CN110370934A - A kind of device and method of the improvement bow net current-carrying frictional wear based on magnetic field regulation - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of the improvement bow net current-carrying frictional wear based on magnetic field regulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110370934A CN110370934A CN201910696098.1A CN201910696098A CN110370934A CN 110370934 A CN110370934 A CN 110370934A CN 201910696098 A CN201910696098 A CN 201910696098A CN 110370934 A CN110370934 A CN 110370934A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60M1/00—Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
- B60M1/12—Trolley lines; Accessories therefor
- B60M1/13—Trolley wires
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of device and methods of improvement bow net current-carrying frictional wear based on magnetic field regulation, which includes high-density solenoid, wireless frequency phase tester, pressure sensor, current signal generator and PC machine；Wireless frequency phase tester and pressure sensor are connect with the PC machine, and the high-density solenoid is connect by current signal generator with the PC machine.The present invention not only effectively improves the case where bow net current-carrying frictional wear, while also improving energy transmission efficiency and current carrying quality, and structure is simple, significant effect, has very strong practical value and promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnetic field regulation and bow net technical fields, and in particular to a kind of improvement bow net load based on magnetic field regulation
Flow the device and method of fretting wear.
Background technique
The key position that electric railway electric locomotive obtains power is Pantograph-OCS system: by being mounted on traction unit or machine
One or more pantograph on vehicle vehicle realizes the traction power supply to locomotive from contact net collection obtaining current.Overhead contact line
Conducting wire and pantograph pan partner current-carrier friction pairs, this dynamic interaction and friction and wear behavior to current-carrier friction pairs
The runnability of service life and electric locomotive to contact line and slide plate and safety play a decisive role.
Pantograph and contact net are in close contact mechanically and electrically upper, and any failure can all directly affect the normal of pantograph
The service life for taking stream and Pantograph-OCS system may threaten the safety traffic of electric locomotive when serious.When the contact between bow net
When pressure is smaller, the impact vibration between Contact Pair aggravates, and significantly reduces the current carrying quality of train, while pantograph is not at one
Operation easily causes offline electric arc on horizontal plane, the heat of electric arc may ablation contact line and slide plate, can even be melted when serious
Disconnected contact line；When contact pressure increases, the offline electric arc of bow net can be suppressed to a certain extent, but the machinery between bow net
Abrasion aggravation.The Uplifting amount that excessive contact pressure will lead to contact line increases, and excessive bending stress is generated to contact line, this
On the one hand sample can aggravate the fatigue wear of contact line, shorten active time, increase maintenance cost, on the other hand may cause by electricity
Bow slide plate collides locator and causes accident between pantograph.So suitable bow net contact pressure can not only ensure contact line with by
The good dynamic interaction of pantograph slider, moreover it is possible to guarantee the safe operation of train.Therefore a kind of device is needed, enables to bend
Within the scope of net contact pressure maintains railway rower or national standard, to ensure that the stabilization of Pantograph-OCS system is flowed, slow down
The abnormal wear situation of bow net contact pair, improves the service state of contact line and pantograph pan to extend its service life,
It increases economic efficiency.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, the improvement bow net current-carrying provided by the invention based on magnetic field regulation, which rubs, to be ground
The device and method of damage solves existing because bow net contact pressure is smaller, shock and vibration aggravation, offline electricity between Contact Pair
Arc takes place frequently and because bow net contact pressure is larger, contact line and the aggravation of slide plate abnormal wear, the Uplifting amount increase of contact line, Yi Yinqi
The problems such as accident between pantograph.
In order to achieve the above object of the invention, a kind of the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: improvement bow based on magnetic field regulation
The device of net current-carrying frictional wear, including high-density solenoid, wireless frequency phase tester, pressure sensor, current signal hair
Raw device and PC machine；
The wireless frequency phase tester and pressure sensor are connect with the PC machine, and the high-density solenoid passes through
Current signal generator is connect with the PC machine.
Further, the high-density solenoid is set to the underface of pantograph pan bracket；
The wireless frequency phase tester is set on pantograph chassis；
The pressure sensor is set to the left and right ends of pantograph pan bracket lower surface.
