CN110388423A - Purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission and method for changing speed - Google Patents

Purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission and method for changing speed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110388423A
CN110388423A CN201910780255.7A CN201910780255A CN110388423A CN 110388423 A CN110388423 A CN 110388423A CN 201910780255 A CN201910780255 A CN 201910780255A CN 110388423 A CN110388423 A CN 110388423A
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China
Prior art keywords
gear
pinion
wheel
clutch
shaft
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Granted
Application number
CN201910780255.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110388423B (en
Inventor
王超
田保安
张
吴文山
程林
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Beijing Kaiyun Energy Co ltd
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Hebei Kai Yun Automobile Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910780255.7A priority Critical patent/CN110388423B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/10—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with one or more one-way clutches as an essential feature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/32—Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission and method for changing speed, speed changer includes: motor (1), selector fork assembly (2), first rotating shaft (3), second shaft (4), one gear pinion gear band overdrive clutch assembly (5), pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6), multiplate clutch band second gear pinion gear assembly (7), one gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8), it reverses gear gear wheel (9), second gear gear wheel (10), differential mechanism output pinion (11), differential mechanism exports gear wheel (12) and differential assembly (13).Advantage are as follows: 1) switch between bottom gear, top gear steadily, power interruption is not necessarily in shift process, dynamic property, ride comfort are good；2) forward gear of this speed changer may be implemented to shift gears in the case where any revolving speed and torque in the normal range, transmit and interrupt there is no power when shift due to being loose change gear transmission.

Description

Purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission and method for changing speed
Technical field
The invention belongs to transmission technology fields, and in particular to a kind of purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission and change Fast method.
Background technique
Speed changer belongs to the core component of engine art, mostly Split type speed-changing device, after being typically arranged in vehicle Side is postposition speed changer.
It operates shift handle after low-speed electronic automobile need to stop at this stage to shift gears, that is to say, that need to interrupt first Then power is just able to achieve gear shift operation, influence driving experience.
Summary of the invention
In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission and change Fast method can effectively solve the above problems.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission, comprising: motor (1), selector fork assembly (2), first rotating shaft (3), the second shaft (4), one gear pinion gear band overdrive clutch assembly (5), pinion gear of reversing gear band multi-disc from Clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6), multiplate clutch band second gear pinion gear assembly (7), one gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8), Reverse gear gear wheel (9), second gear gear wheel (10), differential mechanism output pinion (11), differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) and differential Device assembly (13)；
The output end of the motor (1) and the first rotating shaft (3) are linked；The first rotating shaft (3) and second turn described Axis (4) is arranged in parallel；
One gear pinion gear band overdrive clutch assembly (5) includes that gear pinion gear (5A) and a gear pinion gear surmount Clutch (5B)；Wherein, gear pinion gear (5A) and gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) are placed on described The outside of first rotating shaft (3)；The inner sleeve of one gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) rigidly connects with the first rotating shaft (3) It connects, the housing of gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) and gear pinion gear (5A) rigid connection；
Pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that reverses gear includes reverse gear pinion gear (6A) and multiplate clutch Sliding sleeve (6B)；Wherein, the pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and the multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) are placed on the first rotating shaft (3) outside；The multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) is rigidly connected by spline and the first rotating shaft (3), meanwhile, it is described more Slice clutch sliding sleeve (6B) can be moved axially by spline along the first rotating shaft (3)；The multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and the pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) are rigidly connected；
Multiplate clutch band second gear pinion gear assembly (7) includes second gear pinion gear (7A) and multiplate clutch (7B)；Wherein, the second gear pinion gear (7A) and the multiplate clutch (7B) are placed on the outer of the first rotating shaft (3) Face；The inner hole of the multiplate clutch (7B) and the first rotating shaft (3) are rigidly connected；The shell of the multiplate clutch (7B) It is rigidly connected with the second gear pinion gear (7A)；
One gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8) includes that gear gear wheel (8A) and a gear gear wheel surmount Clutch (8B)；One gear gear wheel (8A) and gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) are placed on described second turn The outside of axis (4)；The inner sleeve of one gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) and second shaft (4) are rigidly connected, described The housing of one gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) and gear gear wheel (8A) rigid connection；Also, the gear canine tooth Wheel (8A) is engaged with gear pinion gear (5A)；
The gear wheel that reverses gear (9) is placed on the outside of second shaft (4), and rigidly connects with second shaft (4) It connects；
The second gear gear wheel (10) is placed on the outside of second shaft (4), and rigidly connects with second shaft (4) It connects；Also, the second gear gear wheel (10) is engaged with the second gear pinion gear (7A)；
The differential mechanism output pinion (11) is placed on the outside of second shaft (4), and with second shaft (4) Rigid connection；
The output shaft of differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) installs the differential assembly (13), the differential mechanism output Gear wheel (12) is engaged with the differential mechanism output pinion (11).
It is preferred:
The diameter of one gear pinion gear (5A) is less than the diameter of second gear pinion gear (7A)；
The diameter of one gear gear wheel (8A) is greater than the diameter of second gear gear wheel (10)；
Diameter of the diameter of pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) less than gear pinion gear (5A)；
Reverse gear gear wheel (9) diameter be greater than one gear gear wheel (8A) diameter；
The diameter of second gear gear wheel (10) is less than the diameter for gear wheel (9) of reversing gear；
The diameter of second gear pinion gear (7A) is greater than the diameter for pinion gear (6A) that reverse gear.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for changing speed based on purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission, including following step It is rapid:
Step 1, speed changer is in the method for changing speed of bottom gear state, comprising:
Step 1.1, manually or automatically shift shifting fork assembly (2) is manipulated, the drive in selector fork assembly (2) Under, pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that makes to reverse gear slides axially along first rotating shaft (3), makes multiplate clutch Sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B) are discrete state, meanwhile, make to reverse gear pinion gear (6A) and the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) is nibbled to be non- Conjunction state；
Step 1.2, after pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that reverses gear slides in place along first rotating shaft (3), In Under the positive drive of motor (1), first rotating shaft (3) rotation is driven；At this point, power is transmitted to first rotating shaft (3) by motor (1)；
Step 1.3, one due to a gear pinion gear with overdrive clutch assembly (5) keeps off pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) Inner sleeve and first rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, multiplate clutch sliding sleeve of the pinion gear of reversing gear with multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) (6B) and first rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, multiplate clutch (7B) and first of the multiplate clutch with second gear pinion gear assembly (7) Shaft (3) rigid connection, therefore, the power of first rotating shaft (3) is transmitted to simultaneously: one keeps off pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B), more Slice clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B)；
Step 1.4, when first rotating shaft (3) rotates in the forward direction, gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) is lockup state, because This, gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) drives gear pinion gear (5A) synchronous rotary, a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch The power of (5B) is transmitted to a gear pinion gear (5A)；
And for pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that reverses gear, the power of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) transmits To with the rigidly connected pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B)；But due to pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and the canine tooth that reverses gear Wheel (9) is in disengaged condition, so power is transmitted to pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and terminates afterwards, can not be transmitted to and the second shaft (4) The rigidly connected gear wheel that reverses gear (9)；
For multiplate clutch (7B), since multiplate clutch (7B) and multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) is discrete state, Therefore, multiplate clutch (7B) is discrete state, and power is terminated when being transmitted to multiplate clutch (7B), can not be transferred power to Second gear pinion gear (7A), therefore, second gear pinion gear (7A) can not necessarily transfer power to rigidly connected with the second shaft (4) Second gear gear wheel (10)；
Step 1.5, therefore, power is only capable of transmitting backward from gear pinion gear (5A)；Due to gear pinion gear (5A) and one Keeping off gear wheel (8A) is meshing state, and therefore, power is transmitted to a gear gear wheel (8A) from gear pinion gear (5A)；
Step 1.6, since the inner sleeve of gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) and the second shaft (4) are rigidly connected, a gear The housing of gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) and gear gear wheel (8A) rigid connection, one keep off gear wheel freewheel clutch at this time (8B) is in lockup state, so, power is transmitted to a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) from gear gear wheel (8A), then by One gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) is transmitted to the second shaft (4), drives the second shaft (4) rotation；
Step 1.7, when power is transmitted to the second shaft (4), due to differential mechanism output pinion (11) and the second shaft (4) it is rigidly connected, therefore, power is transmitted to differential mechanism output pinion (11) by the second shaft (4)；
