CN110374117B - Road high slope protection method - Google Patents
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- CN110374117B CN110374117B CN201910648992.1A CN201910648992A CN110374117B CN 110374117 B CN110374117 B CN 110374117B CN 201910648992 A CN201910648992 A CN 201910648992A CN 110374117 B CN110374117 B CN 110374117B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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Abstract
The invention provides a road high slope protection method, belonging to the technical field of road civil engineering safety, and comprising the following steps: (1) finishing a high slope; (2) constructing an anchor rod; (3) excavating a foundation and binding reinforcing steel bars; (4) constructing a template; (5) pouring concrete; (6) maintaining and removing the sash beam; (7) sowing grass seeds and (8) slope maintenance management. The method can well protect the high slope, is simple and convenient, and has the advantages that the constructed protective facility has stronger crack resistance and frost resistance, and the method does not occupy larger space and does not influence the aesthetic property of the high slope when the high slope of the road is protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of road civil engineering safety, and particularly relates to a road high slope protection method.
Background
In road construction, due to geomorphic and topographic reasons, urban roads have large height difference with surrounding terrains, high slope subgrades are often formed, along with the development of economy in China, the demand of people on road construction is increased day by day, and because high slopes are closely related to the safety and stability of the roads, the protection of high slopes plays an important role in road protection. Generally, geological, hydrological and climatic conditions are main factors influencing the stability of a high side slope of a road, and for the factors, people gradually develop various high side slope protection technologies, including a plastering and hammering technology, a plant planting technology, a soil nail supporting technology, a prestress anchoring technology, an anti-slide pile technology, a retaining wall technology and the like.
Wangze in a thesis (Wangze, application of anchor-spray support in road engineering high slope protection [ J ]. Chinese scientific and technical information, 2007(21): 50-51.) discloses protection of an anchor-spray support section on a high slope, which comprises the steps of erecting a scaffold, clearing up side slope dangerous stones and loose parts, drilling holes, clearing holes, placing anchor reinforcing steel bars, performing primary grouting, stretching prestressed anchor rods and anchoring, performing secondary grouting, hanging reinforcing steel bar meshes, arranging drain holes, spraying concrete and maintaining, wherein after the anchor-spray support section is completed, a slope surface is free of damage and chipping, and meanwhile after the slope is washed by rainwater, the slope is stable and attractive in appearance, driving safety is guaranteed, and expected effects are achieved.
Chinese patent CN201820968079.0 discloses a high slope protection device, high slope stone side blasting flyrock protector include domatic cover net, intercept net, the cover net include top stock, steel rope net, side stock, conveyor belt, connecting pin hole, grab nail, presser foot braided bag, the intercept net includes channel-section steel, I-steel, pole setting basis, external tire, wire rope, tractive stock, can practice thrift the cost on the basis of guaranteeing safety ring protects, produces better social and economic benefits. But such a guard will affect the aesthetics of the high slope.
Aiming at the problems of complex construction, time consumption, influence on attractiveness and the like of the road high slope protection method, a road high slope protection method is needed to be found, so that the method is simple and convenient to protect the high slope, does not occupy large space, and does not influence the attractiveness of the high slope.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a road high slope protection method, which can be used for well protecting a high slope, is simple and convenient, has stronger crack resistance and freeze-thaw resistance of constructed protection facilities, does not occupy larger space and does not influence the aesthetic property of the high slope when protecting the road high slope.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a road high slope protection method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) finishing a high slope: cleaning sundries and loose rock fragments on the working surface to ensure that the working surface is as flat as possible; (2) anchor rod construction: drilling to a designed depth, inserting an anchor rod, and performing pressure grouting;
(3) foundation excavation and reinforcement: the foundation excavation accurately excavates the outline of a single beam rib according to the sizes of a vertical beam and a transverse beam of a frame and the thickness of a template which are actually required; firstly, constructing a vertical beam by binding reinforcing steel bars, reserving a beam reinforcing steel bar at a joint, and constructing a beam after the vertical beam is formed; before the frame steel bars are arranged in the construction, the floating slag at the bottom of the frame foundation is removed to ensure the foundation to be compact, and a 1:3 cement mortar cushion layer is laid at the bottom; punching short steel bar anchors on the slope surface; the bound steel bars are padded up by mortar cushion blocks, keep a certain distance with the slope surface and are firmly connected with the short steel bar anchors; welding the tail part of the anchor rod and the vertical beam steel bar in the step (2) into a whole, and locally adjusting the distance between stirrups if the anchor rod is interfered with the stirrups;
(4) constructing a template: splicing templates outside the steel bars according to the actual size of the steel bars, and coating a concrete release agent on the outer sides of the templates;
(5) pouring concrete: pouring concrete into the template, wherein the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 180-250 parts of cement, 300-400 parts of pebble, 200-320 parts of river sand, 5-7 parts of cotton fiber, 50-80 parts of fly ash, 15-30 parts of activated carbon and 100-150 parts of water;
(6) maintaining and removing the sash beam: watering the sash beam and maintaining at normal temperature;
(7) paving fine surface soil and planting plants: selecting proper plants for planting according to local climatic conditions, geography, hydrology factors and the like;
(8) and (5) slope surface maintenance management.