Further, the length of the high-density solenoid is less than or equal to pantograph pan length, and diameter is less than pantograph
Slide plate width.
Further, the pressure sensor is high-precision insulation strain pressure transducer.
A method of improving bow net current-carrying frictional wear, comprising the following steps:
S1, the phase angle in current-carrying contact line is acquired by wireless frequency phase tester in real time, and is transmitted to PC machine；
S2, it acquires slide plate both ends pressure in real time by pressure sensor and is transmitted to PC machine；
S3, bow net dynamic touch pressure is calculated according to the slide plate both ends pressure received by PC machine, and judges to bend
Whether net dynamic touch pressure is in preset exposure pressure limit；
If so, entering step S4；
If it is not, then return step S1；
Phase angle on S4, the current-carrying contact line received according to PC machine, calculate need to be passed through high-density solenoid electric current it is strong
Degree and direction, and it is sent to current signal generator；
S5, corresponding current signal is generated by current signal generator, and be passed through in high-density solenoid, contact current-carrying
Line is changed bow net dynamic touch pressure by Ampere force；
S6, step S1-S5 is repeated, makes bow net dynamic touch pressure always in preset exposure pressure limit, and then improved
Bow net current-carrying frictional wear.
It further, is forward current when the phase angle θ in the step S1 in current-carrying contact line is 0 °~180 °；Current-carrying
Contact line current phase angle θ is reverse current when being 180 °~360 °.
Further, bow net dynamic touch pressure F in the step S3 are as follows:
F=F0+FR+FAER+FDYN+FA
In formula, F0For Static Contact power；
FRThe frictional resistance being subject to for pantograph hinge point；
FAERFor air force；
FDYNFor dynamic contact force component；
FAThe Ampere force regulated and controled by magnetic field being subject to for current-carrying contact line.
Further, in the step S4, when need to be passed through the close current strength around line of fall pipe and direction by PC machine calculating,
According to the phase angle of wireless frequency phase tester measurement and bow net dynamic touch pressure F is calculated it is determined；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F > FMAX, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be forward current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；Xiang Mi
Being passed through reverse current around solenoid makes it generate vertical magnetic field inwards, the magnetic that current-carrying contact line is formed in high-density solenoid at this time
In by perpendicular to the ground to upper Ampere force FA, and then reduce bow net dynamic touch pressure；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F > FMAX, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be reverse current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；Xiang Mi
Being passed through forward current around solenoid makes it generate vertical outside magnetic field, the magnetic that current-carrying contact line is formed in high-density solenoid at this time
By Ampere force upward perpendicular to the ground in, and then reduce bow net dynamic touch pressure；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F < FMIN, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be forward current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；Xiang Mi
Being passed through forward current around solenoid makes it generate vertical outside magnetic field, the magnetic that current-carrying contact line is formed in high-density solenoid at this time
By Ampere force downward perpendicular to the ground in, and then increase bow net dynamic touch pressure；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F < FMIN, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be reverse current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；Xiang Mi
Being passed through reverse current around solenoid makes it generate vertical magnetic field inwards, and current-carrying contact line is in the close magnetic formed around line of fall pipe at this time
By Ampere force downward perpendicular to the ground in, and then increase bow net dynamic touch pressure；
Wherein, FMINFor the minimum value of preset exposure pressure limit, FMAXFor the maximum value of preset exposure pressure limit.
