CN110372340A - 一种耐火可塑料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003080 antimitotic agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003138 coordinated effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VSKBCRUQHHGABO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[H][H].[H][H].[H][H] Chemical compound [Al].[H][H].[H][H].[H][H] VSKBCRUQHHGABO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 phosphate trimethylbenzene Ester Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
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- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐火可塑料及其制备方法，该耐火可塑料包括A组分和B组分；所述A组分为磷酸二氢铝溶液；以质量份数计，所述B组份包括：刚玉骨料50‑65份、石英砂5‑10份、刚玉粉料15‑30份、菱镁矿粉5‑10份、抗裂剂10‑18份和增塑剂1‑3份。本发明通过向耐火可塑料中添加硅微粉、磷化硅和钨酸钠的混合物，利用三者的协同配合作用，提高耐火可塑料的抗开裂性；通过向耐火可塑料中添加石英砂和菱镁矿粉，以提高耐火可塑料的耐高温性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种耐火可塑料及其制备方法。
背景技术
耐火可塑料是用耐火骨料和粉料、生黏土和化学复合结合剂及外加剂，经配制混炼、挤压成砖坯状、包装储存一定时间后仍具有良好的可塑性，并可用捣固方法施工。按耐火骨料品种可分为黏土质、高铝质、莫来石质、刚玉质、铬质、碳化硅质和含锆质的耐火可塑料等。按结合剂种类可分为硫酸铝、磷酸、磷酸盐、水玻璃和树脂等结合的耐火可塑料等。耐火可塑料的耐热震性较好，易施工，适用于各种加热炉、均热炉、退火炉、热风炉等，也可用于小型电弧炉的炉盖、高温炉的烧嘴等部位。
由于耐火可塑料常用于高温环境，传统的耐火可塑料容易出现高温条件下开裂等问题；因此，有必要提供一种新型的耐火可塑料，使其具有良好的耐高温性和抗开裂性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种耐火可塑料，使其具有良好的耐高温性能和耐开裂性能。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的一方面提供一种耐火可塑料，该耐火可塑料包括A组分和B组分；
所述A组分为磷酸二氢铝溶液；
以质量份数计，所述B组份包括：刚玉骨料50-65份、石英砂5-10份、刚玉粉料15-30份、菱镁矿粉5-10份、抗裂剂10-18份和增塑剂1-3份。
优选地，所述B组分和A组分的质量比为3-8：1。
优选地，所述磷酸二氢铝溶液的密度为1.4-1.8g/ml。
优选地，以质量份数计，所述抗裂剂包括：硅微粉5-10份、磷化硅2-3份和钨酸钠3-5份。
优选地，所述刚玉骨料的粒径不小于0.1mm，所述石英砂的粒径不小于0.1mm。
优选地，所述刚玉粉料的粒径不大于0.05mm、所述菱镁矿粉的粒径不大于0.05mm。
优选地，所述增塑剂为磷酸三甲苯酯和/或膨润土。
本发明的另一方面提供上述耐火可塑料的制备方法，该制备方法包括：
称取计量的磷酸二氢铝溶液，得到A组分；
将刚玉骨料、石英砂、刚玉粉料、菱镁矿粉、抗裂剂和增塑剂混合均匀，得到B组分。
本发明的技术方案具有如下有益的效果：
本发明通过向耐火可塑料中添加硅微粉、磷化硅和钨酸钠的混合物，利用三者的协同配合作用，提高耐火可塑料的抗开裂性。
本发明通过向耐火可塑料中添加石英砂和菱镁矿粉，以提高耐火可塑料的耐高温性。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
具体实施方式
下面将更详细地描述本发明的优选实施方式。虽然以下描述了本发明的优选实施方式，然而应该理解，可以以各种形式实现本发明而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反，提供这些实施方式是为了使本发明更加透彻和完整，并且能够将本发明的范围完整地传达给本领域的技术人员。
本发明的一方面提供一种耐火可塑料，该耐火可塑料包括A组分和B组分；
所述A组分为磷酸二氢铝溶液；
以质量份数计，所述B组份包括：刚玉骨料50-65份、石英砂5-10份、刚玉粉料15-30份、菱镁矿粉5-10份、抗裂剂10-18份和增塑剂1-3份。
根据本发明，优选地，所述B组分和A组分的质量比为3-8：1。
根据本发明，优选地，所述磷酸二氢铝溶液的密度为1.4-1.8g/ml。
根据本发明，优选地，以质量份数计，所述抗裂剂包括：硅微粉5-10份、磷化硅2-3份和钨酸钠3-5份。
本发明中，抗裂剂由如下方法制得：将硅微粉、磷化硅和钨酸钠混合均匀，即得到抗裂剂。
根据本发明，优选地，所述刚玉骨料的粒径不小于0.1mm，所述石英砂的粒径不小于0.1mm。
根据本发明，优选地，所述刚玉粉料的粒径不大于0.05mm、所述菱镁矿粉的粒径不大于0.05mm。
根据本发明，优选地，所述增塑剂为磷酸三甲苯酯和/或膨润土。
本发明的另一方面提供上述耐火可塑料的制备方法，该制备方法包括：
