CN110398698B - SOH estimation method for battery management system - Google Patents

SOH estimation method for battery management system Download PDF

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CN110398698B
CN110398698B CN201910691929.6A CN201910691929A CN110398698B CN 110398698 B CN110398698 B CN 110398698B CN 201910691929 A CN201910691929 A CN 201910691929A CN 110398698 B CN110398698 B CN 110398698B
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CN110398698A (en
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林少青
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Huizhou Sunway Electronics Co ltd
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Huizhou Keda Star Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery

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  • Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for estimating SOH of a battery management system, which comprises the following steps: s1: powering on the BMS; s2: collecting voltage and current of a monomer; s3: calculating a numerical value; s4: checking a threshold value; s5: calculating RO; s6: collecting and comparing; s7: and estimating the SOH. The invention acquires intermediate values to estimate RO (V) on line by collecting a plurality of groups of datax，Tx) The reference is carried out, a large number of calibration experiments are not needed before measurement, the workload during estimation is reduced, and the fluctuation conditions of the voltage and the current in a period of time can be clearly observed through synchronous acquisition of the voltage and the current, so that the health condition of the battery is judged.

Description

SOH estimation method for battery management system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a method for estimating SOH of a battery management system.
Background
The battery management system is a system for managing a battery, and generally has a function of measuring a battery voltage, and prevents or avoids occurrence of abnormal conditions such as overdischarge, overcharge, and excess temperature of the battery, and the object to be managed is generally a rechargeable secondary battery.
The existing battery management system estimates the SOH based on the internal resistance of the battery, needs to perform a large number of tests in advance to calibrate, obtains the initial internal resistance of the battery under different SOCs, and under different charging and discharging working conditions, the voltage and current acquisition cannot be synchronous, so that the calculation distortion is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for estimating SOH of a battery management system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of battery management system SOH estimation, comprising the steps of:
s1: powering on the BMS; acquiring power-on time after BMS is powered on, and then collecting open-circuit voltage V of battery0If the current power-on time and the last power-on time meet the interval T, the condition I is met, and if the open-circuit voltage or the adjacent voltage of the open-circuit voltage is not detectedRecording, and then having a second condition;
s2: collecting voltage and current of a monomer; continuously collecting the single voltage and current of the battery on line, storing and backing up the collected voltage and current as V1、V2…VnAnd I1、I2…InCorresponding to a time t1、t2…tnWherein the sampling time interval is constant t, when n is 9, the optimal value is obtained, the estimation result is more accurate, and at t1Time of day record V1And I1At t2Time of day record V2And I2At tnTime of day record VnAnd InT to be recordedn、VnAnd InAre equally divided into a set of group record backups, i.e. t1、V1、I1One group, t2、V2、I2A group of … tn、Vn、InOne group is convenient for quick calling of subsequent steps;
s3: calculating a numerical value; calculating the value I2-I1，I3-I2…In-I(n-1)，(I1+I2+…+In) t and recording the intermediate voltage V(n+1)/2And current I(n+1)/2If (I)1+I2+…+In)t>0.01C, abandoning the calculation;
s4: checking a threshold value; all I' S in the comparison step S3n-I(n-1)And IaSize, if all In-I(n-1)<IaThen, it represents t1～tnThe current is stable and the voltage is stable within time.
S5: calculating RO; according to the formula RO (V)x，Tx)＝(V0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2Calculating RO value, recording RO value and temperature T of battery packxAnd cell voltage VxWhen calculating the RO value, the condition one and the condition two are required to be satisfied, and when calculating again, the value of R0 can be directly obtained from the storage space;
s6: collecting and comparing; collecting open-circuit voltage after BMS is electrified, and then collecting battery pack on lineIf the value of the temperature T is close to the temperature T, and the cell voltage VxThe value of the cell voltage V is close to VxThen, according to the voltage-current synchronization method, calculating R (V, T) to (V)0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2，SOH(Vx，Tx)＝RO(Vx，Tx)/R(V，T)。
S7: an SOH estimate; different VxAnd TxDifferent SOH values are calculated, and the average value of multiple SOH calculation values is taken as the final SOH estimated value.