Further, in the step (2), the pressure grouting is carried out, wherein the slurry is cement mortar with the weight ratio of cement to sand to water being 1:3:0.6, and the pressure is 0.4-0.8 MPa.
Preferably, the concrete in the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 240 parts of cement 200-.
Further preferably, the concrete in the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 220 parts of cement, 360 parts of pebbles, 280 parts of river sand, 6 parts of cotton fibers, 65 parts of fly ash, 21 parts of activated carbon and 130 parts of water.
Further, the preparation method of the concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring cement, pebbles, river sand and water to obtain a mixed material A, and mixing fly ash and activated carbon to obtain a mixed material B;
s2, cutting cotton fibers, soaking the cut cotton fibers in absolute ethyl alcohol, standing at normal temperature, heating and then standing;
and S3, mixing the mixture A obtained in the step S1 with the cotton fibers soaked in the step S2, adding the mixture B twice, and stirring to obtain the concrete.
Further, the step S2 is to stand at normal temperature for 2-3 hours, and to stand again after the temperature is raised for 0.5-2 hours.
Further, the temperature is raised and then the mixture is allowed to stand in the step S2, wherein the temperature range is 50-70 ℃.
Further, the cutting in step S2 is performed to obtain a length of 1-2 mm.
Further, the adding in step S3 is divided into two times, and the weight ratio of the mixed material B added for the first time to the mixed material B added for the second time is 3-5: 1.
Further, the stirring in the step S1 and the step S3 is carried out at the stirring speed of 30-35r/min for 20-30 min.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the activated carbon to the fly ash to the cotton fiber in the step (5) is 3:9-10: 0.5-1.
Further, the curing in the step (6) and the step (8) is carried out for more than or equal to 7 days.
The technical effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1. the method is simple and convenient, does not occupy larger space, and does not influence the aesthetic property of the high slope;
2. the protective facility constructed by the method has stronger crack resistance and freeze-thaw resistance due to the design of the variety and the proportion of the raw materials.
Detailed Description
It is worth noting that the raw materials and equipment used in the invention are all common commercial products, so the sources are not limited specifically, wherein the river sand is 40-70 mesh river sand, the mass fraction of the absolute ethyl alcohol is not less than 99.5%, and the stones are gravels with the nominal size range of 5-16 mm.
Example 1
A road high slope protection method comprises the following steps:
(1) finishing a high slope;
(2) anchor rod construction: drilling to a designed depth, inserting an anchor rod, and performing pressure grouting, wherein the slurry is cement mortar with the weight ratio of cement to sand to water being 1:3:0.6, and the pressure is 0.4 MPa;
(3) excavating a foundation and binding reinforcing steel bars;
(4) constructing a template;
(5) pouring concrete: the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 180 parts of cement, 300 parts of pebbles, 200 parts of river sand, 5 parts of cotton fibers, 50 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of activated carbon and 100 parts of water;
the preparation method of the concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring cement, pebbles, river sand and water at the stirring speed of 30r/min for 20min to obtain a mixed material A, and mixing fly ash and activated carbon to obtain a mixed material B;
s2, cutting cotton fibers into pieces with the length of 1mm, soaking the cotton fibers in absolute ethyl alcohol, standing the cotton fibers at normal temperature for 2 hours, heating the cotton fibers to 50 ℃, and standing the cotton fibers for 0.5 hour;
and S3, mixing the mixed material A obtained in the step S1 with the cotton fibers soaked in the step S2, adding the mixed material B into the mixture twice, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed material B added for the first time to the mixed material B added for the second time is 3:1, and stirring the mixture to obtain the concrete, wherein the stirring speed is 30r/min, and the stirring time is 20 min.
