CN110389380B

CN110389380B - Method and device for automatically picking up in-phase axis of seismic section and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN110389380B
Application number: CN201810368569.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邢文军; 杨国涛; 张建坤; 高文中; 张明; 樊蓉; 石文武; 徐风; 吴远坤; 乔石石; 徐文会
Original assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Current assignee: Petrochina Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-04-23
Filing date: 2018-04-23
Publication date: 2021-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-23
Also published as: CN110389380A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for automatically picking up a same phase axis of a seismic section and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration. The method comprises the following steps: determining a vector data sequence corresponding to the N seismic wavelets one by one according to the waveforms of the N seismic wavelets, wherein the N seismic wavelets are seismic wavelets in a plurality of seismic channels of a seismic section, and each seismic channel corresponds to at least one seismic wavelet; determining multiple groups of seismic wavelets matched with each other from the N seismic wavelets based on the determined N vector data sequences, wherein each group comprises M seismic wavelets which correspond to different seismic channels; and connecting the M seismic wavelets in each group by taking the group as a unit to obtain a plurality of in-phase axes of the seismic section. The method can quickly and automatically pick the event of the seismic section according to the vector data sequence corresponding to the seismic wavelets, saves time and lays a foundation for the construction and explanation of the subsequent seismic section.

Description

Method and device for automatically picking up in-phase axis of seismic section and storage medium

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to a method and a device for automatically picking up a same phase axis of a seismic section and a storage medium.

Background

During seismic exploration, a seismic section needs to be subjected to structural interpretation, and the position judgment of seismic horizons on the seismic section is the basis for the structural interpretation of the seismic section. Because the structural interpretation of the seismic section strictly follows the homodyne axis reflection structure, the homodyne axis of the seismic section can be picked to obtain the position of the effective seismic horizon in the seismic section, and the structural interpretation of the seismic section is further realized through the position of the effective seismic horizon. The event axis refers to a connection line of extreme values (i.e., peaks or troughs) of the same vibration phase of all seismic traces in the seismic section.

In the related art, a pickup algorithm based on tilt information is generally used to perform automatic pickup of the in-phase axis. Specifically, the dip field of the whole data space may be estimated according to the spatial local similarity of the seismic data used to describe the seismic section, a reference seismic trace and a seed point are selected from the seismic section, the seed point is the starting position of the homodyne axis pickup in the reference seismic trace, then, according to the selected reference seismic trace and the seed point, the adjacent seismic traces are sequentially tracked along the dip direction in the estimated dip field, so as to determine the points with the same or similar dip from the adjacent seismic traces, and then, the determined points are connected to obtain the homodyne axis of the seismic section.

However, the tilt angle field is currently estimated by using a plane wave decomposition or prediction method, a structure tensor method, or an instantaneous wave number direction method, which are not highly accurate and are susceptible to noise, thereby reducing the accuracy of determining the in-phase axis.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the related art, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for automatically picking up a same-phase axis of a seismic profile, and a storage medium. The technical scheme is as follows:

in a first aspect, a method for automatically picking up an in-phase axis of a seismic profile is provided, the method comprising:

determining a vector data sequence corresponding to N seismic wavelets one by one according to waveforms of the N seismic wavelets, wherein the N seismic wavelets are seismic wavelets in a plurality of seismic channels of a seismic section, each seismic channel corresponds to at least one seismic wavelet, and N is a positive integer greater than 1;

determining multiple groups of seismic wavelets matched with each other from the N seismic wavelets based on the determined N vector data sequences, wherein each group comprises M seismic wavelets corresponding to different seismic channels, and M is a positive integer greater than 1 and smaller than N;

and connecting the M seismic wavelets in each group by taking the group as a unit to obtain a plurality of in-phase axes of the seismic section.

Optionally, the determining, according to the waveforms of the N seismic wavelets, a vector data sequence corresponding to the N seismic wavelets one to one includes:

determining the extreme value position, wave width, amplitude and characteristic slope of each seismic wavelet in the N seismic wavelets according to the waveform of the N seismic wavelets;

and determining a sequence consisting of the extreme value position, the wave width, the amplitude and the characteristic slope of each seismic wavelet as a vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet.

Optionally, the determining, based on the determined N vector data sequences, multiple sets of seismic wavelets matching with each other from the N seismic wavelets includes:

for any seismic trace A in the plurality of seismic traces, selecting a seismic wavelet from the seismic wavelets of the seismic trace A, and executing the following processing on the selected seismic wavelet until all the seismic wavelets in the seismic trace A are processed:

selecting at least one seismic wavelet positioned in a wavelet tracking window with a preset size from adjacent seismic channels of the seismic channel A, wherein a time period corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet is positioned in the wavelet tracking window;

and determining the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet from the at least one seismic wavelet according to the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to the at least one seismic wavelet, and determining the mutually matched seismic wavelets in the same group by using the selected seismic wavelet and the determined seismic wavelet.

Optionally, the determining, from the at least one seismic wavelet, a seismic wavelet that matches the selected seismic wavelet according to the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to the at least one seismic wavelet includes:

calculating the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in the at least one seismic wavelet to obtain at least one first distance;

and when the minimum first distance in the at least one first distance is smaller than a preset threshold value, determining the seismic wavelet corresponding to the minimum first distance in the at least one seismic wavelet to be the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet.

adjusting the position of the wavelet tracking window, and calculating the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in at least one seismic wavelet in the wavelet tracking window after the position is adjusted according to the mode of calculating the at least one first distance to obtain at least one second distance;

and when the smallest first distance in the at least one first distance and the smallest second distance in the at least one second distance are both smaller than a preset threshold value, determining the seismic wavelet corresponding to the smaller of the smallest first distance and the smallest second distance as the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet.