Preferably, in step S3, (I)1+I2+…+In) t is tnIf the discharge capacity of the battery pack in time is larger than 0.01C (which is a preferred value, and other limited values can be selected), I is not carried out2-I1，I3-I2…In-I(n-1)RO waits for the next power-up cycle to be calculated.
Preferably, in step S4, the threshold IaIs a preset value, i.e. tn-1To tnCurrent difference in time In-I(n-1)Is always kept less than the threshold value IaThe current fluctuation is considered to be small, and the voltage and the current are stable.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the internal resistance of the battery is obtained without carrying out a large number of calibration experiments on the battery before measurement, and an initial RO (V) is estimated on line by collecting intermediate values of a plurality of groups of datax，Tx) The reference is carried out, the steps of measuring the battery by the system are reduced, and the required value can be quickly obtained.
2. The voltage and the current are synchronously collected, the voltage and the current are sequentially collected at regular intervals t to obtain a group of values of the voltage and the current, which are converted with respect to time, and the fluctuation conditions of the voltage and the current can be known according to the conversion degree of the voltage and the current in each time interval.
In summary, the invention estimates RO (V) on line by collecting multiple groups of data to obtain the intermediate valuex，Tx) Reference is carried out without carrying out a large number of calibration experiments before measurement, and the number of the calibration experiments is reducedThe workload during estimation is reduced, and the fluctuation conditions of the voltage and the current in a period of time can be clearly observed through synchronous acquisition of the voltage and the current, so that the health condition of the battery can be judged.
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FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the steps of a method for estimating SOH of a battery management system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for estimating SOH of a battery management system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to FIGS. 1-2: a method of battery management system SOH estimation, comprising the steps of:
s1: powering on the BMS; acquiring power-on time after BMS is powered on, and then collecting open-circuit voltage V of battery0If the current power-on time and the last power-on time meet the interval T, a first condition is met, and if the open-circuit voltage or the adjacent voltage of the open-circuit voltage is not recorded, a second condition is met.
S2: collecting voltage and current of a monomer; continuously collecting the single voltage and current of the battery on line, storing and backing up the collected voltage and current as V1、V2…VnAnd I1、I2…InCorresponding to a time t1、t2…tnWherein the sampling time interval is constant t, when n is 9, the optimal value is obtained, the estimation result is more accurate, and at t1Time of day record V1And I1At t2Time of day record V2And I2Recording V at time tnnAnd InT to be recordedn、VnAnd InAre equally divided into a set of group record backups, i.e. t1、V1、I1One group, t2、V2、I2A group of … tn、Vn、InAnd one group is convenient for quick calling of subsequent steps.
S3: calculating a numerical value; calculating the value I2-I1，I3-I2…In-I(n-1)，(I1+I2+…+In) t and recording the intermediate voltage V(n+1)/2And current I(n+1)/2If (I)1+I2+…+In)t>0.01C, then abandon the calculation, (I)1+I2+…+In) t is tnIf the discharge capacity of the battery pack in time is more than 0.01C, I is not carried out2-I1，I3-I2…In-I(n-1)RO waits for the next power-up cycle to be calculated.
S4: checking a threshold value; all I' S in the comparison step S3n-I(n-1)And IaSize, if all In-I(n-1)<Ia, then t is1～tnCurrent stability, voltage stability, threshold IaIs a preset value, i.e. tn-1To tnCurrent difference in time In-I(n-1)Is always kept less than the threshold value IaThe current fluctuation is considered to be small, and the voltage and the current are stable.
S5: calculating RO; according to the formula RO (V)x，Tx)＝(V0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2Calculating RO value, recording RO value and temperature T of battery packxAnd cell voltage VxThe condition one and the condition two need to be satisfied when calculating the RO value.
S6: collecting and comparing; after BMS is electrified, open-circuit voltage V is collected0Then, the temperature T and the monomer voltage V of the battery pack are collected on line, and if the value of the temperature T is close to the temperature TxThe value of the cell voltage V is close to VxThen, according to the voltage-current synchronization method, calculating R (V, T) to (V)0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2，SOH(Vx，Tx)＝RO(Vx，Tx) and/R (V, T), if no stable current is obtained in the time when the discharge capacity accumulated in the current electrification is more than 0.01C,the acquisition and comparison are abandoned.