(6) Maintaining and removing the sash beam: watering the sash beam and curing at normal temperature for 7 days;
(7) paving fine surface soil and planting plants;
(8) and (4) carrying out slope maintenance management, wherein the maintenance time is 7 days.
Example 2
A road high slope protection method comprises the following steps:
(1) finishing a high slope;
(2) anchor rod construction: drilling to a designed depth, inserting an anchor rod, and performing pressure grouting, wherein the slurry is cement mortar with the weight ratio of cement to sand to water being 1:3:0.6, and the pressure is 0.5 MPa;
(3) excavating a foundation and binding reinforcing steel bars;
(4) constructing a template;
(5) pouring concrete: the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 250 parts of cement, 400 parts of pebbles, 320 parts of river sand, 7 parts of cotton fibers, 80 parts of fly ash, 30 parts of activated carbon and 150 parts of water;
the preparation method of the concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring cement, pebbles, river sand and water at the stirring speed of 35r/min for 30min to obtain a mixed material A, and mixing fly ash and activated carbon to obtain a mixed material B;
s2, cutting cotton fibers into pieces with the length of 2mm, soaking the cotton fibers in absolute ethyl alcohol, standing the cotton fibers at normal temperature for 3 hours, heating the cotton fibers to 70 ℃, and standing the cotton fibers for 2 hours;
and S3, mixing the mixed material A obtained in the step S1 with the cotton fibers soaked in the step S2, adding the mixed material B into the mixture twice, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed material B added for the first time to the mixed material B added for the second time is 5:1, and stirring the mixture to obtain the concrete, wherein the stirring speed is 35r/min, and the stirring time is 30 min.
(6) Maintaining and removing the sash beam: watering the sash beams and curing at normal temperature for 8 days;
(7) paving fine surface soil and planting plants;
(8) and (4) carrying out slope maintenance management, wherein the maintenance time is 8 days.
Example 3
A road high slope protection method comprises the following steps:
(1) finishing a high slope;
(2) anchor rod construction: drilling to a designed depth, inserting an anchor rod, and performing pressure grouting, wherein the slurry is cement mortar with the weight ratio of cement to sand to water being 1:3:0.6, and the pressure is 0.6 MPa;
(3) excavating a foundation and binding reinforcing steel bars;
(4) constructing a template;
(5) pouring concrete: the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 220 parts of cement, 360 parts of pebbles, 280 parts of river sand, 6 parts of cotton fibers, 65 parts of fly ash, 21 parts of activated carbon and 130 parts of water;
the preparation method of the concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring the cement, the pebbles, the river sand and the water at the stirring speed of 32r/min for 25min to obtain a mixed material A, and mixing the fly ash and the activated carbon to obtain a mixed material B;
s2, cutting cotton fibers into pieces with the length of 1.5mm, soaking the cotton fibers in absolute ethyl alcohol, standing the cotton fibers at normal temperature for 2.5 hours, heating the cotton fibers to 60 ℃, and standing the cotton fibers for 1 hour;
and S3, mixing the mixed material A obtained in the step S1 with the cotton fibers soaked in the step S2, adding the mixed material B into the mixture twice, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed material B added for the first time to the mixed material B added for the second time is 4:1, and stirring the mixture to obtain the concrete, wherein the stirring speed is 32r/min, and the stirring time is 25 min.
(6) Maintaining and removing the sash beam: watering the sash beam and curing at normal temperature for 7 days;
(7) paving fine surface soil and planting plants;
(8) and (4) carrying out slope maintenance management, wherein the maintenance time is 7 days.
