CN110376124B - Biological sample tensile test method - Google Patents
Biological sample tensile test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110376124B CN110376124B CN201910653627.XA CN201910653627A CN110376124B CN 110376124 B CN110376124 B CN 110376124B CN 201910653627 A CN201910653627 A CN 201910653627A CN 110376124 B CN110376124 B CN 110376124B
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- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of biotechnology research, in particular to a biological sample tensile test method, wherein a tensile test device of a biological sample comprises a shell, a driver, a movable clamp, a movable arm I, an adjusting rod I, a magnet I, a vertical clamp II, a substrate, a movable arm II, an adjusting rod II, a magnet II, a fixed clamp, a liquid storage tank, a supporting table, a displacement table, a microscope, a guide rail I and a guide rail II, wherein the driver, the movable clamp, the movable arm I, the adjusting rod I, the magnet I, the vertical clamp II, the substrate, the movable arm II, the adjusting rod II, the magnet II, the fixed clamp, the liquid storage tank, the supporting table, the displacement table, the microscope, the guide rail I and the guide rail II are positioned in the shell, living cells with sub-cell scale can be imaged in situ, dynamic tensile can be simultaneously carried out, a special driving mechanism and clamp structure are adopted, the uniaxial dynamic tensile can be carried out while the in situ imaging can be carried out on the biological cell sample with sub-cell scale, so as to research the cell characteristics through tensile stimulation, the in situ imaging is carried out, the in situ, the substrate is not easy to tear, and the tensile frequency is wider in the adjustable range, the adjustable stretching amplitude range is large.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biotechnology research, in particular to a biological sample tensile test method which can perform in-situ imaging on living cells with a sub-cell scale and can perform dynamic tensile simultaneously.
Background
In the process of tissue development and repair of cells, mechanical stretching can be used as an important means to adjust the state and function of the cells, and in the prior art, a plurality of methods are used for mechanically stimulating the cells, but most of the prior art adopting a mechanical driving stretching device is not suitable for in-situ imaging of living cells in a sub-cell scale, and in a few of the prior art capable of performing real-time imaging of living cells in the sub-cell scale, dynamic stretching of the cells is limited, and the adjustable frequency range and the adjustable stretching amplitude range of the cells cannot meet the experimental requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the method of the invention adopts a special driving mechanism and a clamp structure, can carry out in-situ imaging and uniaxial dynamic stretching on a biological cell sample with a subcellular scale, so as to research the cell characteristics after stretching stimulation, and has larger adjustable ranges of stretching frequency and stretching amplitude.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the tensile testing device of the biological sample comprises a shell and a driver positioned in the shell, a movable clamp, a movable arm I, an adjusting rod I, a magnet I, a vertical clamp II, a substrate, a movable arm II, an adjusting rod II, a magnet II, a fixed clamp, a liquid storage tank, a supporting table, a displacement table, a microscope, a guide rail I and a guide rail II, wherein xyz is a three-dimensional coordinate system; the movable clamp comprises a horizontal arm part and a tray part, the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp is connected with the guide rail II in a sliding mode so as to limit the movement of the movable clamp in the z direction, the tray part of the movable clamp is connected to the lower side of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp, and the tray part of the movable clamp is square in the xz horizontal plane and extends into the liquid storage pool; one end of the movable arm I is hinged to the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp, the other end of the movable arm I is connected with the top end of the vertical clamp I through a screw, the magnet I is fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp, the adjusting rod I is in threaded connection with the movable arm I and can be adjusted up and down relative to the position of the movable arm I in the y direction, and the lower end of the adjusting rod I can be located in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm above the magnet I; the fixing clamp is fixed on one side of the supporting table and comprises a horizontal arm part and a tray part, the tray part of the fixing clamp is connected to the lower side of the horizontal arm part of the fixing clamp, the tray part of the fixing clamp is square in an xz horizontal plane and extends into the liquid storage pool, one end of the movable arm II is hinged to the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the fixing clamp, the