 3 is fully utilized to provide external air. The cooling channel is long enough to obtain low-temperature gas, and the cooling efficiency is high and the floor space is saved. In addition, this solution makes full use of the refrigeration characteristics of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, without any refrigerant, it is safe and pollution-free, while the refrigeration speed is fast and safe and controllable, and the large temperature difference range can fully meet the heat dissipation requirements of household charging devices. At the same time, the design of the accommodating groove 11 on the back of the box 1 can further compress the available space, and the metal heat sink 12 arranged in it can not only enhance the heat dissipation efficiency of the back of the box 1, but also can quickly divert the hot air replaced by the system. away from the back of box 1 to avoid heat build-up.

If the temperature of the hot end of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 34 is too high, the cooling effect of the cold end thereof is likely to be affected. In this solution, heat can be conducted to the interior of the cooling chamber 31 through the thermally conductive sheet 36 attached to the surface of the hot end, but the interior space of the cooling chamber 31 is limited and the gas flow is poor, making it difficult to discharge heat in time. In view of the above situation, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, an air flow channel may be provided separately to promote the air circulation in the cooling system accommodating cavity 31 . Specifically, please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic structural diagram of another new energy vehicle charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 4 , a plurality of air inlet holes 311 are provided on the side of the cooling system accommodating cavity 31 away from the gas channel 32 , and an air outlet is provided at the connection between the cooling system accommodating cavity 31 and the box 1 . Hole 312, the air outlet 14 includes a first air outlet 141 and a second air outlet 142 connected by the connecting plate 15, the box 1 is provided with a heat insulating plate 16 along the side close to the cooling system accommodating cavity 31 , the first air outlet 141 is communicated with the air outlet hole 312 through the heat insulating plate 16 . In this embodiment, the box 1 is separated into two independent airflow channels by the insulating plate 16, one is the hot air circulation channel formed by the cooling system accommodating cavity 31 - the air outlet 312 - the first air outlet 141; the other is the gas The channel 32 - the air outlet 322 - the cold air circulation channel formed by the second air outlet 142 , and the two are physically and thermally isolated by the heat insulating plate 16 . Specifically, under the gravitational action of the suction fan 13, the outside air enters the cooling system accommodating cavity 31 from the air inlet hole 311, and the hot air therein is brought into the hot air circulation channel from the air outlet hole 312, and finally passes through the first air outlet 141. out of the system. This embodiment makes full use of the negative pressure effect of the suction fan 13 to promote the flow of gas in the cooling chamber 31 , and can effectively discharge the hot air therein, thereby improving the cooling effect of the cold end.

Further, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, in order to further improve the refrigeration efficiency, the residence time of the air in the gas channel 32 can be extended. Specifically, please refer to FIG. Schematic. As can be seen from FIG. 5 , in this embodiment, a helical baffle 323 is axially arranged inside the gas channel 32 , and the gas entering the gas channel 32 from the outside can move along the spiral baffle 323 to the gas outlet 322 , extending the The residence time of the air in the gas channel 32 and the heat exchange time with the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 34 further improve the refrigeration efficiency of the device.

Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an air outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 6 , the upper end of the air outlet 14 is sequentially provided with an electromagnet 143 and a baffle 144 from top to bottom. The baffle 144 includes a sliding end 1441 and a magnetic suction end 1442 that are vertically connected to each other. 14 are provided with sliding grooves 145 on both sides, the sliding end 1441 is slidably connected with the sliding groove 145, the length of the sliding end 1441 matches the length of the air outlet 14, and the width of the magnetic suction end 1442 Greater than the width of the chute 145 , the electromagnet 143 is electrically connected to the main controller 4 , and the magnetic end 1442 is magnetically connected to the electromagnet 143 . In this embodiment, the opening and closing control of the air outlet 14 can be realized by the arrangement of the electromagnet 143 and the baffle 144 . When the device needs to dissipate heat, the main controller 4 controls the electromagnet 143 to energize to attract the magnetic end 1442 , and the magnetic end 1442 drives the sliding end 1441 to move upward along the chute 145 to open the air outlet 14 . When the device is in a non-working state, the current of the electromagnet 143 can be cut off, so that the baffle 144 moves downward under the action of gravity to block the air outlet 14, so as to prevent external dust and impurities from entering the interior of the box 1 and affecting the electronic components therein. service life. In addition, the switch design of the air outlet 14 in this embodiment can also play a key role when an accidental fire occurs in the box body 1 . Since the device is directly connected to the new energy vehicle during operation, once the box 1 accidentally catches fire due to high temperature, short circuit, etc., the fire is likely to spread to the vehicle body, causing greater economic losses. Therefore, when the main controller 4 detects that there is a fire source in the box 1, it can immediately close the air outlet 14 through the electromagnet 143 and the baffle 144, thereby cutting off the air circulation inside the box 1 and preventing the further spread of fire. In this embodiment, the chute 145 is an L-shaped chute instead of a U-shaped groove, and its short side is directly connected to the inner wall of the box body 1 at the outer edge of the air outlet 14 , so that the baffle 144 can be directly connected to the box body 1 . Contact, better fit, and tighter seal when not in use and in the event of accidental fire. In the preferred embodiment of the present application, high temperature deformation parts such as expanded rubber and memory metal can be arranged at the gas outlet end 322 of the gas passage 32. Once the box 1 catches fire, the rapidly rising air temperature inside can cause it to expand and deform, blocking the gas outlet. In this way, the box body 1 can be completely enclosed as an independent space, and the box body 1 is in an oxygen-deficient state after isolating the external air, blocking the fire source from further burning, and preventing the fire from spreading to the car body. In this embodiment, expanded rubber is used as the high-temperature deformation member, and expanded rubber with a plurality of small through holes is filled in the gas outlet 322. Under normal working conditions, the gas can enter the box 1 through the through holes; when a fire occurs, the temperature After rising sharply, after the expanding rubber is heated, the through hole is squeezed and closed, so that the gas outlet end 322 is blocked.

For further optimization, the device is also configured with two temperature sensors connected to the main controller 4 (please refer to FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 7 ), which are the first temperature sensor 171 arranged at the gas outlet 322 and the first temperature sensor 171 arranged at the air outlet end 322 respectively. The second temperature sensor 172 at the air outlet 14 , the first temperature sensor 171 is used to monitor the temperature of the cold air entering the box 1 , and the second temperature sensor 172 is used to monitor the temperature of the hot air discharged from the box 1 . The main controller 4 monitors the temperature data of the first temperature sensor 171 and the second temperature sensor 172 in real time, and adjusts the working parameters of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 34 and the suction fan 13 according to the monitoring data of the two to ensure that the internal temperature of the box 1 is maintained. within the appropriate range. For example, when the monitoring temperature of the first temperature sensor 171 is too high, it means that the cooling efficiency of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 34 is insufficient, and the main controller 4 can adjust the parameters such as the number of startups and the input power of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 34; when the second temperature When the monitoring temperature of the sensor 172 is too high and the monitoring temperature of the first temperature sensor 171 is in the normal range, it means that the refrigeration efficiency of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 34 is high, but the gas mobility is insufficient, and the cold air cannot efficiently replace the hot air inside the box 1. At this time, the main controller 4 can increase the rotation speed of the suction fan 13 to promote the air circulation inside the box 1 . In addition, when an extreme situation is encountered, such as when the first temperature sensor 171 and the second temperature sensor 172 are in the high temperature warning range (such as 55°C-70°C) for a long time, the main controller 4 can cut off the power supply of the charging module in the box 1, Suspend the power supply to slow down the temperature rising speed in the box 1, so as to relieve the refrigeration pressure of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 34. When the monitoring temperature of the first temperature sensor 171 and the second temperature sensor 172 drops below the high temperature warning range, the main controller 4 The power supply function of the charging module can be restored.