Example 4
A road high slope protection method comprises the following steps:
(1) finishing a high slope;
(2) anchor rod construction: drilling to a designed depth, inserting an anchor rod, and performing pressure grouting, wherein the slurry is cement mortar with the weight ratio of cement to sand to water being 1:3:0.6, and the pressure is 0.7 MPa;
(3) excavating a foundation and binding reinforcing steel bars;
(4) constructing a template;
(5) pouring concrete: the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200 parts of cement, 320 parts of pebbles, 250 parts of river sand, 5.5 parts of cotton fibers, 60 parts of fly ash, 18 parts of activated carbon and 120 parts of water;
the preparation method of the concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring cement, pebbles, river sand and water at the stirring speed of 31r/min for 22min to obtain a mixed material A, and mixing fly ash and activated carbon to obtain a mixed material B;
s2, cutting cotton fibers into pieces with the length of 1mm, soaking the cotton fibers in absolute ethyl alcohol, standing the cotton fibers at normal temperature for 2 hours, heating the cotton fibers to 55 ℃, and standing the cotton fibers for 0.8 hour;
and S3, mixing the mixed material A obtained in the step S1 and the cotton fibers soaked in the step S2, adding the mixed material B into the mixture twice, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed material B added for the first time to the mixed material B added for the second time is 3.5:1, and stirring the mixture to obtain the concrete, wherein the stirring speed is 31r/min, and the stirring time is 22 min.
(6) Maintaining and removing the sash beam: watering the sash beams and curing at normal temperature for 8 days;
(7) paving fine surface soil and planting plants;
(8) and (4) carrying out slope maintenance management, wherein the maintenance time is 8 days.
Example 5
A road high slope protection method comprises the following steps:
(1) finishing a high slope;
(2) anchor rod construction: drilling to a designed depth, inserting an anchor rod, and performing pressure grouting, wherein the slurry is cement mortar with the weight ratio of cement to sand to water being 1:3:0.6, and the pressure is 0.8 MPa;
(3) excavating a foundation and binding reinforcing steel bars;
(4) constructing a template;
(5) pouring concrete: the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 240 parts of cement, 380 parts of pebbles, 300 parts of river sand, 6.5 parts of cotton fibers, 70 parts of fly ash, 25 parts of activated carbon and 140 parts of water;
the preparation method of the concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring cement, pebbles, river sand and water at the stirring speed of 34r/min for 28min to obtain a mixed material A, and mixing fly ash and activated carbon to obtain a mixed material B;
s2, cutting cotton fibers into pieces with the length of 2mm, soaking the cotton fibers in absolute ethyl alcohol, standing the cotton fibers at normal temperature for 3 hours, heating the cotton fibers to 65 ℃, and standing the cotton fibers for 1.5 hours;
and S3, mixing the mixed material A obtained in the step S1 and the cotton fibers soaked in the step S2, adding the mixed material B into the mixture twice, wherein the weight ratio of the mixed material B added for the first time to the mixed material B added for the second time is 4.5:1, and stirring to obtain the concrete, wherein the stirring speed is 34r/min, and the stirring time is 28 min.
(6) Maintaining and removing the sash beam: watering the sash beam and curing at normal temperature for 7 days;
(7) paving fine surface soil and planting plants;
(8) and (4) carrying out slope maintenance management, wherein the maintenance time is 7 days.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 3 is only that the concrete in the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 180 parts of cement, 400 parts of pebbles, 240 parts of river sand, 7 parts of cotton fibers, 50 parts of fly ash, 26 parts of activated carbon and 110 parts of water.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the example 3 is only that the concrete in the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 250 parts of cement, 300 parts of pebbles, 320 parts of river sand, 5 parts of cotton fibers, 72 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of activated carbon and 150 parts of water.
Comparative example 3
The only difference from embodiment 3 is that step S2 is not included.
Comparative example 4
The only difference from example 3 is that the temperature was raised to 40 ℃ in step S2.
Comparative example 5
The only difference from example 3 is that the temperature was raised to 80 ℃ in step S2.
Comparative example 6
The only difference from example 3 is that the weight ratio of the first-charged mixture B to the second-charged mixture B in step S3 was 2: 1.
Comparative example 7
The only difference from example 3 is that the weight ratio of the first-charged mixed material B to the second-charged mixed material B in step S3 was 7: 1.
Test of crack resistance and frost resistance of lattice beam
The early crack resistance test detection results of the sash beams obtained in comparative examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-7 were compared with the early crack resistance test detection results of the ordinary concrete long-term performance and durability test of GBT 50082-2009, which is shown in table 1; a freeze-thaw cycle test was performed according to the "quick freezing method" in the freeze resistance test of the standard, and after 200 times of freeze-thaw cycles, the mass loss rate and the relative dynamic elastic modulus of the lattice beams obtained in comparative examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were examined to obtain table 2.