other end of the movable arm II is connected with the top end of the vertical clamp II through a screw, the magnet II is fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the fixing clamp, the adjusting rod II is in threaded connection with the movable arm II and can be adjusted up and down relative to the position of the movable arm II in the y direction, and the lower end of the movable arm II can be located in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm above the magnet II; the substrate is a rectangular siloxane film, one end of the substrate is in pressure joint with the upper surface of the tray part of the movable clamp through the lower end of the vertical clamp I, the other end of the substrate is in pressure joint with the upper surface of the tray part of the fixed clamp through the lower end of the vertical clamp II, and the vertical clamp I and the vertical clamp II are both of a sheet structure; the position of the microscope can be adjusted, and the acquired image can be displayed and recorded on a computer; the driver comprises an eccentric cam, a rotary motor, a push rod, a bearing, a connecting block I, a spring, a connecting block II and a sliding block, wherein the eccentric cam, the push rod, the bearing and the connecting block I are of a cam-push rod structure, the eccentric cam and the bearing are respectively in sliding contact with two sides of the push rod, the eccentric cam is a disc with the diameter of 20 mm, the rotating shaft of the eccentric cam deviates from the circle center of the eccentric cam by 5 mm, the eccentric cam is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft of the eccentric cam through the rotary motor, and the rotating frequency of the rotary motor can be adjusted within the range of 0.1Hz to 10 Hz; one end of the connecting block I is connected with a bearing capable of freely rotating, and the other end of the connecting block I is fixedly connected with the movable clamp; one end of the push rod is hinged to the connecting block II, a spring is connected between the push rod and the connecting block II, the elastic coefficient of the spring is adjustable, one end of the connecting block II is hinged to the sliding block, and the sliding block is connected with the guide rail I in a sliding mode so as to limit the moving direction of the sliding block in the x direction; the shell is a metal cavity in a cuboid shape; the movable clamp is made of titanium, the side length of the tray part of the movable clamp is 10 mm, the fixed clamp is made of titanium, and the side length of the tray part of the fixed clamp is 10 mm; the vertical clamp I and the vertical clamp II are both made of Teflon materials; the length of the substrate is 20 mm, and the width of the substrate is 10 mm; the spring has a spring constant in the range of 10 n/m to 50 n/m.
The experimental steps of the biological sample tensile test method are as follows:
depositing a cell sample to be detected on the upper surface of a substrate, and respectively pressing two ends of the substrate onto the tray parts of a movable clamp and a fixed clamp through a vertical clamp I and a vertical clamp II;
immersing the tray parts of the movable clamp and the fixed clamp below the liquid level of the protective liquid in the liquid storage tank, and immersing the substrate and the cell sample to be detected below the liquid level;
moving the microscope to a position of 150 mm right above the substrate, imaging the cell sample to be detected, and recording the cell sample in a computer;
turning on a rotary motor, enabling an eccentric cam to act on one side of a push rod, enabling the tension of the substrate to act on the other side of the push rod through a movable clamp, a connecting block I and a bearing, and enabling the movable clamp to reciprocate in the z direction so as to stretch the substrate and a cell sample to be detected on the surface of the substrate;
imaging the cell sample to be detected through a microscope and recording the imaged cell sample in a computer;
step six, changing the rotating frequency of the rotating motor according to the requirement to adjust the stretching frequency of the substrate and the cell sample to be detected on the surface of the substrate;
step seven, adjusting the elastic coefficient of the spring according to the requirement to change the stretching amplitude of the substrate and the cell sample to be detected on the surface of the substrate;
and step eight, analyzing the state and the function of the cell sample to be detected through the imaging information of the cell sample to be detected recorded in the computer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method can perform uniaxial dynamic stretching on the biological cell sample and simultaneously observe the cell characteristics in situ, the substrate is not easy to tear, the adjustable range of stretching frequency is large, and the adjustable range of stretching is large.
Drawings
The following is further illustrated in connection with the figures of the present invention:
FIG. 1 is a schematic of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an enlarged top view of the actuator and the movable clamp.
