CN103311653B - Adopt differential feed and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation - Google Patents
Adopt differential feed and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention openly adopts differential feed and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation, comprises the identical but multiple-layered patches antenna that is orthogonal placement back-to-back of a pair structure.Each multiple-layered patches antenna is made up of three layers of dielectric-slab and four layers of circuit.The present invention is used for mobile communication, differential feed structure inhibits the cross-polarized problem of ordinary antennas well, orthogonal placement obtains higher isolation further, adopts multiple-layered patches structure to produce two resonance frequencys be close simultaneously, has wider bandwidth of operation.Cross polarization of the present invention is little, isolation is high, and bandwidth is comparatively large, solve preferably antenna miniaturization and broadband and miniaturized and high isolate between design contradiction, be applicable to the mobile communication scene such as compact repeater and small-power base station, this design has novelty, creativeness and practicality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the antenna in wireless mobile communications field, particularly one is based on differential feed and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation.
Background technology
Antenna receives in wireless communication system and sends electromagnetic energy conversion device, is indispensable part in mobile radio system.Along with the development of wireless mobile telecommunication technology, more and more higher to the requirement of antenna.The research of antenna is just towards multiband, multipolarization, broadband, high isolation, miniaturized future development.Wherein bandwidth of operation and isolation are the important indicators weighing Antenna Operation performance.
For micro-strip paster antenna, common method and the technology of expanding bandwidth of operation at present comprise following several: one is the baseplate material selecting dielectric constant little, and increase substrate thickness; Two is the shapes changing microband paste; Three is adopt feeding technique and impedance match technique; Four is adopt parasitic a period of time technology.
Under the scene of some mobile communication, due to the restriction of volumetric spaces or application scenarios, antenna needs to be close to placement back-to-back, such as when carrying out mobile communication signal to Along Railway and highway and covering, the region covered point-blank, dual-mode antenna adopts the form of placing back-to-back to be conducive to antenna miniaturization, makes antenna structure compact.In addition in the scenes such as ICS repeater, such as road and rail tunnel, skyscraper, airtight warehouse, small library etc., also need antenna to be set to back-to-back form to reduce equipment volume.Now will obtain good receive-transmit isolation is an important technical problem.
In the design process of micro-strip paster antenna, under miniaturization, obtain the difficult point that the wide band antenna of high isolation is research always.And design Problems existing and be: obtaining higher isolation if want, then require the interval of two slave antennas comparatively large, to expect wider frequency band, so just requiring that the height between radiation patch to metal floor is comparatively large, antenna volume can be made like this to become large.And general design can not solve well simultaneously miniaturization and broadband and miniaturized and high isolate between contradiction, can solve the design of above contradiction, antenna volume is larger again.
Summary of the invention
For solve above-mentioned miniaturization and broadband and miniaturized and high isolate between design contradiction, the invention provides and adopt differential feed and multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure is high isolates wide band antenna, concrete technical scheme is as follows.
Adopt differential feed and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation, it is in comprising the identical but multiple-layered patches antenna that is orthogonal placement back-to-back of a pair structure; Each multiple-layered patches antenna includes three layers of FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board and four layers of circuit, comprises ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board dielectric-slab, second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board and third layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board successively from back-to-front; Ground floor circuit in four layers of circuit is the metal floor being printed on ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board bottom surface, second layer circuit is printed on the anti-phase power splitter above ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board, and third layer circuit is printed on ground floor rectangular patch above second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board and rectangle feed metal sheet; Ground floor rectangular patch has the groove parallel with the broadside of ground floor rectangular patch, and rectangle feed metal sheet is positioned at this groove, and leaves gap between rectangle feed metal sheet and ground floor paster; 4th layer of circuit is the second layer rectangular patch be printed on above third layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board, and metal floor and anti-phase power splitter are connected by ground hole, and ground hole is through ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board, the output of anti-phase power splitter is connected by cylindrical feed probes with rectangle feed metal sheet, and cylindrical feed probes is through second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board.