Optionally, the calculating a distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each of the at least one seismic wavelet to obtain at least one first distance includes:

calculating the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in the at least one seismic wavelet according to the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in the at least one seismic wavelet by the following formula to obtain at least one first distance;

wherein, the e [ j]C is the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to any one of the at least one seismic wavelet_p,q,a,v[j₁]A sequence of vector data corresponding to said selected seismic wavelets, c_p,q,a,v[j₂]A sequence of vector data corresponding to any one of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the location of the extremum of said selected seismic wavelet, said

For the location of an extremum of any of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the wave width of said selected seismic wavelets, said

For any of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the selected amplitude of the seismic wavelet, the

Is the amplitude of any one of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the characteristic slope of said selected seismic wavelets, said

For a characteristic slope of any of said at least one seismic wavelet, said w_pWeight of extreme position, said w_qIs the weight of the wave width, w_aIs the weight of the amplitude, said w_vIs the weight of the characteristic slope.

In a second aspect, there is provided an in-phase axis automatic pickup apparatus for seismic profiles, the apparatus comprising:

the first determining module is used for determining a vector data sequence corresponding to N seismic wavelets one by one according to waveforms of the N seismic wavelets, wherein the N seismic wavelets are seismic wavelets in a plurality of seismic channels of a seismic section, each seismic channel corresponds to at least one seismic wavelet, and N is a positive integer greater than 1;

a second determining module, configured to determine, based on the N vector data sequences obtained by determination, multiple sets of seismic wavelets matched with each other from the N seismic wavelets, where each set includes M seismic wavelets, each of the M seismic wavelets corresponds to a different seismic trace, and M is a positive integer greater than 1 and smaller than N;

and the connecting module is used for connecting the M seismic wavelets in each group by taking the group as a unit so as to obtain a plurality of in-phase axes of the seismic section.

Optionally, the first determining module includes:

the first determining submodule is used for determining the extreme value position, wave width, amplitude and characteristic slope of each seismic wavelet in the N seismic wavelets according to the waveform of the N seismic wavelets;

and the second determining submodule is used for determining a sequence formed by the extreme value position, the wave width, the amplitude and the characteristic slope of each seismic wavelet as a vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet.

Optionally, the second determining module includes:

the selection submodule is used for selecting at least one seismic wavelet in a wavelet tracking window with a preset size from adjacent seismic channels of the seismic channel A, and a time period corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet is located in the wavelet tracking window;

and the third determining sub-module is used for determining the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet from the at least one seismic wavelet according to the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to the at least one seismic wavelet, and determining the mutually matched seismic wavelets in the same group by using the selected seismic wavelet and the determined seismic wavelet.

Optionally, the third determining sub-module includes:

a first computing unit, configured to compute a distance between a vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and a vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in the at least one seismic wavelet, to obtain at least one first distance;

and the first determining unit is used for determining the seismic wavelet corresponding to the minimum first distance in the at least one seismic wavelet to be the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet when the minimum first distance in the at least one first distance is smaller than a preset threshold value.

Optionally, the third determining sub-module includes:

a second computing unit, configured to compute a distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and a vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in the at least one seismic wavelet, to obtain at least one first distance;

a third calculating unit, configured to adjust a position of the wavelet tracking window, and calculate a distance between a vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and a vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in at least one seismic wavelet in the wavelet tracking window after the position is adjusted in a manner of calculating the at least one first distance, so as to obtain at least one second distance;

and the second determining unit is used for determining the seismic wavelet corresponding to the smaller of the minimum first distance and the minimum second distance as the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet when the minimum first distance in the at least one first distance and the minimum second distance in the at least one second distance are both smaller than a preset threshold value.

Optionally, the first computing unit or the second computing unit is configured to:

wherein, the e [ j]A vector data sequence corresponding to said selected seismic wavelet and a vector data sequence corresponding to any one of said at least one seismic waveletA distance between c and c_p,q,a,v[j₁]A sequence of vector data corresponding to said selected seismic wavelets, c_p,q,a,v[j₂]A sequence of vector data corresponding to any one of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the location of the extremum of said selected seismic wavelet, said

For the wave width of said selected seismic wavelets, said

For any of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the selected amplitude of the seismic wavelet, the

Is the amplitude of any one of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the characteristic slope of said selected seismic wavelets, said

For a characteristic slope of any of said at least one seismic wavelet, said w_pWeight of extreme position, said w_qIs the weight of the wave width, w_aIs the weight of the amplitude, said w_vWeights being characteristic slopes。

In a third aspect, there is provided an in-phase axis automatic pickup apparatus for seismic profiles, the apparatus comprising:

a processor;

a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;

wherein the processor is configured to perform the steps of any of the methods of the first aspect described above.

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, having instructions stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implement the steps of any of the methods of the first aspect described above.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the waveform of the N seismic wavelets, determining vector data sequences corresponding to the N seismic wavelets one by one, determining multiple groups of seismic wavelets matched with each other from the N seismic wavelets based on the N vector data sequences obtained by determination, and connecting M seismic wavelets in each group by taking the group as a unit to obtain multiple in-phase axes of the seismic section. Therefore, the event of the seismic section is rapidly and automatically picked according to the vector data sequence corresponding to the seismic wavelet, the time is saved, and a foundation is laid for the construction and explanation of the subsequent seismic section.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for automatically picking up the in-phase axis of a seismic profile according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another method for automatically picking up the event of a seismic section according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a seismic section of an exemplary auto-picking event provided by embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-phase axis automatic pickup apparatus for seismic profiles according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic in-phase axis pickup device for another seismic section according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an automatic method for picking up an in-phase axis of a seismic profile according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:

step 101: determining a vector data sequence corresponding to N seismic wavelets one by one according to the waveforms of the N seismic wavelets, wherein the N seismic wavelets are seismic wavelets in a plurality of seismic channels of a seismic section, each seismic channel corresponds to at least one seismic wavelet, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.

Step 102: and determining multiple groups of seismic wavelets matched with each other from the N seismic wavelets based on the determined N vector data sequences, wherein each group comprises M seismic wavelets corresponding to different seismic channels, and M is a positive integer greater than 1 and smaller than N.