S7: an SOH estimate; different VxAnd TxDifferent SOH values are calculated, and the average value of multiple SOH calculation values is taken as the final SOH estimated value.
This embodiment is used:
1. powering on the BMS; acquiring power-on time after BMS is powered on, and then collecting open-circuit voltage of battery as backup V0When the current power-on time and the previous power-on time satisfy the interval T, the condition one is satisfied, and when the open circuit voltage or the voltage in the vicinity of the open circuit voltage is not recorded, the condition two is satisfied.
2. Collecting voltage and current of a monomer; continuously collecting the single voltage and current of the battery on line, storing and backing up the collected voltage and current as V1＝10V、V2＝11V、V3＝10.5V、V4＝10V、V5＝10V、V6＝11V、V7＝10V、V8＝11V、V912V and I1＝10mA、I2＝11mA、I3＝12mA、I4＝10mA、I5＝10mA、I6＝12mA、I7＝10mA、I8＝10mA、I911mA, corresponding to time t1＝0.001s、t2＝0.002s、t3＝0.003s、t4＝0.004s、t5＝0.005s、t6＝0.006s、t7＝0.007s、t8＝0.008s、t90.009s, where the sampling time interval is constantly t 0.001s, i.e. at t1Time of day record V1And I1At t2Time of day record V2And I2At tnTime of day record VnAnd InT to be recorded1、V1、I1One group, t2、V2、I2A group of … t9、V9、I9And one group is convenient for quick calling of subsequent steps.
3. Calculating a numerical value; calculating the value I2-I1，I3-I2…In-I(n-1)，(I1+I2+…+In) t and notesRecording intermediate voltage V(n+1)/2And current I(n+1)/2If (I)1+I2+…+In)t>0.01C, then abandon the calculation, I2-I1＝1mA、I3-I2＝1mA、I4-I3＝-2mA、I5-I4＝0mA、I6-I5＝2mA、I7-I6＝-2mA、I8-I7＝0mA、I9-I8＝1mA，(I1+I2+I3+I4+I5+I6+I7+I8+I9)t＝(10+11+12+10+10+12+10+10+11)mA×0.001s＝0.096mAs，0.096mAs＝0.0096C<0.01C, recording voltage V(n+1)/2＝V510V and current I(n+1)/2＝I5＝10mA。
4. Checking a threshold value; all I' S in the comparison step S3n-I(n-1)And IaSize, if all In-I(n-1)<IaThen, it represents t1～tnCurrent stabilization, voltage stabilization, setting IaIf all the differences are less than 4mA, t is determined1～t9Within the time, the voltage is stable and the current is stable.
5. Calculating RO; according to the formula RO (V)x，Tx)＝(V0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2Calculating RO value, recording RO value and temperature T of battery packxAnd cell voltage Vx，RO(Vx，Tx)＝(V0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2When the temperature is changed to (12V-10V)/10mA is 200 Ω, the temperature value T is recordedx24 ℃ monomer voltage Vx＝12V。
6. Collecting and comparing; collecting the temperature T of the battery pack after the BMS is electrified to 25 ℃ and the monomer voltage V0The value of the temperature T is close to the temperature T, 12VxMonomer voltage V0Is close to VxCalculating R (V, T) as (V) according to the voltage-current synchronization method0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2＝(V0-V5)/I5＝2V/10mA＝200Ω，SOH(Vx，Tx)＝RO(Vx，Tx) The term "200 Ω/200 Ω × 100%"/R (V, T) "indicates that the health of the battery pack is good.
Example two:
referring to fig. 1-2, a method for battery management system SOH estimation includes the following implementation steps:
1. powering on the BMS; acquiring power-on time after BMS is powered on, and then collecting open-circuit voltage of battery as backup V0When the current power-on time and the previous power-on time satisfy the interval T, the condition one is satisfied, and when the open circuit voltage or the voltage in the vicinity of the open circuit voltage is not recorded, the condition two is satisfied.
