CN110376244A - A kind of heat conductivity measuring device - Google Patents
A kind of heat conductivity measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110376244A CN110376244A CN201910768850.9A CN201910768850A CN110376244A CN 110376244 A CN110376244 A CN 110376244A CN 201910768850 A CN201910768850 A CN 201910768850A CN 110376244 A CN110376244 A CN 110376244A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/18—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating thermal conductivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heat conductivity measuring devices, comprising: the first measuring unit includes the first center heating column and the first measurement column；First center heating column is equipped with first-class body cavity, heat source fluid import and heat source fluid outlet, and first-class body cavity is connected with heat source fluid import and heat source fluid outlet respectively；First center heating column is connect with the first measurement column；Second measuring unit includes the second center heating column and the second measurement column；Second center heating column is equipped with second body cavity, cold source fluid inlet and cold source fluid outlet, and second body cavity is connect with cold source fluid inlet and cold source fluid outlet respectively；Second center heating column is connect with the second measurement column；For placing test sample between the top of second measurement column and the bottom of the first measurement column, and the first measurement column and the second measurement column are equipped with temperature collecting cell.Heat conductivity measuring device of the invention provides uniform constant hot-fluid for measuring device, improves the measurement accuracy of thermal coefficient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of measuring technique, more particularly, to a kind of heat conductivity measuring device.
Background technique
Its internal temperature needs to maintain a metastable range in the fuel cell pile course of work, just can guarantee
It is operated normally.Therefore the heat conduction and heat radiation ability of pile play the role of to the overall performance of pile it is very important.For its of pile
Heat conduction and heat radiation ability, it is necessary to which the thermal coefficient of pile internal component, especially bipolar plates and carbon paper is measured.Commonly
Thermal conductivity measurement method is based on Fourier heat equation, which is calculated thermally conductive by rate of temperature change and cross-sectional area
Coefficient.At present usually using the thermal coefficient of steady state method measurement material, but steady state method measures existing defect and has: being difficult to sample
Product provide uniform and stable hot-fluid, and measurement error is made to become larger, including axial heat flux distribution is uneven, test section outwardly heat loss
Seriously, the problems such as heat source hot-fluid is unstable uniform；The influence of thermal contact resistance can not rule out；Pressure concentrates on one when applying pressure
Point, is easy to cause pressure to be unevenly distributed, and influences measurement accuracy, while pressure concentrates on a lesser point, is easy to make system
It is unstable, increase measurement error and security risk；Temperature measuring point distribution is not scientific, can not accurately obtain the practical temperature of sample surfaces
Degree；The Cooling and Heat Source temperature difference is small, and the error due to caused by accuracy of instrument is caused to increase；Sample temperature is much higher than room temperature simultaneously, and sample is led
External heat loss is big at sample when hot coefficient and close heat-insulating material thermal coefficient, causes hot-fluid uneven, systematic error increases
Greatly.Therefore, it needs to propose the measurement accuracy that a kind of method can be improved thermal coefficient.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of heat conductivity measuring devices of measurement accuracy that can be improved thermal coefficient.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of heat conductivity measuring devices, comprising: the first measuring unit,
First measuring unit includes the first center heating column and the first measurement column；First center heating column is equipped with first-class
Body cavity, heat source fluid import and heat source fluid outlet, the first-class body cavity respectively with the heat source fluid import and heat source stream
Body outlet connection；First center heating column is connect with first measurement column；Second measuring unit, second measurement are single
Member includes the second center heating column and the second measurement column；Second center heating column is equipped with second body cavity, cold source fluid
Import and cold source fluid outlet, the second body cavity are connect with the cold source fluid inlet and cold source fluid outlet respectively；Institute
The second center heating column is stated to connect with second measurement column；First measuring unit is located at the upper of second measuring unit
Side, for placing test sample, and described first between the top of second measurement column and the bottom of first measurement column
Measurement column and the second measurement column are equipped with temperature collecting cell.
Preferably, the heat conductivity measuring device further comprises pressure application and device fixed cell, the pressure
Apply and device fixed cell is connect with first measuring unit and the second measuring unit respectively.