Further, the current strength i for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to bow net dynamic touch pressure F are as follows:
In formula, B is the magnetic field strength for the high-density solenoid being powered；
μ0For space permeability；
N is the coil turn of high-density solenoid；
Wherein, the magnetic field strength B of the high-density solenoid of energization are as follows:
In formula, Δ F is the difference of current bow net dynamic touch pressure F and preset exposure pressure limit extreme value, as F < FMIN
When, Δ F=F-FMIN, work as F > FMAXWhen, Δ F=FMAX-F；
I is the electric current by contact line；
L is the effective length that current-carrying contact line is in the magnetic field of high-density solenoid generation；
α is the angle between the magnetic field direction B that the current direction in current-carrying contact line and high-density solenoid generate.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) present invention adds current-carrying multilayer high-density solenoid by outer immediately below pantograph pan bracket, and in real time to bow
Net dynamic touch pressure is monitored, and then is fed back and be compared to PC machine with preset contact pressure interval value, then pass through PC
Machine regulates and controls the current strength and current direction of multilayer high-density solenoid, the Ampere force being subject in magnetic field using current-carrying contact line
Make bow net dynamic touch pressure in preset exposure pressure limit, so as to improve serious friction mill of the bow net in longtime running
Damage, does not extend the service life of pantograph pan and contact line only effectively, while also assuring and taking current mass, improves electricity
Flow efficiency of transmission；
(2) present invention only adds current-carrying multilayer high-density solenoid outside pantograph collector head part and is provided with wireless frequency phase
Measuring instrument, other structures have effectively saved cost there is no any change, further improve operation convenience and can
Row；
(3) the bow net contact pressure of acquisition and default dynamic touch pressure range are compared in the present invention, passes through PC
Machine regulates and controls multilayer high-density solenoid, generates different magnetic field, makes contact line by different Ampere forces.When bow net dynamic
When contact pressure is excessive, the current direction for adjusting multilayer high-density solenoid makes contact line by Ampere force upward perpendicular to the ground,
Conversely, the current direction for adjusting multilayer high-density solenoid makes contact line by Ampere force downward perpendicular to the ground, so that bow
Net contact pressure can be in more stablely in preset contact force interval value, significantly reduced the offline electric arc of bow net and occurred
Probability, improve bow net inordinate wear situation, extend the service life of contact line and slide plate, reduce replacement frequency, save
About cost；Electrical equipment is effectively further protected, the safety of train driving is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure drawing of device of the improvement bow net current-carrying frictional wear provided by the invention based on magnetic field regulation.
Fig. 2 is high-density solenoid layout drawing in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the method flow diagram provided by the invention for improving bow net current-carrying frictional wear.
Fig. 4 is for current-carrying contact line in the present invention by the schematic diagram of Ampere force under the magnetic fields of high-density solenoid.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the ranges of specific embodiment, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, these variations are aobvious and easy
See, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device of the improvement bow net current-carrying frictional wear based on magnetic field regulation, including it is close around helical
Pipe, wireless frequency phase tester, pressure sensor, current signal generator and PC machine；
The wireless frequency phase tester and pressure sensor are connect with the PC machine, and the high-density solenoid passes through
Current signal generator is connect with the PC machine.
Wherein, the wireless frequency phase tester is set on pantograph chassis, for acquiring current-carrying contact line current
Phase angle, it is specified that being forward current when phase angle θ is 0 °~180 °；The phase angle of current-carrying contact line current phase angle θ is
It is reverse current at 180 °~360 °；The effective range that wireless frequency phase tester can measure should be at least more than in pantograph
The working depth in portion；
Pressure sensor is set to the left and right ends of pantograph pan bracket lower surface, for acquiring pantograph pan or so
The contact pressure value that both ends receive；And pressure sensor and wireless frequency phase tester work and are that pantograph is equipotential
In hyperbaric environment, the signal of acquisition is changed into optical signal by the amplification of roof data acquisition device high-pressure side, is transmitted by optical fiber
To data acquisition device low potential side fiber optic receiver, optical signal is changed into is transmitted through the cable to interior PC again after electric signal
Machine, PC machine handle analysis system by exclusive data and are handled signal, analyzed and stored.Bow net dynamic touch pressure value is just
It is to be calculated according to the contact pressure value of the two pressure sensors acquisition；The model of pressure sensor in the present invention
High-precision insulation strain pressure transducer；
In PC machine, the corresponding bow net dynamic contact force value range of various pantograph models is housed, wireless frequency is housed
The phase angles data that line current is contacted by current-carrying that phase tester acquires in real time, and connect according to the bow net dynamic being calculated
It presses force value to judge whether to be passed through electric current into high-density solenoid, and determines size and the direction for being passed through electric current；
Current signal generator is passed through size of current and direction according to what PC machine determined, generates corresponding electric current and is passed into
In high-density solenoid, all equipment that corresponding electric current can be generated according to PC machine data processed result and circuit are in guarantor of the invention
It protects in range.
