CN110398345B - Single-shot ultrafast response process measurement system for photovoltaic device - Google Patents
Single-shot ultrafast response process measurement system for photovoltaic device Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000005312 nonlinear dynamic Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Pb]=S XCAUINMIESBTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026954 response to X-ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0207—Details of measuring devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/04—Optical benches therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
- H02S50/15—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells using optical means, e.g. using electroluminescence
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-shot ultrafast response process measurement system for a photovoltaic device, which comprises a beam splitter, a folding mirror, a nonlinear dynamic process transmission light path, a visible light time response transmission light path, an X-ray time response transmission light path, the photovoltaic device and a recording module. By adopting the technical scheme, the nonlinear dynamic process and the time response process of the photovoltaic device are measured in a pumping-excitation mode, so that the device can be excited by a visible light wave band and also can be excited by X rays; the time response process and the nonlinear dynamics process of the photovoltaic device can be measured simultaneously by using a single-shot laser or X-ray excitation method for measurement; the measurement can be carried out in the working state of the photovoltaic device, and a decomposition experiment is not required to be carried out; the measurement time resolution can be adjusted according to different measurement requirements; the application range is wide, and the method is not only suitable for photovoltaic devices, but also suitable for other similar active devices. Therefore, the method has the advantages of high time resolution, tunability, wide application range and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement of an ultrafast response process of a photovoltaic device, in particular to a measurement system of a single ultrafast response process of the photovoltaic device.
Background
The PbS quantum dots are absorbed in the near infrared band, the AgInZnS quantum dots are absorbed in the visible light band, and the combination of the PbS quantum dots and the AgInZnS quantum dots can ensure that different wavelength components in sunlight can be absorbed and utilized. In addition, the quantum dots contain Pb with high atomic number, so that the device has obvious response to X-ray irradiation. Therefore, the photovoltaic device based on PbS and AgInZnS quantum dots has wide application prospect in the visible light wave band and the X-ray wave band, and can be used for solar batteries, visible light detectors, X-ray detectors and the like. The time response process of the photovoltaic device is an important index of the device, and an oscilloscope is generally used for measurement; while there are many ways to measure the nonlinear dynamics of photovoltaic devices.
At present, the research of ultrafast processes such as carrier generation, transition, relaxation and the like in materials is generally carried out by using a femtosecond pumping-detection method. The spatial position variation is used to obtain the delay relation of the light beam in time. The optical delay line is changed so that there is a certain time delay between the pump light and the probe light, and the intensity change of the probe light after passing through the sample is measured. The intensity change reflects the relaxation process of the excited carriers in the sample. By establishing the relation between the detected light intensity and the time delay, the time resolution process of carrier transition and relaxation can be obtained. The wavelength of the probe light and the pump light may be different and may be classified as single, dual or multi-color pump probing. However, the method needs to excite the sample for multiple times, the measured data is obtained after continuously changing the delay time and exciting the sample for multiple times by laser, and the identity of the measured conditions cannot be ensured, so that no system or method can be realized on the same platform at present, the visible light or X-ray irradiation can be used for single-shot excitation, and the time response process and the nonlinear dynamics process are measured at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a single ultrafast response process measurement system of a photovoltaic device, which aims to solve the technical problems that the prior art cannot irradiate with visible light or X-rays on the same platform, perform single excitation and simultaneously measure a time response process and a nonlinear dynamics process.
The technical scheme is as follows:
The system is characterized by comprising a beam splitter, a folding mirror, a nonlinear dynamic process transmission light path, a visible light time response transmission light path, an X-ray time response transmission light path, a photovoltaic device and a recording module for measuring the time response and the nonlinear dynamic process of the photovoltaic device, wherein the nonlinear dynamic process transmission light path is provided with calcium fluoride and a glass rod;
A beam of ultrashort pulse laser is divided into two beams by transmission and reflection of a beam splitter; when the folding mirror is unfolded, a beam of ultrashort pulse laser transmitted by the beam splitter is used as pumping light and is focused on the photovoltaic device through a visible light time response transmission light path; when the folding mirror is retracted, a beam of ultra-short pulse laser transmitted by the beam splitter enters an X-ray time response transmission light path through the folding mirror to generate X-rays, and the X-rays can irradiate the photovoltaic device; and a beam of ultra-short pulse laser reflected by the beam splitter enters a nonlinear dynamics process transmission light path, the beam of ultra-short pulse laser is focused on calcium fluoride in the nonlinear dynamics process transmission light path to generate a super-continuous spectrum as detection light, the detection light enters a glass rod to generate chirped pulses, and the chirped pulses can act on a photovoltaic device together with pumping light or X rays.