Preferably, the heat conductivity measuring device further comprises: first measuring unit further includes the first insulation
Top cover, first adiabatic top cover are arranged in the top of first center heating column, and first adiabatic top cover is equipped with the
One clamp are applied with the pressure by first clamp and device fixed cell are connect；Second measuring unit is also wrapped
The second adiabatic top cover is included, the bottom of second center heating column, second insulation top is arranged in second adiabatic top cover
Lid applies with the pressure and device fixed cell is connect.
Preferably, pressure applies and device fixed cell includes the first support plate, the second support plate and support stand, described
First support plate is connect with the support stand and the first adiabatic top cover respectively；Second support plate respectively with the supporting table
Frame and the connection of the second adiabatic top cover；First support plate is equipped with rotation stud, pressure test unit and rotational handle.
Preferably, the heat conductivity measuring device further comprises: insulating unit, and the insulating unit is arranged described
The outside of first measuring unit and second measuring unit.
Preferably, the insulating unit includes inner insulating layer and outer thermal insulation layer, and the inner insulating layer cladding described first is surveyed
Measure column and the second measurement column；The outer thermal insulation layer coats the inner insulating layer, the first center heating column and the second center heating column.
Preferably, first-class body cavity and second body cavity are annular housing.
Preferably, the diameter of first center heating column is greater than the diameter of first measurement column, second center
The diameter of heating column is greater than the diameter of second measurement column.
Preferably, the heat source fluid import is located at below the heat source fluid outlet；The cold source fluid inlet is set
In the upper surface of described cold source fluid outlet.
Preferably, multiple temperature collecting cells are set on first measurement column, wherein 1 temperature collecting cell setting exists
It is abutted against the position of the sample on first measurement column；Multiple temperature collecting cells are set on second measurement column, wherein 1 temperature
Degree acquisition unit is placed on the position for being abutted against the sample on the second measurement column.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: heat conductivity measuring device of the invention passes through cold source fluid and heat source fluid two
Kind constant temperature fluid simultaneously heats test sample, uniform constant hot-fluid is provided for measuring device, so that since hot-fluid is uneven
Caused by measurement error fall below it is minimum, while cold source fluid make cold junction temperature be reduced to 0 DEG C it is even lower, expand temperature
Measurement can be fully ensured that so that the temperature near room temperature of test sample, reduces heat loss to greatest extent by spending distribution
As a result it is not influenced by hot-fluid loss, reduces measurement error, improve the measurement accuracy of thermal coefficient.
Multiple pressures that heat conductivity measuring device of the invention passes through the pressurization stud and pressure test unit of larger size
Power tests sensor, and dispersion pressure transmits point, not only realizes the measurement of sample thermal coefficient under different pressures state, also can
By the pressure sensor monitoring each position force-bearing situation of multiple and different positions, guarantee that test sample can be by pressure more evenly
Power keeps measurement result more accurate.
Heat conductivity measuring device of the invention ensure that temperature is closer by the temperature acquisition measurement point distribution of optimization
In true value, guarantee the accuracy of result.
System of the invention has other characteristics and advantages, these characteristics and advantages from the attached drawing being incorporated herein and with
Will be apparent in specific embodiment afterwards, or by the attached drawing and subsequent specific embodiment being incorporated herein into
Row statement, these the drawings and specific embodiments in detail are used together to explain specific principle of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is of the invention above-mentioned and its
Its purpose, feature and advantage will be apparent.Wherein, in exemplary embodiment of the invention, identical appended drawing reference
Typically represent same parts.
Fig. 1 shows the structure connection figure of heat conductivity measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows the explosion views of heat conductivity measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
The portion temperature acquisition unit that Fig. 3 shows heat conductivity measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention is led
Line wiring diagram.
Fig. 4 shows the CFD analog result figure of heat conductivity measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of symbols
1, the first center heating column；11, heat source fluid import；12, heat source fluid exports；13, first-class body cavity；15,
One adiabatic top cover；2, the first measurement column；20, inner insulating layer；21, outer thermal insulation layer；22, heat-insulated layer interface；3, the second center is thermally conductive
Column；31, cold source fluid inlet；32, cold source fluid outlet；33, second body cavity；4, the second measurement column；6, temperature collecting cell；
61, thermocouple sensor conducting wire；7, the first support plate；71, pressure test unit；72, stud is rotated；73, rotational handle；8,
Two support plates；9, support stand.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment that the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although being shown in attached drawing of the invention
Preferred embodiment, however, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the present invention without should be by embodiments set forth herein institute
Limitation.On the contrary, thesing embodiments are provided so that the present invention is more thorough and complete, and can be by the scope of the present invention
Completely it is communicated to those skilled in the art.