In the figure, 1, a shell, 2, a driver, 2-1, an eccentric cam, 2-2, a rotary motor, 2-3, a push rod, 2-4, a bearing, 2-5, a connecting block I, 2-6, a spring, 2-7, a connecting block II, 2-8, a sliding block, 3, a movable clamp, 4, a movable arm I, 5, an adjusting rod I, 6, a magnet I, 7, a vertical clamp I, 8, a vertical clamp II, 9, a substrate, 10, a movable arm II, 11, an adjusting rod II, 12, a magnet II, 13, a fixed clamp, 14, a liquid storage tank, 15, a supporting table, 16, a displacement table, 17, a microscope, 18, a guide rail I, 19 and a guide rail II are arranged.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is a schematic view, which comprises a housing 1, a driver 2 located in the housing 1, a movable clamp 3, a movable arm I4, an adjusting rod I5, a magnet I6, a vertical clamp I7, a vertical clamp II8, a substrate 9, a movable arm II10, an adjusting rod II11, a magnet II12, a fixed clamp 13, a liquid storage tank 14, a support platform 15, a displacement platform 16, a microscope 17, a guide rail I18 and a guide rail II19, where xyz is a three-dimensional coordinate system, the housing 1 is a metal cavity in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the housing 1 has a plurality of operating windows, the liquid storage tank 14 contains a protective liquid adapted to a cell culture environment, the microscope 17 is connected with a computer through a cable, the displacement platform 16, two parallel guide rails I18 and two parallel guide rails II19 are all fixed in the housing 1, the guide rail I18 and the guide rail II19 are perpendicular, the support platform 15 is located above the displacement platform 16, the displacement platform 16 can make the support platform 15 move three-dimensionally, the liquid storage tank 14 is fixed on the supporting platform 15; the movable clamp 3 comprises a horizontal arm part and a tray part, the movable clamp 3 is made of titanium, the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp 3 is connected with a guide rail II19 in a sliding mode so as to limit the movement of the movable clamp 3 in the z direction, the tray part of the movable clamp 3 is connected to the lower side of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp 3, the tray part of the movable clamp 3 is square in the xz horizontal plane and extends into the liquid storage tank 14, and the side length of the tray part of the movable clamp 3 is 10 mm; one end of the movable arm I4 is hinged on the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp 3, the other end of the movable arm I4 is connected with the top end of the vertical clamp I7 through a screw, the magnet I6 is fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp 3, the adjusting rod I5 is in threaded connection with the movable arm I4 and can be adjusted up and down relative to the position of the movable arm I4 in the y direction, and the lower end of the adjusting rod I5 can be located in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm above the magnet I6; the fixed clamp 13 is fixed on one side of the support platform 15, the fixed clamp 13 comprises a horizontal arm part and a tray part, the side length of the tray part of the fixed clamp 13 is 10 mm, the fixed clamp 13 is made of titanium, the tray part of the fixed clamp 13 is connected to the lower side of the horizontal arm part of the fixed clamp, the tray part of the fixed clamp 13 is square in an xz horizontal plane and extends into the liquid storage tank 14, one end of the movable arm II10 is hinged to the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the fixed clamp 13, the other end of the movable arm II10 is connected with the top end of the vertical clamp II8 through a screw, the magnet II12 is fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the fixed clamp 13, the adjusting rod II11 is in threaded connection and penetrates through the movable arm II10, the position of the movable arm II10 in the y direction can be adjusted up and down, and the lower end of the movable arm II10 can be located in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm above the magnet II 12; the substrate 9 is a rectangular siloxane film, the length of the substrate 9 is 20 mm, the width of the substrate 9 is 10 mm, one end of the substrate 9 is pressed on the tray part of the movable clamp 3 through the lower end of the vertical clamp I7, the other end of the substrate is pressed on the tray part of the fixed clamp 13 through the lower end of the vertical clamp II8, the vertical clamp I7 and the vertical clamp II8 are both sheet-shaped structures, and the vertical clamp I7 and the vertical clamp II8 are both made of Teflon materials; the position of the microscope 17 can be adjusted and the acquired images can be displayed and recorded on a computer.