In addition, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the box body 1 is further provided with a third temperature sensor 173 that is electrically connected to the main controller 4. Please refer to FIG. A schematic diagram of the connection of the main controller, the third temperature sensor 173 is attached to the surface of the main heat dissipation element (not shown in the figure). In this embodiment, the main heat dissipating element is the main source of heat in the box 1 , which may be a heat dissipating element or a heat dissipating module, such as a charging module. The third temperature sensor 173, as an auxiliary sensor of the first temperature sensor 171 and the second temperature sensor 172, can monitor the heating condition of the main heat source at the first time. When the monitored temperature of the third temperature sensor 173 increases significantly, the overall temperature in the box 1 will also increase accordingly. At this time, the main controller 4 can make a prediction based on the monitoring data of the third temperature sensor 173, and adjust the operating parameters of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 34 and the suction fan 13 in advance. In addition, when the monitored temperatures of the first temperature sensor 171, the second temperature sensor 172 and the third temperature sensor 173 simultaneously reach the fire warning temperature (eg 85-95°C), it indicates that a fire may have occurred in the box 1. At this time, The main controller 4 controls the charging module in the box 1 to stop power supply, and controls the electromagnet 143 to power off, and uses the baffle 144 to close the air outlet 14. At the same time, the high-temperature deformation member at the outlet end 322 is heated and expands to block the outlet end 322, so that the box Body 1 becomes an independent sealed box, and the fire source is automatically extinguished under the condition of lack of oxygen, so as to prevent the fire from extending to the new energy vehicle body. In addition, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, a high-temperature deformation member can also be provided at the air outlet hole 312, and in the event of a fire, the hot air passage can be blocked synchronously.

The gun body 2 is one of the important components of the charging device, and has the particularity of directly contacting the new energy vehicle body. Therefore, the safety of its internal heat dissipation is also an object that needs to be paid attention to. Under normal circumstances, the internal space of the gun body 2 is very limited and the structure is compact, and it is not suitable to design and install an overly complicated heat dissipation structure such as an air cooling system and a water cooling system. In this embodiment, a small ventilation hole can be arranged at the end of the gun body 2 in contact with the vehicle body, and a small suction fan is arranged at the connection between the gas channel 32 and the gun body 2 to suck the gas in the gun body 2 into the gas channel 32, thereby It is connected with the heat dissipation channel of the box body 1 to promote the gas flow in the gun body 2 to dissipate heat.

In addition, in the present application, a simple overheating protection device can also be arranged in the gun body 2 to provide further protection for the safety of the vehicle body. Specifically, please refer to FIG. 8 to FIG. 12 , which are respectively a schematic structural diagram of a power-on state of a gun body, a structural schematic diagram of a power-off state of a gun body, and an overheating protection device of a gun body according to an embodiment of the present invention. A schematic diagram of the structure, a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a gun body in an energized state, and a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a gun body in a power-off state. 8 to 12 , in this embodiment, the gun body 2 includes a wire body connection end 22 and a vehicle body connection end 23 , and the charging wire 21 includes a first charging wire connected to the wire body connection end 22 . 211 and a second charging cable 212 connected to the vehicle body connecting end 23 . The wire connecting end 22 is provided with a vertical positioning plate 221, the positioning plate 221 has a positioning groove 222 transversely extending through it, and the access end 2221 of the positioning groove 222 is fixedly connected to the first charging cable 211. The output end 2222 of the tank 222 is connected to the overheat protection device. Specifically, the overheat protection device includes a limit slide 241 vertically connected to the output end of the positioning slot 222 , a communication block 242 slidably connected to the limit slide 241 , and the communication block 242 is far away from the One end of the positioning slot 222 is connected to the second charging cable 212 . A fixing block 243 is installed on the other side of the limit slideway 241 , the fixing block 243 is hinged with the first movable rod 244 , and the other end of the first movable rod 244 is hinged with the center of the second movable rod 245 . , the two ends of the second movable rod 245 are hinged with the third movable rod 246 and the communication block 242 respectively, and an expansion member 247 is fixed on the side of the third movable rod 246 away from the connecting end 22 of the wire body. The expansion piece 247 includes a first connection post 2471, a thermal expansion alloy 2472 and a second connection post 2473 connected in sequence. The other end of the first connection post 2471 is connected to the side wall of the gun body 2, and the second connection post 2473 The other end is connected to the third movable rod 246, and the top of the gun body 2 is also provided with an opening 25. Under normal working conditions, the second movable rod 245 is in a horizontal state, and the third movable rod 246 and Said openings 25 are connected in a sealed manner.