Step 103: the M seismic wavelets in each group are connected in groups to obtain a plurality of in-phase axes for the seismic section.

In summary, in the embodiments of the present invention, a vector data sequence corresponding to N seismic wavelets is determined according to waveforms of the N seismic wavelets, a plurality of groups of seismic wavelets matching with each other are determined from the N seismic wavelets based on the N vector data sequences obtained by the determination, and M seismic wavelets in each group are connected by using the group as a unit to obtain a plurality of event axes of the seismic section. Therefore, the event of the seismic section is rapidly and automatically picked according to the vector data sequence corresponding to the seismic wavelet, the time is saved, and a foundation is laid for the construction and explanation of the subsequent seismic section.

Optionally, determining a vector data sequence corresponding to the N seismic wavelets one-to-one according to the waveforms of the N seismic wavelets includes:

Optionally, determining a plurality of sets of seismic wavelets matching with each other from the N seismic wavelets based on the determined N vector data sequences, including:

Optionally, determining a seismic wavelet from the at least one seismic wavelet that matches the selected seismic wavelet based on the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to the at least one seismic wavelet, comprising:

and when the smallest first distance in the at least one first distance is smaller than a preset threshold value, determining the seismic wavelet corresponding to the smallest first distance in the at least one seismic wavelet as the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet.

Optionally, calculating a distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each of the at least one seismic wavelet to obtain at least one first distance, comprising:

wherein e [ j ]]For the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to any one of the at least one seismic wavelet, c_p,q,a,v[j₁]A sequence of vector data corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet, c_p,q,a,v[j₂]A sequence of vector data corresponding to any one of the at least one seismic wavelet,

for the location of the extremum of the selected seismic wavelet,

for the location of the extremum of any of the at least one seismic wavelet, q_j1For the wave width of the selected seismic wavelet,

for the bandwidth of any of the at least one seismic wavelet,

for the amplitude of the selected seismic wavelet,

for the amplitude of any of the at least one seismic wavelet,

for the characteristic slope of the selected seismic wavelet,

is a characteristic slope, w, of any one of the at least one seismic wavelet_pAs a weight of the extreme position, w_qWeight of wave width, w_aIs a weight of the amplitude, w_vIs the weight of the characteristic slope.

All the above optional technical solutions can be combined arbitrarily to form an optional embodiment of the present invention, which is not described in detail herein.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of another method for automatically picking up the in-phase axis of a seismic section according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1. Referring to fig. 2, the method comprises the steps of:

when the method provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for automatically picking up the in-phase axis of the seismic profile, the vector data sequence corresponding to N seismic wavelets in a one-to-one manner can be determined according to the waveforms of the N seismic wavelets, wherein the N seismic wavelets refer to the seismic wavelets in a plurality of seismic channels of the seismic profile, each seismic channel corresponds to at least one seismic wavelet, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.

It should be noted that the seismic section is a two-dimensional seismic section of the area to be studied, which includes a plurality of seismic traces. A seismic trace refers to a seismic recording of a single geophone, each trace including at least one seismic wavelet. A seismic wavelet is a piece of signal with a defined start time, limited energy and a certain duration, which is the basic unit in a seismic recording.

In addition, before determining the vector data sequence corresponding to the N seismic wavelets one by one according to the waveforms of the N seismic wavelets, the seismic wavelets need to be extracted from the seismic section, and in practical application, the extraction of the seismic wavelets can be carried out by a method for extracting wavelets by using a well side channel.

Specifically, the convolution model is a model for creating synthetic seismic records, which assumes that each seismic record is formed by the convolution of seismic wavelets and reflection coefficients of layers of the subsurface model, plus random noise. In practical cases, the seismic record is a complex wave composed of a plurality of seismic wavelets, i.e., the convolution of the seismic wavelets and the subsurface reflection coefficient, with random noise added if necessary. Then, according to the convolution model, the seismic record of the seismic section can be represented by the following formula (1):

s(t)＝r(t)*w(t)+n(t) (1)

wherein s (t) is the seismic record of the seismic section, r (t) is the reflection coefficient sequence, w (t) is the seismic wavelet, and n (t) is the random noise.

According to the convolution model, the Fourier transform of each seismic channel is firstly calculated to obtain the energy spectrum corresponding to each seismic channel as the following formula (2), then the average value of the energy spectra corresponding to all seismic channels is calculated to obtain the average energy spectrum, and finally the inverse Fourier transform of the average energy spectrum is calculated.

The energy spectrum is: s²(f)＝R²(f)*W²(f)+N²(f) (2)

Since the reflection coefficient sequence occurs randomly in space, the autocorrelation function (i.e., fourier transform) of the reflection coefficient sequence is a sharp pulse at the zero point, and the longer the reflection coefficient sequence, the closer to constant the reflection coefficient sequence. N is a radical of²(f) In areas with high signal-to-noise ratio, the effect of random noise is small and therefore negligible. The autocorrelation of a seismic record under these conditions is equivalent to the autocorrelation of a seismic wavelet, i.e., S²(f) Substantially represents W²(f) And then performing inverse fourier transform so that seismic wavelets can be obtained from the fourier transform of the seismic record.

Of course, in practical applications, the seismic wavelet may be extracted by other methods, for example, by directly giving a wavelet, or by extracting a wavelet by a deterministic method, or by extracting a time-varying wavelet. The extraction of the seismic wavelets by the above four methods is a well-known method for those skilled in the art, and the embodiments of the present invention are not described in detail.

In addition, determining the vector data sequence corresponding to the N seismic wavelets one by one according to the waveforms of the N seismic wavelets can be realized through the following steps 201 to 202.

Step 201: and determining the extreme value position, wave width, amplitude and characteristic slope of each seismic wavelet in the N seismic wavelets according to the waveform of the N seismic wavelets.

After the N seismic wavelets are extracted, the waveforms of the N seismic wavelets can be obtained, and four attribute characteristics of the extreme value position, the wave width, the amplitude and the characteristic slope of each seismic wavelet can be determined according to the waveform of each seismic wavelet in the N seismic wavelets.

