CN110375780A - The method of the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR - Google Patents
The method of the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35303—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using a reference fibre, e.g. interferometric devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35338—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
- G01D5/35354—Sensor working in reflection
- G01D5/35358—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
- G01D5/35361—Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity using elastic backscattering to detect the measured quantity, e.g. using Rayleigh backscattering
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR, comprising steps of inscribing the first grating, the second grating respectively as mark at Fibre Optical Sensor section head and the tail both ends；Before fibercuts, optical fiber OFDR curve data is acquired as reference data；After disconnected fibre continued access, optical fiber OFDR curve data is acquired as data to be compared；According to fibercuts position, first or second grating is chosen as reference identification, since being broken neighbouring position, data to be compared are divided with grating equal length window, reference grating data and each window data are subjected to discrete computing cross-correlation, the maximum window of correlation function value is the approximate location of grating after offset；The mobile above-mentioned window of small range and reference grating make computing cross-correlation, and the related coefficient place of being greater than the set value is the accurate location of grating after offset；According to the relative displacement of reference optical fiber, complement point is carried out to raw sensory interval censored data, eliminates the offset of each sensing point position caused by disconnected fine continued access.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing, more specifically, are related to a kind of method of disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR.
Background technique
Along with the development of optical communication technique, optical fiber sensing technology gradually forms and gradually replaces traditional sensing technology.
Optical fiber sensing technology is depended greatly on using optical fiber as basic sensing element, sensing sensitivity and measurement accuracy
Optical signal analysis technology.As a kind of advanced light analysis technology of principle, OFDR (probe beam deflation) technology is efficiently solved
Contradiction between OTDR technique spatial resolution and dynamic range has higher measurement spatial resolution and sensitivity, can be wide
General temperature and strain sensing applied to fields such as civil engineering, medicine, aerospace, electric power.
Strain measurement is one of main sensing function of OFDR technology.For the accuracy for guaranteeing measurement result, sensor fibre
It should be bonded with close structure to be measured, and reduce intermediate medium as far as possible, to improve strain transmission efficiency, therefore in most of strains
In test scene, optical fiber is sensed in the case where the protection of no other materials.Due to the complexity of construction environment, use
Environment it is severe, embedded or during be on active service, sensor fibre is easily broken.Although welding reparation can be such that optical path restores
It is unimpeded, but the variation of caused fiber lengths causes position between sensing unit to shift.Since OFDR sensing principle is will to sense
Interval division is multiple windows, and each window includes the Ruili signaling point of several positions, is believed by reference signal window and measurement
The Rayleigh Scattering Spectra that number window computing cross-correlation obtains is mobile to obtain strain/temperature change value, and this requires two segment signal windows
The corresponding physical location of mouth is completely the same.And the corresponding position of each Ruili signaling point is micron dimension, micro length becomes
Change the offset that will cause multiple signal point positions, causes original reference to be no longer applicable in, sensing measurement can not carry out, especially
In some high spatial resolutions (such as 1mm) sensing measurement, this influence is more obvious.In the monitoring of continuous multistage, optical fiber
Fracture bring measure and terminate, it is meant that the failure of entire monitoring process wastes a lot of manpower and material resources.
According to above-mentioned analysis, it is desirable to continue sensing measurement under original reference, it is necessary to make length benefit to the optical fiber after recovery
It repays.But fiber lengths are influenced vulnerable to ambient temperature, strain etc., judge that fiber lengths variation does not have using optical fiber tail-end as mark
There is accuracy, it would be highly desirable to a kind of accurately length compensation method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR, precisely compensate OFDR sensing measurement light
Length variation caused by after fibre fracture continued access, to solve the problems, such as that measurement can not continue.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of method of disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR is provided, method includes the following steps:
A. the first grating, the second grating are inscribed respectively as mark at Fibre Optical Sensor section head and the tail both ends；
B. before fibercuts, cooperate OFDR device, acquire optical fiber OFDR curve data as reference data；
C. break after fine continued access, cooperate OFDR device, acquire optical fiber OFDR curve data as data to be compared；
D. according to fibercuts position, selection first or second grating is as reference identification, since being broken neighbouring position,
Data to be compared are divided with grating equal length window, the collected reference grating data of OFDR device and each window data are carried out
Discrete computing cross-correlation, the maximum window of correlation function value are the approximate location of grating after offset；
E. the mobile above-mentioned window of small range and reference grating make computing cross-correlation, and the related coefficient place of being greater than the set value is offset
The accurate location of grating afterwards；
F. according to the relative displacement of reference optical fiber, complement point is carried out to raw sensory interval censored data, disconnected fine continued access is eliminated and causes
Each sensing point position offset.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, related coefficient is greater than at 0.8 for the accurate location of grating after offset.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, first, second grating is nonreciprocal weak reflecting grating, the non-left and right pair of geometry
Claim, two raster shapes are inconsistent.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, first, second grating, for reflectivity less than 1%, wavelength covers the scanning of OFDR system
Wave band.