Step 1.8, since differential mechanism output pinion (11) and differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) engage, power It is transmitted to differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) from differential mechanism output pinion (11), then by differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) transmitting To differential assembly (13), the transmission of a gear is finally completed by differential assembly (13)；
Step 2, speed changer is in the method for changing speed of top gear state, comprising:
Step 2.1, manually or automatically shift shifting fork assembly (2) is manipulated, the drive in selector fork assembly (2) Under, pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that makes to reverse gear is total to multiplate clutch band second gear pinion gear along first rotating shaft (3) It is slided at (7) direction, until combining multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B), makes multiplate clutch (7B) is bonding state；
Step 2.2, under the positive drive of motor (1), first rotating shaft (3) rotation is driven；At this point, power is by motor (1) It is transmitted to first rotating shaft (3)；
Step 2.3, therefore, power is inputted by first rotating shaft (3), due to gear pinion gear band overdrive clutch assembly (5) One gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) inner sleeve and first rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch The multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) of sliding sleeve assembly (6) is rigidly connected with first rotating shaft (3), multiplate clutch band second gear pinion gear is total It is rigidly connected at the multiplate clutch (7B) of (7) and first rotating shaft (3), therefore, the power of first rotating shaft (3) is transmitted to simultaneously: One gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B), multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B)；
Step 2.4, due to one gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) be lockup state, one gear pinion gear surmount from Clutch (5B) drives gear pinion gear (5A) synchronous rotary, and it is small that the power of gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) is transmitted to a gear Gear (5A)；
And for pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that reverses gear, the power of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) transmits To with the rigidly connected pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B)；But due to pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and the canine tooth that reverses gear Wheel (9) is in disengaged condition, so power is transmitted to pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and terminates afterwards, can not be transmitted to and the second shaft (4) The rigidly connected gear wheel that reverses gear (9)；
For multiplate clutch (7B), since multiplate clutch (7B) is bonding state, the clutch of multiplate clutch (7B) Device hub and first rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, and the bell housing of multiplate clutch (7B) and second gear pinion gear (7A) rigid connection, So power is transmitted to second gear pinion gear (7A) by multiplate clutch (7B)；
Step 2.5, since second gear pinion gear (7A) and second gear gear wheel (10) are meshing state, power is by second gear Pinion gear (7A) is transmitted to second gear gear wheel (10)；
Since gear pinion gear (5A) and gear gear wheel (8A) are meshing state, power is by a gear pinion gear (5A) is transmitted to a gear gear wheel (8A)；
Since gear pinion gear (5A) driving one keeps off gear wheel (8A) at this time, and second gear pinion gear (7A) driving in the same direction simultaneously Second gear gear wheel (10), also, since the diameter of gear pinion gear (5A) is less than the diameter of second gear pinion gear (7A), and a gear is small The sum of diameter of gear (5A) and gear gear wheel (8A) be equal to second gear pinion gear (7A) and second gear gear wheel (10) diameter it With, so, the diameter of gear gear wheel (8A) is greater than the diameter of second gear gear wheel (10)；
Since the diameter of gear gear wheel (8A) is greater than the diameter of second gear gear wheel (10), so, gear gear wheel (8A) Revolving speed be lower than second gear gear wheel (10) revolving speed；Again since second gear gear wheel (10) and the second shaft (4) are rigidly connected, institute With at this point, the revolving speed of the second shaft (4) is identical with the revolving speed of second gear gear wheel (10), the revolving speed of the second shaft (4) is greater than a gear The revolving speed of gear wheel (8A)；
For gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8), due to the inner sleeve of gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) It is rigidly connected with the second shaft (4), and the housing of gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) and gear gear wheel (8A) rigidly connect It connects, at this point, gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) is in surmount state of the inner sleeve relative to housing, therefore, power is transmitted to It is cut off after one gear gear wheel (8A), then after being transmitted to the housing of a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B)；
Step 2.6, therefore, power is transmitted to the second shaft (4) by second gear gear wheel (10)；Again by the second shaft (4) Be transmitted to the rigidly connected differential mechanism output pinion (11) of the second shaft (4), then by differential mechanism output pinion (11) pass It is delivered to differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) engaged with differential mechanism output pinion (11), is eventually transferred to differential assembly (13) Complete the transmission of second gear；
Step 3, the method that speed changer is in state of reversing gear, comprising:
Step 3.1, manually or automatically shift shifting fork assembly (2) is manipulated, the drive in selector fork assembly (2) Under, pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that makes to reverse gear is slided along first rotating shaft (3) to the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) direction, is made Multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B) they are discrete state, meanwhile, make reverse gear pinion gear (6A) and the canine tooth that reverses gear Taking turns (9) is meshing state；
Step 3.2, after pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that reverses gear slides in place along first rotating shaft (3), In Under the reversed drive of motor (1), first rotating shaft (3) is driven to reversely rotate；At this point, power is transmitted to first rotating shaft by motor (1) (3)；
Step 3.3, one due to a gear pinion gear with overdrive clutch assembly (5) keeps off pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) Inner sleeve and first rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, multiplate clutch sliding sleeve of the pinion gear of reversing gear with multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) (6B) and first rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, multiplate clutch (7B) and first of the multiplate clutch with second gear pinion gear assembly (7) Shaft (3) rigid connection, therefore, the power of first rotating shaft (3) is transmitted to simultaneously: one keeps off pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B), more Slice clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B)；
Step 3.4, since first rotating shaft (3) is reverse rotation, so, gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) is super More state, so, power terminates when being transmitted to a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B), can not be passed by gear pinion gear (5A) It is delivered to a gear gear wheel (8A)；
For multiplate clutch (7B), since multiplate clutch (7B) is discrete state, power be transmitted to multi-disc from It terminates, can not be passed and second gear pinion gear (7A) rigidly connected with the bell housing of multiplate clutch (7B) when clutch (7B) It is delivered to second gear gear wheel (10)；
For multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B), since multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) rigidly connect It connects, also, multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and first rotating shaft (3) are rigidly connected by spline, therefore, power is by first rotating shaft (3) it is transmitted to multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B), then pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) is transmitted to by multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B)；
Step 3.5, since pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) engage, power is by pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) is transmitted to the gear wheel that reverses gear (9)；
Since the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) and the second shaft (4) are rigidly connected, power is transmitted to by the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) Second shaft (4)；
Step 3.6, it after power is transmitted to the second shaft (4), is transmitted to respectively: a gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8), with the second shaft (4) rigidly connected differential mechanism output pinion (11) and with the second shaft (4) rigidly connected two It keeps off gear wheel (10)；
Wherein, when power is transmitted to gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8), due to the rotation of the second shaft (4) Direction of rotation when direction is relative to forward gear reversely rotates, so, a gear gear wheel is in overdrive clutch assembly (8) One gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) is in lockup state；Therefore, the gear wheel (9) and one that reverses gear keeps off gear wheel (8A) in the same direction together Speed rotation, so, gear pinion gear (5A) that gear gear wheel (8A) driving is engaged with gear gear wheel (8A) is the same as the small tooth that reverses gear Take turns (6A) rotating Vortex；Due to pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) diameter less than one gear pinion gear (5A) diameter, so, reverse gear canine tooth The diameter for taking turns (9) is greater than the diameter of gear gear wheel (8A), so, the revolving speed of pinion gear of reversing gear (6A), that is, first rotating shaft (3) revolving speed is higher than the revolving speed of gear pinion gear (5A), since one keeps off pinion gear with one in overdrive clutch assembly (5) at this time Gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B), which is in, surmounts state, so, first rotating shaft (3) surmounts rotation relative to gear pinion gear (5A) Rotatory force is interrupted；
Concurrently, second gear gear wheel (10) is also the same as the second shaft (4) synchronized rotation in the same direction；Second gear gear wheel (10) driving Second gear pinion gear (7A) rotation；Similarly, since the diameter of second gear gear wheel (10) is less than the diameter for gear wheel (9) of reversing gear, so The diameter of second gear pinion gear (7A) is greater than the diameter for pinion gear (6A) that reverse gear, and reverses gear so the revolving speed of second gear pinion gear (7A) is less than The revolving speed of pinion gear (6A), that is, it is less than the revolving speed of first rotating shaft (3), since multiplate clutch (7B) is in discrete state, First rotating shaft (3) surmounts rotary power relative to second gear pinion gear (7A) and interrupts at this time；
Last power is transmitted to differential mechanism output pinion (11) by the second shaft (4), then by differential mechanism output pinion (11) it is transmitted to differential mechanism output gear wheel (12), is transmitted to differential assembly (13) by differential mechanism output gear wheel (12), it is complete At the power transmission reversed gear.
Purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission and method for changing speed provided by the invention have the advantage that
1) switch between bottom gear, top gear steadily, power interruption is not necessarily in shift process, dynamic property, ride comfort are good；
2) forward gear of this speed changer due to be loose change gear transmission, may be implemented any revolving speed in the normal range and It shifts gears in the case where torque, transmits and interrupt there is no power when shift；
3) installing this gearbox may be implemented freely converting for high to low gear, and the grade climbing performance and dynamic property of vehicle can be improved Energy.
4) this speed changer has stable structure reliable, low in cost, the high advantage of transmission efficiency.Especially shift control letter Single reliable (conversion of gear only needs to control a component).
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of internal structure of purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission；
Fig. 2 is the external structure schematic diagram of purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission；
Fig. 3 is the decomposition state schematic diagram of purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission；
Fig. 4 is structural schematic diagram of the purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission in a gear state；
Fig. 5 is schematic illustration of the purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission in a gear state；
Fig. 6 is structural schematic diagram of the purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission in second gear state；
Fig. 7 is schematic illustration of the purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission in second gear state；
Fig. 8 is structural schematic diagram of the purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission when reversing gear state；
Fig. 9 is schematic illustration of the purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission when reversing gear state；
Figure 10 is a gear structure chart of the gear wheel with overdrive clutch assembly；
Figure 11 is a gear exploded view of the gear wheel with overdrive clutch assembly；
Figure 12 is a gear structure chart of the pinion gear with overdrive clutch assembly；
Figure 13 is a gear exploded view of the pinion gear with overdrive clutch assembly.
Specific embodiment
In order to which the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention is more clearly understood, below in conjunction with Accompanying drawings and embodiments, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only to It explains the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission, has the purely mechanic speed changer there are three gear, Three gears include: a gear (bottom gear), second gear (top gear) and reverse gear.Wherein, a gear and second gear are loose change gear transmission, Gear is that balladeur train is driven.Two kinds of shift modes: 1 manual mode may be implemented in this speed changer: being inputted with manpower to selector fork The change of position is to realize that shift is manual shift mode.2 with machine power, (electronic, such as various motors etc., surge, compare Such as various hydraulic motors, pneumatically, such as various air pressure motors, pneumatic cylinder etc.) input the change of selector fork position is come it is real Now shifting gears is power shifting mode.Power shifting mode can be with plus matching electronic controller or mechanical control device Realize self shifter.
With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission includes: 2, first turns of motor 1, selector fork assembly Axis 3, the second shaft 4, one gear pinion gear band overdrive clutch assembly 5, pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6, more Slice clutch band second gear pinion gear assembly 7, one keeps off gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly 8, the gear wheel 9 that reverses gear, second gear gear wheel 10, differential mechanism output pinion 11, differential mechanism output gear wheel 12 and differential assembly 13；
The output end and first rotating shaft 3 of motor 1 link；First rotating shaft 3 and the second shaft 4 are arranged in parallel；
Selector fork assembly 2 carries out axis for realizing pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 is reversed gear along first rotating shaft 3 To sliding, selector fork assembly 2 includes shift fork axle 2A, gear-shifting rocker arm 2B and selector fork 2C.
One gear pinion gear band overdrive clutch assembly 5 includes a gear pinion gear 5A and a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B；Wherein, an a gear pinion gear 5A and gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B is placed on the outside of first rotating shaft 3；The one small tooth of gear The inner sleeve and first rotating shaft 3 for taking turns freewheel clutch 5B are rigidly connected, and the housing and a gear of a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B is small Gear 5A rigid connection；The housing for being a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B with reference to Figure 13,5B1；5B2 is that a gear pinion gear surmounts Clutch main body；5B3 is the bearing of a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch.
Pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 includes the pinion gear 6A and multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B that reverses gear； Wherein, pinion gear of reversing gear 6A and multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B is placed on the outside of first rotating shaft 3；Multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B is logical It crosses spline and first rotating shaft 3 is rigidly connected, meanwhile, multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B can carry out axial direction along first rotating shaft 3 by spline It is mobile；Multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B and pinion gear 6A rigid connection of reversing gear；
Multiplate clutch band second gear pinion gear assembly 7 includes second gear pinion gear 7A and multiplate clutch 7B；Wherein, second gear Pinion gear 7A and multiplate clutch 7B is placed on the outside of first rotating shaft 3；The inner hole and first rotating shaft 3 of multiplate clutch 7B is rigid Property connection；The shell and second gear pinion gear 7A of multiplate clutch 7B is rigidly connected；
One gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly 8 includes a gear gear wheel 8A and a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B；An one gear gear wheel 8A and gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B is placed on the outside of the second shaft 4；One gear gear wheel surmounts The inner sleeve of clutch 8B and the second shaft 4 are rigidly connected, the housing of a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B and a gear gear wheel 8A Rigid connection；Also, a gear gear wheel 8A is engaged with a gear pinion gear 5A；It wherein, is that a gear gear wheel is super with reference to Figure 11,8B1 The more housing of clutch 8B；8B2 is a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch main body；8B3 is the axis of a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch It holds.
The gear wheel 9 that reverses gear is placed on the outside of the second shaft 4, and is rigidly connected with the second shaft 4；
Second gear gear wheel 10 is placed on the outside of the second shaft 4, and is rigidly connected with the second shaft 4；Also, second gear gear wheel 10 engage with second gear pinion gear 7A；
Differential mechanism output pinion 11 is placed on the outside of the second shaft 4, and is rigidly connected with the second shaft 4；
The output shaft that differential mechanism exports gear wheel 12 installs differential assembly 13, and differential mechanism exports gear wheel 12 and differential mechanism Output pinion 11 engages.