Two secondary multiple-layered patches antenna orthogonal placements back-to-back of the present invention, make the main polarization direction of two secondary multiple-layered patches antennas orthogonal, reduce the impact between receiving terminal and the main polarization signal of transmitting terminal; The half of two arm lengths difference center operating frequency corresponding wavelength of described anti-phase power splitter, two ends export as inversion signal, and form differential feed structure, can suppress cross polarization, above two kinds of technical characteristics all improve the isolation of antenna.Rectangle feed metal sheet and ground floor rectangular patch are printed on the end face of second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board, and have micro gap between them, produce capacitive coupling and inductance coupling high, form series resonant network, provide resonant frequency point.
Further, described groove number is two, respectively near ground floor rectangular patch two broadsides.
Further, the number of described cylindrical feed probes is multiple, and multiple cylindrical feed probes is connected in parallel, and can reduce inductive effect, broadening working band, and multiple cylindrical feed probes divides two rows, often arranges the structure that is centrosymmetric; The resonance limit, narrow limit of ground floor rectangular patch is shorter than the resonance limit, narrow limit of second layer rectangular patch, produces two more close resonant frequency points with this, produces main polarization, reduce cross polarization by the resonance limit, narrow limit of ground floor rectangular patch and second layer rectangular patch; The thickness increasing ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board and second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board can reduce the Q value of antenna, the working band of above three kinds of technical characteristics equal energy broadening antenna.
Ground floor paster of the present invention and second layer paster are rectangle, FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board in interval between them, and the resonance limit, narrow limit of second layer paster is slightly larger than the resonance limit, narrow limit of ground floor paster, to produce two resonance frequencys be close, by increasing parasitic a period of time, broadening working band.
Operation principle of the present invention: signal is by a wherein secondary multiple-layered patches antenna port input, producing two through anti-phase power splitter effect is only the signal that phase place is contrary, form differential feed and suppress cross polarization, by cylindrical feed probes respectively feed be embedded with the ground floor rectangular patch of rectangle feed metal sheet, the first resonance frequency f1 is produced through the inductance in parallel network of gap equivalence and the effect on resonance limit, ground floor rectangular patch narrow limit, because the effect on resonance limit, second layer rectangular patch narrow limit produces the second resonance frequency f2, and f1 and f2 is close, between form coupling effect, thus extend bandwidth of operation.
Identical signal is orthogonal just in time with an other secondary multiple-layered patches antenna of the main polarization direction of electromagnetic wave that produces of a secondary multiple-layered patches antenna wherein, reduce influencing each other between both main polarization signals, and the back lobe of multiple-layered patches antenna is less, places back-to-back and further increase receive-transmit isolation.
Compared with prior art, the employing differential feed of invention and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation, have following beneficial effect:
1. adopt differential feed mode to suppress cross polarization, improve the receive-transmit isolation of antenna;
2. the broadening working band when antenna height is limited;
3. antenna structure is compact, and volume is miniaturized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereochemical structure layering schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention multiple-layered patches antenna;
Fig. 2 is the perspective view figure of embodiment of the present invention multiple-layered patches antenna;
Fig. 3 is the anti-phase power splitter schematic top plan view of second layer circuit of embodiment of the present invention multiple-layered patches antenna;
Fig. 4 is the third layer circuit ground floor rectangular patch end view of embodiment of the present invention multiple-layered patches antenna;
Fig. 5 is the third layer circuit ground floor rectangular patch schematic top plan view of embodiment of the present invention multiple-layered patches antenna;
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view that the second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board of embodiment of the present invention multiple-layered patches antenna crosses cylindrical feed probes central shaft;
Fig. 7 is the schematic side view of embodiment of the present invention multiple-layered patches antenna;
Fig. 8 is the schematic top plan view of embodiment of the present invention multiple-layered patches antenna ground floor rectangular patch and second layer rectangular patch;
Fig. 9 is the overall schematic side view of the embodiment of the present invention, and upper 01 and lower 02 represents multiple-layered patches antenna respectively;
Figure 10 is the isolation S21-frequency simulation result figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the voltage standing wave ratio VSWR-frequency simulation result figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the directional diagram of embodiment of the present invention multiple-layered patches antenna under 920MHz during Phi=0deg;