By adopting the structure, the nonlinear dynamic process and the time response process of the photovoltaic device are measured in a pumping-excitation mode, and the device can be excited by a visible light wave band or an X-ray; the time response process and the nonlinear dynamics process of the photovoltaic device can be measured simultaneously by using a single-shot laser or X-ray excitation method for measurement; in addition, the measurement can be carried out in the working state of the photovoltaic device, and a decomposition experiment is not required to be carried out; meanwhile, the measurement time resolution can be adjusted according to different measurement requirements; and the application range is wide, and the method is not only suitable for photovoltaic devices, but also suitable for other similar active devices. Therefore, the method has the advantages of high time resolution, tunability, wide application range and the like.
As preferable: the nonlinear dynamics process transmission light path further comprises a first attenuation sheet, a delay component, a first focusing lens, a first parabolic mirror, a first short-wave pass filter, a second parabolic mirror and a first polarizing plate, wherein the first attenuation sheet, the delay component and the first focusing lens are sequentially transmitted between the beam splitting mirror and the calcium fluoride, the first parabolic mirror and the first short-wave pass filter are sequentially transmitted between the calcium fluoride and the glass rod, and the second parabolic mirror and the first polarizing plate are sequentially transmitted between the glass rod and the photovoltaic device. By adopting the structure, the optical path can be conveniently changed through the delay component, so that a certain wavelength of the chirp detection light is overlapped with the pumping light in time.
As preferable: the delay component comprises a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, a translation stage and a hollow retroreflector arranged on the translation stage, wherein the first reflecting mirror, the hollow retroreflector and the second reflecting mirror are sequentially transmitted between a first attenuation sheet and a first focusing lens, and the hollow retroreflector can move under the driving of the translation stage so as to change the length of an optical path. By adopting the structure, the optical path adjusting device has high accuracy of optical path adjustment and is convenient to operate.
As preferable: the recording module comprises a spectrometer, a CCD and an oscilloscope for recording the time response process of the photovoltaic device, wherein the oscilloscope is electrically connected with the photovoltaic device, a second polaroid and a second focusing lens are sequentially arranged between the photovoltaic device and the spectrometer, and the second polaroid is orthogonal to the first polaroid;
The signal light passing through the photovoltaic device is dispersed by the spectrometer through the second polaroid and the second focusing lens in sequence, and the transmission spectrum is recorded by the CCD.
By adopting the structure, the time response process of the sample can be recorded on the oscilloscope; the measurement result of the spectrum can be recorded on the CCD, and the nonlinear dynamics process can be obtained according to the wavelength.
As preferable: the visible light time response transmission light path comprises a second attenuation sheet, a frequency doubling crystal, a second short-wave pass filter, a first reflecting mirror group, a third polarizing sheet, a light-transmitting small hole and a third focusing lens which are sequentially transmitted between the folding mirror and the photovoltaic device. By adopting the structure, the structure is reasonable in design, stable and reliable, and can generate chirped pulses with controllable wavelength and finally focus on a photovoltaic device.
As preferable: the X-ray time response transmission light path comprises a fourth focusing lens, a metal ball and a second reflecting mirror group arranged between the folding mirror and the fourth focusing lens;
and a beam of ultra-short pulse laser transmitted by the beam splitter is focused on the metal ball through the second reflector group and the fourth focusing lens in sequence, so that X-rays capable of being irradiated on the photovoltaic device are generated.
By adopting the structure, the design is reasonable, and the device is stable and reliable.
As preferable: the laser focusing device further comprises a target chamber, wherein at least the fourth focusing lens, the metal ball and the photovoltaic device are positioned in the target chamber, and a glass window for laser injection and signal output is formed in the target chamber. Because the laser of X-ray generated by the targeting is stronger, and the X-ray is also stronger, the structure is adopted to play a good role in protection.
