CN110394698A - 一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具及方法 - Google Patents

一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具及方法 Download PDF

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CN110394698A
CN110394698A CN201910622264.3A CN201910622264A CN110394698A CN 110394698 A CN110394698 A CN 110394698A CN 201910622264 A CN201910622264 A CN 201910622264A CN 110394698 A CN110394698 A CN 110394698A
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rubbing down
inner hole
aluminum alloy
pipe
wall aluminum
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CN110394698B (zh
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刘志
秦伦斌
王宪勇
魏晓磊
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AECC Harbin Dongan Engine Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
    • B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
    • B24B29/06—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces for elongated workpieces having uniform cross-section in one main direction
    • B24B29/08—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces for elongated workpieces having uniform cross-section in one main direction the cross-section being circular, e.g. tubes, wires, needles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
    • B24B47/12—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces by mechanical gearing or electric power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work
    • B24B5/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces internally
    • B24B5/10—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding cylindrical surfaces internally involving a horizontal tool spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
    • B24B55/02—Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
    • B24B55/06—Dust extraction equipment on grinding or polishing machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D9/00—Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper
    • B24D9/006—Tools consisting of a rolled strip of flexible material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具及方法，属于管材内孔抛磨技术领域。包括磨头组件(1)、连接头(2)、密封头(3)、防护橡胶圈(4)、磨杆(5)、通液阀(6)；本发明通过驱动机构带动管材旋转，磨头组件(1)自转并进给对管材内孔抛磨。同时由通液阀(6)、磨杆(5)内孔、连接头(2)出水口通入冷却液进行润滑和清洗，排除抛磨金属屑和颗粒物，根据要求的粗糙度更换相应粒度的砂纸，可以达到要求的表面技术要求，解决了细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨问题，工艺性好、抛磨质量稳定。

Description

一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具及方法，属于管材内孔抛磨技术领域。
背景技术
细长薄壁精密铝合金管材由于比强度大，主要用于航空结构件和机载产品。但管材加工精度、表面质量、探伤级别要求严格，尤其是内孔质量无法保证，影响管材表面质量和探伤，产品合格率极低。铝合金管材采用变形加工成型，管材椭圆度较大，壁厚偏差要求严格，采用传统机械珩磨方法磨削会造成修正椭圆度，造成壁厚不合格；采用通用抛磨砂纸抛磨轮抛磨，抛磨效果达不到技术要求。
发明内容
本发明涉及到一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨方法，提高细长薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨质量。
本发明的具体技术方案：一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具，其特征在于，包括磨头组件1、连接头2、密封头3、防护橡胶圈4、磨杆5、通液阀6；连接头2为柱状台阶结构，小直径一端与磨头组件1的一端固定连接，连接头2大直径一端设有通水孔，与通水孔贯通并对称开有2个出水口，磨杆5套在连接头2大直径一端，磨杆5另一端套在密封头3上并固定连接；通液阀6装在密封头3的螺纹孔内；多个防护橡胶圈4套在磨杆5外圆上。
所述的连接头2小直径一端与磨头组件1的固定连接为螺纹连接。
所述的磨头组件1，包括砂纸1-1、弹性支撑骨架1-2、固定轴1-3。
所述弹性支撑骨架1-2一般采用薄钢板制造，并切成条状
所述砂纸1-1有砂粒的一面朝外放在弹性支撑骨架1-2上。
所述弹性支撑骨架1-2有2个。
所述2个弹性支撑骨架1-2分别从固定轴1-3矩形通槽两侧相对插入并固定。
所述的磨杆5采用管材制造，保持中空结构，起到疏通冷却液作用。
一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨方法，其特征在于，将待抛磨的管材套在抛磨工具的磨头组件1上，将管材一端用抛磨设备夹盘夹紧，另一端采用滚轮支架支撑，管材通过机床夹盘带动旋转，抛磨工具一端安装在抛磨设备尾座上，并通过动力驱动旋转，工作时通过通液阀6通入冷却液，冷却液通过磨杆5内孔、连接头2出水口注入到管材内孔；磨头组件1的砂纸1-1与管材内壁充分接触，并具有一定的退让性。
所述磨头组件1的2个对称装有砂纸的弹性支撑骨架1-2在旋转过程起到容屑槽作用，加工屑末可及时排出。
本发明的效果：本发明涉及的一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨方法。通过驱动机构带动管材旋转，磨头组件1自转并进给对管材内孔抛磨。同时由通液阀6、磨杆5内孔、连接头2出水口通入冷却液进行润滑和清洗，排除抛磨金属屑和颗粒物，根据要求的粗糙度更换相应粒度的砂纸，可以达到要求的表面技术要求，解决了细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨问题，工艺性好、抛磨质量稳定。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工作原理图。
图2为抛磨工具结构示意图。
其中：1-磨头组件 2-连接头 3-密封头 4-防护橡胶圈 5-磨杆 6-通液阀
图3为磨头组件结构示意图。
其中：1-1砂纸 1-2弹性支撑骨架 1-3固定轴
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明：
如图2所示，一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具，包括磨头组件1、连接头2、密封头3、防护橡胶圈4、磨杆5、通液阀6；连接头2为柱状台阶结构，小直径一端装在磨头组件1固定连接，连接头2大直径一端设有通水孔，与通水孔贯通并对称开有2个出水口，磨杆5套在连接头2大直径一端，磨杆5另一端套在密封头3上，均采用胶接方式固定连接，以保证连接强度要求，连接可靠；通液阀6装在密封头3的螺纹孔内；多个防护橡胶圈4套在磨杆5外圆上，工作时防止磨杆与管材内壁接触，造成管材内孔划伤等缺陷。所述的连接头2小直径一端与磨头组件1的固定连接为螺纹连接，并可拆卸和维护。磨杆5采用管材制造，保持中空结构，起到疏通冷却液作用。
如图3所示，所述的磨头组件1，包括砂纸1-1、弹性支撑骨架1-2、固定轴1-3：弹性支撑骨架1-2一般采用薄钢板制造，并切成条状，可以对管壁充分接触，砂纸1-1有砂粒的一面朝外贴在弹性支撑骨架1-2上，2个装有砂纸的弹性骨架分别从固定轴1-3矩形通槽两侧插入并固定。
一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨方法，其特征在于，将待抛磨的管材套在抛磨工具的磨头组件1上，将管材一端通过抛磨设备夹盘夹紧，另一端采用滚轮支架支撑，管材通过机床夹盘带动旋转，防止因抛磨工具重量下垂造成管材下侧去除余量大，造成壁厚不均，可以保证管材内孔均匀抛磨去除余量；抛磨工具一端安装在抛磨设备尾座上，并通过动力驱动旋转和轴向进给；工作时通过通液阀6通入冷却液，冷却液通过磨杆5内孔、连接头2出水口注入到管材内孔，对管材抛磨起到冷却和排屑作用，排除抛磨金属屑和颗粒物，防止颗粒物和金属屑对管材表面造成划伤；弹性支撑骨架1-2保证砂纸与管材内壁充分接触，并保证一定的压力，弹性支撑骨架1-2上的砂纸与管壁非硬接触，并具有一定的退让性，防止砂纸消耗快并造成磨削失效，也防止对管材内壁造成损伤；2个对称装有砂纸的弹性支撑骨架1-2在旋转过程起到容屑槽作用，加工屑末可及时排出，防止产生划伤，有效保证表面质量。
工作过程：细长薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨原理如图1所示。通过驱动机构带动管材旋转，磨头组件自转并进给对管材内孔抛磨。同时由通液阀通入冷却液进行润滑和清洗，排除抛磨金属屑和颗粒物，根据要求的粗糙度更换相应粒度的砂纸，以达到要求的表面技术要求。