In the present invention, the diameter of a gear pinion gear 5A is less than the diameter of second gear pinion gear 7A；
The diameter of one gear gear wheel 8A is greater than the diameter of second gear gear wheel 10；
Diameter of the diameter of pinion gear of reversing gear 6A less than a gear pinion gear 5A；
Reverse gear gear wheel 9 diameter be greater than one gear gear wheel 8A diameter；
The diameter of second gear gear wheel 10 is less than the diameter for the gear wheel 9 that reverses gear；
The diameter of second gear pinion gear 7A is greater than the diameter for the pinion gear 6A that reverses gear.
The present invention also provides a kind of method for changing speed based on purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission, including following step It is rapid:
Step 1, speed changer is in the method for changing speed of bottom gear state, with reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, comprising:
Step 1.1, manually or automatically shift shifting fork assembly 2 is manipulated, under the drive of selector fork assembly 2, is made Pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 slides axially along first rotating shaft 3, makes multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B and more Slice clutch 7B is discrete state, meanwhile, make reverse gear pinion gear 6A and 9 non-engagement state of gear wheel that reverses gear；At this point, shift is dialled Pitch in an intermediate position, speed changer is in bottom gear state at this time.
Step 1.2, after the pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 that reverses gear slides in place along first rotating shaft 3, in motor Under 1 positive drive, first rotating shaft 3 is driven to rotate；At this point, power is transmitted to first rotating shaft 3 by motor 1；
Step 1.3, the inner sleeve of the gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B due to a gear pinion gear with overdrive clutch assembly 5 With the rigid connection of first rotating shaft 3, multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B of the pinion gear of reversing gear with multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 and first turn The rigid connection of axis 3, multiplate clutch 7B of the multiplate clutch with second gear pinion gear assembly 7 and first rotating shaft 3 are rigidly connected, because This, the power of first rotating shaft 3 is transmitted to simultaneously: a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B, multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B and multi-disc from Clutch 7B；
Step 1.4, when first rotating shaft 3 rotates in the forward direction, a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B is lockup state, therefore, One gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B drives a gear pinion gear 5A synchronous rotary, and the power of a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B passes It is delivered to a gear pinion gear 5A；
And for reverse gear pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6, the power of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B be transmitted to The rigidly connected pinion gear 6A that reverses gear of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B；But pinion gear 6A and the gear wheel 9 that reverses gear are in de- due to reversing gear Open state terminates so power is transmitted to after reversing gear pinion gear 6A, can not be transmitted to the second shaft 4 it is rigidly connected reverse gear it is big Gear 9；
For multiplate clutch 7B, since multiplate clutch 7B and multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B is discrete state, more Slice clutch 7B is discrete state, and termination when power is transmitted to multiplate clutch 7B can not transfer power to second gear pinion gear 7A, therefore, second gear pinion gear 7A can not necessarily be transferred power to and the rigidly connected second gear gear wheel 10 of the second shaft 4；
Step 1.5, therefore, power is only capable of transmitting backward from a gear pinion gear 5A；Since a gear pinion gear 5A and a gear are big Gear 8A is meshing state, and therefore, power is transmitted to a gear gear wheel 8A from a gear pinion gear 5A；
Step 1.6, since the inner sleeve of a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B and the second shaft 4 are rigidly connected, a gear canine tooth Housing and a gear gear wheel 8A rigid connection of freewheel clutch 8B are taken turns, a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B is in locking at this time State, so, power is transmitted to a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B from a gear gear wheel 8A, then by a gear gear wheel surmount from Clutch 8B is transmitted to the second shaft 4, drives the rotation of the second shaft 4；
Step 1.7, when power is transmitted to the second shaft 4, due to 4 rigidity of differential mechanism output pinion 11 and the second shaft Connection, therefore, power is transmitted to differential mechanism output pinion 11 by the second shaft 4；
Step 1.8, since differential mechanism output pinion 11 and differential mechanism output gear wheel 12 engage, power is from difference Fast device output pinion 11 is transmitted to differential mechanism output gear wheel 12, then to be transmitted to differential mechanism total by differential mechanism output gear wheel 12 At 13, the transmission of a gear is finally completed by differential assembly 13；
The above process can briefly describe are as follows:
Bottom gear state i.e. one keeps off state, and drive path is:
Power is inputted by first rotating shaft 3, and power is transmitted to simultaneously: a gear pinion gear band overdrive clutch assembly 5 reverses gear small Gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 and multiplate clutch band second gear pinion gear assembly 7.At this time since a gear pinion gear band is super The housing rigid connection of a gear pinion gear 5A and a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B more in clutch assembly 5, a small tooth of gear Freewheel clutch 5B inner sleeve and first rotating shaft rigid connection are taken turns, at this time because a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B is in first rotating shaft It is lockup state when rotation, so a gear pinion gear 5A and first rotating shaft synchronous rotary.
And at this time reverse gear pinion gear in multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 reverse gear pinion gear 6A because and the second shaft The rigidly connected gear wheel 9 that reverses gear is in disengaged condition so power cannot be transmitted.Simultaneously as multiplate clutch band second gear is small Second gear pinion gear 7A in gear assembly 7 cannot be transmitted to power and the second shaft since multiplate clutch is in discrete state Be rigidly connected second gear gear wheel 10.
In conclusion power at this time can only be transmitted to a gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly by a gear pinion gear 5A A gear gear wheel 8A in 8.Outside due to the freewheel clutch in a gear gear wheel 8A and a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B Set rigid connection, and the inner sleeve and the second shaft of a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B are in rigid connection, because of a gear at this time Gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B is in lockup state.So power is transmitted to the second shaft by a gear gear wheel 8A.Again by second Shaft is transmitted to differential mechanism output pinion 11 (the second shaft and differential mechanism output pinion 11 are in rigid connection).It moves at this time Power is transmitted to differential mechanism output gear wheel 12 by differential mechanism output pinion 11, then has differential mechanism output gear wheel 12 to be transmitted to difference Fast device assembly 13 is finally completed the transmission of a gear by differential mechanism output.