As shown in Figure 2, wherein high-density solenoid is set to the underface of pantograph pan bracket, according to bow net dynamic
Contact pressure value, which generates corresponding magnetic field, makes current-carrying contact line receive Ampere force perpendicular to the ground upward or downward, and then adjusts bow
Net dynamic touch pressure improves fretting wear；
During applying the current-carrying contact fretting wear when bow net is long in the present invention, the exception of bow net is greatly improved
Mechanical friction and electrical loss, and can be by adjusting multilayer to different magnetic field strengths and direction and different current classes
The parameter of high-density solenoid is adjusted, that is, selects suitable multilayer high-density solenoid, including solenoidal total length, coiling side
Formula, coil turn, placement position of multilayer high-density solenoid etc., and the length of high-density solenoid is greater than or equal to pantograph pan
Length, diameter are less than pantograph pan width；Energization multilayer high-density solenoid both ends in the present invention are capable of forming closed magnetic
Feel line, itself be wound with certain the number of turns and can Multi-layer Parallel together, play generation and be parallel to pantograph pan length direction
And perpendicular to the magnetic fields in current-carrying contact line direction, then by PC machine control by solenoidal current strength and direction come
Regulate and control magnetic field strength and direction, to optimize the mechanically and electrically abrasion condition of bow net.
It should be noted that multilayer high-density solenoid and wireless frequency phase tester are in pantograph in above-mentioned apparatus
Installation will not substantially change the mechanical stability and bow quality of pantograph.The corresponding bow net dynamic of its difference pantograph model connects
Touch pressure range is different, and the bow net dynamic touch pressure between the pantograph and current-carrying contact line of any model shall not be greater than
The maximum bearing ability of pantograph.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods for improving bow net current-carrying frictional wear, as shown in Figure 3, comprising the following steps:
S1, the phase angle in current-carrying contact line is acquired by wireless frequency phase tester in real time, and is transmitted to PC machine；
It wherein, is forward current when the phase angle θ in current-carrying contact line is 0 °~180 °；Current-carrying contact line current phase angle
θ is reverse current when being 180 °~360 °.
S2, it acquires slide plate both ends pressure in real time by pressure sensor and is transmitted to PC machine；
S3, bow net dynamic touch pressure is calculated according to the slide plate both ends pressure received by PC machine, and judges to bend
Whether net dynamic touch pressure is in preset exposure pressure limit；
If so, entering step S4；
If it is not, then return step S1；At this point, bow net dynamic touch pressure is relatively stable, i.e., it is in preset exposure pressure
In range, it is not necessarily to adjusted (electric current is passed through in high-density solenoid)；
The phase angle of S4, the current-carrying contact line received according to PC machine calculate the current strength that need to be passed through high-density solenoid
And direction, and it is sent to current signal generator；
S5, corresponding current signal is generated by current signal generator, and be passed through in high-density solenoid, contact current-carrying
Line is changed bow net dynamic touch pressure by Ampere force；
S6, step S1-S5 is repeated, makes bow net dynamic touch pressure always in preset exposure pressure limit, and then improved
Bow net current-carrying frictional wear.
Bow net dynamic touch pressure F in step S3 are as follows:
F=F0+FR+FAER+FDYN+FA
In formula, F0For Static Contact power, when being that pantograph rises and train remains static, bow is applied to contact net
On average vertical power；When pantograph moves up and down in entire working range, ideally, the static state of each working depth
Contact force is answered equal, this power can measure, and under the power supply system of different voltages grade, pantograph is in any working depth
Static Contact pressure F0It may be considered definite value in a certain range；
FRThe frictional resistance being subject to for pantograph hinge point；FRIt is the power for preventing pantograph from moving.When pantograph collector head to
When lower movement, FRDirection is upward；When bow moves upwards, FRDirection is downward.For the pantograph of different model, hinge point
Coefficient of friction be a definite value；Under different train driving speed class, FRIt may be considered definite value in a certain range.