TABLE 1 early crack test results
TABLE 2 test results of the Freeze proof test
As can be seen from Table 1, in the early crack resistance test tests of examples 1 to 5, the sash beams of example 3 were slightly cracked except that the sash beams were not cracked within 24 hours, and the total cracked area per unit area of the sash beams increased as the curing time increased, but the values were only 20.00 to 92.65mm2·（m2）-1And (4) meeting the standard. The total cracking area per unit area of the lattice beams in comparative examples 1-2 and 6-7 greatly changed, wherein the change of the total cracking area per unit area in comparative examples 1-2 was the largest, and at 24h, the total cracking area per unit area reached 261.23mm2·（m2）-1And 255.36mm2·（m2）-1In comparative examples 3 to 4, the change in the value was small, indicating that the crack resistance of the lattice beam was mainly affected by the composition ratio affected by the raw material and the addition of the raw material during the production, and was less affected by the treatment of the cotton fiber during the production. The sash beam of the invention has good anti-cracking performance on the whole.
As shown in Table 2, after the freeze-thaw cycle test, the mass loss rate of the lattice beams in examples 1 to 5 was in the range of 1.46 to 2.30%, and the relative dynamic elastic modulus was in the range of 72.65 to 92.65%, wherein the freezing resistance of example 3 was the most excellent, and the mass loss rate and the relative dynamic elastic modulus were 1.46% and 92.65%, respectively. The mass loss rate and the relative dynamic elastic modulus of the lattice beams in comparative examples 1 to 7 are both higher than those in examples 1 to 5, so that the raw material component ratio of the concrete and the preparation method of the concrete have great influence on the frost resistance of the lattice beams, and the lattice beams in the invention have good frost resistance.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned contents are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and that the simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A road high slope protection method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) finishing a high slope;
(2) constructing an anchor rod;
(3) excavating a foundation and binding reinforcing steel bars;
(4) constructing a template;
(5) pouring concrete: the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 200-240 parts of cement, 320-380 parts of pebble, 250-300 parts of river sand, 5.5-6.5 parts of cotton fiber, 60-70 parts of fly ash, 18-25 parts of activated carbon and 120-140 parts of water;
(6) maintaining and removing the sash beam;
(7) paving fine surface soil and planting plants;
(8) maintaining and managing the slope;
the weight ratio of the activated carbon to the fly ash to the cotton fiber is 3:9-10: 0.5-1;
the preparation method of the concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring cement, pebbles, river sand and water to obtain a mixed material A, and mixing fly ash and activated carbon to obtain a mixed material B;
s2, cutting cotton fibers, soaking the cut cotton fibers in absolute ethyl alcohol, standing at normal temperature, heating and then standing;
s3, mixing the mixed material A obtained in the step S1 with the cotton fiber soaked in the step S2, adding the mixed material B twice, and stirring to obtain concrete;
and step S2, standing the mixture after the temperature is raised, wherein the temperature range is 55-60 ℃.
2. The road high slope protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and S2, standing at normal temperature for 2-3h, and standing for 0.5-2h after heating.
3. The road high slope protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (S2) cutting into pieces with the length of 1-2 mm.
4. The road high slope protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and S3, adding the mixture B in two times, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture B added for the first time to the mixture B added for the second time is 3-5: 1.
5. The road high slope protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and stirring in the steps S1 and S3, wherein the stirring speed is 30-35r/min, and the stirring time is 20-30 min.
6. The road high slope protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) maintaining for more than or equal to 7 days in the steps (6) and (8).
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| CN201910648992.1A CN110374117B (en) | 2019-07-18 | 2019-07-18 | Road high slope protection method |
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| KR100928179B1 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2009-11-25 | 동부엔지니어링 주식회사 | Fabric for protection slope |
| CN106699084A (en) * | 2016-12-24 | 2017-05-24 | 安徽雷萨重工机械有限公司 | Heat insulation building material |
| CN107989049A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-04 | 重庆建工市政交通工程有限责任公司 | A kind of construction method of frame bank protection |
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