Figure 13 is the directional diagram of embodiment of the present invention multiple-layered patches antenna under 920MHz during Phi=90deg.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, carry out clear, detailed description to the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention adopts, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment in the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, other embodiments that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the prerequisite not making creative work, all belong to the protection range of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiments provide a kind of differential feed and multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height of adopting and isolate wide band antenna.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, adopt differential feed and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation, it comprises the identical but multiple-layered patches antenna that is orthogonal placement back-to-back of a pair structure; Each multiple-layered patches antenna includes three layers of FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board and four layers of circuit, comprises ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3, second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 5 and third layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 9 successively from back-to-front; Ground floor circuit in four layers of circuit is the metal floor 1 being printed on ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3 bottom surface, second layer circuit is printed on the anti-phase power splitter 4 above ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3, and third layer circuit is printed on ground floor rectangular patch 8 above second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 5 and rectangle feed metal sheet 7; Ground floor rectangular patch 8 has the groove parallel with the broadside of ground floor rectangular patch 8, and rectangle feed metal sheet 7 is positioned at this groove, and leaves gap between rectangle feed metal sheet 7 and ground floor paster 8; 4th layer of circuit is the second layer rectangular patch 10 be printed on above third layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 9, and metal floor 1 and anti-phase power splitter 4 are connected by ground hole 2, and ground hole 2 is through ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3, the output of anti-phase power splitter 4 is connected by cylindrical feed probes 6 with rectangle feed metal sheet 7, and cylindrical feed probes 6 passes second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 5(as Fig. 6).
As Fig. 9, the present embodiment includes one-to-many laminating chip antenna (01 and 02) and metal fixed housing.Wherein metal shell is rectangular structure, does not have end face and bottom surface, described this to multiple-layered patches antenna (01 and 02 top and the bottom laying respectively at metal shell.And this is consistent to multiple-layered patches antenna structure, orthogonal bottom and the top being positioned over metal shell back-to-back.
Spacing between one-to-many laminating chip antenna (01 and 02) and the size of metal fixed housing are limited by actual requirement of engineering, the embodiment of the present invention gives under centre frequency is 930MHz, and spacing is between the two 35mm, the long 194mm of metal fixed housing, wide 159mm, high 60mm.Overall dimensions of the present invention is not unique, and concrete size is arranged according to Practical Project demand.
With reference to Fig. 7, multiple-layered patches antenna comprises three layers of dielectric-slab and four layers of circuit.
Three layers of dielectric-slab comprise ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3, second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 5 and third layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 9.
Four layers of circuit comprise metal floor 1, anti-phase power splitter 4, rectangle feed metal sheet 7, ground floor rectangular patch 8 and second layer rectangular patch 10.
Wherein metal floor 1 is printed and is covered in the bottom of ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3, and ground hole 2 adopts metallization via hole technology, runs through ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3, connection metal floor 1 and anti-phase power splitter 4.Wherein ground hole 2 is centrosymmetric, and number is followed the example of not unique.Accompanying drawing 4 embodiment just gives the situation of getting 1 row 5 signal.
With reference to Fig. 3, anti-phase power splitter 4 is printed on ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3 for microstrip line construction.Wherein rectangular sheet 401 ground connection, port 402 is input, the quarter-wave L1 that the rectangular microstrip two-arm (403 and 404) that input connects is corresponding operating frequency; Rectangular microstrip 1(405 and 406) length L2 than rectangular microstrip 2(407 and 408) 1/2nd wavelength L4 of the short corresponding operating frequency of length L3, make the inversion signal exporting phase 180 degree at T-shaped feed end (409 and 410), this differential configuration is conducive to suppressing orthogonal polarization, improves isolation.Wherein L1, L2, L3 and L4 are all for center operating frequency, and they all change with the change of center operating frequency.
With reference to Fig. 5, the multiple cylindrical feed probes in intermediate layer 6 points of two rows, often row is centrosymmetric, and number is followed the example of not unique.Denote 3 in schematic diagram, it adopts metallization via hole technology, through second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 5, is connected to T-shaped feed end (409 and 410) and the rectangle feed metal sheet 7 of anti-phase power splitter 4.The number of above-mentioned cylindrical feed probes 6 is followed the example of not unique, and its essential object is to form multiple inductance in parallel, reduces inductive effect, broadening working band.