The thermal expansion alloy 2472 is a high thermal expansion alloy with a high thermal expansion coefficient in a certain temperature range. The expansion coefficient at 20-100°C is generally ≥15×10 ^-6 /°C, and the expansion coefficient at 20-200°C is generally greater than 17×10 ^-6 / °C. High thermal expansion alloys mainly include FeNiMn series, FeNiCr series and MnNiCu series. In the present application, FeNiMn-based high thermal expansion alloy can be selected, and the expansion coefficient of the thermal expansion alloy can be adjusted by adjusting the contents of Fe, Ni and Mn.

The working principle of the overheat protection device in this embodiment is as follows: when the gun body 2 is normally charged (please refer to FIG. 8 and FIG. 11 ), the communication block 242 slides to the output end of the positioning slot 222 through the limit slide 241 , so that the first The charging cable 211 and the second charging cable 212 are in a connected state; when the inside of the gun body 2 is overheated (please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig. 12 ), the thermal expansion alloy 2472 expands and moves downward, and drives the third movable rod through the second connecting post 2473 246 moves downward, and the third movable rod 246 drives one end of the second movable rod 245 to move downward under the auxiliary action of the fixed block 243 and the first movable rod 244, so that the communication block 242 is disconnected from the first charging cable 211, Thereby, the second charging cable 212 is driven to disconnect from the first charging cable 211 , and at the same time, due to the downward movement of the third movable rod 246 , the opening 25 is in an open state, and the hot air inside the gun body 2 can be quickly discharged along the opening 25 to the opening 25 . outside the gun body 2, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the gun body 2. When the internal temperature of the gun body 2 returns to the normal range, the thermal expansion alloy 2472 returns to its original state, which drives the third movable rod 246 to move up, and further pushes the second movable rod 245 to move toward the wire body connecting end 22 , thereby driving the second charging wire 212 to connect with The first charging cable 211 returns to a normal power-on state, and at the same time, the upwardly moved third movable rod 246 blocks the opening 25, which can prevent impurities such as dust from entering the gun body 2 and affect the heat dissipation of the wire body.

The overheating protection device designed in this embodiment does not depend on the main controller 4, and does not need to rely on complex power sources and detection elements, and can be simultaneously optimized from two aspects of blocking heat sources and promoting heat discharge, even if the main controller 4 is damaged. Under the circumstance, it can still ensure that the inside of the gun body 2 is in a suitable temperature range, so as to provide the final safety guarantee for the vehicle body.

Corresponding to the charging device proposed in this solution, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, a charging method is also proposed. Specifically, please refer to FIG. 13 , which is a flowchart of a charging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from Figure 13, this method includes the following steps:

Step S11: Detecting whether the charging module is in a power-on state;

Step S12 : when the charging module is in a power-on state, start the semiconductor refrigeration chip and the suction fan.

In this embodiment, the main controller can detect whether the charging module is in the power-on state by detecting the current of the charging module, or judge the power-on state of the charging module by detecting the on-off state of the charging switch of the charging device. In the power-on state, the charging The continuous heat dissipation of modules and other electronic components will cause the temperature in the box to rise. At this time, the main controller can start the semiconductor cooling chip and the suction fan to dissipate heat for the box.