称取计量的磷酸二氢铝溶液，得到A组分；
将刚玉骨料、石英砂、刚玉粉料、菱镁矿粉、抗裂剂和增塑剂混合均匀，得到B组分。
以下通过实施例进一步说明本发明：
实施例1
本实施例提供一种耐火可塑料，该耐火可塑料包括A组分和B组分；所述A组分为磷酸二氢铝溶液；以质量份数计，所述B组份包括：刚玉骨料55份、石英砂6份、刚玉粉料16份、菱镁矿粉6份、抗裂剂12份和增塑剂1.5份；其中，所述B组分和A组分的质量比为4：1；所述磷酸二氢铝溶液的密度为1.6g/ml。以质量份数计，所述抗裂剂包括：硅微粉6份、磷化硅2份和钨酸钠3份；所述刚玉骨料的粒径不小于0.1mm，所述石英砂的粒径不小于0.1mm；所述刚玉粉料的粒径不大于0.05mm、所述菱镁矿粉的粒径不大于0.05mm；所述增塑剂为磷酸三甲苯酯。
具体制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)称取计量的磷酸二氢铝溶液，得到A组分；
(2)将刚玉骨料、石英砂、刚玉粉料、菱镁矿粉、抗裂剂和增塑剂混合均匀，得到B组分；
其中，抗裂剂由如下方法制得：将硅微粉、磷化硅和钨酸钠混合均匀，即得到抗裂剂。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种耐火可塑料，该耐火可塑料包括A组分和B组分；所述A组分为磷酸二氢铝溶液；以质量份数计，所述B组份包括：刚玉骨料60份、石英砂8份、刚玉粉料22份、菱镁矿粉8份、抗裂剂15份和增塑剂2份；其中，所述B组分和A组分的质量比为6：1；所述磷酸二氢铝溶液的密度为1.6g/ml。以质量份数计，所述抗裂剂包括：硅微粉8份、磷化硅2份和钨酸钠4份；所述刚玉骨料的粒径不小于0.1mm，所述石英砂的粒径不小于0.1mm；所述刚玉粉料的粒径不大于0.05mm、所述菱镁矿粉的粒径不大于0.05mm；所述增塑剂为磷酸三甲苯酯。
具体制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)称取计量的磷酸二氢铝溶液，得到A组分；
(2)将刚玉骨料、石英砂、刚玉粉料、菱镁矿粉、抗裂剂和增塑剂混合均匀，得到B组分；
其中，抗裂剂由如下方法制得：将硅微粉、磷化硅和钨酸钠混合均匀，即得到抗裂剂。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种耐火可塑料，该耐火可塑料包括A组分和B组分；所述A组分为磷酸二氢铝溶液；以质量份数计，所述B组份包括：刚玉骨料65份、石英砂10份、刚玉粉料28份、菱镁矿粉10份、抗裂剂18份和增塑剂2.5份；其中，所述B组分和A组分的质量比为8：1；所述磷酸二氢铝溶液的密度为1.6g/ml。以质量份数计，所述抗裂剂包括：硅微粉10份、磷化硅3份和钨酸钠5份；所述刚玉骨料的粒径不小于0.1mm，所述石英砂的粒径不小于0.1mm；所述刚玉粉料的粒径不大于0.05mm、所述菱镁矿粉的粒径不大于0.05mm；所述增塑剂为磷酸三甲苯酯。
具体制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)称取计量的磷酸二氢铝溶液，得到A组分；
(2)将刚玉骨料、石英砂、刚玉粉料、菱镁矿粉、抗裂剂和增塑剂混合均匀，得到B组分；
其中，抗裂剂由如下方法制得：将硅微粉、磷化硅和钨酸钠混合均匀，即得到抗裂剂。
测试例
将上述实施例的A、B组分混合均匀，然后放入模具中压实固化，脱模后在900℃下煅烧3小时，然后测试抗压强度和抗折强度，具体测试结果见表1。
表1
以上已经描述了本发明的各实施例，上述说明是示例性的，并非穷尽性的，并且也不限于所披露的各实施例。在不偏离所说明的各实施例的范围和精神的情况下，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。
Claims (8)
1.一种耐火可塑料，其特征在于，该耐火可塑料包括A组分和B组分；
所述A组分为磷酸二氢铝溶液；
以质量份数计，所述B组份包括：刚玉骨料50-65份、石英砂5-10份、刚玉粉料15-30份、菱镁矿粉5-10份、抗裂剂10-18份和增塑剂1-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐火可塑料，其中，所述B组分和A组分的质量比为3-8：1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐火可塑料，其中，所述磷酸二氢铝溶液的密度为1.4-1.8g/ml。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐火可塑料，其中，以质量份数计，所述抗裂剂包括：硅微粉5-10份、磷化硅2-3份和钨酸钠3-5份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的耐火可塑料，其中，所述刚玉骨料的粒径不小于0.1mm，所述石英砂的粒径不小于0.1mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的耐火可塑料，其中，所述刚玉粉料的粒径不大于0.05mm、所述菱镁矿粉的粒径不大于0.05mm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的耐火可塑料，其中，所述增塑剂为磷酸三甲苯酯和/或膨润土。
8.权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的耐火可塑料的制备方法，其特征在于，该制备方法包括：
称取计量的磷酸二氢铝溶液，得到A组分；
将刚玉骨料、石英砂、刚玉粉料、菱镁矿粉、抗裂剂和增塑剂混合均匀，得到B组分。
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