Connect above-mentioned technical proposal, the selection of grating mark is determined by the position of fibercuts, breaking part the first grating it
Before, choosing the first grating is mark grating；For breaking part between the first, second grating, choosing the second grating is mark grating.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, the length of window of the discrete computing cross-correlation is identical as the grating length.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, the mobile interval of the small range of window is determined that magnitude is micron order by OFDR spatial resolution
Not.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, the relative displacement for identifying grating is the offset of each sensing point position.
The beneficial effect comprise that: the method for the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR of the invention using grating as identifying,
By the discrete computing cross-correlation of disconnected fine front and back optical fiber OFDR curve, the offset of stop position is obtained.It is being passed according to the offset
Upper complement point between sensillary area, it is ensured that with reference to constant, OFDR sensing measurement can continue accurately to carry out.This method effectively avoids
It measures and stops caused by sensor fibre fracture, length compensation precision reaches micron level, does not influence measurement accuracy, not by optical fiber
The influence of length variation, fully meets the demand of high-acruracy survey in severe engineering-environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is fracture of the embodiment of the present invention before the first grating, before fracture and after disconnected fine continued access, collected optical fiber
OFDR curve；
Fig. 3 is the OFDR curve of the first grating of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the OFDR curve of the second grating of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is fracture of the embodiment of the present invention between the first, second grating, collected before fracture and after disconnected fine continued access
Optical fiber OFDR curve；
Fig. 6 is that the embodiment of the present invention judges in stop position migration process, the result of discrete computing cross-correlation.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
The principle of the present invention is as follows:
OFDR (optical frequency domain reflectometer) sensing be using under the influence of no strain temperature in optical fiber Rayleigh scattering signal as refer to,
Strain or temperature are obtained relative to the movement of reference signal spectrum by measuring signal.It acquires under reference state and measures respectively
The OFDR curve of optical fiber under state is started with selected sensing section starting point, using the region of multiple point compositions as a window
Entire sensing section is divided, the correspondence window of reference signal and measuring signal is transformed into after wavelength domain and does computing cross-correlation, phase
The movement for closing peak position represents the drift of spectrum.When fiber lengths change, the position of each point is deviated, and is surveyed
Each of window chosen is started with identical starting point in amount signal and puts no longer corresponding with reference signal, computing cross-correlation mistake
Effect.
Fiber grating has reflection characteristic for the light of specific wavelength, and OFDR curve is obvious and stable reflection peak.
It is Δ L by the offset that computing cross-correlation obtains stop position after continued access using grating as mark, then needs in sensing segment
Complement point number are as follows:
Wherein, Δ x is OFDR spatial resolution.After complement point, fine front and back two of breaking senses section head and the tail and is aligned, and each window is one by one
Corresponding, sensing continues, and measurement accuracy is unaffected.
In view of some problems that OFDR system is likely to occur in the measurements, need to do some restrictions to mark grating.For
OFDR system caused by avoiding optical grating reflection rate excessive receives saturation, selects weak reflecting grating of the reflectivity less than 1%；OFDR is surveyed
The randomized jitter of some signals is had in amount, and it is whether right as stop position before and after judging continued access that related coefficient can be greater than to 0.8
Neat standard；In view of disconnected fine position, there are the possibility of particularity, avoid the occurrence of erroneous judgement, guarantee discrete computing cross-correlation result
Uniqueness, accuracy, mark grating select nonreciprocal grating, have directionality, and former and later two raster shapes are inconsistent.
The method of the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, method includes the following steps:
A. the first grating, the second grating are inscribed respectively as mark at Fibre Optical Sensor section head and the tail both ends；
B. before fibercuts, cooperate OFDR device, acquire optical fiber OFDR curve data as reference data；
C. break after fine continued access, cooperate OFDR device, acquire optical fiber OFDR curve data as data to be compared；
D. according to fibercuts position, selection first or second grating is as reference identification, since being broken neighbouring position,
Data to be compared are divided with grating equal length window, the collected reference grating data of OFDR device and each window data are carried out
Discrete computing cross-correlation, the maximum window of correlation function value are the approximate location of grating after offset；
E. the mobile above-mentioned window of small range and reference grating make computing cross-correlation, and the related coefficient place of being greater than the set value is offset
The accurate location of grating afterwards；
F. according to the relative displacement of reference optical fiber, complement point is carried out to raw sensory interval censored data, disconnected fine continued access is eliminated and causes
Each sensing point position offset.
Further, related coefficient is greater than at 0.8 for the accurate location of grating after offset.
Further, first, second grating is nonreciprocal weak reflecting grating, the non-bilateral symmetry of geometry, two light
Grid shape is inconsistent.
Further, first, second grating, less than 1%, wavelength covers OFDR system and scans wave band reflectivity.
Further, the selection of grating mark is determined by the position of fibercuts, and breaking part is chosen before the first grating
First grating is mark grating；For breaking part between the first, second grating, choosing the second grating is mark grating.
Further, the length of window of the discrete computing cross-correlation is identical as the grating length.
Further, the mobile interval of the small range of window is determined that magnitude is micron level by OFDR spatial resolution.