FAERFor air force, all parts of pantograph finally exist under aerodynamic lift, the collective effect of aerodynamic drag
A pneumatic lifting force perpendicular to contact net is generated at slide plate, the size of this power is only and train running speed has relationship, i.e.,
When train running speed determines, air force be can determine；
FDYNFor dynamic contact force component, be cause because of the vibration bent or netted bow can not be run on a horizontal plane by
The power arrived；FDYNOnly related to train running speed, certain modal mass, oscillating function et, the amplitude in oscillating function also has one
The operating condition of fixed range, the range and pantograph has relationship, is definite value in a certain range；
FAThe Ampere force regulated and controled by magnetic field being subject to for current-carrying contact line.
As shown from the above formula, bullet train is in movement driving process, bow net dynamic Contact pressure that PC machine is calculated
The several component of power can directly be calculated according to running state of high speed strain, and Ampere force therein be can be with artificial adjustment
Size, therefore adjustment bow net dynamic touch pressure can be changed by adjusting Ampere force and then improve bow net mechanically and electrically
Abrasion condition.
In above-mentioned steps S4, when need to be passed through the close current strength around line of fall pipe and direction by PC machine calculating, according to wireless
The phase angle of frequency and phase position measurement instrument measurement and the bow net dynamic touch pressure of pressure sensor measurement are determined；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F > FMAX, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be forward current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；Pass through
The right-hand rule determines that being passed through reverse current to high-density solenoid makes it generate vertical magnetic field inwards, at this point, such as Fig. 4 (a) institute
Show, according to left hand rule it is found that when current-carrying contact line is passed through forward current, magnetic that current-carrying contact line is formed in high-density solenoid
In by perpendicular to the ground to upper Ampere force, and then make bow net dynamic touch pressure reduce, improve current-carrying Contact Pair friction
Situation makes up to the state of a lower abrasion；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F > FMAX, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be reverse current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；Pass through
The right-hand rule determines that being passed through forward current to high-density solenoid makes it generate vertical outside magnetic field, at this point, such as Fig. 4 (b) institute
Show, according to left hand rule it is found that when current-carrying contact line is passed through reverse current, magnetic that current-carrying contact line is formed in high-density solenoid
By Ampere force upward perpendicular to the ground in, and then reduce bow net dynamic touch pressure, improves the friction of current-carrying Contact Pair
Situation makes up to the state of a lower abrasion；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F < FMIN, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be forward current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；Pass through
The right-hand rule determines that being passed through forward current to high-density solenoid makes it generate vertical outside magnetic field, at this point, such as Fig. 4 (c) institute
Show, according to left hand rule it is found that when current-carrying contact line is passed through forward current, magnetic that current-carrying contact line is formed in high-density solenoid
By Ampere force downward perpendicular to the ground in, and then increase bow net dynamic touch pressure, is compared and biography to reach one
Bow net unite compared to the state that no electric arc generates；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F < FMIN, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be reverse current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；Pass through
The right-hand rule determines that being passed through reverse current to high-density solenoid makes it generate vertical magnetic field inwards, at this point, such as Fig. 4 (d) institute
Show, according to left hand rule it is found that when current-carrying contact line is passed through reverse current, current-carrying contact line is in the close magnetic formed around line of fall pipe
By Ampere force downward perpendicular to the ground in, and then increase bow net dynamic touch pressure, is compared and biography to reach one
Bow net unite compared to the state that no electric arc generates；
Wherein, FMINFor the minimum value of preset exposure pressure limit, FMAXFor the maximum value of preset exposure pressure limit.
The current strength i for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to bow net dynamic touch pressure F are as follows:
In formula, B is the magnetic field strength for the high-density solenoid being powered；
μ0It is a fixed value for space permeability；
N is the coil turn of high-density solenoid；
Wherein, the magnetic field strength B of the high-density solenoid of energization are as follows:
In formula, Δ F is the difference of current bow net dynamic touch pressure F and preset exposure pressure limit extreme value, as F < FMIN
When, Δ F=F-FMIN, work as F > FMAXWhen, Δ F=FMAX-F；
I is the electric current by contact line, is detected by the current transformer of train vehicle roof installation and is supplied to train
Network control system；
L is the effective length that current-carrying contact line is in the magnetic field of high-density solenoid generation；
α is the angle between the magnetic field direction B that the current direction in current-carrying contact line and high-density solenoid generate.