Please refer to FIG. 14 , which is a flowchart of a second charging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from Figure 14, this method includes the following steps:

Step S21: Detecting whether the charging module is in a power-on state;

Step S22: when the charging module is in the power-on state, start the semiconductor refrigeration chip and the suction fan;

Step S23: obtaining the monitoring temperature T1 of the first temperature sensor and the monitoring temperature T2 of the second temperature sensor;

Step S24: when T1>t1, increase the input power of the semiconductor refrigeration chip;

Step S25: when T1≤t1 and T2>t2, increase the rotational speed of the suction fan;

Step S26: When T1>t3 and T2>t3, cut off the power supply of the charging module, wherein t1 is a low temperature threshold, t2 is a high temperature threshold, and t3 is an early warning threshold.

Please refer to FIG. 15 , which is a flowchart of a third charging method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from Figure 15, this method includes the following steps:

Step S31: Detecting whether the charging module is in a power-on state;

Step S32: when the charging module is in the power-on state, start the semiconductor refrigeration chip and the suction fan;

Step S33: obtaining the monitoring temperature T1 of the first temperature sensor and the monitoring temperature T2 of the second temperature sensor;

Step S34: when T1>t1, increase the input power of the semiconductor refrigeration chip;

Step S35: when T1≤t1 and T2>t2, increase the rotational speed of the suction fan;

Step S36: when T1>t3 and T2>t3, cut off the power supply of the charging module;

Step S37: obtaining the monitoring temperature T3 of the third temperature sensor;

Step S38: When T1, T2, and T3 are all greater than t4, the power supply of the charging module and the electromagnet is cut off, wherein t1 is the low temperature threshold, t2 is the high temperature threshold, t3 is the warning threshold, and t4 is the fire warning temperature. In this embodiment, the temperature range of t1 may be 20°C-25°C, the temperature range of t2 may be 35°C-45°C, the temperature range of t3 may be 55°C-70°C, and the temperature range of t4 may be 85°C- 95°C. The above methods are all described in the above apparatus embodiments, and are not repeated here.

Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be realized by or using the existing technology, and will not be repeated here; the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to the present invention The present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those of ordinary skill in the art are within the scope of the present invention. It does not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, and should also belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The charging device for the new energy automobile is characterized by comprising a box body (1) installed on a wall body, a gun body (2), a pipe body (3) connected between the box body (1) and the gun body (2) and a main controller (4) arranged inside the box body (1), wherein the pipe body (3) is sequentially provided with a cooling system accommodating cavity (31), a gas channel (32) and a line body channel (33) along the radial direction, the gas channel (32) and the line body channel (33) are communicated with the box body (1), a gas inlet end (321) of the gas channel (32) is arranged on one side close to the gun body (2), a gas outlet end (322) of the gas channel (32) is arranged at the joint of the box body (1) and the pipe body (3), a charging wire (21) connected with the box body (1) and the gun body (2) is installed on the line body channel (33), the cooling system holds a plurality of semiconductor refrigeration pieces (34) of having arranged in chamber (31), the cold junction of semiconductor refrigeration piece (34) is attached in the cooling system hold chamber (31) with on metal spacer (35) between gas passage (32), the hot junction surface of semiconductor refrigeration piece (34) is attached to have conducting strip (36), is close to run through to be provided with holding groove (11) to the side of box (1) of wall body, a plurality of metal cooling fins (12) of having arranged in holding groove (11) syntropy, still be equipped with suction fan (13) and air outlet (14) that correspond in holding groove (11), controller (4) with box (1) built-in module of charging semiconductor refrigeration piece (34) with suction fan (13) electricity is connected.

2. The charging device for the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of air inlet holes (311) are formed in one side, away from the air channel (32), of the cooling system accommodating cavity (31), an air outlet hole (312) is formed in the joint of the cooling system accommodating cavity (31) and the box body (1), the air outlet (14) comprises a first air outlet (141) and a second air outlet (142) which are connected through a connecting plate (15), a heat insulation plate (16) is arranged on one side, close to the cooling system accommodating cavity (31), of the inner edge of the box body (1), and the first air outlet (141) is communicated with the air outlet hole (312) through the heat insulation plate (16).

