CN110375854A - A kind of compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system - Google Patents
A kind of compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110375854A CN110375854A CN201910618699.0A CN201910618699A CN110375854A CN 110375854 A CN110375854 A CN 110375854A CN 201910618699 A CN201910618699 A CN 201910618699A CN 110375854 A CN110375854 A CN 110375854A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 102100025490 Slit homolog 1 protein Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710123186 Slit homolog 1 protein Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012567 medical material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
- G01J3/021—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using plane or convex mirrors, parallel phase plates, or particular reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0256—Compact construction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/04—Slit arrangements slit adjustment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
- G01J3/18—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators using diffraction elements, e.g. grating
- G01J3/1804—Plane gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical systems, one band of scenery target is imaged on slit by object lens convergence, it is imaged on planar array detector by wavelength difference after the convergence of non-spherical reflector, plane grating and lens group again, obtains collection of illustrative plates image as platform pushes away to sweep.The present invention solves the problems, such as that optical path is huge when big visual field and high spectral resolution；Only contain a non-spherical reflector and lens group, structure is simple, compact, it is small to have the characteristics that image quality is excellent, spectrum is bent and distorts, non-spherical reflector coaxial design, object lens of large relative aperture greatly reduces instrument axial dimension；Plane grating reflection angle is adjustable, it is easy to accomplish reflecting mirror and lens group layout reduce instrument width direction size；Rear cut-off distance is convenient for detector to install greatly；Unlike material lens group is selected, will expand to full spectral coverage range.Therefore the fields such as the present invention suitable space flight and aviation, industry require the occasion of miniaturization, reduce the development difficulty of instrument.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the big visual field high spectral resolutions of miniaturization and high spatial resolution imager, in particular to one kind to adopt
The hyperspectral imager form combined with object lens and refraction-reflection plane grating spectrograph.
Background technique
Spectrum is able to reflect material molecular structure information, surveys in biology, chemistry, medical material, food industry and geology
The fields such as spy, space flight and aviation play an important role.With science and technology make rapid progress development and numerous front subjects it is mutual
It intersects, permeate and merges, a series of new demands such as wide spectrum, high-resolution, miniaturization are proposed to spectrometer, thus it is miniature
Spectrometer has been a great concern.
Using the spectrometer opposing prism spectroscopic modes of grating beam splitting and the spectrometer of Fourier transformation mode, while in light
There is apparent advantage in terms of spectral resolution and spatial resolution, therefore and be widely used in imaging spectral field.According to
The difference of grating type, spectrometer can be divided into plane grating spectrograph, Concave Grating Spectrometer and convex grating spectrometer.Its
In the above two generate earliest, it is most widely used；In recent years, convex grating spectrometer is because of its superior image quality and relative compact
Volume is favored in types of applications field.
The concentric imaging spectrometer of convex grating is in the majority in the form of OFFNER, two pieces of spherical surfaces of optical routing or non-spherical reflector and
One piece of convex grating composition, wherein convex grating cost of manufacture is relatively high, and enforcement difficulty is relatively large in engineer application.
Distributions Formed By Concave Gratings spectrometer is in the majority in the form of Dyson, and high image quality also may be implemented in this system, passes
The entrance slit and detector focal plane for Dyson imaging system of uniting are placed in the plane of simple lens, cause entrance slit and detection
Difficult to install, this more difficult layout of structure type of device.
Plane grating spectrograph relatively mostly uses Czerny-Turner form, is divided into M type structure and interference type arrangement, optical path
The spherical reflector being overlapped using the two sides center of curvature uses one piece of plane diffraction grating as color as collimating mirror and reflecting mirror
Element is dissipated, interference type arrangement is higher, more compact compared to its space utilization rate of M type structure, but this structure is in two mirror surfaces
It is larger to be laid out direction size, detector more difficult layout short for object lens of large relative aperture optical system rear cut-off distance.
From the point of view of domestic and international big visual field hyperspectral imager development trend, common spectrometer form is mostly Czerny-
Turner or Dyson form, these optical systems are mainly reflected in there are many problems:
1.Czerny-Turner plane grating spectrograph, optical path is in order to separate the phase of two reflecting mirrors radially
To position, axial distance accordingly becomes larger, therefore overall volume is larger.There is light overlapping and hand in interference type arrangement and M type structure
Fork, causes focal plane too close apart from effective sunlight, is especially difficult under big visual field and object lens of large relative aperture imaging contexts, rear cut-off distance is short
It is laid out detector.