As preferable: the photovoltaic device comprises a glass layer, a transparent electrode layer, an electron transmission layer, a light absorption layer, a hole transmission layer and a metal electrode which are laminated in sequence. With the structure, a complete photovoltaic device is formed.
As preferable: the transparent electrode layer is ITO conductive glass, the electron transmission layer is ZnO, the light absorption layer is PbS and AgInZnS quantum dots, the hole transmission layer is MoO 3, and the metal electrode is Au. Wherein, pbS and AgInZnS quantum dots are prepared by spin coating method as light absorption layers, moO 3 is deposited on the light absorption layers, and Au metal electrodes are evaporated in a vacuum evaporator.
As preferable: the photovoltaic device is positioned in a shielding cover capable of transmitting X rays, and a small hole through which laser can pass is formed in the shielding cover. With the structure, stray light can be shielded, and X rays can be transmitted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The system for measuring the single-shot ultrafast response process of the photovoltaic device has the advantages of novel structure and ingenious design, and can be used for measuring the nonlinear dynamic process and the time response process of the photovoltaic device in a pumping-excitation mode, so that the system can be excited by a visible light wave band or an X-ray; the time response process and the nonlinear dynamics process of the photovoltaic device can be measured simultaneously by using a single-shot laser or X-ray excitation method for measurement; in addition, the measurement can be carried out in the working state of the photovoltaic device, and a decomposition experiment is not required to be carried out; meanwhile, the measurement time resolution can be adjusted according to different measurement requirements; and the application range is wide, and the method is not only suitable for photovoltaic devices, but also suitable for other similar active devices. Therefore, the method has the advantages of high time resolution, tunability, wide application range and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the simultaneous measurement of time response and nonlinear dynamics by irradiation with visible light in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the simultaneous measurement of the time response and nonlinear dynamics of the present invention with X-ray irradiation;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples and figures.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a system for measuring a single-shot ultrafast response process of a photovoltaic device comprises a beam splitter 1, a folding mirror 2, a nonlinear dynamic process transmission light path, a visible light time response transmission light path, an X-ray time response transmission light path, a photovoltaic device 17 and a recording module for measuring the time response and the nonlinear dynamic process of the photovoltaic device 17, wherein the nonlinear dynamic process transmission light path is provided with calcium fluoride 11 and a glass rod 14;
An ultra-short pulse laser (100 fs, energy is adjustable, generally 800nm wavelength) is divided into two beams by transmission and reflection of a beam splitter 1, specifically, 95% of laser transmission and 5% of laser reflection; when the folding mirror 2 is unfolded, a beam of ultrashort pulse laser transmitted by the beam splitter 1 is used as pumping light and is focused on the photovoltaic device 17 through a visible light time response transmission light path; when the folding mirror 2 is folded, a beam of ultra-short pulse laser transmitted by the beam splitter 1 enters an X-ray time response transmission light path through the folding mirror 2 to generate X-rays, and the X-rays can irradiate the photovoltaic device 17; a beam of ultrashort pulse laser reflected by the beam splitter 1 enters a nonlinear dynamics process transmission optical path, and is focused on the calcium fluoride 11 in the nonlinear dynamics process transmission optical path to generate a supercontinuum as detection light, and the detection light enters the glass rod 14 to generate chirped pulses, wherein the chirped pulses can act on the photovoltaic device 17 simultaneously with pump light or X-rays.