3. The charging device for the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein a spiral deflector (323) is provided inside the gas passage (32) in an axial direction.

4. The charging device for the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein an electromagnet (143) and a baffle (144) are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the air outlet (14) from top to bottom, the baffle (144) comprises a sliding end (1441) and a magnetic attraction end (1442) which are perpendicular to each other, sliding grooves (145) are formed in two sides of the air outlet (14), the sliding end (1441) is in sliding connection with the sliding grooves (145), the length of the sliding end (1441) is matched with that of the air outlet (14), the width of the magnetic attraction end (1442) is larger than that of the sliding grooves (145), the electromagnet (143) is electrically connected with the main controller (4), and the magnetic attraction end (1442) is magnetically connected with the electromagnet (143).

5. The charging device for the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein a first temperature sensor (171) and a second temperature sensor (172) are further arranged in the box body (1) and electrically connected with the main controller (4), the first temperature sensor (171) is arranged at the air outlet end (322), and the second temperature sensor (172) is arranged at the air outlet (14).

6. The charging device for the new energy automobile according to claim 1 or 5, wherein a third temperature sensor (173) electrically connected with the main controller (4) is further arranged in the box body (1), and the third temperature sensor (173) is attached to the surface of a main heat dissipation element.

7. The charging device for the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the gun body (2) comprises a line body connecting end (22) and a vehicle body connecting end (23), the charging wire (21) comprises a first charging wire (211) connected with the line body connecting end (22) and a second charging wire (212) connected with the vehicle body connecting end (23), the line body connecting end (22) is provided with a longitudinal positioning plate (221), the positioning plate (221) transversely penetrates through a positioning groove (222), an incoming end (2221) of the positioning groove (222) is fixedly connected with the first charging wire (211), an output end (2222) of the positioning groove (222) is connected with an overheat protection device, the overheat protection device comprises a limiting slide way (241) vertically connected with the output end (2222) of the positioning groove (222), and a communicating block (242) in sliding connection with the limiting slide way (241), the connecting block (242) is connected with the second charging wire (212), a fixing block (243) is installed on the other side of the limiting slideway (241), the fixing block (243) is hinged to a first movable rod (244), the other end of the first movable rod (244) is hinged to the center of a second movable rod (245), two ends of the second movable rod (245) are hinged to a third movable rod (246) and the connecting block (242) respectively, an expansion piece (247) is fixed on one side, far away from the line body connecting end (22), of the third movable rod (246), the expansion piece (247) comprises a first connecting column (2471), a thermal expansion alloy (2472) and a second connecting column (2473) which are connected in sequence, the other end of the first connecting column (2471) is connected with the side wall of the gun body (2), and the other end of the second connecting column (2473) is connected with the third movable rod (246), the top of the gun body (2) is also provided with an opening (25), the second movable rod (245) is in a horizontal state in a normal working state, and the third movable rod (246) is connected with the opening (25) in a sealing mode.

8. A charging method based on the charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method comprises:

detecting whether the charging module is in a power-on state or not;

and when the charging module is in a power-on state, starting the semiconductor refrigerating sheet and the suction fan.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

acquiring a monitored temperature T1 of a first temperature sensor and a monitored temperature T2 of a second temperature sensor;

when T1 is more than T1, the input power of the semiconductor refrigerating chip is increased;

when T1 is not less than T1 and T2 is more than T2, the rotating speed of the suction fan is increased;

and when T1 is greater than T3 and T2 is greater than T3, cutting off power supply of the charging module, wherein T1 is a low-temperature threshold, T2 is a high-temperature threshold, and T3 is an early warning threshold.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

acquiring a monitoring temperature T3 of a third temperature sensor;

and when the T1, the T2 and the T3 are all larger than the T4, the power supply of the charging module and the electromagnet is cut off, wherein the T4 is the fire danger early warning temperature.

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