CN110406178A - Double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of a kind of metal/composite material multilayer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of a kind of metal/composite material multilayer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110406178A
CN110406178A CN201910474782.5A CN201910474782A CN110406178A CN 110406178 A CN110406178 A CN 110406178A CN 201910474782 A CN201910474782 A CN 201910474782A CN 110406178 A CN110406178 A CN 110406178A
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China
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gradient
obsorbing
composite material
single cell
metal
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CN201910474782.5A
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CN110406178B (en
Inventor
杨金水
李爽
吴林志
陈思远
张伟明
杨访
曲嘉
杨丽红
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B29C70/685—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by laminating inserts between two plastic films or plates
    • B29C70/686—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by laminating inserts between two plastic films or plates the inserts being sheets or documents, e.g. ID cards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/88—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B32B3/085—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts spaced apart pieces on the surface of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/02—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by a sequence of laminating steps, e.g. by adding new layers at consecutive laminating stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/18—Handling of layers or the laminate
    • B32B38/1808—Handling of layers or the laminate characterised by the laying up of the layers
    • B32B38/1816—Cross feeding of one or more of the layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
    • B32B5/142—Variation across the area of the layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/03—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/04—4 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/05—5 or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of a kind of metal/composite material multilayer and preparation method thereof, including panel and the sandwich layer being arranged between panel, the sandwich layer is made of single cell structure, the single cell structure is thin wall hollow tubular structure, and wall thickness is in axial gradient variation and/or cell wall density radially change of gradient；The present invention proposes to incorporate sandwich layer unit cell configuration gradient, the modes such as radially mixes by design unit cell height, wall thickness and different materials, realizes unit cell configuration gradient, and integrated structure gradient, constitute the multilayer sandwich structure with double gradients.Structure proposed by the present invention designs and prepares that method is relatively simple, and unit cell shape designability is strong, and bedding void provides the space of multifunctional material insertion.Structure can not only play the advantage of unit cell configuration gradient when being vibrated impact, by impedance mismatching isolation or the propagation for the vibration that decays, elastic-plastic deformation be utilized to absorb more energy.

Description

A kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer and its preparation Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sandwich structure and preparation method thereof more particularly to a kind of double ladders of metal/composite material multilayer Spend energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structure and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Functionally graded material refers to chemical component, microstructure and the atomic arrangement of material from a side to the other side in continuous Change of gradient, so that the property of material and function be made continuously to change in gradient.Functionally graded material is to refer to bionical thought It leads, is the multi-functional sandwiches such as collection temperature control is heat-insulated, absorb sound vibration damping, anti-impact are explosion-proof from the development of simple entity gradient laminate Structure such as has the honeycomb sandwich structure and truss core structure of many advantages, such as low-density, high specific stiffness, high specific strength.Knot The multilayer and gradient design of structure can play the role of balance and disperse external force, while redistribute load, obtain each layer structure To making full use of, better functional effect is realized.Design multilayer functionally graded material at present, it is main by changing multilayer sandwich The parameters such as the material of adjacent layer single cell structure, wall thickness (bar is wide), height in structure realize the variation of interlayer density gradient, thus Substitute cellular bump leveller or traditional anti-impact explosion-proof lamp.However, existing multi-gradient sandwich structure, only in interlayer side To structure gradient is realized, interlayer single cell structure does not have functionally gradient effect.The gradient design of single cell structure can realize impedance Change of gradient, realize being effectively isolated and decay to vibration noise, therefore have a clear superiority in vibration and noise reducing field.
Summary of the invention
A kind of metal/multiple is provided the purpose of the invention is to improve the energy-obsorbing and damping effect of multi-gradient sandwich structure Double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of condensation material multilayer and preparation method thereof.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer, including panel and are arranged between panel Sandwich layer, the sandwich layer are made of single cell structure, and the single cell structure is thin wall hollow tubular structure, and wall thickness is in axial gradient Variation and/or cell wall density radially change of gradient
The invention also includes features some in this way:
1. the panel is at least three pieces；
2. the single cell structure is Taper Pipe, round tube and square tube；
3. the metal is stainless steel or aluminium, the composite material is carbon fiber, glass fibre or aramid fiber；
4. the sandwich layer is fixedly connected with panel.