It should be noted that, due to the thin layer tuning effect, the absorption attenuation, and the influence of noise, the seismic wavelet in the actual seismic profile is greatly changed, which brings great interference to the automatic pickup of the event, and increases the difficulty of automatic pickup. In order to reduce the influence of the seismic wavelet noise on automatic picking, the embodiment of the invention extracts the characteristics of the seismic wavelet, and because the seismic wavelet is a small segment of fluctuation sequence in mathematics, the corresponding seismic wavelet can be represented by the attribute characteristics such as the position, wave width, amplitude, characteristic slope and the like of the extreme value of each seismic wavelet.

Step 202: and determining a sequence consisting of the extreme value position, the wave width, the amplitude and the characteristic slope of each seismic wavelet as a vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the seismic wavelet is represented by four attribute features, namely, an extremum position, a wave width, an amplitude value, and a characteristic slope, which can be expressed as the following formula (3):

c_p,q,a,v(t)＝p(t)i+q(t)j+a(t)k+v(t)l (3)

wherein, c_p,q,a,v(t) is a vector data sequence corresponding to any seismic wavelet, p (t) is an extreme value position of any seismic wavelet, q (t) is a wave width of any seismic wavelet, a (t) is an amplitude value of any seismic wavelet, v (t) is a characteristic slope of any seismic wavelet, and i, j, k and l are unit vectors.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the four attribute features of the seismic wavelet are extracted, and the vector data sequence formed by the four attribute features is used to represent the seismic wavelet, so that the seismic profile is converted into the vector data sequence of the seismic wavelet, and thus, the one-dimensional seismic record is converted into the four-dimensional vector data sequence. Although the one-dimensional data is expanded into four dimensions, each converted seismic wavelet can be represented by four attribute characteristics of a vector data sequence, and the seismic wavelets are not required to be recorded by a plurality of sampling points of a time domain, so that the scale of the converted data is greatly compressed, and the subsequent processing efficiency can be obviously improved. Meanwhile, by extracting the attribute characteristics of the seismic wavelets, the influence of noise in the seismic profile can be reduced, and the method has an important effect on automatic picking of the in-phase axis of the seismic profile.

Step 203: and determining multiple groups of seismic wavelets matched with each other from the N seismic wavelets based on the determined N vector data sequences, wherein each group comprises M seismic wavelets corresponding to different seismic channels, and M is a positive integer greater than 1 and smaller than N.

Optionally, for any seismic trace a in the plurality of seismic traces, selecting one seismic wavelet from the seismic wavelets of the seismic trace a, and performing the following processing on the selected seismic wavelet until all the seismic wavelets in the seismic trace a are processed:

It should be noted that, for any seismic trace a in the plurality of seismic traces, one seismic wavelet is selected from the seismic wavelets of the seismic trace a, and the following processing is performed on the selected seismic wavelet until all the seismic wavelets in the seismic trace a are processed. That is, after all of the wavelets in one trace have been processed, each trace is processed one by one for the next trace in the plurality of traces, and so on, until all of the seismic wavelets for all of the traces in the plurality of traces have been processed. The processing of the seismic traces one by one may be from left to right, from right to left, or may start from the middle, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.

It should be noted that, when determining the seismic wavelet matching with the selected seismic wavelet from the adjacent seismic trace of the seismic trace a, if all the seismic wavelets in the adjacent seismic trace of the seismic trace a are compared with the selected seismic wavelet to determine whether the seismic wavelets match, a long time of processing is required, which is time-consuming and labor-consuming. In order to solve the problem, in the embodiment of the invention, the wavelet tracking window with the preset size is arranged on the adjacent seismic channel of the seismic channel A, and the seismic wavelets in the wavelet tracking window and the selected seismic wavelets are only required to be processed, so that the time is saved, and the resources are also saved.

In addition, at least one seismic wavelet located in a wavelet tracking window with a preset size is selected from the adjacent seismic traces of the seismic trace A, namely, a wavelet tracking window is arranged in the adjacent seismic traces of the seismic trace A, the wavelet tracking window comprises at least one seismic wavelet, and the position of the selected wavelet tracking window corresponds to the position of the seismic wavelet selected in the seismic trace A in consideration of the fact that the matched seismic wavelets in the two adjacent seismic traces are generally close to each other in the depth direction.

Furthermore, the size (i.e. width) of the wavelet tracking window is preset, and the range of automatic matching of the seismic wavelets of each seismic trace is controlled by setting the width of the wavelet tracking window. In order to ensure that at least one seismic wavelet is included in the wavelet tracking window, the width of the wavelet tracking window may be set to be the maximum distance between adjacent seismic wavelets in the same seismic trace, and the value of the width of the wavelet tracking window is generally in the range of 0 to 100. Of course, in practical applications, the setting may also be performed according to specific requirements, and thus, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited.

The method comprises the following two possible implementation modes, wherein according to the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to the at least one seismic wavelet, the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet is determined from the at least one seismic wavelet.

A first possible implementation: calculating the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in the at least one seismic wavelet to obtain at least one first distance; and when the smallest first distance in the at least one first distance is smaller than a preset threshold value, determining the seismic wavelet corresponding to the smallest first distance in the at least one seismic wavelet as the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet.

It should be noted that, for each selected seismic wavelet, a seismic wavelet closest to the waveform characteristic of the selected seismic wavelet exists on the adjacent seismic trace of the seismic trace a, and at this time, the distance between the two seismic wavelets is smaller than a preset threshold, it can be understood that the two seismic wavelets are on the same event, and then it can be determined that the two seismic wavelet wavelets are matched with each other.