As shown in fig. 2, which is an enlarged schematic top view of a driver and a movable clamp, xyz is a three-dimensional coordinate system, the driver 2 includes an eccentric cam 2-1, a rotary motor 2-2, a push rod 2-3, a bearing 2-4, a connecting block I2-5, a spring 2-6, a connecting block II2-7 and a slider 2-8, the eccentric cam 2-1, the push rod 2-3, the bearing 2-4 and the connecting block I2-5 are in a cam-push rod structure, the eccentric cam 2-1 and the bearing 2-4 are respectively in sliding contact with two sides of the push rod 2-3, the eccentric cam 2-1 is a disc with a diameter of 20 mm, a rotation axis of the eccentric cam 2-1 is 5 mm away from a circle center thereof, the eccentric cam 2-1 is driven to rotate around the rotation axis thereof by the rotary motor 2-2, the rotation frequency of the rotary motor 2-2 can be adjusted in the range of 0.1Hz to 10 Hz; one end of the connecting block I2-5 is connected with a bearing 2-4 which can freely rotate, and the other end is fixedly connected with the movable clamp 3; one end of the push rod 2-3 is hinged to the connecting block II2-7, a spring 2-6 is connected between the push rod and the connecting block II2-7, the elastic coefficient of the spring 2-6 is adjustable, the elastic coefficient range of the spring 2-6 is 10N/m to 50N/m, one end of the connecting block II2-7 is hinged to the sliding block 2-8, and the sliding block 2-8 is in sliding connection with the guide rail I18 so as to limit the moving direction of the sliding block 2-8 in the x direction.
The tensile testing device of the biological sample comprises a shell 1, a driver 2, a movable clamp 3, a movable arm I4, an adjusting rod I5, a magnet I6, a vertical clamp I7, a vertical clamp II8, a substrate 9, a movable arm II10, an adjusting rod II11, a magnet II12, a fixed clamp 13, a liquid storage tank 14, a supporting platform 15, a displacement platform 16, a microscope 17, a guide rail I18 and a guide rail II19 which are positioned in the shell 1, xyz is a three-dimensional coordinate system, the shell (1) is provided with a plurality of operation windows, the liquid storage tank 14 is filled with protective liquid suitable for a cell culture environment, the microscope 17 is connected with a computer through a cable, the displacement table 16, two parallel guide rails I18 and two parallel guide rails II19 are fixed in the shell 1, the guide rails I18 and the guide rails II19 are vertical in space, the support table 15 is positioned on the displacement table 16, the displacement table 16 can make the support table 15 move three-dimensionally, and the liquid storage tank 14 is fixed on the support table 15; the movable clamp 3 comprises a horizontal arm part and a tray part, the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp 3 is connected with a guide rail II19 in a sliding mode so as to limit the movement of the movable clamp 3 in the z direction, the tray part of the movable clamp 3 is connected to the lower side of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp, and the tray part of the movable clamp 3 is square in the xz horizontal plane and extends into the liquid storage tank 14; one end of the movable arm I4 is hinged on the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp 3, the other end of the movable arm I4 is connected with the top end of the vertical clamp I7 through a screw, the magnet I6 is fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp 3, the adjusting rod I5 is in threaded connection with the movable arm I4 and can be adjusted up and down relative to the position of the movable arm I4 in the y direction, and the lower end of the adjusting rod I5 can be located in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm above the magnet I6; the fixed clamp 13 is fixed on one side of the support platform 15, the fixed clamp 13 comprises a horizontal arm part and a tray part, the tray part of the fixed clamp 13 is connected to the lower side of the horizontal arm part, the tray part of the fixed clamp 13 is square in an xz horizontal plane and extends into the liquid storage tank 14, one end of the movable arm II10 is hinged to the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the fixed clamp 13, the other end of the movable arm II10 is connected with the top end of the vertical clamp II8 through screws, the magnet II12 is fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the fixed clamp 13, the adjusting rod II11 is in threaded connection with the movable arm II10 and can be adjusted up and down relative to the position of the movable arm II10 in the y direction, and the lower end of the movable arm II10 can be located in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm above the magnet II 12; the substrate 9 is a rectangular siloxane film, one end of the substrate 9 is pressed on the tray part of the movable clamp 3 through the lower end of the vertical clamp I7, the other end of the substrate 9 is pressed on the tray part of the fixed clamp 13 through the lower end of