A kind of preparation method of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer, includes the following steps:
Step 1: preparing panel, and is polished panel surface, cleaning treatment；
Step 2: preparing single cell structure, the single cell structure wall thickness change in axial gradient and/or cell wall density radially Change of gradient；
Step 3: a kind of single cell structure of relative density is arranged on panel by design scheme and forms sandwich layer, in sandwich layer Upper capping panel；
Step 4: step 4 is repeated, the single cell structure of another relative density is arranged in the panel covered in step 3 On, then cover a deck panels；
Step 5: repeating step 4 and step 5, finally obtains the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwiches of metal/composite material multilayer Structure.
The single cell structure is prepared by mold: being designed and is made mold used in single cell structure；There to be different gradients The material prepreg of configuration is rolled on mold, is molded, when keeping one section after temperature-pressure to preference temperature and pressure Between；It is cooled to room temperature, is demoulded after decompression, single cell structure end is cut and polished, single cell structure is finally obtained；
The mold is made of formpiston and former, and the formpiston is matched with former；The formpiston is spelled by elongated small mold It connects；
The composite material of the difference gradient configuration rolls cutting by identical material, compacting is formed or is passed through by different materials Lay up design is suppressed.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The functionally gradient sandwich material studied extensively at present only has interlayer structure gradient, and the present invention proposes to incorporate sandwich layer list Born of the same parents' configuration gradient the modes such as radially mixes by design unit cell height, wall thickness and different materials, realizes unit cell configuration ladder Degree, and integrated structure gradient constitute the multilayer sandwich structure with double gradients.The structure side of designing and preparing proposed by the present invention Method is relatively simple, and unit cell shape designability is strong, and bedding void provides the space of multifunctional material insertion.Structure by When vibratory impulse, the advantage of unit cell configuration gradient can not only be played, passes through impedance mismatching isolation or the propagation for the vibration that decays, benefit More energy are absorbed with elastic-plastic deformation, moreover it is possible to be utilized structure gradient, be dispersed, balance, redistributing external force raising structure Buffer shock-absorbing performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 a-1c is each layer single cell structure axial cross-sectional views in the embodiment of the present invention 1 with axial gradient；
Fig. 2 a-2b is each layer single cell structure axial cross-sectional views in the embodiment of the present invention 2 with axial gradient；
Fig. 3 is mold schematic diagram needed for having the composite material single cell structure of gradient configuration for present invention preparation；
Fig. 4 a-b is two example structure schematic diagrams of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of multilayer provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The present invention is that the energy-obsorbing and damping effect of raising multi-gradient sandwich structure is drawn on the basis of interlayer structure gradient Enter structure unit cell configuration gradient, devise a kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of multilayer and provides preparation method.
A kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer of the present invention, include Multilayer panel And sandwich layer.The sandwich layer is made of multiple single cell structures with compression energy absorption characteristics；The single cell structure is thin wall hollow pipe Shape structure, and wall thickness is in axial gradient variation or cell wall density radially change of gradient, forms unit cell configuration gradient；It is described more The double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structure of layer, relative density gradually changes between sandwich layer, forms structure gradient.The double gradients of the multilayer Energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structure can not only play the advantage of unit cell configuration gradient, pass through elastic-plastic deformation when being vibrated impact Absorb more energy, moreover it is possible to achieve the effect that buffer shock-absorbing using structure gradient.