Step 2, speed changer is in the method for changing speed of top gear state, with reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, comprising:
Step 2.1, manually or automatically shift shifting fork assembly 2 is manipulated, under the drive of selector fork assembly 2, is made Pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 is sliding to multiplate clutch band 7 direction of second gear pinion gear assembly along first rotating shaft 3 It is dynamic, until combining multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B and multiplate clutch 7B, make multiplate clutch 7B bonding state；
Step 2.2, under the positive drive of motor 1, first rotating shaft 3 is driven to rotate；At this point, power is transmitted to by motor 1 First rotating shaft 3；
Step 2.3, therefore, power is inputted by first rotating shaft 3, due to one gear pinion gear with overdrive clutch assembly 5 one Keep off the inner sleeve and the rigid connection of first rotating shaft 3, pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 of pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B Multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B and first rotating shaft 3 rigid connection, multiplate clutch of the multiplate clutch with second gear pinion gear assembly 7 7B and first rotating shaft 3 are rigidly connected, and therefore, the power of first rotating shaft 3 is transmitted to simultaneously: a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B, Multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B and multiplate clutch 7B；
Step 2.4, since a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B is lockup state, a gear pinion gear overdrive clutch Device 5B drives a gear pinion gear 5A synchronous rotary, and the power of a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B is transmitted to a gear pinion gear 5A；
And for reverse gear pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6, the power of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B be transmitted to The rigidly connected pinion gear 6A that reverses gear of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B；But pinion gear 6A and the gear wheel 9 that reverses gear are in de- due to reversing gear Open state terminates so power is transmitted to after reversing gear pinion gear 6A, can not be transmitted to the second shaft 4 it is rigidly connected reverse gear it is big Gear 9；
For multiplate clutch 7B, since multiplate clutch 7B is bonding state, the clutch hub of multiplate clutch 7B and First rotating shaft 3 is rigidly connected, and the bell housing of multiplate clutch 7B and second gear pinion gear 7A rigid connection, so, power is logical It crosses multiplate clutch 7B and is transmitted to second gear pinion gear 7A；
Step 2.5, since second gear pinion gear 7A and second gear gear wheel 10 are meshing state, power is by the small tooth of second gear Wheel 7A is transmitted to second gear gear wheel 10；
Since a gear pinion gear 5A and a gear gear wheel 8A are meshing state, power is transmitted by a gear pinion gear 5A To a gear gear wheel 8A；
Since a gear pinion gear 5A driving one keeps off gear wheel 8A at this time, and driving second gear is big in the same direction simultaneously by second gear pinion gear 7A Gear 10, also, since the diameter of a gear pinion gear 5A is less than the diameter of second gear pinion gear 7A, and a gear pinion gear 5A and one is kept off The sum of diameter of gear wheel 8A is equal to the sum of second gear pinion gear 7A and the diameter of second gear gear wheel 10, so, a gear gear wheel 8A Diameter be greater than second gear gear wheel 10 diameter；
Since the diameter of a gear gear wheel 8A is greater than the diameter of second gear gear wheel 10, so, the revolving speed of a gear gear wheel 8A Lower than the revolving speed of second gear gear wheel 10；Again since second gear gear wheel 10 and the second shaft 4 are rigidly connected, so at this point, second turn The revolving speed of axis 4 is identical with the revolving speed of second gear gear wheel 10, and the revolving speed of the second shaft 4 is greater than the revolving speed of a gear gear wheel 8A；
For a gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly 8, due to the inner sleeve and the of a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B The rigid connection of two shafts 4, and the housing of a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B and a gear gear wheel 8A rigid connection, at this point, one Gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B is in surmount state of the inner sleeve relative to housing, and therefore, power is transmitted to a gear gear wheel 8A Afterwards, then after being transmitted to the housing of a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch 8B it cuts off；
Step 2.6, therefore, power is transmitted to the second shaft 4 by second gear gear wheel 10；It is transmitted to again by the second shaft 4 With the rigidly connected differential mechanism output pinion 11 of the second shaft 4, then it is transmitted to by differential mechanism output pinion 11 and differential mechanism The differential mechanism that output pinion 11 engages exports gear wheel 12, is eventually transferred to the transmission that differential assembly 13 completes second gear；
The drive path of second gear can be described as:
Selector fork stirs pinion gear of reversing gear with multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 to the direction of multiplate clutch when second gear Sliding.The pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 that makes to reverse gear is in position shown in Fig. 6.Make multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B and more Slice clutch 7B is combined, and makes multiplate clutch 7B bonding state；At this point, second gear pinion gear 7A and bell housing rigidity In conjunction with.And clutch hub and first rotating shaft rigid connection.So second gear pinion gear 7A and first rotating shaft are combined together at this time.
At this point, power is inputted by first rotating shaft, while being transmitted to gear a pinion gear 5A, second gear pinion gear 7A and the small tooth that reverses gear Take turns tri- gears of 6A.Due to reversing gear, pinion gear 6A is in disengaged condition, therefore power is failed to pass.Power can only be by a gear Pinion gear 5A and second gear pinion gear 7A are transmitted to a gear gear wheel 8A and second gear gear wheel 10.Because at this time one gear pinion gear 5A and Driving one keeps off gear wheel 8A and second gear gear wheel 10 to second gear pinion gear 7A in the same direction simultaneously.Since a gear pinion gear diameter is less than second gear Pinion gear diameter.(since first rotating shaft is parallel with the second shaft, a gear pinion gear and a gear gear wheel, second gear pinion gear and two Keep off gear wheel meshed gears pair each other.Therefore the sum of a gear pinion gear and a gear canine tooth wheel diameter are equal to second gear pinion gear and two Keep off the sum of canine tooth wheel diameter) so the diameter of a gear gear wheel is greater than the diameter of second gear gear wheel.Due to one gear gear wheel it is straight Diameter is greater than the diameter of second gear gear wheel, so the revolving speed of a gear gear wheel is lower than the revolving speed of second gear gear wheel.Due to second gear canine tooth Wheel and the second shaft are rigid connections, so the revolving speed of the second shaft is greater than the revolving speed of a gear gear wheel at this time.At this time due to one Keeping off gear wheel is connected by freewheel clutch and the second shaft.The inner sleeve of freewheel clutch and the second shaft are in rigidity and connect It connects, and the housing of freewheel clutch and a gear gear wheel are in rigid connection.At this time freewheel clutch be set as inner sleeve relative to Housing surmounts state.Power can only be transmitted to rigidly connected differential mechanism output pinion 11 therewith by the second shaft, then be passed It is delivered to differential mechanism output gear wheel 12, then is transmitted to the transmission that differential mechanism completes second gear.