The present invention provides a kind of heat conductivity measuring devices, comprising: the first measuring unit, the first measuring unit include the
One center heating column and the first measurement column；First center heating column is equipped with first-class body cavity, heat source fluid import and heat source stream
Body outlet, first-class body cavity are connected with heat source fluid import and heat source fluid outlet respectively；First center heating column and first is surveyed
Measure column connection；Second measuring unit, the second measuring unit include the second center heating column and the second measurement column；Second center is thermally conductive
Column be equipped with second body cavity, cold source fluid inlet and cold source fluid outlet, second body cavity respectively with cold source fluid inlet and
The connection of cold source fluid outlet；Second center heating column is connect with the second measurement column；First measuring unit is located at the second measuring unit
Top, for placing test sample between the top of the second measurement column and the bottom of the first measurement column, and the first measurement column and
Second measurement column is equipped with temperature collecting cell.
Specifically, the constant temperature heat source fluid provided by thermostat enters the by the heat source fluid import of the first center heating column
In one fluid cavity, thermostat is flow back by the heat source fluid outlet of the first center heating column.The constant temperature cold source provided by thermostat
Fluid is entered that second fluid is intracavitary by the cold source fluid inlet of the second center heating column, by the cold source fluid of the second center heating column
Outlet flows back into thermostat.What the first center heating column and the first measurement column were integrally formed, avoid first-class body cavity and first
Thermal contact resistance between measurement column.What the second center heating column and the second measurement column were integrally formed, avoid second body cavity and
Thermal contact resistance between second measurement column.First center heating column and the second center heating column are symmetrically placed, the first measurement column and
Test sample is placed in clamping between second measurement, and test sample requires diameter identical as measurement column.When have heat source fluid flow into and
When cold source fluid flows into, first-class body cavity gives the heat transfer of the constant temperature heat source of fluid to the first center heating column, the first center
Heating column transfers heat to the first measurement column again, and then is transferred to test sample, and second body cavity is by the constant temperature cold source of fluid
Heat transfer give the second center heating column, the second center heating column transfers heat to the second measurement column again, and then is transferred to
Test sample is embodied as measuring device with this and provides uniform constant hot-fluid.Temperature collecting cell setting in the first measurement column and
On second measurement column, the temperature of the first measurement column and the second measurement column multiple spot is acquired, and then use Fourier heat equation meter
Calculate the thermal coefficient of test sample.
Pass through two kinds of constant temperature of cold source fluid and heat source fluid according to the heat conductivity measuring device of illustrative embodiment
Fluid forms the constant temperature difference in sample two sides, provides uniform constant hot-fluid for measuring device, passes through reasonable cold and hot source temperature
Setting and inside and outside two layers strict heat insulation layer, it is ensured that it is uniform constant by the hot-fluid of sample, so that being led since hot-fluid is uneven
The measurement error of cause falls below minimum, while cold source is cooled down using constant temperature cold fluid so that cold junction temperature be reduced to 0 DEG C very
To lower, temperature distribution range is expanded, on the one hand realizes the bigger temperature difference to reduce the systematic error of temperature measurement, on the other hand
So that the temperature near room temperature of test sample, reduces heat loss to greatest extent, it can fully ensure that measurement result is not heated
The influence of loss is flowed, reduces measurement error, improves the measurement accuracy of thermal coefficient.
Preferably, heat conductivity measuring device further comprises that pressure applies and device fixed cell, pressure are applied
Add and device fixed cell is connect with the first measuring unit and the second measuring unit respectively.
Preferably, heat conductivity measuring device further comprises: the first measuring unit further includes the first insulation top
The top of the first center heating column is arranged in lid, the first adiabatic top cover, and the first adiabatic top cover is equipped with the first clamp, passes through first
Clamp apply with pressure and device fixed cell is connect；Second measuring unit further includes the second adiabatic top cover, the second adiabatic top cover
The bottom of second center heating column is set, and the second adiabatic top cover applies with pressure and device fixed cell is connect.