Claims (10)

1.一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具，其特征在于，包括磨头组件(1)、连接头(2)、密封头(3)、防护橡胶圈(4)、磨杆(5)、通液阀(6)；连接头(2)为柱状台阶结构，小直径一端与磨头组件(1)固定连接，连接头(2)大直径一端设有通水孔，与通水孔贯通并对称开有2个出水口，磨杆(5)一端套在连接头(2)大直径一端，另一端套在密封头(3)上并固定连接；通液阀(6)装在密封头(3)的螺纹孔内；多个防护橡胶圈(4)套在磨杆(5)外圆上。
2.如权利要求1所述的细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具，其特征在于，所述的连接头(2)小直径一端与磨头组件(1)的固定连接为螺纹连接。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具，其特征在于，所述的磨头组件(1)，包括砂纸(1-1)、弹性支撑骨架(1-2)、固定轴(1-3)。
4.如权利要求3所述的细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具，其特征在于，弹性支撑骨架(1-2)采用薄钢板制造，并切成条状。
5.如权利要求3所述的细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具，其特征在于，所述砂纸(1-1)有砂粒的一面朝外放在弹性支撑骨架(1-2)上。
6.如权利要求3所述的细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具，其特征在于，所述弹性支撑骨架(1-2)有2个。
7.如权利要求5所述的细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具，其特征在于，所述两个装有砂纸弹性支撑骨架(1-2)分别从固定轴(1-3)矩形通槽两侧相对插入并固定。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨工具，其特征在于，所述的磨杆(5)采用管材制造。
9.一种细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨方法，其特征在于，将待抛磨的管材套在抛磨工具的磨头组件(1)上，将管材一端用抛磨设备夹盘夹紧，另一端采用滚轮支架支撑，管材通过机床夹盘带动旋转，抛磨工具一端安装在抛磨设备尾座上，并通过动力驱动旋转，工作时通过通液阀(6)通入冷却液，冷却液通过磨杆(5)内孔、连接头(2)出水口注入到管材内孔；弹性支撑骨架(1-2)保证砂纸与管材内壁充分接触，并具有一定的退让性。
10.如权利要求9所述的细长精密薄壁铝合金管材内孔抛磨方法，其特征在于，所述磨头组件(1)的2个对称装有砂纸的弹性支撑骨架(1-2)在旋转过程起到容屑槽作用，加工屑末可及时排出。
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CN109968121A (zh) * 2019-04-09 2019-07-05 中船澄西船舶修造有限公司 一种内孔抛光装置

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CN112355744A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2021-02-12 南京昱晟机器人科技有限公司 一种不同管径管道内壁打磨抛光机器人及其使用方法
CN112207649A (zh) * 2020-09-18 2021-01-12 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 一种铸件内孔处理工具及处理方法
CN112207649B (zh) * 2020-09-18 2022-06-28 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 一种铸件内孔处理工具及处理方法

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