CN110370623B

CN110370623B - 3D printing equipment

Info

Publication number: CN110370623B
Application number: CN201910695970.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周渝庆
Original assignee: Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College
Current assignee: Chongqing Southwest Science and Technology Transformation Research Institute Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-07-30
Filing date: 2019-07-30
Publication date: 2021-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-30
Also published as: CN110370623A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to 3D printing equipment, wherein a material guide pipe is arranged in a heat dissipation sleeve of a spray head, a heating component is arranged on the spray head and connected with a heat insulation component, the heat insulation component is fixedly connected with the heat dissipation sleeve, the heat dissipation sleeve comprises a heat conduction pipe and a plurality of air collecting covers, the air collecting covers are axially arranged on the heat conduction pipe, the air collecting covers are fixed on the outer circumference of the heat conduction pipe in a conical shape, an air guide groove body is arranged below the air collecting cover at the bottommost end, the open end of the air guide groove body is upward, an air pipe is arranged on the air guide groove body, an air outlet of the air pipe is positioned in the air guide groove body and has a downward inclined opening, a fixing plate is arranged at the top end of the heat conduction pipe, a first fixing plate is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the fixing plate through screws, and an inlet end of the air pipe is fixedly arranged on the fixing plate, the inlet end of the air pipe is externally connected with a fan. The purpose is as follows: the problem of the wire feeding difficulty that current 3D printing device structural defect leads to is solved.

Description

3D printing equipment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing devices, and particularly relates to 3D printing equipment.

Background

Fuse deposition modeling is currently the most rapidly developing and promising 3D printing rapid prototyping technology. The working principle of fuse deposition molding is that after a hot melt material such as ABS is melted by a heater and drawn into a filament shape, FDM molding equipment sends the filament-shaped printing material into a hot melt spray head through a wire feeding mechanism, the filament-shaped printing material is heated and melted in the spray head, the spray head moves along the section outline and the filling track of a part, the material in a semi-flow state is extruded and deposited at a specified position for solidification molding according to a path controlled by CAD hierarchical data of a processed product, and the material is bonded with the surrounding material to be stacked and molded layer by layer. Each layer is formed by stacking on the previous layer, and the previous layer plays a role in positioning and supporting the current layer, so the processes such as FDM are called as 3D printing forming technology. The material for the fuse extrusion (FDM) process is typically a thermoplastic material, fed in filaments through a wire feeder.

The fuse deposition forming mechanism comprises a three-axis movement mechanism, a wire feeding mechanism, a printing spray head and a control mechanism. The wire feeding structure feeds a filamentous printing material into the printing nozzle through the motor to be melted for printing; the heating device in the printing nozzle heats the filamentous printing material fed by the wire feeding mechanism to a fused wire state, and then the filamentous printing material is extruded out of the printing nozzle under the extrusion force of the unmelted material of the wire feeding mechanism and deposited on the upper layer of product for cooling and forming.

At present, 3D printer based on FDM technique often meets the wire rod inflation in the use and causes the problem of jam, and it mainly lies in to be good at its reason, and the plastics silk is heated back and is melted in shower nozzle hot junction department, simultaneously because heat-conducting effect, the heat can be along with the wire rod upwards transmits, causes the wire rod inflation of hot junction top, produces huge frictional force with the inside lining after the wire rod inflation, causes the problem of sending a difficulty.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is: aiming at providing a 3D printing device for solving the problem of difficult wire feeding caused by the structural defects of the existing 3D printing device.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

A3D printing device comprises a heat dissipation sleeve arranged above a spray head, wherein a material guide pipe is arranged in the heat dissipation sleeve of the spray head, a heating component is arranged on the spray head, the heating component is connected with a heat insulation component, the heat insulation component is fixedly connected with the heat dissipation sleeve, the spray head is also connected with the material guide pipe, the heat dissipation sleeve and the heat insulation component are sleeved on the material guide pipe, the heat dissipation sleeve comprises a heat conduction pipe and a plurality of wind collecting covers, the wind collecting covers are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the heat conduction pipe, the wind collecting covers are fixed on the outer circumference of the heat conduction pipe in a conical shape, a wind guide groove body is arranged below the wind collecting cover at the bottommost end, the open end of the wind guide groove body is upward, a wind pipe is arranged on the wind guide groove body, the wind outlet of the wind pipe is positioned in the wind guide groove body and is inclined downwards, a fixing plate is arranged at the top end of the heat conduction pipe, and a mounting hole is arranged on the fixing plate, install first fixed plate on the heat pipe, wear to locate in the mounting hole on the heat pipe top, first fixed plate passes through screw fixed mounting in the lower extreme of fixed plate, the entrance point of tuber pipe is fixed to be worn to locate on the fixed plate, and wherein, installs the second fixed plate on the tuber pipe, the second fixed plate passes through the screw mounting in the fixed plate bottom, the tuber pipe entrance point is external to have the fan.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention also makes the following improvements:

further, install the fixing base between thermal-insulated subassembly and the heat pipe, fixed annular deep bead on the fixing base, annular deep bead is located the lower part of wind-guiding cell body, fixed mounting has the spliced pole between annular deep bead and the wind-guiding cell body. Shelters from the shower nozzle region under the effect of deep bead, prevents that the scattered hot-blast that the tuber pipe was derived from directly blowing to the part at the worker behind the wind-collecting cover, causes the influence to the shaping of part.