the vertical clamp II8, and the vertical clamp I7 and the vertical clamp II8 are both sheet-shaped structures; the position of the microscope 17 can be adjusted and the acquired images can be displayed and recorded on a computer; the driver 2 comprises an eccentric cam 2-1, a rotary motor 2-2, a push rod 2-3, a bearing 2-4, a connecting block I2-5, a spring 2-6, a connecting block II2-7 and a slide block 2-8, wherein the eccentric cam 2-1, the push rod 2-3, the bearing 2-4 and the connecting block I2-5 are of a cam-push rod structure, the eccentric cam 2-1 and the bearing 2-4 are respectively in sliding contact with two sides of the push rod 2-3, the eccentric cam 2-1 is a disc with the diameter of 20 mm, the rotating shaft of the eccentric cam 2-1 deviates from the circle center of the eccentric cam by 5 mm, the eccentric cam 2-1 is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft by the rotating motor 2-2, and the rotating frequency of the rotating motor 2-2 can be adjusted within the range of 0.1Hz to 10 Hz; one end of the connecting block I2-5 is connected with a bearing 2-4 which can freely rotate, and the other end is fixedly connected with the movable clamp 3; one end of the push rod 2-3 is hinged to the connecting block II2-7, a spring 2-6 is connected between the push rod and the connecting block II2-7, the elastic coefficient of the spring 2-6 is adjustable, one end of the connecting block II2-7 is hinged to the sliding block 2-8, and the sliding block 2-8 is in sliding connection with the guide rail I18 so as to limit the moving direction of the sliding block 2-8 in the x direction; the shell 1 is a metal cavity in a cuboid shape; the movable clamp 3 is made of titanium, the side length of the tray part of the movable clamp 3 is 10 mm, the fixed clamp 13 is made of titanium, and the side length of the tray part of the fixed clamp 13 is 10 mm; vertical clamp I7 and vertical clamp II8 were both made of teflon material; the length of the substrate 9 is 20 mm and the width is 10 mm; the spring 2-6 has a spring constant in the range of 10 n/m to 50 n/m.
Principle of cell tensile experiment with tensile testing apparatus for biological samples: depositing a cell sample to be detected on the upper surface of a substrate 9, respectively pressing two ends of the substrate 9 on the tray parts of the movable clamp 3 and the fixed clamp 13 through a vertical clamp I7 and a vertical clamp II8, respectively, changing the attractive force between the substrate and the magnet I6 by adjusting the position of the adjusting rod I5, and changing the attractive force between the substrate and the magnet II12 by adjusting the position of the adjusting rod II11, so as to respectively adjust the pressure of the vertical clamp I7 and the vertical clamp II8 on the substrate 9, and the design has the advantage of avoiding tearing the substrate 9 due to overlarge pressure; the tray portions of the movable jig 3 and the fixed jig 13 were immersed below the liquid level of the protective liquid in the liquid reservoir 14, the microscope 17 was moved to a position 150 mm directly above the substrate 9, through which a cell sample to be measured is imaged and displayed in a computer, the rotating motor 2-2 is turned on so that the eccentric cam 2-1 rotates around its rotation axis, thereby leading the push rod 2-3 to move, and driving the connecting block I2-5 and the movable clamp 3 to reciprocate in the z direction through the push rod 2-3 so as to stretch the substrate 9 and the cell sample to be measured on the surface thereof, i.e. the substrate 9 is in tension, the force it exerts on the bearing 2-4 is always in the positive z-direction, and it is the tension of the substrate 9 that keeps the bearing 2-4 in contact with the push rod 2-3 when it is always to the right in the z-direction.
Principle of adjusting stretching frequency and stretching amplitude: the rotating speed of the eccentric cam 2-1 is adjusted by changing the rotating frequency of the rotating motor 2-2, so that the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the movable clamp 3 in the z direction is changed, namely the frequency of stretching the substrate 9 and a cell sample to be tested on the surface of the substrate 9, the displacement of the tail end of the push rod 2-3 in the rotating process of the eccentric cam 2-1 can be changed by adjusting the elastic coefficient of the spring 2-6, the essence is that the pulling force of the spring 2-6 acting on the push rod 2-3 is adjusted, the effective length of the push rod in the cam-push rod structure is changed, different effective lengths of the push rod form different cam-push rod size structures, so that the displacement of the connecting block I2-5 and the movable clamp 3 in the z direction in the reciprocating motion is changed, so as to stretch the substrate 9, and the cell sample to be tested deposited on the surface of the substrate 9 is under the tension action of the surface of the substrate 9, and is thus also stretched.