Step 3, the method that speed changer is in state of reversing gear, with reference to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, comprising:
Step 3.1, manually or automatically shift shifting fork assembly 2 is manipulated, under the drive of selector fork assembly 2, is made Pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 is slided along first rotating shaft 3 to 9 direction of gear wheel of reversing gear, and makes multiplate clutch Sliding sleeve 6B and multiplate clutch 7B is discrete state, meanwhile, make reverse gear pinion gear 6A and 9 meshing state of gear wheel of reversing gear；
Step 3.2, after the pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 that reverses gear slides in place along first rotating shaft 3, in motor Under 1 reversed drive, first rotating shaft 3 is driven to reversely rotate；At this point, power is transmitted to first rotating shaft 3 by motor 1；
Step 3.3, the inner sleeve of the gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B due to a gear pinion gear with overdrive clutch assembly 5 With the rigid connection of first rotating shaft 3, multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B of the pinion gear of reversing gear with multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly 6 and first turn The rigid connection of axis 3, multiplate clutch 7B of the multiplate clutch with second gear pinion gear assembly 7 and first rotating shaft 3 are rigidly connected, because This, the power of first rotating shaft 3 is transmitted to simultaneously: a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B, multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B and multi-disc from Clutch 7B；
Step 3.4, since first rotating shaft 3 is reverse rotation, so, a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B is to surmount shape State, so, termination when power is transmitted to a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B can not be transmitted to a gear by a gear pinion gear 5A Gear wheel 8A；
For multiplate clutch 7B, since multiplate clutch 7B is discrete state, power is transmitted to multiplate clutch It is terminated when 7B, it is big second gear can not to be transmitted to and second gear pinion gear 7A rigidly connected with the bell housing of multiplate clutch 7B Gear 10；
For multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B, due to multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B and pinion gear 6A rigid connection of reversing gear, also, Multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B and first rotating shaft 3 are rigidly connected by spline, therefore, power by first rotating shaft 3 be transmitted to multi-disc from Clutch sliding sleeve 6B, then the pinion gear 6A that reverses gear is transmitted to by multiplate clutch sliding sleeve 6B；
Step 3.5, since reverse gear pinion gear 6A and the gear wheel 9 that reverses gear engage, power is transmitted by the pinion gear 6A that reverses gear To the gear wheel 9 that reverses gear；
Due to reverse gear gear wheel 9 and the second shaft 4 rigid connection, power is transmitted to second turn by the gear wheel 9 that reverses gear Axis 4；
Step 3.6, it after power is transmitted to the second shaft 4, is transmitted to respectively: a gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly 8, With the rigidly connected differential mechanism output pinion 11 of the second shaft 4 and with the rigidly connected second gear gear wheel 10 of the second shaft 4；
Wherein, when power is transmitted to a gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly 8, due to the direction of rotation of the second shaft 4 Direction of rotation when relative to forward gear reversely rotates, so, a gear gear wheel is big with the gear in overdrive clutch assembly 8 Gear overrunning clutch 8B is in lockup state；Therefore, reverse gear gear wheel 9 and one gear gear wheel 8A rotate at the same speed in the same direction, so, The gear pinion gear 5A that one gear gear wheel 8A driving is engaged with a gear gear wheel 8A is the same as the pinion gear 6A rotating Vortex that reverses gear；Due to falling Diameter of the diameter less than a gear pinion gear 5A of pinion gear 6A is kept off, so, the diameter for the gear wheel 9 that reverses gear is greater than a gear gear wheel 8A Diameter, so, the revolving speed of pinion gear of reversing gear 6A, that is, first rotating shaft 3 revolving speed be higher than one gear pinion gear 5A revolving speed, by It is at this time one gear pinion gear with the gear pinion gear freewheel clutch 5B in overdrive clutch assembly 5 and surmounts state, so, First rotating shaft 3 surmounts rotary power relative to a gear pinion gear 5A and interrupts；
Concurrently, second gear gear wheel 10 is also the same as the synchronized rotation in the same direction of the second shaft 4；Second gear gear wheel 10 drives second gear small Gear 7A rotation；Similarly, since the diameter of second gear gear wheel 10 is less than the diameter for the gear wheel 9 that reverses gear, so second gear pinion gear 7A Diameter be greater than the diameter of pinion gear 6A of reversing gear, so the revolving speed of second gear pinion gear 7A is less than the revolving speed for the pinion gear 6A that reverses gear, It is just less than the revolving speed of first rotating shaft 3, since multiplate clutch 7B is in discrete state, first rotating shaft 3 is relative to second gear at this time Pinion gear 7A surmounts rotary power interruption；
Last power is transmitted to differential mechanism output pinion 11 by the second shaft 4, then is passed by differential mechanism output pinion 11 It is delivered to differential mechanism output gear wheel 12, differential assembly 13 is transmitted to by differential mechanism output gear wheel 12, completes the power to reverse gear Transmission.
The drive path to reverse gear:
Selector fork is in position shown in Fig. 8 when reversing gear.At this point, the pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve that reverses gear is total It is mobile to gear wheel direction of reversing gear at 6.So that reverse gear pinion gear and the gear wheel that reverses gear combine.Multiplate clutch is also at simultaneously Discrete state.
Opposite direction when power is by first rotating shaft and a gear second gear rotates input.Power is transmitted to a gear pinion gear band simultaneously Overdrive clutch assembly 5, pinion gear of reversing gear and multiplate clutch.At this time because first rotating shaft is reversely to input, a gear is small Freewheel clutch in gear band freewheel clutch, which is in, surmounts state, causes power that cannot be transmitted to a gear from first rotating shaft big Gear.And multiplate clutch at this time is in discrete state with the multiplate clutch in second gear pinion gear assembly.Power cannot pass It is delivered to pinion gear of reversing gear.So power cannot be transmitted to the second shaft from first rotating shaft.
Due to reversing gear pinion gear and multiplate clutch sliding sleeve is rigid connection.Multiplate clutch sliding sleeve is to pass through spline simultaneously It is rigidly connected with first rotating shaft.So power is transmitted to the gear wheel that reverses gear by pinion gear of reversing gear, because reversing gear gear wheel and second Shaft is rigid connection.So power is transmitted to the second shaft.Power is transmitted to after the second shaft and is transmitted to respectively: a gear Gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly, differential mechanism output pinion 11, second gear gear wheel.
When power is transmitted to a gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly, since the direction of rotation of the second shaft is opposite Direction of rotation when forward gear reversely rotates.So one gear gear wheel with the freewheel clutch in overdrive clutch assembly at In lockup state.Reverse gear at this time gear wheel and one gear gear wheel rotate at the same speed in the same direction.So driving a gear small once gear gear wheel Gear is the same as the pinion gear rotating Vortex that reverses gear.Since the pinion gear diameter that reverses gear is less than a gear pinion gear diameter, so the gear wheel that reverses gear Diameter is greater than a gear canine tooth wheel diameter.(since first rotating shaft is parallel with the second shaft, a gear pinion gear and a gear gear wheel, Gear pinion gear and gear wheel meshed gears pair each other of reversing gear.Therefore the sum of a gear pinion gear and a gear canine tooth wheel diameter are equal to fall Gear pinion gear and the sum of the canine tooth wheel diameter that reverses gear) so the revolving speed for pinion gear of reversing gear i.e. the revolving speed of first rotating shaft are higher than a gear The revolving speed of pinion gear.Surmount state since the freewheel clutch in a gear pinion gear assembly with clutch at this time is in, so the One shaft surmounts rotary power relative to a gear pinion gear and interrupts.
Concurrently, second gear gear wheel is also rotated with the second shaft at the same speed in the same direction.Second gear canine tooth wheel drive second gear pinion gear Rotation.Similarly since the diameter of second gear gear wheel is less than the diameter for the gear wheel that reverses gear, so the diameter of second gear pinion gear is greater than to fall Keep off the diameter of pinion gear.So the revolving speed of second gear pinion gear is less than the revolving speed for pinion gear of reversing gear, that is, it is less than first rotating shaft Revolving speed, since multiplate clutch is in discrete state, first rotating shaft surmounts rotary power relative to second gear pinion gear and interrupts at this time.
Last power is transmitted to differential mechanism output pinion 11 by the second shaft, then is transmitted by differential mechanism output pinion 11 Gear wheel 12 is exported to differential mechanism, differential assembly is transmitted to by differential mechanism output gear wheel 12, completes the power transmission reversed gear.
A kind of purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission provided by the invention, there are three gear, bottom gears, top gear for tool With reverse gear, wherein bottom gear, top gear be constant mesh gear transmission, reverse gear for balladeur train transmission.This speed changer can pass through Shift is realized in mechanically actuated, can also be realized and be shifted gears by motor control, it is only necessary to act selector fork.With following Advantage:
1) switch between bottom gear, top gear steadily, power interruption is not necessarily in shift process, dynamic property, ride comfort are good；
2) forward gear of this speed changer due to be loose change gear transmission, may be implemented any revolving speed in the normal range and It shifts gears in the case where torque, transmits and interrupt there is no power when shift；
3) installing this gearbox may be implemented freely converting for high to low gear, and the grade climbing performance and dynamic property of vehicle can be improved Energy.
4) this speed changer has stable structure reliable, low in cost, the high advantage of transmission efficiency.Especially shift control letter Single reliable (conversion of gear only needs to control a component).