Referring to fig. 3, the photovoltaic device 17 includes a glass layer 171, a transparent electrode layer 172, an electron transport layer 173, a light absorption layer 174, a hole transport layer 175 and a metal electrode 176, which are laminated in this order. The transparent electrode layer 172 is made of ITO conductive glass, the electron transmission layer 173 is made of ZnO, the light absorption layer 174 is made of PbS and AgInZnS quantum dots, the hole transmission layer 175 is made of MoO 3, and the metal electrode 176 is made of Au. Specifically, a layer of ZnO is deposited on the ITO conductive glass as an electron transport layer, and the thickness of the ZnO is 50nm; preparing PbS and AgInZnS quantum dots serving as light absorption layers by a spin coating method, wherein the thickness of the light absorption layers is 200nm (adjustable); then MoO 3 with the thickness of 10nm is deposited on the quantum dot layer; finally, evaporating a 10nm gold electrode on the uppermost surface by using a vacuum evaporator to form a complete photovoltaic device.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the nonlinear dynamical process transmission optical path further includes a first attenuation sheet 29, a delay component, a first focusing lens 10, a first parabolic mirror 12, a first short-wave pass filter 13, a second parabolic mirror 15, and a first polarizing plate 16, wherein the first attenuation sheet 29, the delay component, and the first focusing lens 10 are sequentially transmitted between the beam splitter 1 and the calcium fluoride 11, the first parabolic mirror 12 and the first short-wave pass filter 13 are sequentially transmitted between the calcium fluoride 11 and the glass rod 14, and the second parabolic mirror 15 and the first polarizing plate 16 are sequentially transmitted between the glass rod 14 and the photovoltaic device 17, and the first attenuation sheet 29 is adjustable.
Wherein the delay assembly comprises a first reflecting mirror 8, a second reflecting mirror 9, a translation stage 31 and a hollow retroreflector 35 arranged on the translation stage 31, wherein the first reflecting mirror 8, the hollow retroreflector 35 and the second reflecting mirror 9 are sequentially transmitted between a first attenuation sheet 29 and a first focusing lens 10, and the hollow retroreflector 35 can be driven by the translation stage 31 to move so as to change the optical path length, wherein the adjustment precision of the translation stage 31 is better than 1 micrometer.
Specifically, after being attenuated by the first attenuation sheet 29, a beam of ultrashort pulse laser reflected by the beam splitter 1 is changed in optical path by a delay component, that is, is focused onto the calcium fluoride 11 by the first focusing lens 10 to generate a supercontinuum as detection light after passing through the first reflecting mirror 8, the hollow retroreflector 35 and the second reflecting mirror 9 in sequence, the detection light enters the glass rod 14 to generate chirped pulses after passing through the first parabolic mirror 12 and the first short-wave pass filter 13 in sequence, and finally the chirped pulses are focused onto the photovoltaic device 17 by the second parabolic mirror 15 and the first polarizing sheet 16 in sequence.
Referring to fig. 1, the visible light time response transmission optical path includes a second attenuation sheet 28, a frequency doubling crystal 32, a second short-wave pass filter 33, a first mirror group, a third polarizer 25, a light passing aperture 26, and a third focusing lens 27, which are sequentially transmitted between the folding mirror 2 and the photovoltaic device 17. Wherein the first mirror group comprises a third mirror 23 and a fourth mirror 24.
Specifically, when the folding mirror 2 is unfolded, a beam of ultrashort pulse laser transmitted by the beam splitter 1 is used as pump light, is attenuated by the second attenuation sheet 28, reaches the frequency doubling crystal 32, sequentially passes through the second short-wave pass filter 33, the third reflecting mirror 23 and the fourth reflecting mirror 24, and then is emitted to the third polarizing sheet 25, the polarization of the pump light is changed by the third polarizing sheet 25, then passes through the light passing hole 26, and finally is focused on the photovoltaic device 17 by the third focusing lens 27.
Referring to fig. 2, the X-ray time response transmission optical path includes a fourth focusing lens 6, a metal ball 7, and a second mirror group disposed between the folding mirror 2 and the fourth focusing lens 6, wherein the second mirror group includes a fifth mirror 3, a sixth mirror 5, and a seventh mirror 4.
Specifically, when the folding mirror 2 is folded, a beam of ultrashort pulse laser transmitted by the beam splitter 1 reaches the fourth focusing lens 6 through the fifth reflecting mirror 3, the sixth reflecting mirror 5 and the seventh reflecting mirror 4 in sequence, and is focused on the metal ball 7 by the fourth focusing lens 6 to generate X-rays, and the X-rays are irradiated on the photovoltaic device 17.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the recording module includes a spectrometer 22, a CCD34, and an oscilloscope 19 for recording the time response of the photovoltaic device 17.