Specifically, the first adiabatic top cover is connected by the intermediate position of connecting stud and the first center heating column, first absolutely
The top of hot top cover and the first center heating column is equipped with sealing ring, and the first adiabatic top cover is equipped with the first clamp, passes through the first card
Pincers apply with pressure and device fixed cell is connect；Second adiabatic top cover passes through the centre of connecting stud and the second center heating column
The top of position connection, the second adiabatic top cover and the second center heating column is equipped with sealing ring, and the second adiabatic top cover and pressure apply
And device fixed cell connection.
Preferably, pressure applies and device fixed cell includes the first support plate, the second support plate and supporting table
Frame, the first support plate are connect with support stand and the first adiabatic top cover respectively；Second support plate respectively with support stand and second
Adiabatic top cover connection；First support plate is equipped with rotation stud, pressure test unit and rotational handle.
Specifically, the first clamp apply with pressure and the first support plate of device fixed cell is connect, the second clamp and pressure
Power applies and the connection of the second support plate of device fixed cell, support stand are connect with the first support plate and the second support plate.The
One support plate is equipped with rotation stud, pressure test unit and rotational handle.Rotate stud diameter and the first adiabatic top cover diameter
Identical, length 10cm or so carries out the fixation in horizontal direction by the clamp in the first insulation adiabatic top cover.By rotating spiral shell
Column can provide the first measuring unit the pressure of uniform, controllable, and pressure test unit is equipped with 7 pressure sensors, 7 pressure
Sensor reads pressure value and guarantees pressure stable homogeneous.
It is surveyed according to the heat conductivity measuring device of illustrative embodiment by the pressurization stud and pressure of larger size
Multiple pressure test sensors of unit are tried, dispersion pressure transmits point, guarantees that test sample can be made to survey by pressure more evenly
It is more accurate to measure result.
In one example, if by stud, pressure sensor and support stand are replaced with and the connection on universal testing machine
Part can apply bigger pressure to sample, meet higher requirement.
Preferably, heat conductivity measuring device further comprises: insulating unit, and insulating unit setting is surveyed first
Measure the outside of unit and the second measuring unit.
Preferably, insulating unit includes inner insulating layer and outer thermal insulation layer, inner insulating layer coat the first measurement column and
Second measurement column；Outer thermal insulation layer cladding inner insulating layer, the first center heating column and the second center heating column.
Specifically, inner insulating layer coats the first measurement column and the second measurement column, outer thermal insulation layer cladding inner insulating layer, in first
Heart heating column and the second center heating column.Thermal insulation layer uses foam heat insulating material, and there are only supply on thermal insulation layer
Accommodate the aperture that thermocouple sensor conducting wire passes through.It prevent completely the first measurement column and the second measurement column to the external world by separation layer
Heat loss guarantees the hot-fluid stable homogeneous for passing through sample, guarantees testing precision.
Preferably, first-class body cavity and second body cavity are annular housing.
Preferably, the diameter of the first center heating column is greater than the diameter of the first measurement column, the second center heating column
Diameter be greater than the second measurement column diameter.
Specifically, the diameter of the first center heating column be slightly larger than the first measurement column diameter, the second center heating column it is straight
Diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the second measurement column.What first-class body cavity, the first center heating column and the first measurement column were formed as one, it keeps away
Exempt between first-class body cavity and the first measurement column there are non-uniform thermal contact resistance, and then improves measurement accuracy.First measurement column
Top surface connect with the bottom surface of the first center heating column, and the diameter of the first center heating column be greater than the first measurement column diameter.
What second body cavity, the second center heating column and the second measurement column were formed as one, avoid second body cavity and
There are non-uniform thermal contact resistances between two measurement columns, and then improve measurement accuracy.The bottom surface of second measurement column and the second center
The top surface of heating column connects, and the diameter of the second center heating column is greater than the diameter of the second measurement column.
Preferably, heat source fluid import is located at below heat source fluid outlet；Cold source fluid inlet is located at cold source
The upper surface of fluid outlet.
Specifically, setting heat source fluid import is located at below heat source fluid outlet, cold source by theory analysis and experiment
Fluid inlet is located at the upper surface of cold source fluid outlet.After heat source fluid enters fluid cavity, so that the fluid liquid that first fluid is intracavitary
Face increases, and exports and overflows from heat source fluid after reaching a certain height.After cold source fluid enters fluid cavity, so that second fluid is intracavitary
Fluid level increase, after reaching a certain height from cold source fluid outlet overflow, provide uniform constant hot-fluid for measuring device.