2. Collecting voltage and current of a monomer; continuously collecting the single voltage and current of the battery on line, storing and backing up the collected voltage and current as V1＝10V、V2＝11V、V3＝10.5V、V4＝10V、V5＝9.5V、V6＝11V、V7＝10V、V8＝11V、V912V and I1＝10mA、I2＝11mA、I3＝12mA、I4＝10mA、I5＝10mA、I6＝12mA、I7＝10mA、I8＝10mA、I911mA, corresponding to time t1＝0.001s、t2＝0.002s、t3＝0.003s、t4＝0.004s、t5＝0.005s、t6＝0.006s、t7＝0.007s、t8＝0.008s、t90.009s, where the sampling time interval is constantly t 0.001s, i.e. at t1Time of day record V1And I1At t2Time of day record V2And I2At tnTime of day record VnAnd InT to be recorded1、V1、I1One group, t2、V2、I2A group of … t9、V9、I9And one group is convenient for quick calling of subsequent steps.
3. Calculating a numerical value; calculating the value I2-I1，I3-I2…In-I(n-1)，(I1+I2+…+In) t and recording the intermediate voltage V(n+1)/2And current I(n+1)/2If (I)1+I2+…+In)t>0.01C, then abandon the calculation, I2-I1＝1mA、I3-I2＝1mA、I4-I3＝-2mA、I5-I4＝0mA、I6-I5＝2mA、I7-I6＝-2mA、I8-I7＝0mA、I9-I8＝1mA，(I1+I2+I3+I4+I5+I6+I7+I8+I9)t＝(10+11+12+10+10+12+10+10+11)mA×0.001s＝0.096mAs，0.096mAs＝0.0096C<0.01C, recording voltage V(n+1)/2＝V59.5V and current I(n+1)/2＝I5＝10mA。
4. Checking a threshold value; all I' S in the comparison step S3n-I(n-1)And IaSize, if all In-I(n-1)<IaThen, it represents t1～tnCurrent stabilization, voltage stabilization, setting IaIf all the differences are less than 4mA, t is determined1～t9Within the time, the voltage is stable and the current is stable.
5. R0 calculation; the open circuit voltage collected by the BMS is V012V, 24 ℃, which has been recorded, R0 is obtained directly from the storage space as 200 Ω.
6. Collecting and comparing; collecting the temperature T of the battery pack after the BMS is electrified to 25 ℃ and the monomer voltage V0The value of the temperature T is close to the temperature T, 12VxMonomer voltage V0Is close to VxCalculating R (V, T) as (V) according to the voltage-current synchronization method0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2＝(V0-V5)/I5＝2.5V/10mA＝250Ω，SOH(Vx，Tx)＝RO(Vx，Tx) The term "R (V, T)" means 200 Ω/250 Ω × 100% — 80%, which represents 80% of the health of the battery pack.
Example three:
referring to fig. 1-2, a method for battery management system SOH estimation includes the following implementation steps:
1. powering on the BMS; acquiring power-on time after BMS is powered on, and then collecting open-circuit voltage of battery as backup V0When the current power-on time and the previous power-on time satisfy the interval T, the condition one is satisfied, and when the open circuit voltage or the voltage in the vicinity of the open circuit voltage is not recorded, the condition two is satisfied.
2. Collecting voltage and current of a monomer; continuously collecting the single voltage and current of the battery on line, storing and backing up the collected voltage and current as V1＝10V、V2＝11V、V3＝10.5V、V4＝10V、V5＝7V、V6＝11V、V7＝10V、V8＝11V、V912V and I1＝10mA、I2＝11mA、I3＝12mA、I4＝10mA、I5＝10mA、I6＝12mA、I7＝10mA、I8＝10mA、I911mA, corresponding to time t1＝0.001s、t2＝0.002s、t3＝0.003s、t4＝0.004s、t5＝0.005s、t6＝0.006s、t7＝0.007s、t8＝0.008s、t90.009s, where the sampling time interval is constantly t 0.001s, i.e. at t1Time of day record V1And I1At t2Time of day record V2And I2At tnTime of day record VnAnd InT to be recorded1、V1、I1One group, t2、V2、I2A group of … t9、V9、I9And one group is convenient for quick calling of subsequent steps.