As Fig. 5, rectangle feed metal sheet (701,702) and ground floor rectangular patch 8 are all printed on the top of second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 5.Center operating frequency is given when 930MHz in embodiment, in ground floor rectangular patch 8 broadside stage casing, and distance broadside 1.5mm place has length for the wide groove for 4mm of 50.4mm, rectangle feed metal sheet 7 puts into the groove of ground floor rectangular patch 8, between have micro gap (801 and 802), be coupled by capacitor and inductor effect.Be limited to engineering requirements and machining accuracy, above-mentioned gap value can be different.Give center operating frequency in embodiment when 930MHz, micro gap 801 is 0.7mm, and 802 is 0.2mm.
For most top layer, second layer rectangular patch 10 is printed on third layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 9 top.
The schematic side view of composition graphs 7 multiple-layered patches antenna, the thickness of three layers of FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board has significant difference.Wherein the thickness of ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3 is minimum, and the thickness of second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 5 takes second place, and third layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 9 is maximum.Provide operating center frequency in embodiments of the present invention when 930MHz, the thickness of ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3 is 1.6 mm, the thickness of second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 5 is the thickness of 3.2mm, third layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 9 is 6.4mm.
In a particular embodiment, the thickness adjustable of three layers of FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board, generally in order to obtain larger bandwidth of operation, increase the thickness of ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 3 and second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board 5, namely increase the distance of ground floor rectangular patch 8 to metal floor 1, to fall low reactance-resistance ratio.
The embodiment of the present invention, by increasing the thickness of FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board and the method that increase feed probes number is combined, obtains larger frequency band.In reality is implemented, antenna volume can be limited in most cases, at this moment by above-mentioned two kinds of methods combining, increase feed number, distance between corresponding reduction dielectric-slab thickness and two secondary multiple-layered patches antennas, offsets the impact of limiting factor (s), thus designs miniature antenna.
With reference to Fig. 8, the resonance limit, narrow limit of ground floor rectangular patch 8 is shorter than the resonance limit, narrow limit of second layer rectangular patch 10, but length is close, and produces two more close resonant frequency points, by increasing parasitic a period of time, broadening bandwidth of operation with this.Wherein the narrow limit of rectangular patch is resonance limit.Provide operating center frequency in embodiment when 930MHz, the resonance limit of ground floor rectangular patch 8 is 67mm, and the resonance limit of second layer rectangular patch 10 is 69mm, and the resonance limit of second layer rectangular patch 10 is than the resonance length of side 2mm of ground floor rectangular patch 8.
Concrete engineering can adjust the length on ground floor rectangular patch and resonance limit, second layer rectangular patch narrow limit in implementing according to job requirement, thus changes the frequency of resonance point.
The embodiment that the present invention obtains by above specification machining, with reference to Figure 10 isolation S21-frequency diagram, draw according to simulation result, when frequency of heart is 930MHz at work, obtaining overall receive-transmit isolation S21 is 72.5db, inhibits cross-polarized impact well.
With reference to Figure 11 voltage standing wave ratio VSWR-frequency diagram, draw according to simulation result, with voltage standing wave ratio VSWR1.4 for the upper limit (return loss of its correspondence is about 15db), the bandwidth of the embodiment of the present invention is close to 100MHz, and the beamwidth of antenna is larger.
With reference to Figure 12, the directional diagram of multiple-layered patches antenna under 920MHz during Phi=0deg, main polarization maximum 35db larger than cross polarization maximum; With reference to Figure 13, the directional diagram of multiple-layered patches antenna under 920MHz during Phi=90deg, main polarization maximum 35db larger than cross polarization maximum, this illustrates that multiple-layered patches antenna inhibits cross-polarized impact well.
The overall size of embodiment that the present invention obtains by above specification machining is 194mm*159mm*60mm, and wherein bottom surface is 194mm*159mm, and thickness is 60mm.