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered Depending on protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission characterized by comprising motor (1), selector fork assembly (2), First rotating shaft (3), the second shaft (4), gear pinion gear band overdrive clutch assembly (5), pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch Sliding sleeve assembly (6), gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8), reverses gear at multiplate clutch band second gear pinion gear assembly (7) Gear wheel (9), second gear gear wheel (10), differential mechanism output pinion (11), differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) and differential mechanism are total At (13)；
The output end of the motor (1) and the first rotating shaft (3) are linked；The first rotating shaft (3) and second shaft (4) It is arranged in parallel；
One gear pinion gear band overdrive clutch assembly (5) includes gear pinion gear (5A) and a gear pinion gear overdrive clutch Device (5B)；Wherein, gear pinion gear (5A) and gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) are placed on described first The outside of shaft (3)；The inner sleeve of one gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) and the first rotating shaft (3) are rigidly connected, institute The housing and gear pinion gear (5A) for stating a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) are rigidly connected；
Pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that reverses gear includes reverse gear pinion gear (6A) and multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B)；Wherein, the pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and the multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) are placed on the first rotating shaft (3) Outside；The multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) is rigidly connected by spline and the first rotating shaft (3), meanwhile, the multi-disc from Clutch sliding sleeve (6B) can be moved axially by spline along the first rotating shaft (3)；The multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) with Pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) rigid connection；
Multiplate clutch band second gear pinion gear assembly (7) includes second gear pinion gear (7A) and multiplate clutch (7B)；Its In, the second gear pinion gear (7A) and the multiplate clutch (7B) are placed on the outside of the first rotating shaft (3)；It is described more The inner hole of slice clutch (7B) and the first rotating shaft (3) are rigidly connected；The shell and described two of the multiplate clutch (7B) Keep off pinion gear (7A) rigid connection；
One gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8) includes gear gear wheel (8A) and a gear gear wheel overdrive clutch Device (8B)；One gear gear wheel (8A) and gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) are placed on second shaft (4) outside；The inner sleeve of one gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) and second shaft (4) are rigidly connected, and described one The housing and gear gear wheel (8A) for keeping off gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) are rigidly connected；Also, the gear gear wheel (8A) is engaged with gear pinion gear (5A)；
The gear wheel that reverses gear (9) is placed on the outside of second shaft (4), and is rigidly connected with second shaft (4)；
The second gear gear wheel (10) is placed on the outside of second shaft (4), and is rigidly connected with second shaft (4)； Also, the second gear gear wheel (10) is engaged with the second gear pinion gear (7A)；
The differential mechanism output pinion (11) is placed on the outside of second shaft (4), and rigid with second shaft (4) Connection；
The output shaft of differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) installs the differential assembly (13), and the differential mechanism exports canine tooth Wheel (12) is engaged with the differential mechanism output pinion (11).
2. purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The diameter of one gear pinion gear (5A) is less than the diameter of second gear pinion gear (7A)；
The diameter of one gear gear wheel (8A) is greater than the diameter of second gear gear wheel (10)；
Diameter of the diameter of pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) less than gear pinion gear (5A)；
Reverse gear gear wheel (9) diameter be greater than one gear gear wheel (8A) diameter；
The diameter of second gear gear wheel (10) is less than the diameter for gear wheel (9) of reversing gear；
The diameter of second gear pinion gear (7A) is greater than the diameter for pinion gear (6A) that reverse gear.
3. a kind of method for changing speed based on purely mechanic auto-manual parallel shaft transmission of any of claims 1 or 2, feature exist In, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, speed changer is in the method for changing speed of bottom gear state, comprising:
Step 1.1, manually or automatically shift shifting fork assembly (2) is manipulated, under the drive of selector fork assembly (2), is made Pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) slides axially along first rotating shaft (3), makes multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B) are discrete state, meanwhile, make to reverse gear pinion gear (6A) and the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) is non-engagement shape State；
Step 1.2, after pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that reverses gear slides in place along first rotating shaft (3), in motor (1) under positive drive, first rotating shaft (3) rotation is driven；At this point, power is transmitted to first rotating shaft (3) by motor (1)；
Step 1.3, the inner sleeve of gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) due to a gear pinion gear with overdrive clutch assembly (5) With first rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) of the pinion gear of reversing gear with multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) and First rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, multiplate clutch (7B) and first rotating shaft of the multiplate clutch with second gear pinion gear assembly (7) (3) be rigidly connected, therefore, the power of first rotating shaft (3) is transmitted to simultaneously: one keep off pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B), multi-disc from Clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B)；
Step 1.4, when first rotating shaft (3) rotates in the forward direction, gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) is lockup state, therefore, One gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) drives gear pinion gear (5A) synchronous rotary, gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) Power is transmitted to a gear pinion gear (5A)；
And for reverse gear pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6), the power of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) be transmitted to The rigidly connected pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B)；But due to pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) it is in disengaged condition, so power is transmitted to pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and terminates afterwards, can not be transmitted to rigid with the second shaft (4) Property connection the gear wheel that reverses gear (9)；
For multiplate clutch (7B), since multiplate clutch (7B) and multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) is discrete state, Multiplate clutch (7B) is discrete state, and power terminates when being transmitted to multiplate clutch (7B), can not transfer power to second gear Pinion gear (7A), therefore, second gear pinion gear (7A) can not necessarily transfer power to and the second shaft (4) rigidly connected second gear Gear wheel (10)；
Step 1.5, therefore, power is only capable of transmitting backward from gear pinion gear (5A)；Since gear pinion gear (5A) and a gear are big Gear (8A) is meshing state, and therefore, power is transmitted to a gear gear wheel (8A) from gear pinion gear (5A)；
Step 1.6, since the inner sleeve of gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) and the second shaft (4) are rigidly connected, a gear canine tooth Housing and gear gear wheel (8A) rigid connection for taking turns freewheel clutch (8B), at this time at gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) In lockup state, so, power is transmitted to a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) from gear gear wheel (8A), then big by a gear Gear overrunning clutch (8B) is transmitted to the second shaft (4), drives the second shaft (4) rotation；
Step 1.7, when power is transmitted to the second shaft (4), since differential mechanism output pinion (11) and the second shaft (4) are rigid Property connection, therefore, power is transmitted to differential mechanism output pinion (11) by the second shaft (4)；
Step 1.8, due to differential mechanism output pinion (11) and differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) engagement, power is from difference Fast device output pinion (11) is transmitted to differential mechanism output gear wheel (12), then is transmitted to difference by differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) Fast device assembly (13) is finally completed the transmission of a gear by differential assembly (13)；
Step 2, speed changer is in the method for changing speed of top gear state, comprising:
Step 2.1, manually or automatically shift shifting fork assembly (2) is manipulated, under the drive of selector fork assembly (2), is made Pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) is along first rotating shaft (3) to multiplate clutch with second gear pinion gear assembly (7) Direction sliding, until combining multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B), makes multiplate clutch (7B) For bonding state；
Step 2.2, under the positive drive of motor (1), first rotating shaft (3) rotation is driven；At this point, power is transmitted by motor (1) To first rotating shaft (3)；
Step 2.3, therefore, power by first rotating shaft (3) input, due to one gear pinion gear with overdrive clutch assembly (5) one Keep off the inner sleeve and first rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve of pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) The multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) of assembly (6) and first rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, multiplate clutch band second gear pinion gear assembly (7) multiplate clutch (7B) and first rotating shaft (3) is rigidly connected, and therefore, the power of first rotating shaft (3) is transmitted to simultaneously: one Keep off pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B), multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B)；
