CN110380213B - Antenna array and terminal - Google Patents

Antenna array and terminal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110380213B
CN110380213B CN201910721438.1A CN201910721438A CN110380213B CN 110380213 B CN110380213 B CN 110380213B CN 201910721438 A CN201910721438 A CN 201910721438A CN 110380213 B CN110380213 B CN 110380213B
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slot
radiation
antenna array
antenna
body structure
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CN110380213A (en
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严魁锡
周伟钊
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910721438.1A priority Critical patent/CN110380213B/en
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/098857 priority patent/WO2021022941A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna array and a terminal. The antenna array comprises a plurality of antenna units which are arranged according to a preset mode; wherein the antenna unit includes: a groove body structure with a preset shape; a radiation unit built in the tank body structure; a slot-coupled feed structure, the slot-coupled feed structure comprising: the metal plate is arranged between the bottom of the tank body structure and the radiation unit, and the radiation unit is connected with the metal plate; the feed probe is arranged on the groove bottom of the groove body structure and is connected with the transmission line. In the embodiment of the invention, the radiation unit structure has wider working bandwidth, and the radiation unit is excited by adopting a slot coupling feed mode and the radiation of the slot in the slot coupling feed structure is adopted, so that the broadband design of the antenna array is realized.

Description

Antenna array and terminal
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna array and a terminal.
Background
The main antenna units of the existing antenna module (such as a millimeter wave antenna module): patch antennas (patch antenna), Yagi-Uda antennas (Yagi-Uda) or dipole antennas (dipole antenna), which are relatively difficult to implement with wide bandwidth. Therefore, the working frequency band of the antenna often requires a broadband multi-frequency and broadband coverage form, which brings great challenges to the design of the antenna module, and the mobile roaming experience of the user is also affected due to the inability to meet the broadband design.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna array and a terminal, which aim to solve the problem of narrow antenna bandwidth on the terminal in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an antenna array is provided, which includes a plurality of antenna units arranged in a preset manner; wherein the antenna unit includes:
a groove body structure with a preset shape;
the radiation unit is arranged in the tank body structure and comprises a pair of radiation sheets, and each radiation sheet is of a bent structure with a preset angle;
a slot-coupled feed structure, the slot-coupled feed structure comprising: the metal plate is arranged between the groove bottom of the groove body structure and the radiation unit, and the radiation unit is connected with the metal plate; the metal plate is provided with a gap, and the gap is positioned between the two radiation sheets; set up in the tank bottom of cell body structure with transmission line between the metal sheet and set up in feed probe on the tank bottom of cell body structure, feed probe with the transmission line is connected, the transmission line pass through the gap with the radiating element coupling.
In a second aspect, a terminal is provided, comprising an antenna array as described above.
In the embodiment of the invention, because the radiation unit structure has wider working bandwidth, and the radiation unit is excited by adopting a slot coupling feed mode and the radiation of the slot in the slot coupling feed structure, the broadband design of the antenna array is realized, and the roaming requirement of frequency dimension is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows an exploded view of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the reflection coefficient provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 5 a-5 c illustrate the directivity pattern provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In accordance with an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, an antenna array 100 is provided.
As shown in fig. 1, the antenna array 100 includes a plurality of antenna elements 101 arranged in a predetermined manner. Each antenna element 101 has a certain distance therebetween, which can be determined according to the isolation between the antenna elements 101 and the antenna performance such as the gain and the scanning angle of the antenna array 100.
As shown in fig. 1, an antenna unit 101 in an antenna array 100 includes: the slot-coupled feed structure comprises a slot body structure 1011 with a preset shape, a radiation unit 1021 arranged in the slot body structure 1011, and a slot-coupled feed structure coupled with the radiation unit 1021.
As shown in fig. 2, the radiation unit 1021 includes: a pair of radiation sheets 10211, two radiation sheets 10211 are disposed oppositely to ensure the antenna has a better directional diagram, a wider bandwidth, etc. Each radiating fin 10211 has a bent structure with a predetermined angle, and is generally L-shaped. The two radiation sheets 10211 may be the same size or different sizes, and preferably, the two radiation sheets 10211 are the same size and shape and are symmetrically arranged.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the slot-coupled feeding structure includes: metal plate 1031, transmission line 1032, and feed probe 1033.
The metal plate 1031 is disposed between the bottom of the tank body structure 1011 and the radiation unit 1021, and is connected to the radiation unit 1021. The metal plate 1031 serves as a reflection floor of the radiation unit 1021, i.e., as a ground of the radiation unit 1021. The metal plate 1031 has a slit 10311, and the slit 10311 is located between the two radiation sheets 10211. The transmission line 1032 is disposed between the bottom of the slot structure 1011 and the metal plate 1031. The feed probe 1033 is connected to the transmission line 1032 and is disposed on the tank bottom of the tank body structure 1011. The feeding probe 1033 feeds the energy emitted from the signal source to the transmission line 1032, and the transmission line 1032 is coupled to the radiation unit 1021 through the gap 10311, so as to transmit the energy to the radiation unit 1021, and excite the radiation unit 1021.