3. Calculating a numerical value; calculating the value I2-I1，I3-I2…In-I(n-1)，(I1+I2+…+In) t and recording the intermediate voltage V(n+1)/2And current I(n+1)/2If (I)1+I2+…+In)t>0.01C, then abandon the calculation, I2-I1＝1mA、I3-I2＝1mA、I4-I3＝-2mA、I5-I4＝0mA、I6-I5＝2mA、I7-I6＝-2mA、I8-I7＝0mA、I9-I8＝1mA，(I1+I2+I3+I4+I5+I6+I7+I8+I9)t＝(10+11+12+10+10+12+10+10+11)mA×0.001s＝0.096mAs，0.096mAs＝0.0096C<0.01C, recording voltage V(n+1)/2＝V57V and current I(n+1)/2＝I5＝10mA。
4. Checking a threshold value; all I' S in the comparison step S3n-I(n-1)And IaSize, if all In-I(n-1)<IaThen, it represents t1～tnCurrent stabilization, voltage stabilization, setting IaIf all the differences are less than 4mA, t is determined1～t9Within the time, the voltage is stable and the current is stable.
5. Calculating RO; the BMS has collected an open circuit voltage of 12V and a temperature of 24 ℃, which have been recorded, and has obtained R0 ═ 200 Ω directly from the memory space.
6. Collecting and comparing; the temperature T of the battery pack is 25 ℃ and the monomer open-circuit voltage V are acquired on line after the BMS is electrified0The value of the temperature T is close to the temperature T, 12VxMonomer voltage V0Is close to VxCalculating R (V, T) as (V) according to the voltage-current synchronization method0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2＝(V0-V5)/I5＝(12-7)V/10mA＝500Ω，SOH(Vx，Tx)＝RO(Vx，Tx) The fact that the health condition of the battery pack is remarkably reduced is represented by 40% of/R (V, T) ═ 200 Ω/500 Ω × 100%.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method of battery management system SOH estimation, comprising the steps of:
s1: powering on the BMS; acquiring power-on time after BMS is powered on, and then collecting open-circuit voltage V of battery0If the current electrifying time and the last electrifying time meet the interval T, a first condition is met, and if the open-circuit voltage or the adjacent voltage of the open-circuit voltage is not recorded, a second condition is met;
s2: collecting voltage and current of a monomer; continuously collecting the single voltage and current of the battery on line, storing and backing up the collected voltage and current as V1、V2…VnAnd I1、I2…InCorresponding to a time t1、t2…tnWherein the sampling time interval is constant at t;
s3: calculating a numerical value; calculating the value I2-I1，I3-I2…In-I(n-1)，(I1+I2+…+In) t and recording the voltage V(n+1)/2And current I(n+1)/2If (I)1+I2+…+In)t>0.01C, abandoning the calculation;
s4: checking a threshold value; all I' S in the comparison step S3n-I(n-1)And IaSize, if all In-I(n-1)<IaThen, it represents t1～tnThe current is stable and the voltage is stable within time;
s5: r0 calculation; according to the formula R0 (V)x，Tx)＝(V0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2Calculating the R0 value, and recording the R0 value and the temperature T of the battery packxAnd cell voltage VxWhen the R0 value is calculated, the condition one and the condition two need to be met, and when the R0 value is calculated again, the R0 value can be directly obtained from the storage space;
s6: collecting and comparing; collecting open-circuit voltage after BMS is electrified, and then collecting temperature T and sheet of battery pack on lineBulk voltage V if the value of temperature T is close to temperature TxThe value of the cell voltage V is close to VxThen, according to the voltage-current synchronization method, calculating R (V, T) to (V)0-V(n+1)/2)/I(n+1)/2，SOH(Vx，Tx)＝R0 (Vx，Tx)/R(V，T)；
S7: an SOH estimate; different VxAnd TxDifferent SOH values are calculated, and the average value of multiple SOH calculation values is taken as the final SOH estimated value.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, (I)1+I2+…+In) t is tnIf the discharge capacity of the battery pack in time is more than 0.01C, I is not carried out2-I1，I3-I2…In-I(n-1)The calculation is abandoned.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in step S4, the threshold value I is setaIs a preset value, i.e. tn-1To tnCurrent difference in time In-I(n-1)Is always kept less than the threshold value IaThe current fluctuation is considered to be small, and the voltage and the current are stable.
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