According to the different contact pressure situations of acquisition, bow net dynamic Contact pressure is enabled to using above four kinds of regulative modes
Power is in preset contact pressure range, when great bow net contact pressure is decreased within the scope of preset contact force, energy
It avoids pantograph pan and contact line squeezed tight bring serious friction from wearing, and can effectively prevent contact line because by mistake
Degree lifting and caused by Bending Deformation and because contact line Bending Deformation cause elements of contacting net loosen bring accident between pantograph；When
When minimum bow net contact pressure is increased within the scope of preset contact force, it can be avoided pantograph pan and contact line conducting wire produce
Raw undesirable shock and vibration, are on the other hand also avoided that and generate offline electric arc, wherein electric arc is to slide plate and contact line surface
Corrosion will further add the abrasion of the two, shortens it using the time, increases the replacement frequency and input cost of slide plate, reduces economical
Benefit.
In the above scheme, it should be noted that the Ampere force F that contact line is subject in the magnetic field that high-density solenoid generatesA
Itself and pantograph pan can't be made to generate relative displacement.Ideally, pantograph pan and contact line conducting wire are arranging
Vehicle is always maintained at physical contact, F when taking streamAThe two physical contact hair will not be made to the adjusting of bow net dynamic touch pressure
It is raw to change.
In one embodiment of the invention, it provides the working principle of the method for the present invention: being gained knowledge according to electromagnetism, one
The behavior of current-carrying coil and is that a circle is close around that by a circle if very thin around solenoidal conducting wire like one block of magnet
It can be regarded as a conductor cylinder, electric current is continuously along circumferentially distributed.For limited long cylinder, as long as cylinder
Length be much larger than its radius, then solenoid generate magnetic field can indicate are as follows:
B=μ0ni
Wherein, μ0For space permeability, n is the number of turns in unit length, and i is the electric current of every circle.
In addition, the active force that is subject in magnetic field of electrified wire with by the conducting wire current strength and surrounding magnetic field it is strong
It is related to spend size.With current strength for I length be L straight wire, be placed in magnetic induction intensity be B uniform external magnetic field in, then
The size for the Ampere force that conducting wire is subject to are as follows:
FA=IBLsin α
Wherein, α is the current direction in conducting wire and the angle between the direction B of magnetic field.Contact line in the present invention can be by
Regard that countless tiny straight wires are constituted as, when having electric current to pass through in contact line, contact line can determine by left hand rule
Direction by Ampere force.As shown in figure 4, if current-carrying contact wire is in vertical magnetic field B inwards, when forward current occurs, fortune
With Ampere's law it is found that the Ampere force that contact line is faced upward by one perpendicular to ground, bow net contact pressure becomes smaller at this time, if
Then being become reversely by the current direction of contact line, then ampere force direction suffered by contact line becomes perpendicular to the ground downwards, this
When bow net contact pressure become larger；If contact wire is in vertically to external magnetic field B, can with Ampere's law when forward current occurs
Know, contact line is by an Ampere force perpendicular to ground downwards, and bow net contact pressure becomes larger at this time, if then passing through contact
The current direction of line becomes reversely, then ampere force direction suffered by contact line becomes perpendicular to the ground upwards, at this time bow net contact pressure
Power becomes smaller.Therefore, multilayer high-density solenoid that can be through-flow is installed in the guide yoke of pantograph collector head, is generated by solenoid
Magnetic field can control the size of bow net dynamic touch pressure.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, the side of the instructions such as term " on ", "lower", " forward direction " and " reversed "
Position or positional relationship, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the equipment or member of indication or suggestion meaning
Part must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.Its
In, in regulation " forward current " and " reverse current ", right side is known as along the right that This train is bound for XXX, This train is bound for XXX
The left side be known as left side, it is specified that high-density solenoid conducting wire from right side according to be wound into clockwise left side；Electric current is from right side
Outflow is regarded as high-density solenoid and is passed through forward current on the left of flowing into, and electric current is regarded as high-density solenoid from left side inflow right side outflow and leads to
Enter reverse current.Solenoidal polarity and the relationship of current direction can be described with the right-hand rule: solenoid is held with the right hand,
Curved four refer to and unroll direction along electric current, thumb are stretched, the direction that thumb is directed toward is exactly the solenoidal pole N.In addition, also to logical
The direction that magnetic field is generated when electrical solenoid is passed through electric current carried out regulation, it is specified that: be right side, edge along the right that This train is bound for XXX
The left side that This train is bound for XXX be left side, the pole solenoid N come out the line of magnetic induction from Right vertical be directed toward left side be known as " vertically to
In magnetic field ", the line of magnetic induction that the pole solenoid N comes out is directed toward right side from left vertical and is known as " vertical outside magnetic field ".