The experimental steps of the biological sample tensile test method are as follows:
depositing a cell sample to be detected on the upper surface of a substrate 9, and respectively pressing two ends of the substrate 9 on the tray parts of a movable clamp 3 and a fixed clamp 13 through a vertical clamp I7 and a vertical clamp II 8;
secondly, immersing the tray parts of the movable clamp 3 and the fixed clamp 13 below the liquid level of the protective liquid in the liquid storage tank 14, and immersing the substrate 9 and the cell sample to be detected below the liquid level;
step three, moving the microscope 17 to a position of 150 mm right above the substrate 9, imaging the cell sample to be detected, and recording the cell sample in a computer;
step four, starting the rotary motor 2-2, enabling the eccentric cam 2-1 to act on one side of the push rod 2-3, enabling the tension of the substrate 9 to act on the other side of the push rod 2-3 through the movable clamp 3, the connecting block I2-5 and the bearing 2-4, and enabling the movable clamp 3 to reciprocate in the z direction so as to stretch the substrate 9 and a cell sample to be detected on the surface of the substrate;
imaging the cell sample to be detected through a microscope 17 and recording the imaged cell sample in a computer;
step six, changing the rotating frequency of the rotating motor 2-2 according to the requirement to adjust the stretching frequency of the substrate 9 and the cell sample to be detected on the surface of the substrate;
step seven, adjusting the elastic coefficient of the springs 2-6 according to the requirement to change the stretching amplitude of the substrate 9 and the cell sample to be detected on the surface of the substrate;
and step eight, analyzing the state and the function of the cell sample to be detected through the imaging information of the cell sample to be detected recorded in the computer.
The method adopts a specially designed driving mechanism and a clamp structure to carry out uniaxial dynamic stretching on the biological cell sample with the sub-cell scale, and researches the cell characteristics through in-situ imaging, and the adjustable range of stretching frequency and stretching amplitude is larger.
Claims (1)
1. A biological sample tensile test method comprises a shell (1), a driver (2) positioned in the shell (1), a movable clamp (3), a movable arm I (4), an adjusting rod I (5), a magnet I (6), a vertical clamp I (7), a vertical clamp II (8), a substrate (9), a movable arm II (10), an adjusting rod II (11), a magnet II (12), a fixed clamp (13), a liquid storage tank (14), a supporting platform (15), a displacement platform (16), a microscope (17), a guide rail I (18) and a guide rail II (19), wherein xyz is a three-dimensional coordinate system, the shell (1) is provided with a plurality of operating windows, protective liquid suitable for a cell culture environment is filled in the liquid storage tank (14), the microscope (17) is connected with a computer through a cable, the displacement platform (16), the two parallel guide rails I (18) and the two parallel guide rails II (19) are all fixed in the shell (1), the guide rail I (18) and the guide rail II (19) are vertical in space, the support table (15) is positioned on the displacement table (16), the displacement table (16) can enable the support table (15) to move in three dimensions, and the liquid storage tank (14) is fixed on the support table (15); the movable clamp (3) comprises a horizontal arm part and a tray part, the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp (3) is connected with the guide rail II (19) in a sliding mode so as to limit the movement of the movable clamp (3) in the z direction, the tray part of the movable clamp (3) is connected to the lateral lower portion of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp, and the tray part of the movable clamp (3) is square in the xz horizontal plane and extends into the liquid storage tank (14); one end of a movable arm I (4) is hinged to the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp (3), the other end of the movable arm I (4) is connected with the top end of a vertical clamp I (7) through a screw, a magnet I (6) is fixed to the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the movable clamp (3), an adjusting rod I (5) is in threaded connection with and penetrates through the movable arm I (4), the position of the adjusting rod I (5) relative to the movable arm I (4) in the y direction can be adjusted up and down, and the lower end of the adjusting rod I (5) can be located in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm above the magnet I (6); the fixing clamp (13) is fixed on one side of the supporting table (15), the fixing clamp (13) comprises a horizontal arm part and a tray part, the tray part of the fixing clamp (13) is connected to the lower side of the horizontal arm part, the tray part of the fixing clamp (13) is square in an xz horizontal plane and extends into the liquid storage tank (14), one end of the movable arm II (10) is hinged to the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the