The entrance slit and detector focal plane of 2.Dyson Concave Grating Spectrometer are placed in the plane of simple lens, in order to
Detector and simple lens do not interfere, then it is closer to will lead to image planes of the slit location apart from dispersion system, in order to pull open
Aspherical mirror or meniscus lens is added at nearly concave grating position to correct as caused by slit and image planes movement in distance
Aberration, and by the position for image planes of turning back slit and image planes are placed in Different Plane, cause optical path complex, adjustment
Difficulty is big.For concave grating is with respect to plane grating simultaneously, preparing grating difficulty and cost are greatly increased.
The optical plan that catadioptric optical element and plane grating light splitting combine is applied in large visual field high resolution bloom
Compose in imager system, be that a non-spherical reflector and a lens group are only contained based on spectrometer, structure is simple, it is compact,
Difficulty of processing is low, has the characteristics that excellent image quality, spectrum bending and small, the such spectrometer non-spherical reflector coaxial design that distorts,
There is no off-axis aberration, the design of reflecting mirror object lens of large relative aperture greatly reduces instrument axial profile size；By changing plane
Optical grating reflection angle, it is easy to accomplish the layout of reflecting mirror and lens group reduces instrument width direction shape；And rear cut-off distance is suitble to respectively
Class detector distance is installed convenient for detector；The combination for selecting reflecting mirror and lens group difference coke ratio, may be implemented big zoom ratio
Focal length variations, be suitble to all kinds of relative aperture circuit ambients；Lens group unlike material is selected, the expansible wide spectrum that is suitable for is imaged
Range.Therefore light when compact refraction-reflection plane grating spectrograph solves big visual field, wide spectrum and high spectral resolution
Road complexity and huge problem, are suitble to the fields such as space flight and aviation, industry.
Summary of the invention
The application of catadioptric optical element and plane grating light splitting mentions for research miniaturization high-resolution hyperspectral imager
For a kind of novel optical system form.Technical concept of the invention is set according to the principle of push-broom type hyperspectral imager
Meter, refraction-reflection plane grating spectrograph is by slit 1, non-spherical reflector 2, plane grating 3, lens group 4 and planar array detector 5
Composition.One band of scenery target first passes through object lens convergence and is imaged on position of focal plane slit 1, catadioptric plane grating spectrum
Instrument effect be to slit 1 carry out dispersion imaging, pass sequentially through non-spherical reflector 2 reflection, 3 reflection dispersion of plane grating light splitting,
It is imaged on by wavelength difference on the different location of planar array detector 5 after the transmission convergence of lens group 4, then with instrument platform traffic direction
Push away the image for sweeping to obtain collection of illustrative plates.Therefore technical solution of the invention is as follows:
It is metal or glass reflector according to the invention non-spherical reflector 2, face shape is 10 rank high order aspheric surfaces.Institute
The plane grating 3 stated is reflection diffraction balzed grating, and reflection level is -1 grade.The lens group 4 is glass spherical lens, by
Three pieces lens composition, material can be with flexible choice according to spectral coverage.
The present invention is significantly improved since catadioptric optical element is combined with plane grating in big visual field
The advantages of function of band detection, system, is as follows:
1. compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system structure is simple, compact, only contain one
Non-spherical reflector and a lens group, system have excellent imaging, spectrum bending and spectrum distortion small.Visual field be greater than 5 ° and
In the case of 1 μm -2.5 μm of wavelength band, spatial resolution 0.27mrad and spectral resolution 5nm, each wavelength system may be implemented
System passes letter and is better than 0.6 at nyquist frequency 20lp/mm, and the outer visual field spectrum of axis is bent less than one pixel, and spectrum distortion is small
In 3%.