In the embodiment of the invention, because the radiation unit structure has wider working bandwidth, and a slot coupling feed mode realized by adopting a slot coupling feed coupling structure in the broadband feed structure is adopted to excite the radiation unit and the radiation of the slot in the slot coupling feed structure, the broadband design of the antenna array is realized, and the roaming requirement of frequency dimension is met.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, the radiation unit 1021 may include two pairs of radiation sheets 10211. When the radiation unit 1021 includes two pairs of radiation pieces 10211, two slits 10311 are correspondingly formed on the metal plate 1031, and the two slits 10311 are disposed between the four radiation pieces 10211 and cross each other. Each slit 10311 corresponds to a pair of radiating plates 10211. Accordingly, the number of transmission lines 1032 is two and the number of feed probes 1033 is two, each transmission line 1032 is connected to one feed probe 1033, and each transmission line 1032 corresponds to one slot 10311. Preferably, the four radiation sheets 10211 are symmetrically arranged two by two.
Alternatively, the predetermined shape of the channel structure described herein may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, or the like. In the embodiment of the invention, the groove structure is in a cuboid shape. Optionally, an included angle between the length direction of the transmission line 1032 and the length direction of the slot 10311 is greater than or equal to a preset angle (the preset angle is greater than 0 °), that is, an included angle between the transmission line 1032 and an orthographic projection of the slot 10311 on the slot bottom is greater than or equal to a preset angle, where the preset angle is an angle that makes the coupling efficiency higher, and preferably, the included angle between the length direction of the transmission line 1032 and the length direction of the slot 10311 is 90 °. Preferably, the middle position of the orthographic projection of the transmission line 1032 on the groove bottom coincides with the middle position of the orthographic projection of the slot 10311 on the groove bottom, so as to achieve better coupling effect. Typically, the transmission line 1032 is a 50 ohm microwave transmission line.
Optionally, the antenna array 100 is a millimeter wave antenna array.
The currently planned 5G millimeter wave band includes n257(26.5-29.5GHz), n258(24.25-27.5GHz), n261(27.5-28.35GHz) frequency bands with 28GHz as the main frequency band, and n260(37.0-40.0GHz) and tentative n259(40.5-43.5GHz) frequency bands with 39GHz as the main frequency band. However, the bandwidth of the millimeter wave antenna in the prior art is narrow, and the current dual-frequency scheme can only cover two frequency bands, namely n260 and n261, and cannot meet the design requirement of broadband, which affects the mobile roaming experience of users.
Since the resonance generated by the radiation unit 1021 of the antenna array 100 provided in the embodiment of the present invention has a broadband characteristic, the bandwidth of the millimeter wave antenna can be improved by applying the structural scheme of the antenna array 100 provided in the embodiment of the present invention to the millimeter wave antenna. As shown in fig. 4, which is a graph of the reflection coefficient of the antenna unit 101 in the embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal axis in the graph represents frequency in GHz; the vertical axis represents the reflection coefficient in dB. The lower right hand corner of the figure is labeled with the frequencies at "1" to "6" and the corresponding reflection coefficients. As can be seen from the figure, the antenna unit 101 can achieve a frequency range of 23GHz to 43.5GHz, and the bandwidth can satisfy the globally mainstream 5G millimeter wave frequency band defined by 3GPP such as n257, n258, n260, n259, n261, and the like, thereby improving the mobile roaming experience of the user.
Optionally, the groove 1011 is made of metal or nonmetal. When the material of the slot 1011 is metal, the slot 1011 is grounded. When the material of this cell body structure 1011 is nonmetal, the inside wall and the tank bottom of cell body structure 1011 all are provided with the metal level, and this metal level ground connection. The groove structure 1011 made of metal or the groove structure 1011 made of non-metal has a metal layer disposed on the bottom thereof as a ground for the feeding probe.
It can be understood that, when the material of the groove body structure 1011 is non-metal, a metal layer may be disposed only on the bottom of the groove body structure 1011 and grounded, and the inner sidewall of the groove body structure 1011 may not be disposed with a metal layer, which may be selected according to actual requirements.