Preferably, multiple temperature collecting cells are set on the first measurement column, wherein 1 temperature collecting cell setting
It is abutted against the position of sample on the first measurement column；Multiple temperature collecting cells are set on the second measurement column, wherein 1 temperature acquisition
Unit is placed on the position for being abutted against sample on the second measurement column.
Between first measurement column and the second measurement column and clamping sample, hot-fluid flow to the second measurement column from the first measurement column.
Due to one dimensional heat transfer, heat flow density is equal everywhere.According to Fourier Heat Conduction law, can obtain:
Wherein, Q is the hot-fluid for reaching cold source through sample from heat source, THFor equal constant-heat source temperature, TLFor equal permanent sink temperature,
ΔTMThe temperature difference for two neighboring temperature measuring point on the first measurement column is poor, kMFor the hot coefficient that the first measurement column is led, LMIt is two neighboring
The distance of temperature measuring point, Δ Ts are the temperature difference of sample upper surface and lower surface, and ks is sample thermal coefficient, and Ls is sample thickness, A
For the area of section of sample and measurement column.
Hot-fluid is one-dimensional transmitting, the external heat dissipation of no radial direction to Q thus.As it is insulated with the external world.
By above formula, you can get it sample thermal conductivity coefficient ks.
The purpose that multiple temperature measuring points are arranged is error in order to reduce hot-fluid Q；It is non-that two distance sample upper and lower surfaces are set
The purpose of two often close temperature measuring points is for the temperature of acquisition sample upper and lower surface reported as precisely as possible.Because of the two thermometrics
Point, really there is also at a distance from small, simply can not calculate sample for its temperature etc. is all sample upper and lower surface temperature with sample
This temperature difference should be corrected by heat flow and measurement point away from the distance of sample.If about 2 can be generated without correction after actual measurement
~4% systematic error.
Specifically, temperature collecting cell uses thermocouple sensor, the measurement part of thermocouple sensor is deep into first
At the inside center of measurement column and the second measurement column, heat conductivity measuring device passes through the temperature acquisition measurement point distribution of optimization,
It ensure that temperature closer to true value, guarantees the accuracy of result.3 thermocouple sensors are set on the first measurement column, point
Not Wei the first thermocouple sensor, the second thermocouple sensor and third thermocouple sensor, 3 heat are set on the second measurement column
Thermocouple sensor, respectively the 4th thermocouple sensor, the 5th thermocouple sensor and the 6th thermocouple sensor, third thermoelectricity
Even sensor is disposed on the first measurement column the position at 1~2mm of sample, and the 4th thermocouple sensor is disposed in the
Position on two measurement columns at 1~2mm of sample, it is therefore an objective to accurately obtain the temperature of sample upper and lower surface as far as possible.Experiment
When stable homogeneous hot-fluid from top to bottom pass through test sample, by thermocouple sensor read each measuring point temperature, pass through Fu
In the leaf law thermal resistance (=thermal contact resistance+material thermal resistance) that you can get it at this time.
According to Fourier Heat Conduction law, the relationship of thermal resistance and thermal coefficient are as follows:
In formula, Q is the hot-fluid for reaching cold source through sample from heat source, T2For heat source temperature, T1For sink temperature, Δ x is thermally conductive
Distance/thickness of sample, K are sample thermal coefficient, and A is example cross section product, and Rth is sample thermal resistance.
Since the surface of solids is constantly present certain roughness, therefore contact heat is certainly existed at the interface of two solid heat transfers
Resistance.Therefore, the calculating thermal resistance obtained in preceding formula (2) actually includes two parts: the thermal contact resistance and sample of sample and measurement column
The practical thermal resistance of product itself.It is Rth that thermal resistance is calculated in design, and the practical thermal resistance of sample is Rs, and thermal contact resistance Rc, thickness of sample is Δ x,
When thickness of sample is Δ x, Rth=2Rc+Rs
When thickness of sample is 2 Δ x, Rth=2Rc+2Rs
When thickness of sample is 3 Δ x, Rth=2Rc+3Rs
……
When thickness of sample is n Δ x, Rth=2Rc+nRs
The Rth value under different-thickness is measured, n-Rth linear regression line is made, the slope of this line is the true heat of sample
Rs is hindered, intercept is the thermal contact resistance of sample and measurement column.Therefore by the sample of measurement different-thickness, may be implemented to exclude contact heat
The influence of resistance.