Structure of the present invention further includes following characteristics:
The structure is multilayer, and the number of plies and size can design according to demand, by the variation of sandwich layer relative density, is formed Structure gradient；
The sandwich layer single cell structure size and shape can design as required, including the parameters such as wall thickness, height；
The sandwich layer single cell structure is thin wall hollow tubular structure, and changes wall thickness in axial gradient by configuration design Or cell wall density radially change of gradient is realized by mixing for material, to form unit cell configuration gradient；
The panel and single cell structure can be prepared by one or more different materials；
Steps are as follows for a kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structure preparation methods of metal/composite material multilayer:
(1) according to single cell structure size, design and prepare by rolling cutting technique the metal gradient of different relative densities Hollow tubular single cell structure；
(2) metal/composite material panel needed for the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of preparation multilayer, and to its surface into Row polishing, cleaning treatment；
(3) mold needed for designing and making composite material single cell structure；
(4) material prepreg with different gradient configurations is rolled on mold, molding, temperature-pressure is to being suitable for A period of time is kept after temperature and pressure；
(5) it is cooled to room temperature, is demoulded after decompression, composite material gradient single cell structure end is cut, is polished；
(6) a kind of metal/composite material gradient single cell structure of relative density is arranged on panel by design scheme, In Panel is covered on sandwich layer；
(7) operation for repeating (6), is arranged in (6) for the metal/composite material gradient single cell structure of another relative density On the panel of middle capping, then cover a deck panels；
(8) group of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer is completed in the operation for repeating (6) and (7) Dress；
(9) panel is connect with fuse using welding or cementing technique, the double ladders of integrally formed metal/composite material multilayer Spend energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structure.
There are also some features for preparation method of the present invention:
The hollow tubular single cell structure of the preparation can be designed as taper, cylinder or other shapes according to demand；
Corresponding surface treatment method and process, including chemistry are carried out according to the panel of unlike material in the preparation method The processes such as processing, polishing, cleaning；
It is described prepare composite material single cell structure needed for mold be made of formpiston and former two parts；To avoid molding Caused in journey material squeeze out and so on, the elongated small mold that formpiston is designed as muti-piece identical configuration is spliced；
The material with gradient can be rolled cutting by identical material or compacting is formed, and can also pass through paving by different materials Layer design is suppressed；
In the preparation method, when fuse is fixed by the way of cementing with panel, then panel used needs first rubberizing film again It uses.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is that each layer single cell structure axial section in one embodiment provided by the invention with axial gradient is illustrated Figure.Wherein H is single cell structure height, also determines the sandwich layer height where this single cell structure, D1Outside for single cell structure bottom Diameter, D2For single cell structure top outer diameter, t1For single cell structure bottom wall thickness, t2For wall thickness at the top of single cell structure.It is provided in figure Hollow Taper Pipe A and B is with t1And t2For variable, the axial gradient single cell structure designed；Hollow Taper Pipe C is in t1And t2It is equal When, by being laid with 3 layers of different material, the gradient single cell structure designed.
Referring to Fig. 1, single cell structure relative density can be designed by adjusting arbitrary parameter, the hollow cone provided in Fig. 1 Pipe A and B are with t1And t2For variable, the axial gradient single cell structure designed.Unit cell and panel-mounted are fixed into the more of preparation Shown in the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of layer such as Fig. 4 (a).
Therefore the preparation embodiment of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of a kind of metallic multilayer are as follows:
(1) single cell structure size is calculated according to demand, under the premise of unit cell is identical in quality, with t1And t2For variable, design Relative density different axial gradient thin-walled hollow Taper Pipe type single cell structure A and B out；
(2) panel needed for preparing the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of the multilayer, it is original that the present embodiment, which selects 304 stainless steels, Material, after cutting, the greasy dirt and cleaning for removing panel surface dry；
(3) mold needed for designing and making single cell structure preparation, as shown in figure 3, the quantity of unit cell can be appropriate in mold Adjustment, with easy to operate, preparation is efficiently principle；
(4) the plate stainless steel after cutting with gradient is cut, is rolled on mold, molding, temperature-pressure is to suitable Kept for a period of time after suitable temperature and pressure；
(5) it is cooled to room temperature, is demoulded after decompression, gradient single cell structure end is cut, is polished；
(6) hollow Taper Pipe A is arranged on panel by design scheme, a deck panels is covered on sandwich layer；
(7) operation for repeating (6), hollow Taper Pipe B is arranged on the panel covered in (6), then cover a deck panels；
(8) assembling of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of multilayer is completed in the operation for repeating (6) and (7)；
(9) panel and fuse are fixed using vacuum brazing, a kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich knots of as described multilayer Structure.