The invention has the benefit that
(1) present invention adds current-carrying multilayer high-density solenoid by outer immediately below pantograph pan bracket, and in real time to bow
Net dynamic touch pressure is monitored, and then is fed back and be compared to PC machine with preset contact pressure interval value, then pass through PC
Machine regulates and controls the current strength and current direction of multilayer high-density solenoid, the Ampere force being subject in magnetic field using current-carrying contact line
Make bow net dynamic touch pressure in preset exposure pressure limit, so as to improve serious friction mill of the bow net in longtime running
Damage, does not extend the service life of pantograph pan and contact line only effectively, while also assuring and taking current mass, improves electricity
Flow efficiency of transmission；
(2) present invention only adds current-carrying multilayer high-density solenoid outside pantograph collector head part and is provided with wireless frequency phase
Measuring instrument, other structures have effectively saved cost there is no any change, further improve operation convenience and can
Row；
(3) the bow net contact pressure of acquisition and default dynamic touch pressure range are compared in the present invention, passes through PC
Machine regulates and controls multilayer high-density solenoid, generates different magnetic field, makes contact line by different Ampere forces.When bow net dynamic
When contact pressure is excessive, the current direction for adjusting multilayer high-density solenoid makes contact line by Ampere force upward perpendicular to the ground,
Conversely, the current direction for adjusting multilayer high-density solenoid makes contact line by Ampere force downward perpendicular to the ground, so that bow
Net contact pressure can be in more stablely in preset contact force interval value, significantly reduced the offline electric arc of bow net and occurred
Probability, improve bow net inordinate wear situation, extend the service life of contact line and slide plate, reduce replacement frequency, save
About cost；Electrical equipment is effectively further protected, the safety of train driving is improved.
Claims (9)
1. it is a kind of based on magnetic field regulation improvement bow net current-carrying frictional wear device, which is characterized in that including high-density solenoid,
Wireless frequency phase tester, pressure sensor, current signal generator and PC machine；
The wireless frequency phase tester and pressure sensor are connect with the PC machine, and the high-density solenoid passes through electric current
Signal generator is connect with the PC machine.
2. the device of the improvement bow net current-carrying frictional wear according to claim 1 based on magnetic field regulation, which is characterized in that
The high-density solenoid is set to the underface of pantograph pan bracket；
The wireless frequency phase tester is set on pantograph chassis；
The pressure sensor is set to the left and right ends of pantograph pan bracket lower surface.
3. the device of the improvement bow net current-carrying frictional wear according to claim 1 based on magnetic field regulation, which is characterized in that
The length of the high-density solenoid is less than or equal to pantograph pan length, and diameter is less than pantograph pan width.
4. the device of the improvement bow net current-carrying frictional wear according to claim 1 based on magnetic field regulation, which is characterized in that
The pressure sensor is high-precision insulation strain pressure transducer.