Further, the relative displacement for identifying grating is the offset of each sensing point position.
In one embodiment of the present of invention, the first grating A, the second grating B are inscribed respectively at sensing section head and the tail both ends and is made
For mark, two raster center wavelength are 1550nm, and reflectivity is about 10-4%, two sections of left and right accounting are 3:2, OFDR acquisition system
Spatial discrimination of uniting is 20 microns.Two grating OFDR curves are as shown in Figures 3 and 4.First and second grating is located at sense light
At fine head and the tail 0.58-0.59m and 1.345-1.355m.
Before fibercuts and after disconnected fine continued access, cooperates OFDR device, optical fiber OFDR curve data is acquired, as shown in Fig. 2, horizontal
Coordinate is distance, and ordinate is reflected intensity, and 0.8-1.2m is the sensing section chosen among optical fiber.
Fibercuts is in front of the first grating, and whole section of optical fiber is translate forward.The first grating is chosen as mark.According to light
Gate length is 1cm, by fracture position, using 1cm length as window, the reflectance data after fracture position is divided into multiple
Window is that reference does computing cross-correlation with multiple window datas with optical grating reflection intensity.Find the window of cross-correlation function maximum value
Mouth is the rough location of grating after offset, with 20 microns of spacing small range moving grating positions, until grating and window reflection
Intensity cross-correlation coefficient is 0.88, obtains stop position offset 0.204m.
The spatial resolution of OFDR device is 20 microns, according to off-centre value, by the forward direction for sensing section initial position
10200 points of preceding benefit, it is perfectly aligned that fine front and back two of breaking senses section head and the tail.
Another embodiment of the invention is that fracture occurs between the first, second mark grating, before fibercuts and continuous
It is as shown in Figure 5 to connect the rear collected curve of OFDR device.The second grating is chosen as mark, continued access puts down grating forward after fracture
It moves.According to grating length be 1cm, by fracture position, using 1cm length as window, by the reflectance data after fracture position
Multiple windows are divided into, are that reference does computing cross-correlation with multiple window datas with optical grating reflection intensity.Find correlation function most
Big value window is the rough location of grating after offset, with 20 microns of spacing small range moving grating positions, until grating and the window
Oral reflex intensity cross-correlation coefficient is 0.91, obtains stop position offset 0.1988m.
The spatial resolution of OFDR device is 20 microns, according to off-centre value, mends 9994 points backward by fracture position,
It is perfectly aligned that disconnected fine front and back two senses section head and the tail.
To sum up, the method for the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR of the invention passes through disconnected fine front and back optical fiber using grating as mark
The discrete computing cross-correlation of OFDR curve, obtains the offset of stop position.According to the offset sensing section on complement point, it is ensured that
With reference to constant, OFDR sensing measurement can continue accurately to carry out.This method effectively prevents sensor fibre fracture and makes
At measurement stop, length compensation precision reach micron level, do not influence measurement accuracy, not by fiber lengths variation influenced,
Fully meet the demand of high-acruracy survey in severe engineering-environment.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
A. the first grating, the second grating are inscribed respectively as mark at Fibre Optical Sensor section head and the tail both ends；
B. before fibercuts, cooperate OFDR device, acquire optical fiber OFDR curve data as reference data；
C. break after fine continued access, cooperate OFDR device, acquire optical fiber OFDR curve data as data to be compared；
D. according to fibercuts position, first or second grating is chosen as reference identification, since being broken neighbouring position, with light
Grid equal length window divides data to be compared, and the collected reference grating data of OFDR device and the progress of each window data are discrete
Computing cross-correlation, the maximum window of correlation function value are the approximate location of grating after offset；
E. the mobile above-mentioned window of small range and reference grating make computing cross-correlation, and the related coefficient place of being greater than the set value is light after offset
The accurate location of grid；
F. according to the relative displacement of reference optical fiber, complement point is carried out to raw sensory interval censored data, is eliminated each caused by disconnected fine continued access
The offset of sensing point position.
2. the method for the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR according to claim 1, which is characterized in that related coefficient is greater than at 0.8
For the accurate location of grating after offset.
3. the method for the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first, second grating
For nonreciprocal weak reflecting grating, the non-bilateral symmetry of geometry, two raster shapes are inconsistent.
4. the method for the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first, second grating,
Less than 1%, wavelength covers OFDR system and scans wave band reflectivity.
5. the method for the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the selection of grating mark is by light
The position of fibre fracture determines that for breaking part before the first grating, choosing the first grating is mark grating；Breaking part is first,
Between two gratings, choosing the second grating is mark grating.
6. the method for the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the discrete computing cross-correlation
Length of window it is identical as the grating length.
7. the method for the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR according to claim 1, which is characterized in that between the small range of window is mobile
It is determined every by OFDR spatial resolution, magnitude is micron level.
8. the method for the disconnected fine continued access measurement of OFDR according to claim 1, which is characterized in that identify the relative displacement of grating
For the offset of each sensing point position.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111006708A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-14 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Measuring point positioning error compensation method for distributed optical fiber sensor |
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