In addition, the preset threshold value can be preset, and when the signal-to-noise ratio is low and the change of the four characteristic values of the seismic wavelet is not obvious, the preset threshold value can be properly reduced. Of course, the present invention may be modified according to specific situations, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

And, the minimum first distance is the smallest first distance of the selected seismic wavelet and the first distances of each of the at least one seismic wavelet, and each first distance is obtained by calculating the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to one of the at least one seismic wavelet, so that each first distance corresponds to one of the at least one seismic wavelet.

Further, since the wavelet tracking window has a predetermined size, in practical situations, there may be instances where there is an incomplete seismic wavelet within the wavelet tracking window, in which case there may be errors in determining the seismic wavelet that matches the selected seismic wavelet, resulting in an inaccurate determination of the seismic wavelet that matches the selected seismic wavelet. Therefore, after the position of the wavelet tracking window is adjusted, the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each of the at least one seismic wavelet in the wavelet tracking window after the position is adjusted is calculated once again in a manner of calculating the at least one first distance, and the results of the two calculations are combined to determine the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet, so that the finally determined seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet is more accurate.

A second possible implementation: calculating the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in the at least one seismic wavelet to obtain at least one first distance; adjusting the position of the wavelet tracking window, and calculating the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in at least one seismic wavelet in the wavelet tracking window after the position is adjusted according to the mode of calculating the at least one first distance to obtain at least one second distance; and when the smallest first distance in the at least one first distance and the smallest second distance in the at least one second distance are both smaller than a preset threshold value, determining the seismic wavelet corresponding to the smaller of the smallest first distance and the smallest second distance as the seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet.

It should be noted that, when the position of the wavelet tracking window is adjusted, the wavelet tracking window may be adjusted according to the preset movement amount, so as to avoid missing incomplete seismic wavelets in the wavelet tracking window when the first distance is calculated, which is equivalent to performing a test on a first possible implementation manner, and testing whether the determined seismic wavelet matched with the selected seismic wavelet is the seismic wavelet closest to the selected seismic wavelet, thereby ensuring accuracy.

In the first possible implementation manner and the second possible implementation manner, when the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in the at least one seismic wavelet is calculated to obtain at least one first distance, the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in the at least one seismic wavelet may be calculated by the following formula to obtain at least one first distance according to the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each seismic wavelet in the at least one seismic wavelet;

for the location of the extremum of the selected seismic wavelet,

for the location of the extremum of any of the at least one seismic wavelet,

for the wave width of the selected seismic wavelet,

for the bandwidth of any of the at least one seismic wavelet,

for the amplitude of the selected seismic wavelet,

for the amplitude of any of the at least one seismic wavelet,

for the characteristic slope of the selected seismic wavelet,

is a characteristic slope, w, of any one of the at least one seismic wavelet_pIs the weight of the extreme position, w_qWeight of wave width, w_aIs a weight of the amplitude, w_vIs the weight of the characteristic slope.

The weights of the four attribute features are preset, and the larger the weight of one attribute feature is, the greater the influence of the attribute feature in the process of in-phase axis picking is. In practice, the weights, w, of the four features may be set according to the seismic data quality of the area under study_pThe value range is generally from 0 to 1, w_qGenerally, the value of (A) is in the range of 0 to 10, w_aGenerally, the value of (a) is in the range of 0 to 100, and w is a general characteristic of a seismic section_vGenerally equal to 1. Of course, the weight may be set according to actual situations, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Step 204: the M seismic wavelets in each group are connected in groups to obtain a plurality of in-phase axes for the seismic section.

It should be noted that, when M seismic wavelets in each group are connected, the extremum of each seismic wavelet of the M seismic wavelets in each group may be connected to obtain a plurality of in-phase axes of the seismic section. The extreme value of each seismic wavelet can be a peak or a trough. Of course, points on each seismic wavelet with the same reflection time may be selected for connection, thereby obtaining a plurality of in-phase axes of the seismic profile. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

In addition, in the embodiment of the invention, the automatic picking of the event of the seismic section is performed on the two-dimensional seismic section, and in practical application, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention can also be popularized to the automatic picking of the event of the three-dimensional seismic section, and for the three-dimensional seismic section, the three-dimensional seismic section can be divided into a plurality of two-dimensional seismic sections for processing, and the event of each two-dimensional seismic section is automatically picked according to the same method, so that the event of the three-dimensional seismic section is obtained.

Furthermore, compared with the conventional method for manually picking the event, the method for automatically picking the event can realize automatic event picking by setting a small number of parameters through matching the seismic wavelets by the vector data sequence corresponding to the seismic wavelets, comprehensively considers four attribute characteristics of wave crest positions, wave width, amplitude, characteristic slope and the like of the seismic wavelets, automatically picks the event by different vector data sequences of the seismic wavelets, overcomes the defect that the prior art singly depends on the seismic amplitude characteristics to pick the event, does not need manual intervention, improves the speed of automatically picking the event, and saves time.

Meanwhile, after the in-phase axis of the whole seismic section is automatically picked up, the in-phase axis information of the seismic section can be used in the subsequent seismic exploration processing interpretation work. For example, the collected information of the space coordinates of the same phase axis can be directly converted into the occurrence information in a curved surface fitting mode; for example, the coordinate information of the fault space is imported, and the coordinate information and the same-phase axis information form a complete horizon interpretation profile and the like; of course, the information of the event axis required after calibration may also be selected according to the geological stratification of the drilling well, and then a certain degree of manual modification is performed to obtain the tectonic chart and the like of the area to be researched, and of course, the information of the event axis of the seismic section may also be used for other processing, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.