Specifically, being passed through constant temperature heat source fluid by thermostat heat source fluid inlet respectively, Xiang Lengyuan fluid inlet is passed through
Constant temperature cold source fluid, makes heat source/cold source keep certain temperature difference.It will be identical with the first measurement column, the second measurement column diameter
Sample is clamped between the first measurement column and the second measurement column, tightens rotation stud to apply required pressure to the first measuring unit
Power.Then it puts on insulating layer and draws thermocouple sensor conducting wire.By the top to the second measurement column bottom point of the first measurement column
The first thermocouple sensor, the second thermocouple sensor, third thermocouple sensor, the 4th thermocouple sensor, are not placed
Five thermocouple sensors and the 6th thermocouple sensor, if neighboring thermocouple sensors (remove third thermocouple sensor and the 4th
Outside thermocouple sensor) between spacing be L, the first measurement column and the second measurement column thermal coefficient are kM, cross-sectional area A,
Test sample is equal to A with a thickness of D, cross-sectional area, and third thermocouple sensor and the 4th thermocouple sensor connect to test sample
The distance of contacting surface is d, and the temperature T of 6 thermocouple sensors is read after temperature is stablized1~T6。
Then the first measurement column, temperature gradient in the second measurement column are as follows: Δ T=(T1-T2+T5-T6)/2L, T1、T2、T5、T6、L
Parameter is it is known that Δ T can be acquired.And then acquire test sample thermal conductivity+thermal contact resistance value are as follows: R=kMAΔT/(T4-T3-
2d Δ T), A, kM、ΔT、T4、T3, d parameter it is known that R can be acquired.
Measuring thickness is respectively D, and the test sample of 2D, 3D ... nD can be obtained the linear relationship of R and n, R and n done
Linear relationship obtains regression curve, and the slope of regression curve is the thermal contact resistance of test sample thickness D sample, can find out it
Thermal coefficient, so that it is imported coefficient is not influenced by thermal contact resistance.The method for measuring linear regression by Varying-thickness, eliminates and connects
The influence for touching thermal resistance, further improves the accuracy of measurement.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 shows the structure connection figure of heat conductivity measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.Fig. 2 shows
The explosion views of heat conductivity measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
In conjunction with shown in 1, Fig. 2, a kind of heat conductivity measuring device, comprising: the first measuring unit, the first measuring unit include
Including the first center heating column 1 and the first measurement column 2；First center heating column 1 be equipped with first-class body cavity 13, heat source fluid into
Mouth 11 and heat source fluid outlet 12, first-class body cavity 13 are connect with heat source fluid import 11 and heat source fluid outlet 12 respectively；The
One center heating column 1 is connect with the first measurement column 2；Second measuring unit, the second measuring unit include 3 He of the second center heating column
Second measurement column 4；Second center heating column 3 is equipped with second body cavity 33, cold source fluid inlet 31 and cold source fluid outlet 32,
Second body cavity 33 is connect with cold source fluid inlet 31 and cold source fluid outlet 32 respectively；Second center heating column 3 and second is surveyed
Column 4 is measured to connect；First measuring unit is located at the top of the second measuring unit, the top of the second measurement column 4 and the first measurement column 2
For placing test sample between bottom, and the first measurement column 2 and the second measurement column 4 are equipped with temperature collecting cell 6.
Wherein, heat conductivity measuring device further comprises pressure application and device fixed cell, and pressure applies and device
Fixed cell is connect with the first measuring unit and the second measuring unit respectively.
Wherein, heat conductivity measuring device further comprises: the first measuring unit further includes the first adiabatic top cover 15, and first
The top of the first center heating column 1 is arranged in adiabatic top cover 15, and the first adiabatic top cover 15 is led by connecting stud and the first center
Plume 1 connects, and the top of the first adiabatic top cover 15 and the first center heating column 1 is equipped with sealing ring；In first adiabatic top cover 15
Equipped with the first clamp, is applied by the first clamp with pressure and device fixed cell is connect；Second measuring unit further includes second
Adiabatic top cover, the second adiabatic top cover are arranged in the bottom of the second center heating column 3, apply and fill with pressure in the second adiabatic top cover
Set fixed cell connection.