In the embodiment of the present invention, since the slot body structure 1011 is made of metal or the inner sidewall and the slot bottom are provided with metal layers, the slot body structure 1011 can be used as a reflector of the antenna unit 101, so as to improve backward radiation of the radiation unit 1021, and enable the antenna unit 101 to obtain better gain and directional diagram. As shown in fig. 5a to 5c, which are directional diagrams of the antenna unit 101 in the embodiment of the present invention at operating frequencies of 28GHz, 39GHz, and 42GHz, respectively, it can be seen that the antenna unit 101 has better directional diagram characteristics.
Due to the fact that the dielectric constants of the housing, the battery cover and other non-metal materials of the terminal are different, and a plurality of devices (metal or magnetic materials) exist around the antenna module arranged in the terminal, equivalent dielectric constants of the surrounding environment of the antenna module are different, and therefore the resonant frequency of the antenna module is deviated, and the initial resonant requirement cannot be met. And the antenna module is easily affected by peripheral metal devices, such as metal frames, metal back covers, loudspeakers and other metal devices, so that the performance of the antenna is reduced sharply. And the cell body structure 1011 of metal material or inside wall and tank bottom are provided with the cell body structure 1011 of metal level, can also regard as the shielding device of antenna, reduce the interference of device to the antenna body on every side, promote the stability of antenna self.
Optionally, when the inner side wall of the tank body structure 1011 is made of a metal material or provided with a metal layer, the outer edge of the metal plate 1031 can be attached to the inner side wall of the tank body structure 1011, so that a shielding cavity is formed between the metal plate 1031 and the tank body structure 1011, external interference is reduced, and the anti-interference capability is improved.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the radiation sheet 10211 includes: a first radiation portion 102111 parallel to the bottom of the groove body structure 1011 and a second radiation portion 102112 connected to the first radiation portion 102111. The first radiating portion 102111 and the second radiating portion 102112 form a bent structure. The first radiation portions 102111 of the two radiation sheets 10211 extend in opposite directions. The second radiation portions 102112 of the two radiation sheets 10211 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance.
Optionally, the length direction of the slit 10311 on the metal plate 1031 is parallel to the second radiation portion 102112 for better coupling effect.
Optionally, a gap 10311 on the metal plate 1031 is disposed at an intermediate position between the two radiating fins, and the vertical distances from the gap to the two second radiating portions are equal, so as to achieve a better coupling effect.
Preferably, one end of the first radiation portion 102111 is vertically connected to one end of the second radiation portion 102112, and the second radiation portion 102112 is vertical to the bottom of the groove body 1011, so as to achieve better coupling effect.
Preferably, the first radiation part 102111 and the second radiation part 102112 are integrally formed, so that the forming process is simple, the production cost is low, and the integrally formed structure is more stable and the radiation performance is better.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, a first insulating medium 1041 is further disposed in the slot body structure 1011 as a carrier of the radiation unit 1021, and the radiation unit 1021 is embedded in the first insulating medium 1041. Preferably, the first insulating medium 1041 is preferably a low-loss material, such as a dielectric material with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent angle of 0.0009. The smaller the loss tangent angle is, the lower the loss of the dielectric material is, and the more beneficial the antenna loss is to be reduced.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, a second insulating medium 1051 is further disposed in the trough structure 1011 as a carrier of the transmission line 1032, and the transmission line 1032 is embedded in the second insulating medium 1051, specifically, in the middle of the thickness direction of the second insulating medium 1051. Preferably, the second insulating medium 1051 is preferably a low loss material, such as a dielectric material with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009. The smaller the loss tangent angle is, the lower the loss of the dielectric material is, and the more beneficial the antenna loss is to be reduced.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the first insulating medium 1041 and the second insulating medium 1051 may be made of the same material or different materials, and the specific situation may be selected according to actual requirements.
Optionally, the antenna array 100 provided in the embodiment of the present invention may also be applied to wireless communication designs and applications such as Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN), Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), or even Near Field Communication (NFC), wireless charging (WPC), or FM.
In summary, the radiation unit 1021 in the embodiment of the present invention has a wider operating bandwidth, and the radiation of the radiation unit 1021 and the radiation of the slot 10311 in the slot coupling feed structure are excited by using the slot 10311 coupling feed manner implemented by using the slot coupling feed structure in the broadband feed structure, so that the broadband design of the antenna array 100 is implemented, and the roaming requirement of the frequency dimension is satisfied.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a terminal including the antenna array 100 as described above.
Alternatively, the slot structure 1011 is formed on the outer surface of the terminal frame 200, that is, the slot structure 1011 is formed on the terminal frame 200, and the notch of the slot structure 1011 faces the outside of the terminal.