Shown in the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of the multilayer such as Fig. 4 (a) being prepared, wherein the arrangement of adjacent layer unit cell Mode can connect simultaneously for bottom with top
A deck panels are touched, can also be bottom and bottom, top contacts a deck panels with top simultaneously.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is that each layer single cell structure axial section in another embodiment provided by the invention with axial gradient is illustrated Figure.Meaning of parameters is identical as meaning of parameters in Fig. 1, and hollow circular-tube E is with t1And t2For variable, the axial gradient unit cell designed Structure；Hollow circular-tube F is in t1And t2When equal, by being laid with 3 layers of different material, the gradient unit cell knot designed Structure.
Referring to fig. 2, composite material single cell structure relative density can be designed by adjusting arbitrary parameter, provide in Fig. 2 Hollow circular-tube F be in t1And t2When equal, by being laid with 3 layers of different material, the gradient single cell structure designed.It will Unit cell and the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of multilayer such as Fig. 4 (b) of the fixed preparation of panel-mounted are shown.
Therefore the preparation embodiment of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of a kind of composite material by multilayer are as follows:
(1) single cell structure size is calculated according to demand, in t1And t2When equal, by being laid with carbon fiber, glass fibre and virtue 3 kinds of different composite materials of synthetic fibre design the thin-walled hollow cylindrical tubular unit cell that a variety of relative densities are in axial gradient variation Structure, hollow circular-tube F is only one of configuration in Fig. 2；
(2) panel needed for preparing the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of the multilayer, the present embodiment select carbon fiber, glass fibers The composite panel that dimension mixes with aramid fiber is raw material, after cutting, cleans, dries through polishing, acetone；
(3) mold needed for designing and making single cell structure preparation, in mold the quantity of unit cell can appropriate adjustment, with operation Convenient, preparation is efficiently principle；
(4) composite panel for mixing carbon fiber, glass fibre and aramid fiber is cut, and is rolled on mold, is molded, heating Kept for a period of time after being forced into preference temperature and pressure；
(5) it is cooled to room temperature, is demoulded after decompression, gradient single cell structure end is cut, is polished, acetone cleaning, is dried in the air It is dry；
(6) on all panels of needs after rubberizing film, hollow circular-tube F is arranged on panel by design scheme, in core A deck panels are covered on layer；
(7) hollow circular-tube of another material ply sequence, is arranged the panel covered in (6) by the operation for repeating (6) On, then cover a deck panels；
(8) assembling of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of multilayer is completed in the operation for repeating (6) and (7)；
(9) using vulcanizer temperature-pressure to Appropriate, panel and fuse are solidified, are described one kind after decrease temperature and pressure The double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of multilayer.
Shown in the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of the multilayer such as Fig. 4 (b) being prepared, wherein adjacent layer single cell structure , highly can be unequal in design, diameter can be unequal.
The number of plies, size can required designs in the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of the metal/composite material multilayer；
The double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of the metal/composite material multilayer can be standby with made of metal such as stainless steel, aluminium, also Preparation can be mixed with composite materials such as carbon fiber, glass fibre and aramid fibers, also using plastic or other material 3D printing technique system It is standby；
It is described that Taper Pipe, round tube, square tube and other shapes may be designed as by the single cell structure with gradient configuration；
The double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of the metal/composite material multilayer for being proposed and being prepared by the present invention, single cell structure Gradient design can realize the change of gradient of impedance, realize being effectively isolated and decay to vibration or noise, therefore drop in vibration damping The field of making an uproar has a clear superiority.The concept of integrated structure gradient of the present invention proposes a kind of double gradients of metal/composite material multilayer Energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structure has both structure gradient and unit cell configuration gradient, by the elastic-plastic deformation for carefully seeing gradient single cell structure Energy-absorbing to macroscopical interlayer gradient-structure buffer shock-absorbing double gradient effect, significantly improve structure energy-obsorbing and damping effect.