Furthermore, the section of the annular wind deflector is of a V-shaped structure. The air flow direction is changed through the V-shaped structure, and the influence of air outlet of the air pipe on the formed parts can be better prevented.

Furthermore, an auxiliary heat dissipation plate is integrally formed on the wind collecting cover and is arranged obliquely upwards. The heat dissipation area is effectively increased, and the heat dissipation efficiency is favorably improved.

Furthermore, the auxiliary heat dissipation plate is integrally formed with an air guide heat dissipation plate, the air guide heat dissipation plate is arranged in a downward inclined mode, and the auxiliary heat dissipation plate is provided with a through hole. Increase heat radiating area once more, simultaneously lead to the air current to the supplementary heating panel of cooperation, make the radiating wind can directly flow downwards when supplementary heating panel and wind-guiding heating panel the surface heat dissipation to supplementary heating panel and wind-guiding heating panel, simultaneously because the existence of through-hole, partial heat dissipation wind dispels the heat from the through-hole entering to the internal surface of supplementary heating panel, wind-guiding heating panel and wind-collecting cover from the through-hole for the radiating rate improves the radiating efficiency.

Further, a containing cavity is formed in the heat conducting pipe, a heat conducting silicone layer is filled in the containing cavity, and a sealing plate is fixedly mounted at the top end of the containing cavity. The heat transfer is accelerated through the heat-conducting silicone grease layer, and the heat dissipation efficiency is favorably improved.

Further, a thermistor is arranged between the fixed seat and the heat conduction pipe, the thermistor and the fan are connected in series on a circuit, when the temperature rises, the resistance value of the thermistor is reduced, the current flowing through the thermistor and the fan is increased, the fan works normally, and the fan cools the heat dissipation sleeve; when the temperature is reduced, the resistance value of the thermistor is increased, the current flowing through the thermistor and the fan is reduced, the rotating speed of the fan is slowed down, the heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation sleeve is reduced, and electric energy is saved.

Furthermore, a drainage cavity is arranged in the air guide groove body, and the open end of the air pipe is obliquely arranged towards the drainage cavity. The heat dissipation wind blows into the drainage cavity firstly and disperses along the drainage cavity, and finally blows out from the wind guide groove body, so that the heat dissipation wind energy is dispersed uniformly, and the heat dissipation sleeve is convenient to dissipate heat uniformly.

The invention adopting the technical scheme has the advantages that:

1. the lower end of the material guide pipe is higher in temperature close to the spray head than the upper end of the material guide pipe, and the air flow around the lower end of the material guide pipe is accelerated by arranging the air guide groove body at the lower end of the material guide pipe, so that the heat can be taken away quickly, and expansion and blockage of wires are avoided;

2. the design of auxiliary heating panel and wind-guiding heating panel increases heat radiating area when not influencing the space and occupy, improves the radiating rate, makes the heat dissipation wind energy dispel the heat to the surface and the internal surface of wind-collecting cover, auxiliary heating panel and wind-guiding heating panel simultaneously in the design of through-hole simultaneously, and the radiating efficiency is higher.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;

FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a 3D printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 3;

the main element symbols are as follows:

the air guide device comprises a fixing plate 1, a mounting hole 11, a material guide pipe 22, a heat dissipation sleeve 2, a heat conduction pipe 21, a first fixing plate 211, a material guide pipe 22, a spray nozzle 221, an air pipe 3, a heating assembly 41, a fixing seat 51, an annular wind shield 52, an air guide groove body 6, an air collection cover 71, an auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72, a through hole 73 and an air guide heat dissipation plate 74.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention, the following technical solutions are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a 3D printing apparatus of the present invention includes a heat dissipating sleeve 2 installed above a nozzle 221, the nozzle 221 is provided with a material guiding pipe 22 in the heat dissipating sleeve 2, the nozzle 221 is provided with a heating element 41, the heating element 41 is connected with a heat insulating element 42, the heat insulating element 42 is fixedly connected with the heat dissipating sleeve 2, the nozzle 221 is further connected with the material guiding pipe 22, the heat dissipating sleeve 2 and the heat insulating element 42 are both sleeved on the material guiding pipe 22, the heat dissipating sleeve 2 includes a heat conducting pipe 21 and a plurality of wind collecting covers 71, the plurality of wind collecting covers 71 are uniformly arranged along an axial direction of the heat conducting pipe 21, the wind collecting covers 71 are fixed on an outer circumference of the heat conducting pipe 21 in a tapered shape, a wind guiding groove body 6 is formed below a wind collecting cover 71 located at a bottom end, an open end of the wind guiding groove body 6 is upward, the wind guiding groove body 3 is installed on the wind guiding groove body 6, an air outlet of the wind guiding groove body 3 is located in the wind guiding groove body 6 and has an opening, a fixing plate 1 is installed at a top end of the heat conducting pipe 21, wherein, mounting hole 11 has been seted up on fixed plate 1, installs first fixed plate 211 on the heat pipe 21, and in mounting hole 11 was worn to locate on the heat pipe 21 top, first fixed plate 211 passed through screw fixed mounting in the lower extreme of fixed plate 1, and the entrance point of tuber pipe 3 is fixed to be worn to locate on fixed plate 1, and wherein, install second fixed plate 31 on the tuber pipe 3, second fixed plate 31 passes through the mounting screw in 1 bottom of fixed plate, and tuber pipe 3 entrance point is external to have the fan.