For the terminal, the trend of being light and thin, high frequency, and small in size has been developed, and limited by the size of the space, many electronic devices such as a camera, a microphone, a battery, and a USB are placed in such a narrow space. These components and parts have not only occupied the inner space at terminal, produce great influence to the performance of antenna moreover, and then influence user's wireless experience. Or the whole size of the terminal equipment is sacrificed in order to ensure the space of the antenna, so that the whole market competitiveness of the product is influenced. Especially, the Antenna design scheme of the current mainstream millimeter wave mainly adopts the technology and process of AIP (Antenna in package) to integrate the Antenna structure in one module. In practical application, the antenna module is disposed inside the terminal, so that the antenna module occupies the space of other antennas, resulting in the degradation of antenna performance and affecting the wireless experience of users.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to overcome the above problem, the antenna array 100 is selectively disposed on the frame of the terminal, so that the internal space of the terminal is not occupied, which is beneficial to the miniaturization development of the terminal. As shown in fig. 6, the antenna array 100 may be disposed on any one of the frames indicated by 201 to 204.
Optionally, the frame provided with the slot structure 1011 is a metal frame, and the metal frame is a radiation unit of another antenna in the terminal.
Since the metal frame is already used as the radiation unit 300 of one antenna, and the antenna array of another antenna is disposed thereon, the occupation of space can be further reduced.
As shown in the portion enclosed by the rectangular dotted line in fig. 6, the frame 201, a portion of the frame 202, and a portion of the frame 204 constitute a radiation unit 300 of another antenna (e.g., a 2G/3G/4G antenna). The antenna array 100 in the present application may be disposed on an outer surface of the frame 201 to reduce occupation of a terminal space.
It should be understood that the antenna array 100 in the embodiment of the present invention may also be disposed inside a terminal, such as on a main board, a middle frame, and the like.
In the embodiment of the present invention, because the radiation unit 1021 has a wider operating bandwidth, and the slot 10311 coupling feed manner implemented by using the slot coupling feed structure in the broadband feed structure is used to excite the radiation unit 1021, and the radiation of the slot 10311 in the slot 10311 coupling feed coupling structure is implemented by using the slot 10311 coupling feed manner, the broadband design of the antenna array 100 is implemented, and the roaming requirement of the frequency dimension is met. In addition, the antenna array 100 in the embodiment of the present invention is disposed on the frame of the terminal, so that the occupation of the antenna structure on the internal space of the terminal can be reduced, which is beneficial to the miniaturization development of the terminal.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can communicate with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises the element.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (12)

1. An antenna array is characterized by comprising a plurality of antenna units which are arranged according to a preset mode; wherein the antenna unit includes:
a groove body structure with a preset shape;
the radiation unit is arranged in the tank body structure and comprises a pair of radiation sheets, and each radiation sheet is of a bent structure with a preset angle;
a slot-coupled feed structure, the slot-coupled feed structure comprising: the metal plate is arranged between the groove bottom of the groove body structure and the radiation unit, and the radiation unit is connected with the metal plate; the metal plate is provided with a gap, and the gap is positioned between the two radiation sheets; the transmission line is arranged between the groove bottom of the groove body structure and the metal plate, and the feed probe is arranged on the groove bottom of the groove body structure and is connected with the transmission line, and the transmission line is coupled with the radiation unit through the gap;
the tank body structure is made of metal and is grounded; or
The material of cell body structure is nonmetal, the inside wall and the bottom of cell body structure all are provided with the metal level, the metal level ground connection.
2. An antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the length direction of the transmission line and the length direction of the slot is greater than or equal to a predetermined angle, and the predetermined angle is greater than 0 °.
3. An antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the radiating patch comprises:
the first radiation part is parallel to the groove bottom of the groove body structure;
a second radiation part connected to the first radiation part;
the first radiation part and the second radiation part form a bending structure, and a preset distance is arranged between the two second radiation parts.
4. An antenna array according to claim 3, wherein the length direction of the slot is parallel to the second radiating portion.
5. An antenna array according to claim 4, wherein the slots are equidistant from the two second radiating portions.
6. An antenna array according to claim 3, wherein the first radiating portions of the two radiating patches extend in opposite directions.
7. An antenna array according to claim 1, wherein a first insulating medium is further disposed within the slot structure, and the radiating element is embedded within the first insulating medium.
8. An antenna array according to claim 1, wherein a second insulating medium is further provided within the slot structure, the transmission line being embedded within the second insulating medium.
9. An antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the outer edge of the metal plate is in abutting connection with the inner side wall of the slot body structure.
10. A terminal, characterized in that it comprises an antenna array according to any of claims 1 to 9.
11. A terminal as claimed in claim 10, wherein the slot structure opens onto a rim of the terminal, the slot of the slot structure facing outwards of the terminal.
12. The terminal of claim 11, wherein the frame with the slot structure is a metal frame, and the metal frame is a radiating element of another antenna in the terminal.
CN201910721438.1A 2019-08-06 2019-08-06 Antenna array and terminal Active CN110380213B (en)

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