5. a kind of method for improving bow net current-carrying frictional wear, which comprises the following steps:
S1, the phase angle in current-carrying contact line is acquired by wireless frequency phase tester in real time, and is transmitted to PC machine；
S2, it acquires slide plate both ends pressure in real time by pressure sensor and is transmitted to PC machine；
S3, bow net dynamic touch pressure is calculated according to the slide plate both ends pressure received by PC machine, and judges that bow net is dynamic
Whether state contact pressure is in preset exposure pressure limit；
If so, entering step S4；
If it is not, then return step S1；
Phase angle on S4, the current-carrying contact line received according to PC machine, calculate the current strength that need to be passed through high-density solenoid and
Direction, and it is sent to current signal generator；
S5, corresponding current signal is generated by current signal generator, and is passed through in high-density solenoid, make current-carrying contact line by
To Ampere force, change bow net dynamic touch pressure；
S6, step S1-S5 is repeated, makes bow net dynamic touch pressure always in preset exposure pressure limit, and then improve bow net
Current-carrying frictional wear.
6. the method according to claim 5 for improving bow net current-carrying frictional wear, which is characterized in that carried in the step S1
Phase angle θ in stream contact line is forward current when being 0 °~180 °；When current-carrying contact line current phase angle θ is 180 °~360 °
For reverse current.
7. the method according to claim 5 for improving bow net current-carrying frictional wear, which is characterized in that bend in the step S3
Net dynamic touch pressure F are as follows:
F=F0+FR+FAER+FDYN+FA
In formula, F0For Static Contact power；
FRThe frictional resistance being subject to for pantograph hinge point；
FAERFor air force；
FDYNFor dynamic contact force component；
FAThe Ampere force regulated and controled by magnetic field being subject to for current-carrying contact line.
8. the method according to claim 6 for improving bow net current-carrying frictional wear, which is characterized in that in the step S4,
When need to be passed through the close current strength around line of fall pipe and direction by PC machine calculating, according to the phase of wireless frequency phase tester measurement
It parallactic angle and bow net dynamic touch pressure F is calculated is determined；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F > FMAX, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be forward current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；To close around spiral shell
Spool, which is passed through reverse current, makes it generate vertical magnetic field inwards, and current-carrying contact line is in the magnetic field that high-density solenoid is formed at this time
By perpendicular to the ground to upper Ampere force FA, and then reduce bow net dynamic touch pressure；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F > FMAX, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be reverse current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；To close around spiral shell
Spool, which is passed through forward current, makes it generate vertical outside magnetic field, and current-carrying contact line is in the magnetic field that high-density solenoid is formed at this time
By Ampere force upward perpendicular to the ground, and then reduce bow net dynamic touch pressure；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F < FMIN, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be forward current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；To close around spiral shell
Spool, which is passed through forward current, makes it generate vertical outside magnetic field, and current-carrying contact line is in the magnetic field that high-density solenoid is formed at this time
By Ampere force downward perpendicular to the ground, and then increase bow net dynamic touch pressure；
As bow net dynamic touch pressure F < FMIN, and flow through current-carrying contact line electric current be reverse current when:
The current strength for being passed through high-density solenoid is calculated according to the bow net dynamic touch pressure F received by PC machine；To close around spiral shell
Spool, which is passed through reverse current, makes it generate vertical magnetic field inwards, and current-carrying contact line is close in the magnetic field that line of fall pipe is formed at this time
By Ampere force downward perpendicular to the ground, and then increase bow net dynamic touch pressure；
Wherein, FMINFor the minimum value of preset exposure pressure limit, FMAXFor the maximum value of preset exposure pressure limit.
9. the method according to claim 8 for improving bow net current-carrying frictional wear, which is characterized in that connect according to bow net dynamic
Touch pressure F calculates the current strength i for being passed through high-density solenoid are as follows:
In formula, B is the magnetic field strength for the high-density solenoid being powered；
μ0For space permeability；
N is the coil turn of high-density solenoid；
Wherein, the magnetic field strength B of the high-density solenoid of energization are as follows:
In formula, Δ F is the difference of current bow net dynamic touch pressure F and preset exposure pressure limit extreme value, as F < FMINWhen, Δ F
=F-FMIN, work as F > FMAXWhen, Δ F=FMAX-F；
I is the electric current by contact line；
L is the effective length that current-carrying contact line is in the magnetic field of high-density solenoid generation；
α is the angle between the magnetic field direction B that the current direction in current-carrying contact line and high-density solenoid generate.
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