In summary, in the embodiments of the present invention, according to waveforms of N seismic wavelets, four attribute features of the seismic wavelets are extracted, so as to determine vector data sequences corresponding to the N seismic wavelets one to one, based on the N vector data sequences obtained by the determination, a plurality of groups of seismic wavelets matched with each other are determined from the N seismic wavelets, and M seismic wavelets in each group are connected by using the group as a unit, so as to obtain a plurality of event axes of a seismic section. According to the attribute characteristics of the seismic wavelets, the seismic section is represented by a vector data sequence corresponding to the seismic wavelets, the requirement on the signal-to-noise ratio/resolution ratio of seismic data is reduced, and the influence of wavelets and random noise is weakened, so that in the automatic pickup process of the seismic section, the automatic pickup precision is improved, the time is saved, the operation is convenient and the adaptability is high, the matched seismic wavelets are determined by calculating the minimum distance between the seismic wavelets of two adjacent seismic channels, the automatic pickup of the event of the seismic section is carried out, the automatic pickup efficiency of the event is improved, a foundation is laid for the structural explanation of the subsequent seismic section, and a certain promotion effect is realized on the intelligent development of oil-gas and mineral resource exploration.

For ease of understanding, the method for automatically picking up the in-phase axis of the seismic section in the embodiment of the present invention is explained by the following example.

For example, when a two-dimensional seismic profile of a certain survey line of a region to be studied is acquired, the weights of four attribute features, namely, the position of an extremum, the wave width, the amplitude and the characteristic slope, can be set to be 0.1, 1, 20 and 1 respectively according to the quality of seismic data of the region. Extracting attribute characteristics of the seismic wavelets from the two-dimensional seismic profile to obtain a plurality of vector data sequences of the seismic profile, and setting the width value of the wavelet tracking window to be 10 according to the characteristics of the seismic profile.

The method provided by the embodiment of the invention automatically picks up the same phase axis of the whole two-dimensional seismic section, according to the set weight of four attribute characteristics and the parameters of the wavelet tracking window, any seismic wavelet in a selected seismic channel can be matched with at least one seismic wavelet in the wavelet tracking window of an adjacent seismic channel according to the vector data sequence corresponding to the seismic wavelets, the seismic wavelets with the same or similar vector data sequence are automatically matched to obtain a plurality of groups of matched seismic wavelets, and the wave crests of each group of seismic wavelets are connected to obtain a plurality of same phase axes, as shown in figure 3, thereby forming the same phase axis of the seismic section.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-phase axis automatic pickup apparatus for seismic profile according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, the apparatus includes: a first determining module 401, a second determining module 402 and a connecting module 403.

A first determining module 401, configured to determine, according to waveforms of N seismic wavelets, a vector data sequence corresponding to the N seismic wavelets one to one, where the N seismic wavelets are seismic wavelets in a plurality of seismic channels of a seismic profile, each seismic channel corresponds to at least one seismic wavelet, and N is a positive integer greater than 1;

a second determining module 402, configured to determine, based on the N vector data sequences obtained by determination, multiple sets of seismic wavelets matched with each other from the N seismic wavelets, where each set includes M seismic wavelets, each of the M seismic wavelets corresponds to a different seismic trace, and M is a positive integer greater than 1 and smaller than N;

and a connecting module 403, configured to connect the M seismic wavelets in each group by group unit to obtain a plurality of in-phase axes of the seismic section.

Optionally, the first determining module 401 includes:

Optionally, the second determining module 402 includes:

Optionally, the third determining sub-module includes:

a second computing unit for computing a distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each of the at least one seismic wavelet to obtain at least one first distance;

and a second determining unit configured to determine, when both a smallest first distance of the at least one first distance and a smallest second distance of the at least one second distance are smaller than a preset threshold, a seismic wavelet corresponding to a smaller one of the smallest first distance and the smallest second distance as a seismic wavelet matching the selected seismic wavelet.

for the location of the extremum of the selected seismic wavelet,

for the bandwidth of any of the at least one seismic wavelet,

for the amplitude of the selected seismic wavelet,

for the amplitude of any of the at least one seismic wavelet,

for the characteristic slope of the selected seismic wavelet,

is a characteristic slope, w, of any one of the at least one seismic wavelet_pAs a weight of the extreme position, w_qIs a predetermined weight of the wave width, w_aIs a predetermined weight of the amplitude, w_vIs the weight of the characteristic slope.

It should be noted that: in the event that the in-phase axis of the seismic section is automatically picked up, the above-mentioned division of the functional modules is merely used as an example, and in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device may be divided into different functional modules, so as to complete all or part of the above-mentioned functions. In addition, the embodiments of the device for automatically picking up the in-phase axis of the seismic section and the method for automatically picking up the in-phase axis of the seismic section provided by the embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is described in the method embodiments, and is not described herein again.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic in-phase axis pickup device for another seismic section according to an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal 500 may be: a smart phone, a tablet computer, an MP3 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III, motion video Experts compression standard Audio Layer 3), an MP5 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV, motion video Experts compression standard Audio Layer 5), a notebook computer, or a desktop computer. Terminal 500 may also be referred to by other names such as user equipment, portable terminal, laptop terminal, desktop terminal, and the like.

In general, the terminal 500 includes: a processor 501 and a memory 502.

The processor 501 may include one or more processing cores, such as a 5-core processor, an 8-core processor, and so on. The processor 501 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of a DSP (Digital Signal Processing), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and a PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 501 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor, where the main processor is a processor for Processing data in an awake state, and is also called a Central Processing Unit (CPU); a coprocessor is a low power processor for processing data in a standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 501 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content required to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, processor 501 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor for processing computational operations related to machine learning.

Memory 502 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. Memory 502 may also include high-speed random access memory, as well as non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory storage devices. In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer readable storage medium in memory 502 is used to store at least one instruction for execution by processor 501 to implement the method for automatic in-phase axis picking of seismic sections provided by the method embodiments of the present invention.

In some embodiments, the terminal 500 may further optionally include: a peripheral interface 503 and at least one peripheral. The processor 501, memory 502 and peripheral interface 503 may be connected by a bus or signal lines. Each peripheral may be connected to the peripheral interface 503 by a bus, signal line, or circuit board. Specifically, the peripheral device includes: at least one of radio frequency circuitry 504, touch screen display 505, camera 506, audio circuitry 507, positioning components 508, and power supply 509.