2. spectrometer non-spherical reflector coaxial design, is not present off-axis aberration, the design of reflecting mirror object lens of large relative aperture is big
Instrument axial profile size is reduced greatly；By changing plane grating reflection angle, it is easy to accomplish the cloth of reflecting mirror and lens group
Office reduces instrument width direction shape；And rear cut-off distance is suitble to all kinds of detector distances, installs convenient for detector；Select reflecting mirror
The combination of coke ratios different with lens group, may be implemented the focal length variations of big zoom ratio, be suitble to all kinds of relative aperture circuit ambients；Choosing
Lens group unlike material is selected, it is expansible to be suitable for wide spectrum areas imaging.
3. compact refraction-reflection plane grating spectrograph form is widely used, space flight and aviation, industry, life can apply to
The various high light spectrum image-forming fields such as object, chemistry, medical material and geological prospecting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system light path figure, (1) slit, (2) aspheric
Face reflecting mirror, (3) plane grating, (4) lens group, (5) planar array detector.
Specific embodiment
The present invention devises a kind of compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system, and major technique refers to
It marks as follows:
1. entrance pupil bore 25mm, optical system focal length 90mm；
2. spectral coverage range: 1000-2500nm, spectral resolution 5nm；
3. full filed: 5 °；
4. 25 μm of planar array detector Pixel size, pixel number 640*512；
5. spatial resolution: being better than 0.27mrad；
6. it is small less than the bending of 3%, spectrum better than 0.6, spectrum distortion at nyquist frequency 20lp/mm that full filed passes letter
In a pixel.
The specific design parameter of optical system is as shown in table 1:
The specific design parameter of 1 optical system of table
Claims (4)
1. a kind of compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system, including object lens and refraction-reflection planar light
Two parts of grating spectrograph, it is characterised in that:
The refraction-reflection plane grating spectrograph includes slit (1), non-spherical reflector (2), plane grating (3), lens
Group (4) and planar array detector (5)；
One band of scenery target first passes through object lens convergence and is imaged on position of focal plane slit (1), catadioptric plane grating light
Spectrometer effect is to carry out dispersion imaging to slit (1), passes sequentially through non-spherical reflector (2) reflection, plane grating (3) reflected colour
It is imaged on by wavelength difference on the different location of planar array detector (5) after dissipating light splitting, lens group (4) transmission convergence, then with instrument
Platform traffic direction pushes away the image for sweeping to obtain collection of illustrative plates.
2. compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the non-spherical reflector (2) is metal or glass reflector, and face shape is 10 rank high order aspheric surfaces.
3. compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the plane grating (3) is reflection diffraction balzed grating, and reflection level is -1 grade.
4. compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the lens group (4) is spherical lens, is made of three pieces lens, and material is selected according to the operating spectrum band of spectrometer.
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| CN201910618699.0A CN110375854A (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | A kind of compact refraction-reflection plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110887565A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-17 | 苏州大学 | Push-broom type airborne hyperspectral imaging system with ultra-large field of view and imaging method thereof |
| CN111175424A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-19 | 大连依利特分析仪器有限公司 | Diode array detector based on multi-stage signal calibration and calibration method |
| CN118209517A (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-06-18 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Compact visible near infrared band spectrum detection device |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103048045A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Long-wave infrared plane grating imaging spectrum system with function of eliminating spectral line bending |
| CN107271038A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of high resolution spectrometer system |
| CN210268902U (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-04-07 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Compact refraction and reflection type plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system |
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2019
- 2019-07-10 CN CN201910618699.0A patent/CN110375854A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103048045A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Long-wave infrared plane grating imaging spectrum system with function of eliminating spectral line bending |
| CN107271038A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of high resolution spectrometer system |
| CN210268902U (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-04-07 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Compact refraction and reflection type plane grating hyperspectral imager optical system |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110887565A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-17 | 苏州大学 | Push-broom type airborne hyperspectral imaging system with ultra-large field of view and imaging method thereof |
| CN110887565B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-06-06 | 苏州大学 | Ultra-large view field push-broom type airborne hyperspectral imaging system and imaging method thereof |
| CN111175424A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-19 | 大连依利特分析仪器有限公司 | Diode array detector based on multi-stage signal calibration and calibration method |
| CN111175424B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2022-04-08 | 大连依利特分析仪器有限公司 | Diode array detector based on multi-stage signal calibration and calibration method |
| CN118209517A (en) * | 2024-03-26 | 2024-06-18 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Compact visible near infrared band spectrum detection device |
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Application publication date: 20191025 |