Fig. 3 is mold schematic diagram needed for present invention preparation has the composite material single cell structure of gradient configuration.Wherein 1 is Former, 2 be formpiston, and to avoid situations such as causing material to squeeze out in clamping process, formpiston is designed as the elongated small mold splicing of muti-piece It forms, if 2-1 in Fig. 3 and 2-2 is small mold.
The above content is only preferable case study on implementation of the invention, for those skilled in the art, according to the present invention Thought, can have change place in specific embodiments and applications, the content of the present specification should not be construed as to this hair Bright limitation.
In summary: the present invention relates to a kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer and its systems Preparation Method.Lighter, safer requirement with fields such as automobile, ship, space flight to advanced light material and structure proposition, The light sandwich structure of excellent in mechanical performance has received widespread attention.Compared with traditional uniform sandwich structure, gradient sandwich knot Performance of the structure in terms of energy-obsorbing and damping is more excellent.Different from existing multi-gradient sandwich structure, disclosed by the invention is one Double gradient multilayer sandwich structures that kind fuse unit cell wall thickness changes in gradient and sandwich layer relative density changes in gradient.Hollow core The wall thickness linear change of sub- unit cell forms unit cell configuration gradient；The sandwich layer relative density of multilayered structure gradually changes, and is formed Structure interlayer gradient.The thin double gradient effect for seeing unit cell and macroscopical hierarchical structure can be achieved at the same time in the structure, thus significantly Improve the energy-obsorbing and damping performance of structure.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer, characterized in that including panel and be arranged in face Sandwich layer between plate, the sandwich layer are made of single cell structure, and the single cell structure is thin wall hollow tubular structure, and wall thickness is in axial Change of gradient and/or cell wall density radially change of gradient.
2. a kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer according to claim 1, feature It is that the panel is at least three pieces.
3. a kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer according to claim 1 or 2, special Sign is that the single cell structure is Taper Pipe, round tube and square tube.
4. a kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer according to claim 1 or 2, special Sign is that the metal is stainless steel or aluminium, and the composite material is carbon fiber, glass fibre or aramid fiber.
5. a kind of double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer according to claim 1 or 2, special Sign is that the sandwich layer is fixedly connected with panel.
6. a kind of preparation method of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer, characterized in that including as follows Step:
Step 1: preparing panel, and is polished panel surface, cleaning treatment；
Step 2: preparing single cell structure, and the single cell structure wall thickness is in axial gradient variation and/or cell wall density radially gradient Variation；
Step 3: a kind of single cell structure of relative density being arranged on panel by design scheme and forms sandwich layer, is added on sandwich layer Cover panel；
Step 4: repeating step 4, the single cell structure of another relative density be arranged on the panel covered in step 3, then Cover a deck panels；
Step 5: repeating step 4 and step 5, finally obtains the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich knots of metal/composite material multilayer Structure.
7. the preparation method of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer according to claim 6, It is characterized in that the single cell structure is prepared by mold:
It designs and makes mold used in single cell structure；Material prepreg with different gradient configurations is rolled in mold On, it molds, a period of time is kept after temperature-pressure to preference temperature and pressure；It is cooled to room temperature, is demoulded after decompression, to unit cell knot Structure end is cut and is polished, and single cell structure is finally obtained.
8. the preparation method of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of metal/composite material multilayer according to claim 7, It is characterized in that the mold is made of formpiston and former, the formpiston is matched with former；The formpiston is spelled by elongated small mold It connects.
9. the preparation side of the double gradient energy-obsorbing and damping sandwich structures of the metal/composite material multilayer according to claims 7 or 8 Method, characterized in that the composite material of the difference gradient configuration rolls cutting by identical material, compacting is formed or by different materials It is suppressed by Lay up design.
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