Wherein, pressure applies and device fixed cell includes the first support plate 7, the second support plate 8 and support stand 9, the
One support plate 7 is connect with support stand 9 and the first adiabatic top cover 15 respectively；Second support plate 8 respectively with support stand 9 and second
Adiabatic top cover connection；First support plate 7 is equipped with rotation stud 72, pressure test unit 71 and rotational handle 73.
Wherein, heat conductivity measuring device further comprises: insulating unit, insulating unit setting in the first measuring unit and
The outside of second measuring unit.
Wherein, insulating unit includes inner insulating layer 20 and outer thermal insulation layer 21, and inner insulating layer 20 coats the first measurement column 2 and the
Two measurement columns 4；Outer thermal insulation layer 21 coats inner insulating layer 20, the first center heating column 1 and the second center heating column 3.
Wherein, first-class body cavity 13 and second body cavity 33 are annular housing.
Wherein, the diameter of the first center heating column 1 is greater than the diameter of the first measurement column 2, the diameter of the second center heating column 3
Greater than the diameter of the second measurement column 4.
Wherein, heat source fluid import 11 is located at below heat source fluid outlet 12；Cold source fluid inlet 31 is located at cold source stream
The upper surface of body outlet 32.
Wherein, multiple temperature collecting cells 6 are set on the first measurement column 2, wherein the setting of 1 temperature collecting cell 6 is the
It is abutted against the position of sample on one measurement column 2；Multiple temperature collecting cells 6 are set on second measurement column 4, wherein 1 temperature acquisition
Unit 6 is placed on the position for being abutted against sample on the second measurement column 4.
Fig. 3 shows the portion temperature acquisition unit 6 of heat conductivity measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention
Conducting wire wiring diagram.Fig. 4 shows the CFD analog result figure of heat conductivity measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in figure 3, aperture of the thermocouple sensor conducting wire 61 on thermal insulation layer is pierced by, thermocouple sensor conducting wire
61 cablings are as shown in the figure.As shown in figure 4, thermal insulation layer can prevent completely the first measuring unit and as the result is shown for thermal simulation
Two measuring units guarantee the hot-fluid stable homogeneous for passing through sample, guarantee testing precision to extraneous heat loss.
The application method of the heat conductivity measuring device is as follows:
Step 1: in use, heat conductivity measuring device is placed on horizontal plane.Test sample is cut or is cut into cross
Section is identical as the first measurement column 2 and the second measurement column 4, with a thickness of the cylindrical body of D, and test sample is clamped to the first measurement
Between column 2 and the second measurement column 4.
Step 2: tightening rotation stud 72 to apply required pressure to the first measuring unit, finely tune test sample position, directly
Until the registration of 7 pressure sensors is consistent.It is recommended that thickness of sample is missed in 0.1~5cm or so to reduce experiment
Difference.
Step 3: constant temperature heat source fluid, constant temperature cold source fluid are each led into the first center heating column 13 and second by figure
Heart heating column 33, and heat source, cold source is made to keep required temperature difference.
Step 4: external insulation layer is wrapped into the first measurement column 2, the second measurement column 4, the first center heating column 13 and
Two center heating columns 33, and draw thermocouple sensor conducting wire 61.
Step 5: waiting 5 to 10 minutes, after registration is stablized, write down the temperature value T of each thermocouple sensor1~T6。
Step 6: replacing the sample (2D, 3D ... nD) of different-thickness, write down each group temperature value respectively.
Step 7: being directed to one group of temperature value, neighboring thermocouple sensors (remove third thermocouple sensor and the 4th thermocouple
Outside sensor) between spacing be L, kM, cross-sectional area A, test sample is with a thickness of D, and cross-sectional area is equal to A, third thermoelectricity
The distance of even sensor and the 4th thermocouple sensor to test sample contact surface is d, reads 6 thermocouples after temperature is stablized
The temperature T of sensor1~T6。
Temperature gradient in first measurement column 2, the second measurement column 4 are as follows:
Δ T=(T1-T2+T5-T6)/2L,
Wherein, Δ T is temperature gradient, T1For the temperature of the first thermocouple sensor, T2For the temperature of the second thermocouple sensor
Degree, T5For the temperature of the 5th thermocouple sensor, T6For the temperature of the 6th thermocouple sensor, L neighboring thermocouple sensors (are removed
Outside third thermocouple sensor and the 4th thermocouple sensor) between spacing be L.