The peripheral interface 503 may be used to connect at least one peripheral related to I/O (Input/Output) to the processor 501 and the memory 502. In some embodiments, the processor 501, memory 502, and peripheral interface 503 are integrated on the same chip or circuit board; in some other embodiments, any one or two of the processor 501, the memory 502, and the peripheral interface 503 may be implemented on a separate chip or circuit board, which is not limited in this embodiment.

The Radio Frequency circuit 504 is used for receiving and transmitting RF (Radio Frequency) signals, also called electromagnetic signals. The radio frequency circuitry 504 communicates with communication networks and other communication devices via electromagnetic signals. The rf circuit 504 converts an electrical signal into an electromagnetic signal to transmit, or converts a received electromagnetic signal into an electrical signal. Optionally, the radio frequency circuit 504 includes: an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, an oscillator, a digital signal processor, a codec chipset, a subscriber identity module card, and so forth. The radio frequency circuitry 504 may communicate with other terminals via at least one wireless communication protocol. The wireless communication protocols include, but are not limited to: the world wide web, metropolitan area networks, intranets, generations of mobile communication networks (2G, 3G, 5G, and 5G), Wireless local area networks, and/or WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) networks. In some embodiments, the rf circuit 504 may further include NFC (Near Field Communication) related circuits, which are not limited in the present disclosure.

The display screen 505 is used to display a UI (User Interface). The UI may include graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof. When the display screen 505 is a touch display screen, the display screen 505 also has the ability to capture touch signals on or over the surface of the display screen 505. The touch signal may be input to the processor 501 as a control signal for processing. At this point, the display screen 505 may also be used to provide virtual buttons and/or a virtual keyboard, also referred to as soft buttons and/or a soft keyboard. In some embodiments, the display screen 505 may be one, providing the front panel of the terminal 500; in other embodiments, the display screens 505 may be at least two, respectively disposed on different surfaces of the terminal 500 or in a folded design; in still other embodiments, the display 505 may be a flexible display disposed on a curved surface or on a folded surface of the terminal 500. Even more, the display screen 505 can be arranged in a non-rectangular irregular figure, i.e. a shaped screen. The Display screen 505 may be made of LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), and other materials.

The camera assembly 506 is used to capture images or video. Optionally, camera assembly 506 includes a front camera and a rear camera. Generally, a front camera is disposed at a front panel of the terminal, and a rear camera is disposed at a rear surface of the terminal. In some embodiments, the number of the rear cameras is at least two, and each rear camera is any one of a main camera, a depth-of-field camera, a wide-angle camera and a telephoto camera, so that the main camera and the depth-of-field camera are fused to realize a background blurring function, and the main camera and the wide-angle camera are fused to realize panoramic shooting and VR (Virtual Reality) shooting functions or other fusion shooting functions. In some embodiments, camera assembly 506 may also include a flash. The flash lamp can be a monochrome temperature flash lamp or a bicolor temperature flash lamp. The double-color-temperature flash lamp is a combination of a warm-light flash lamp and a cold-light flash lamp, and can be used for light compensation at different color temperatures.

Audio circuitry 507 may include a microphone and a speaker. The microphone is used for collecting sound waves of a user and the environment, converting the sound waves into electric signals, and inputting the electric signals to the processor 501 for processing, or inputting the electric signals to the radio frequency circuit 504 to realize voice communication. For the purpose of stereo sound collection or noise reduction, a plurality of microphones may be provided at different portions of the terminal 500. The microphone may also be an array microphone or an omni-directional pick-up microphone. The speaker is used to convert electrical signals from the processor 501 or the radio frequency circuit 504 into sound waves. The loudspeaker can be a traditional film loudspeaker or a piezoelectric ceramic loudspeaker. When the speaker is a piezoelectric ceramic speaker, the speaker can be used for purposes such as converting an electric signal into a sound wave audible to a human being, or converting an electric signal into a sound wave inaudible to a human being to measure a distance. In some embodiments, audio circuitry 507 may also include a headphone jack.

The positioning component 508 is used for positioning the current geographic Location of the terminal 500 for navigation or LBS (Location Based Service). The Positioning component 508 may be a Positioning component based on the Global Positioning System (GPS) in the united states, the beidou System in china, or the galileo System in russia.

Power supply 509 is used to power the various components in terminal 500. The power source 509 may be alternating current, direct current, disposable or rechargeable. When power supply 509 includes a rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery may be a wired rechargeable battery or a wireless rechargeable battery. The wired rechargeable battery is a battery charged through a wired line, and the wireless rechargeable battery is a battery charged through a wireless coil. The rechargeable battery may also be used to support fast charge technology.

In some embodiments, terminal 500 also includes one or more sensors 510. The one or more sensors 510 include, but are not limited to: acceleration sensor 511, gyro sensor 512, pressure sensor 513, fingerprint sensor 514, optical sensor 515, and proximity sensor 516.

The acceleration sensor 511 may detect the magnitude of acceleration on three coordinate axes of the coordinate system established with the terminal 500. For example, the acceleration sensor 511 may be used to detect components of the gravitational acceleration in three coordinate axes. The processor 501 may control the touch screen 505 to display the user interface in a landscape view or a portrait view according to the gravitational acceleration signal collected by the acceleration sensor 511. The acceleration sensor 511 may also be used for acquisition of motion data of a game or a user.

The gyro sensor 512 may detect a body direction and a rotation angle of the terminal 500, and the gyro sensor 512 may cooperate with the acceleration sensor 511 to acquire a 3D motion of the user on the terminal 500. The processor 501 may implement the following functions according to the data collected by the gyro sensor 512: motion sensing (such as changing the UI according to a user's tilting operation), image stabilization at the time of photographing, game control, and inertial navigation.

The pressure sensor 513 may be disposed on a side bezel of the terminal 500 and/or an underlying layer of the touch display screen 505. When the pressure sensor 513 is disposed on the side frame of the terminal 500, a user's holding signal of the terminal 500 may be detected, and the processor 501 performs left-right hand recognition or shortcut operation according to the holding signal collected by the pressure sensor 513. When the pressure sensor 513 is disposed at the lower layer of the touch display screen 505, the processor 501 controls the operability control on the UI interface according to the pressure operation of the user on the touch display screen 505. The operability control comprises at least one of a button control, a scroll bar control, an icon control and a menu control.