fixing clamp (13), the other end of the movable arm II (10) is connected with the top end of the vertical clamp II (8) through a screw, the magnet II (12) is fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal arm part of the fixing clamp (13), and the adjusting rod II (11) is in threaded connection with and penetrates through the movable arm II (10), the position of the movable arm II (10) in the y direction can be adjusted up and down, so that the lower end of the movable arm II (10) is positioned in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm above the magnet II (12); the substrate (9) is a rectangular siloxane film, one end of the substrate (9) is pressed on the tray part of the movable clamp (3) through the lower end of the vertical clamp I (7), the other end of the substrate is pressed on the tray part of the fixed clamp (13) through the lower end of the vertical clamp II (8), and the vertical clamp I (7) and the vertical clamp II (8) are both of a sheet structure; the position of the microscope (17) can be adjusted, and the acquired images can be displayed and recorded on a computer; the driver (2) comprises an eccentric cam (2-1), a rotating motor (2-2), a push rod (2-3), a bearing (2-4), a connecting block I (2-5), a spring (2-6), a connecting block II (2-7) and a sliding block (2-8), wherein the eccentric cam (2-1), the push rod (2-3), the bearing (2-4) and the connecting block I (2-5) are of a cam-push rod structure, the eccentric cam (2-1) and the bearing (2-4) are respectively in sliding contact with two sides of the push rod (2-3), the eccentric cam (2-1) is a disc with the diameter of 20 mm, the rotating shaft of the eccentric cam (2-1) deviates from the circle center of the eccentric cam by 5 mm, and the rotating motor (2-2) drives the eccentric cam (2-1) to rotate around the rotating shaft, the rotation frequency of the rotary motor (2-2) can be adjusted in the range of 0.1Hz to 10 Hz; one end of the connecting block I (2-5) is connected with a bearing (2-4) capable of freely rotating, and the other end is fixedly connected with the movable clamp (3); one end of the push rod (2-3) is hinged to the connecting block II (2-7), a spring (2-6) is connected between the push rod and the connecting block II (2-7), the elastic coefficient of the spring (2-6) is adjustable, one end of the connecting block II (2-7) is hinged to the sliding block (2-8), and the sliding block (2-8) is in sliding connection with the guide rail I (18) so as to limit the moving direction of the sliding block (2-8) in the x direction; the shell (1) is a metal cavity in a cuboid shape; the movable clamp (3) is made of titanium, the side length of the tray part of the movable clamp (3) is 10 mm, the fixed clamp (13) is made of titanium, and the side length of the tray part of the fixed clamp (13) is 10 mm; the vertical clamp I (7) and the vertical clamp II (8) are both made of Teflon materials; the length of the substrate (9) is 20 mm, and the width is 10 mm; the elastic coefficient range of the springs (2-6) is 10N/m to 50N/m,
the method is characterized in that: the experimental steps of the biological sample tensile test method are as follows:
depositing a cell sample to be detected on the upper surface of a substrate (9), and respectively pressing two ends of the substrate (9) on the upper surfaces of the tray parts of a movable clamp (3) and a fixed clamp (13) through a vertical clamp I (7) and a vertical clamp II (8);
secondly, immersing tray parts of the movable clamp (3) and the fixed clamp (13) below the liquid level of the protective liquid in the liquid storage tank (14), and immersing the substrate (9) and the cell sample to be detected below the liquid level;
moving the microscope (17) to a position of 150 mm right above the substrate (9), imaging the cell sample to be detected, and recording the cell sample in a computer;
fourthly, starting the rotary motor (2-2), enabling the eccentric cam (2-1) to act on one side of the push rod (2-3), enabling the tension of the substrate (9) to act on the other side of the push rod (2-3) through the movable clamp (3), the connecting block I (2-5) and the bearing (2-4), and enabling the movable clamp (3) to reciprocate in the z direction so as to stretch the substrate (9) and a cell sample to be tested on the surface of the substrate;
imaging the cell sample to be detected through a microscope (17) and recording the imaged cell sample in a computer;
step six, changing the rotating frequency of the rotating motor (2-2) according to the requirement to adjust the stretching frequency of the substrate (9) and the cell sample to be tested on the surface of the substrate;
seventhly, adjusting the elastic coefficient of the springs (2-6) according to needs to change the stretching amplitude of the substrate (9) and the cell sample to be detected on the surface of the substrate;
and step eight, analyzing the state and the function of the cell sample to be detected through the imaging information of the cell sample to be detected recorded in the computer.
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