Test sample thermal conductivity+thermal contact resistance value is acquired using following formula
R=kMAΔT/(T4-T3- 2d Δ T),
Wherein, R is test sample thermal conductivity+thermal contact resistance, and A is the cross-sectional area of test sample, kMFor the first measurement column 2
With the thermal coefficient of the second measurement column 4, T4For the temperature of the 4th thermocouple sensor, T3For third thermocouple sensor temperature,
D is the distance of third thermocouple sensor and the 4th thermocouple sensor to test sample contact surface.
Step 8: finding out measurement thickness is respectively D, and the corresponding R of the test sample of 2D, 3D ... nD can be obtained R's and n
R and n are done linear relationship and obtain regression curve by linear relationship, and the slope of regression curve is connecing for test sample thickness D sample
Thermal resistance is touched, R- thermal contact resistance can find out its thermal coefficient.
The embodiment of the present invention is described above, above description is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and also not
It is limited to disclosed embodiment.Without departing from the scope and spirit of embodiment described, for the art
Those of ordinary skill for many modifications and changes are obvious.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of heat conductivity measuring device characterized by comprising
First measuring unit, first measuring unit include the first center heating column and the first measurement column；First center
Heating column be equipped with first-class body cavity, heat source fluid import and heat source fluid outlet, the first-class body cavity respectively with the heat
Source fluid inlet and heat source fluid outlet connection；First center heating column is connect with first measurement column；
Second measuring unit, second measuring unit include the second center heating column and the second measurement column；Second center
Heating column be equipped with second body cavity, cold source fluid inlet and cold source fluid outlet, the second body cavity respectively with it is described cold
Source fluid inlet is connected with cold source fluid outlet；Second center heating column is connect with second measurement column；
First measuring unit is located at the top of second measuring unit, the top of second measurement column and described first
For placing test sample between the bottom of measurement column, and first measurement column and the second measurement column are equipped with temperature acquisition list
Member.
2. heat conductivity measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further comprise pressure application and device
Fixed cell, the pressure applies and device fixed cell is connect with first measuring unit and the second measuring unit respectively.
3. heat conductivity measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further comprise: first measurement
Unit further includes the first adiabatic top cover, and first adiabatic top cover is arranged in the top of first center heating column, and described
One adiabatic top cover is equipped with the first clamp, is applied by first clamp with the pressure and device fixed cell is connect；
Second measuring unit further includes the second adiabatic top cover, and the second adiabatic top cover setting is thermally conductive at second center
The bottom of column, second adiabatic top cover applies with the pressure and device fixed cell is connect.
4. heat conductivity measuring device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that pressure applies and device fixed cell packet
The first support plate, the second support plate and support stand are included, first support plate is insulated with the support stand and first respectively
Top cover connection；Second support plate is connect with the support stand and the second adiabatic top cover respectively；In first support plate
Equipped with rotation stud, pressure test unit and rotational handle.
5. heat conductivity measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further comprise: insulating unit, it is described
The outside of first measuring unit and second measuring unit is arranged in insulating unit.
6. heat conductivity measuring device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the insulating unit includes inner insulating layer
With outer thermal insulation layer, the inner insulating layer coats first measurement column and the second measurement column；In the outer thermal insulation layer cladding is described
Thermal insulation layer, the first center heating column and the second center heating column.
7. heat conductivity measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first-class body cavity and second fluid
Chamber is annular housing.
8. heat conductivity measuring device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the diameter of first center heating column
Greater than the diameter of first measurement column, the diameter of the second center heating column is greater than the straight of second measurement column
Diameter.
9. heat conductivity measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat source fluid import is located at described
Below heat source fluid outlet；The cold source fluid inlet is located at the upper surface of described cold source fluid outlet.
10. heat conductivity measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be arranged on first measurement column more
A temperature collecting cell, wherein the position for being abutted against the sample on the first measurement column is arranged in 1 temperature collecting cell；Described
Multiple temperature collecting cells are set on two measurement columns, wherein 1 temperature collecting cell be placed on the second measurement column be abutted against it is described
The position of sample.
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