The fingerprint sensor 514 is used for collecting a fingerprint of the user, and the processor 501 identifies the identity of the user according to the fingerprint collected by the fingerprint sensor 514, or the fingerprint sensor 514 identifies the identity of the user according to the collected fingerprint. Upon recognizing that the user's identity is a trusted identity, the processor 501 authorizes the user to perform relevant sensitive operations including unlocking the screen, viewing encrypted information, downloading software, paying, and changing settings, etc. The fingerprint sensor 514 may be provided on the front, back, or side of the terminal 500. When a physical button or a vendor Logo is provided on the terminal 500, the fingerprint sensor 514 may be integrated with the physical button or the vendor Logo.

The optical sensor 515 is used to collect the ambient light intensity. In one embodiment, the processor 501 may control the display brightness of the touch display screen 505 based on the ambient light intensity collected by the optical sensor 515. Specifically, when the ambient light intensity is high, the display brightness of the touch display screen 505 is increased; when the ambient light intensity is low, the display brightness of the touch display screen 505 is turned down. In another embodiment, processor 501 may also dynamically adjust the shooting parameters of camera head assembly 506 based on the ambient light intensity collected by optical sensor 515.

A proximity sensor 516, also referred to as a distance sensor, is typically disposed on the front panel of the terminal 500. The proximity sensor 516 is used to collect the distance between the user and the front surface of the terminal 500. In one embodiment, when the proximity sensor 516 detects that the distance between the user and the front surface of the terminal 500 gradually decreases, the processor 501 controls the touch display screen 505 to switch from the bright screen state to the dark screen state; when the proximity sensor 516 detects that the distance between the user and the front surface of the terminal 500 becomes gradually larger, the processor 501 controls the touch display screen 505 to switch from the screen-rest state to the screen-on state.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration shown in fig. 5 is not intended to be limiting of terminal 500 and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components may be used.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention not only provide an in-phase axis automatic picking apparatus for seismic profile, but also provide a computer readable storage medium, which stores instructions that when executed by a processor implement the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2.

Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for automatically picking up the in-phase axis of a seismic profile, the method comprising:

determining at least one group of seismic wavelets matched with each other from the N seismic wavelets based on the determined N vector data sequences, wherein each group comprises M seismic wavelets corresponding to different seismic channels, and M is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to N;

connecting the M seismic wavelets in each group by taking the group as a unit to obtain at least one in-phase axis of the seismic section;

determining a vector data sequence corresponding to the N seismic wavelets one by one according to the waveforms of the N seismic wavelets, wherein the determining comprises the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining matched sets of seismic wavelets from the N seismic wavelets based on the determined N sequences of vector data comprises:

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said determining a seismic wavelet from said at least one seismic wavelet that matches said selected seismic wavelet based on a vector data sequence corresponding to said selected seismic wavelet and a vector data sequence corresponding to said at least one seismic wavelet comprises:

4. The method of claim 2, wherein said determining a seismic wavelet from said at least one seismic wavelet that matches said selected seismic wavelet based on a vector data sequence corresponding to said selected seismic wavelet and a vector data sequence corresponding to said at least one seismic wavelet comprises:

5. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein said calculating a distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to each of the at least one seismic wavelet to obtain at least one first distance comprises:

wherein, the e [ j]A vector data sequence corresponding to said selected seismic wavelet and a vector data sequence corresponding to any one of said at least one seismic waveletA distance between j and j₁For said selected seismic wavelet, said j₂For any of said at least one seismic wavelet, said c_p,q,a,v[j₁]A sequence of vector data corresponding to said selected seismic wavelets, c_p,q,a,v[j₂]A sequence of vector data corresponding to any one of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the location of the extremum of said selected seismic wavelet, said

For the wave width of said selected seismic wavelets, said

For any of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the selected amplitude of the seismic wavelet, the

Is the amplitude of any one of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the characteristic slope of said selected seismic wavelets, said

Is that it isA characteristic slope of any one of the at least one seismic wavelet, said w_pWeight of extreme position, said w_qIs the weight of the wave width, w_aIs the weight of the amplitude, said w_vIs the weight of the characteristic slope.

6. An in-phase axis automatic pickup apparatus for seismic profiles, said apparatus comprising:

a second determining module, configured to determine, based on the N vector data sequences obtained by determination, at least one group of seismic wavelets matched with each other from among the N seismic wavelets, where each group includes M seismic wavelets, the M seismic wavelets correspond to different seismic traces, and M is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than or equal to N;

the connecting module is used for connecting the M seismic wavelets in each group by taking the group as a unit so as to obtain at least one in-phase axis of the seismic section;

the first determining module includes:

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second determining module comprises:

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the third determination submodule comprises:

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the third determination submodule comprises:

10. The apparatus of claim 8 or 9, wherein the first computing unit or the second computing unit is to:

wherein, the e [ j]For the distance between the vector data sequence corresponding to the selected seismic wavelet and the vector data sequence corresponding to any one of the at least one seismic wavelet, j₁For said selected seismic wavelet, said j₂For any of said at least one seismic wavelet, said c_p,q,a,v[j₁]A sequence of vector data corresponding to said selected seismic wavelets, c_p,q,a,v[j₂]A sequence of vector data corresponding to any one of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the location of the extremum of said selected seismic wavelet, said

For the wave width of said selected seismic wavelets, said

For any of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the selected amplitude of the seismic wavelet, the

Is the amplitude of any one of said at least one seismic wavelet, said

For the characteristic slope of said selected seismic wavelets, said

11. An in-phase axis automatic pickup apparatus for seismic profiles, said apparatus comprising:

a processor;

a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;

wherein the processor is configured to perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-5.

12. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method of any of claims 1-5.