Step 2.4, since gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) is lockup state, a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) drives gear pinion gear (5A) synchronous rotary, and the power of gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) is transmitted to a gear pinion gear (5A)；
And for reverse gear pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6), the power of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) be transmitted to The rigidly connected pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) of multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B)；But due to pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) it is in disengaged condition, so power is transmitted to pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and terminates afterwards, can not be transmitted to rigid with the second shaft (4) Property connection the gear wheel that reverses gear (9)；
For multiplate clutch (7B), since multiplate clutch (7B) is bonding state, the clutch hub of multiplate clutch (7B) It is rigidly connected with first rotating shaft (3), and the bell housing of multiplate clutch (7B) and second gear pinion gear (7A) rigid connection, institute With power is transmitted to second gear pinion gear (7A) by multiplate clutch (7B)；
Step 2.5, since second gear pinion gear (7A) and second gear gear wheel (10) are meshing state, power is by the small tooth of second gear Wheel (7A) is transmitted to second gear gear wheel (10)；
Since gear pinion gear (5A) and gear gear wheel (8A) are meshing state, power is passed by gear pinion gear (5A) It is delivered to a gear gear wheel (8A)；
Since gear pinion gear (5A) driving one keeps off gear wheel (8A) at this time, and second gear pinion gear (7A) while in the same direction driving second gear Gear wheel (10), also, since the diameter of gear pinion gear (5A) is less than the diameter of second gear pinion gear (7A), and one keeps off pinion gear The sum of (5A) and the diameter of gear gear wheel (8A) are equal to the sum of the diameter of second gear pinion gear (7A) and second gear gear wheel (10), institute With the diameter of gear gear wheel (8A) is greater than the diameter of second gear gear wheel (10)；
Since the diameter of gear gear wheel (8A) is greater than the diameter of second gear gear wheel (10), so, gear gear wheel (8A) turns Speed is lower than the revolving speed of second gear gear wheel (10)；Again since second gear gear wheel (10) and the second shaft (4) are rigidly connected, so this When, the revolving speed of the second shaft (4) is identical with the revolving speed of second gear gear wheel (10), and the revolving speed of the second shaft (4) is greater than a gear canine tooth Take turns the revolving speed of (8A)；
For gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8), due to the inner sleeve and the of gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) Two shafts (4) rigid connection, and the housing of gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) and gear gear wheel (8A) rigid connection, this When, gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) is in surmount state of the inner sleeve relative to housing, and therefore, it is big that power is transmitted to a gear It is cut off after gear (8A), then after being transmitted to the housing of a gear gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B)；
Step 2.6, therefore, power is transmitted to the second shaft (4) by second gear gear wheel (10)；It is transmitted again by the second shaft (4) To with the rigidly connected differential mechanism output pinion (11) of the second shaft (4), then be transmitted to by differential mechanism output pinion (11) Differential mechanism output gear wheel (12) engaged with differential mechanism output pinion (11) is eventually transferred to differential assembly (13) completion The transmission of second gear；
Step 3, the method that speed changer is in state of reversing gear, comprising:
Step 3.1, manually or automatically shift shifting fork assembly (2) is manipulated, under the drive of selector fork assembly (2), is made Pinion gear of reversing gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) is slided along first rotating shaft (3) to the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) direction, makes multi-disc Clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B) they are discrete state, meanwhile, make reverse gear pinion gear (6A) and the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) For meshing state；
Step 3.2, after pinion gear band multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) that reverses gear slides in place along first rotating shaft (3), in motor (1) under reversed drive, first rotating shaft (3) is driven to reversely rotate；At this point, power is transmitted to first rotating shaft (3) by motor (1)；
Step 3.3, the inner sleeve of gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) due to a gear pinion gear with overdrive clutch assembly (5) With first rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) of the pinion gear of reversing gear with multiplate clutch sliding sleeve assembly (6) and First rotating shaft (3) rigid connection, multiplate clutch (7B) and first rotating shaft of the multiplate clutch with second gear pinion gear assembly (7) (3) be rigidly connected, therefore, the power of first rotating shaft (3) is transmitted to simultaneously: one keep off pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B), multi-disc from Clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and multiplate clutch (7B)；
Step 3.4, since first rotating shaft (3) is reverse rotation, so, gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B) is to surmount shape State, so, power terminates when being transmitted to a gear pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B), can not be transmitted to by gear pinion gear (5A) One gear gear wheel (8A)；
For multiplate clutch (7B), since multiplate clutch (7B) is discrete state, power is transmitted to multiplate clutch It terminates, can not be transmitted to and second gear pinion gear (7A) rigidly connected with the bell housing of multiplate clutch (7B) when (7B) Second gear gear wheel (10)；
For multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B), since multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) are rigidly connected, and And multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B) and first rotating shaft (3) are rigidly connected by spline, therefore, power is transmitted by first rotating shaft (3) Pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) is transmitted to multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B), then by multiplate clutch sliding sleeve (6B)；
Step 3.5, since pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) and the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) engage, power is passed by pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) It is delivered to the gear wheel that reverses gear (9)；
Since the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) and the second shaft (4) are rigidly connected, power is transmitted to second by the gear wheel that reverses gear (9) Shaft (4)；
Step 3.6, it after power is transmitted to the second shaft (4), is transmitted to respectively: gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8), It is big with the rigidly connected differential mechanism output pinion (11) of the second shaft (4) and with the second shaft (4) rigidly connected second gear Gear (10)；
Wherein, when power is transmitted to gear gear wheel band overdrive clutch assembly (8), due to the direction of rotation of the second shaft (4) Direction of rotation when relative to forward gear reversely rotates, so, a gear gear wheel is with the gear in overdrive clutch assembly (8) Gear wheel freewheel clutch (8B) is in lockup state；Therefore, the gear wheel (9) and one that reverses gear keeps off gear wheel (8A) synchronized rotation in the same direction Turn, so, gear pinion gear (5A) that gear gear wheel (8A) driving is engaged with gear gear wheel (8A) is the same as pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) rotating Vortex；Due to pinion gear of reversing gear (6A) diameter less than one gear pinion gear (5A) diameter, so, reverse gear gear wheel (9) diameter is greater than the diameter of gear gear wheel (8A), so, the revolving speed of pinion gear of reversing gear (6A), that is, first rotating shaft (3) Revolving speed be higher than one gear pinion gear (5A) revolving speed, due at this time one gear pinion gear with the gear in overdrive clutch assembly (5) Pinion gear freewheel clutch (5B), which is in, surmounts state, so, first rotating shaft (3) surmounts rotation relative to gear pinion gear (5A) Power interruption；
Concurrently, second gear gear wheel (10) is also the same as the second shaft (4) synchronized rotation in the same direction；Second gear gear wheel (10) drives second gear Pinion gear (7A) rotation；Similarly, since the diameter of second gear gear wheel (10) is less than the diameter for gear wheel (9) of reversing gear, so second gear The diameter of pinion gear (7A) is greater than the diameter for pinion gear (6A) that reverse gear, so the revolving speed of second gear pinion gear (7A) is less than the small tooth that reverses gear The revolving speed of (6A) is taken turns, that is, is less than the revolving speed of first rotating shaft (3), since multiplate clutch (7B) is in discrete state, at this time First rotating shaft (3) surmounts rotary power relative to second gear pinion gear (7A) and interrupts；
Last power is transmitted to differential mechanism output pinion (11) by the second shaft (4), then by differential mechanism output pinion (11) It is transmitted to differential mechanism output gear wheel (12), differential assembly (13) are transmitted to by differential mechanism output gear wheel (12), are completed down The power transmission of gear.
CN201910780255.7A 2019-08-22 2019-08-22 Purely mechanical and automatic integrated parallel shaft transmission and speed changing method Active CN110388423B (en)

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CN110949129B (en) * 2019-12-04 2022-04-22 西南大学 Intelligent self-adaptive automatic speed changing system with transmission sensing function

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