In sum, the cross polarization of the STRUCTURE DEPRESSION of new antenna proposed by the invention, improves the isolation of antenna.Also multiple-layered patches structure is adopted while the good isolation of acquisition, parasitic patch is utilized to produce multiple resonance frequency with broadening working band, also by increasing dielectric-slab thickness, low reactance-resistance ratio can fall simultaneously, obtain larger working band, and the present invention is conducive to the miniaturization of antenna, make antenna structure compact.
Embodiment provided by the invention is mainly used in wireless mobile communications field, can be applicable to all kinds of radio communication sending and receiving receiving unit (as ICS repeater, micropower base station) in, be specially adapted to the scene such as compact repeater and small-power base station, specifically for highway and railway tunnel, skyscraper, airtight warehouse, the places such as small library.Above-mentioned single multiple-layered patches antenna can be reception antenna, also can be transmitting antenna, and a pair above-mentioned multiple-layered patches antenna can be configured for the reception and the emitter that improve indoor radio signal repeater.Except GSM, this technology also can be used in other frequency ranges and other system.
Be more than to the present invention a kind of adopt differential configuration and the wide band new antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation the detailed introduction of embodiment is provided.Used specific case to set forth principle of the present invention and execution mode herein, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.
For one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, army will change in specific embodiments and applications, and to sum up, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. adopt differential feed and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation, it is characterized in that comprising the identical but multiple-layered patches antenna that is orthogonal placement back-to-back of a pair structure; Each multiple-layered patches antenna includes three layers of FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board and four layers of circuit, comprises ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board (3), second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board (5) and third layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board (9) successively from back-to-front; Ground floor circuit in four layers of circuit is the metal floor (1) being printed on ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board (3) bottom surface, second layer circuit is the anti-phase power splitter (4) be printed on above ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board (3), and third layer circuit is printed on ground floor rectangular patch (8) above second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board (5) and rectangle feed metal sheet (7); Ground floor rectangular patch (8) has the groove parallel with the broadside of ground floor rectangular patch (8), and rectangle feed metal sheet (7) is positioned at this groove, and leaves gap between rectangle feed metal sheet (7) and ground floor paster (8); 4th layer of circuit is the second layer rectangular patch (10) be printed on above third layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board (9), and metal floor (1) and anti-phase power splitter (4) are connected by ground hole (2), and ground hole (2) is through ground floor FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board (3), the output of anti-phase power splitter (4) is connected by cylindrical feed probes (6) with rectangle feed metal sheet (7), and cylindrical feed probes (6) is through second layer FR4 epoxy glass cloth laminated board (5).
2. employing differential feed according to claim 1 and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation, it is characterized in that the number of the described groove that ground floor rectangular patch (8) has is two, respectively near ground floor rectangular patch (8) two broadsides.
3. employing differential feed according to claim 1 and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation, it is characterized in that the half of two arm lengths difference center operating frequency corresponding wavelength of described anti-phase power splitter (4), two ends export as inversion signal, form differential feed structure.
4. adopt differential feed and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation according to claim 1, the number that it is characterized in that described cylindrical feed probes (6) is multiple, multiple cylindrical feed probes (6) is connected in parallel, multiple cylindrical feed probes (6) point two rows, often arrange the structure that is centrosymmetric; The resonance limit, narrow limit of ground floor rectangular patch (8) is shorter than the resonance limit, narrow limit of second layer rectangular patch (10).
5. adopt differential feed and the wide band antenna of multiple-layered patches miniaturized structure height isolation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that ground floor paster and second layer paster are rectangle.
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| CN108808233B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2024-01-30 | 中天宽带技术有限公司 | High-gain broadband dual-polarized patch antenna |
| CN110380213B (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2021-09-03 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Antenna array and terminal |
| CN111029759A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-17 | 南京理工大学 | SIW parallel feed array antenna with low cross polarization |
| CN113097745B (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2022-11-29 | 电子科技大学 | Wide-beam parasitic pixel layer antenna for one-dimensional large-angle scanning |
| CN114204256B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-12-13 | 广东工业大学 | Broadband high-isolation patch antenna applied in full duplex and wireless communication equipment |
| CN116722363B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-10-20 | 成都天成电科科技有限公司 | Composite structure broadband phased array antenna unit and antenna |
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