The photovoltaic device 17 can generate photocurrent through light irradiation, one side of the glass layer 171 faces to the incident laser, the oscilloscope 19 is electrically connected with the photovoltaic device 17, that is, the photovoltaic device 17 leads out wires on the transparent electrode layer 172 and the metal electrode 176, and is connected to the oscilloscope 19 for measurement, and the time response process of the sample can be recorded on the oscilloscope.
A second polarizer 20 and a second focusing lens 21 are arranged in this order between the photovoltaic device 17 and the spectrometer 22, the second polarizer 20 being orthogonal to the first polarizer 16. The signal light passing through the photovoltaic device 17 is dispersed by the spectrometer 22 through the second polarizer 20 and the second focusing lens 21 in sequence, the transmission spectrum is recorded by the CCD34, the measurement result of the spectrum can be recorded on the CCD34, and the nonlinear dynamic process can be obtained according to the wavelength.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in order to shield stray light, the photovoltaic device 17 is located in a shielding case 18 that can transmit X-rays, and a small hole through which laser light can pass is formed in the shielding case 18.
Since the laser beam for generating the X-ray by targeting is strong and the X-ray is also strong, the first polaroid 16, the photovoltaic device 17, the shielding cover 18, the second polaroid 20, the second focusing lens 21, the third focusing lens 27, the fourth focusing lens 6 and the metal ball 7 are arranged in the target chamber 30 with the diameter of 1m, the thickness of the target chamber 30 is 50mm, and a glass window on the target chamber 30 can be used for laser injection and signal output.
Basic principle:
1. The chirped pulses are scaled, i.e. the time versus wavelength is determined. The folding mirror 2 is unfolded and the pump laser and the detection chirp coincide in the sample. The photovoltaic device 17 is replaced by ZnSe with the thickness of 1mm, the delay component is adjusted, namely the optical path length of the pumping light and the detecting light is changed, and the transmission spectrum under different delays is recorded by the spectrometer 22 and the CCD34, so that the relation between the delay time and the chirp pulse wavelength is determined.
2. Time response of samples under visible light pumping conditions and nonlinear dynamic process measurements. The folding mirror 2 is unfolded, and the delay component is adjusted so that a certain wavelength of the chirp detection light coincides with the pump light in time. The intensities of the pump light and the probe light are changed, and the photovoltaic device 17 is excited with one pulse (single shot). The time response of the photovoltaic device 17 can be recorded on an oscilloscope 19. At the same time, the spectral measurements can be recorded on the CCD34, and nonlinear dynamics can be obtained according to wavelength. The pump light is on the order of hundreds of microjoules and the probe light is weak.
3. Time response of the sample under X-ray and nonlinear dynamics measurements. The folding mirror 2 is folded, the pumping light intensity is of the order of joule, the metal ball 7 is irradiated to generate X rays, and the X rays penetrate through the shielding cover 18 to irradiate the photovoltaic device 17. Similar to the visible light condition, the response of the device under the X-ray and the nonlinear ultrafast dynamic process can be recorded at the same time.
Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and that many similar changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A photovoltaic device single-shot ultrafast response process measurement system is characterized in that: the device comprises a beam splitter (1), a folding mirror (2), a nonlinear dynamic process transmission light path, a visible light time response transmission light path, an X-ray time response transmission light path, a photovoltaic device (17) and a recording module for measuring the time response of the photovoltaic device (17) and the nonlinear dynamic process, wherein the nonlinear dynamic process transmission light path is provided with calcium fluoride (11) and a glass rod (14);
A beam of ultrashort pulse laser is divided into two beams by transmission and reflection of a beam splitter (1); when the folding mirror (2) is unfolded, a beam of ultra-short pulse laser transmitted by the beam splitter (1) is used as pumping light to be focused on the photovoltaic device (17) through a visible light time response transmission light path; when the folding mirror (2) is folded, a beam of ultra-short pulse laser transmitted by the beam splitter (1) enters an X-ray time response transmission light path through the folding mirror (2) to generate X-rays, and the X-rays can irradiate a photovoltaic device (17); a beam of ultra-short pulse laser reflected by the beam splitter (1) enters a nonlinear dynamic process transmission light path, the beam of ultra-short pulse laser is focused on calcium fluoride (11) in the nonlinear dynamic process transmission light path to generate a super-continuous spectrum as detection light, the detection light enters a glass rod (14) to generate chirp pulses, and the chirp pulses can act on a photovoltaic device (17) together with pump light or X rays;
The nonlinear dynamic process transmission light path further comprises a first attenuation sheet (29), a delay component, a first focusing lens (10), a first parabolic mirror (12), a first short-wave pass filter (13), a second parabolic mirror (15) and a first polaroid (16), wherein the first attenuation sheet (29), the delay component and the first focusing lens (10) are sequentially transmitted between the beam splitter (1) and the calcium fluoride (11), the first parabolic mirror (12) and the first short-wave pass filter (13) are sequentially transmitted between the calcium fluoride (11) and the glass rod (14), and the second parabolic mirror (15) and the first polaroid (16) are sequentially transmitted between the glass rod (14) and the photovoltaic device (17);
The visible light time response transmission light path comprises a second attenuation sheet (28), a frequency doubling crystal (32), a second short-wave pass filter (33), a first reflecting mirror group, a third polaroid (25), a light-transmitting small hole (26) and a third focusing lens (27), which are sequentially transmitted between the folding mirror (2) and the photovoltaic device (17).
2. The photovoltaic device single-shot ultrafast response process measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the delay component comprises a first reflecting mirror (8), a second reflecting mirror (9), a translation stage (31) and a hollow retroreflector (35) arranged on the translation stage (31), wherein the first reflecting mirror (8), the hollow retroreflector (35) and the second reflecting mirror (9) are sequentially transmitted between a first attenuation sheet (29) and a first focusing lens (10), and the hollow retroreflector (35) can be driven by the translation stage (31) to move so as to change the length of an optical path.
3. The photovoltaic device single-shot ultrafast response process measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the recording module comprises a spectrometer (22), a CCD (34) and an oscilloscope (19) for recording the time response process of the photovoltaic device (17), wherein the oscilloscope (19) is electrically connected with the photovoltaic device (17), a second polaroid (20) and a second focusing lens (21) are sequentially arranged between the photovoltaic device (17) and the spectrometer (22), and the second polaroid (20) is orthogonal to the first polaroid (16);
The signal light passing through the photovoltaic device (17) is dispersed by a spectrometer (22) through a second polaroid (20) and a second focusing lens (21) in sequence, and the transmission spectrum is recorded by a CCD (34).
4. The photovoltaic device single-shot ultrafast response process measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the X-ray time response transmission light path comprises a fourth focusing lens (6), a metal ball (7) and a second reflecting mirror group arranged between the folding mirror (2) and the fourth focusing lens (6);
A beam of ultra-short pulse laser transmitted by the beam splitter (1) is focused on the metal ball (7) through the second reflector group and the fourth focusing lens (6) in sequence, so that X rays capable of being irradiated on the photovoltaic device (17) are generated.
5. The photovoltaic device single-shot ultrafast response process measurement system of claim 4, wherein: the laser focusing device further comprises a target chamber (30), at least the fourth focusing lens (6), the metal ball (7) and the photovoltaic device (17) are positioned in the target chamber (30), and a glass window for laser injection and signal output is formed in the target chamber (30).
6. The photovoltaic device single-shot ultrafast response process measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the photovoltaic device (17) comprises a glass layer (171), a transparent electrode layer (172), an electron transport layer (173), a light absorption layer (174), a hole transport layer (175) and a metal electrode (176) which are laminated in sequence.
7. The photovoltaic device single-shot ultrafast response process measurement system of claim 6, wherein: the transparent electrode layer (172) is ITO conductive glass, the electron transmission layer (173) is made of ZnO, the light absorption layer (174) is made of PbS and AgInZnS quantum dots, the hole transmission layer (175) is made of MoO 3, and the metal electrode (176) is made of Au.
8. The photovoltaic device single shot ultrafast response process measurement system of claim 1, 6, or 7, wherein: the photovoltaic device (17) is arranged in a shielding cover (18) capable of transmitting X rays, and small holes through which laser can pass are formed in the shielding cover (18).
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