Specifically, a fixing seat 51 is installed between the heat insulation assembly 42 and the heat conduction pipe 21, an annular wind shield 52 is fixedly installed on the fixing seat 51, the annular wind shield 52 is located below the wind guide groove body 6, and a connection column 61 is fixedly installed between the annular wind shield 52 and the wind guide groove body 6. Shelters from shower nozzle 221 region under the effect of deep bead, prevents that the radiating wind that tuber pipe 3 derived from directly blowing to the part at the worker behind wind-collecting cover 71, causes the influence to the shaping of part, and wherein, the section of annular deep bead 52 is the V-arrangement structure. Through V-arrangement structure change air current direction, can be better prevent that 3 air-outs of tuber pipe from causing the influence to the shaping part.

Specifically, the air collecting cover 71 is integrally formed with the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72, and the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 is arranged obliquely upward, so that the heat dissipation area can be effectively increased, and the heat dissipation efficiency can be improved. The air guide and heat dissipation plate 74 is integrally formed on the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72, the air guide and heat dissipation plate 74 is arranged in a downward inclined mode, through holes 73 are formed in the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72, the heat dissipation area is further increased, meanwhile, air flow is guided to the matched auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72, the heat dissipation air can directly flow downwards when passing through the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 and the air guide and heat dissipation plate 74 to dissipate heat of the outer surfaces of the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 and the air guide and heat dissipation plate 74, meanwhile, due to the existence of the through holes 73, part of the heat dissipation air enters the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 from the through holes 73, the air guide and heat dissipation plate 74 and the air collection cover 71 are used for heat dissipation, the heat dissipation speed is accelerated, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.

Specifically, the heat pipe 21 has an accommodating cavity 23 formed therein, the accommodating cavity 23 is filled with a heat conductive silicone layer, and a sealing plate 231 is fixedly mounted at the top end of the accommodating cavity 23. The heat transfer is accelerated through the heat-conducting silicone grease layer, and the heat dissipation efficiency is favorably improved.

Specifically, a thermistor is arranged between the fixed seat 51 and the heat conduction pipe 21, the thermistor and the fan are connected in series on a circuit, when the temperature rises, the resistance value of the thermistor is reduced, the current flowing through the thermistor and the fan is increased, the fan works normally, and the fan cools the heat dissipation sleeve; when the temperature is reduced, the resistance value of the thermistor is increased, the current flowing through the thermistor and the fan is reduced, the rotating speed of the fan is slowed down, the heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation sleeve is reduced, and electric energy is saved.

Specifically, a drainage cavity 62 is arranged in the air guide groove body 6, and the open end of the air pipe 3 is obliquely arranged towards the drainage cavity 62. The heat dissipation wind blows into the drainage cavity 62 firstly and disperses along the drainage cavity 62, and finally blows out from the wind guide groove body 6, so that the heat dissipation wind energy is dispersed uniformly, and the heat dissipation sleeve 2 can dissipate heat uniformly.

In this embodiment, install fixed plate 1 on the removal module with the 3D printer, be connected the feed pipe and the passage 22 of 3D printer simultaneously. The silk material for printing passes through the material guide pipe 22 to the heat insulation assembly 42, passes through the heat insulation assembly 42 to the spray head 1 in the heating assembly 41, the silk material for printing is melted into liquid under the action of the heating assembly 41, the melted material silk is extruded out through the spray head 1, the spray head 1 moves accurately along the outline of each section of the part, the extruded semi-flowing thermoplastic material is deposited and solidified into an accurate actual part thin layer, the actual part thin layer is covered on the built part and is solidified rapidly, each layer is formed, the workbench of the 3D printer descends one layer of height, the spray head 1 conducts scanning spinning on the next layer of section, the layer-by-layer deposition is repeated until the last layer is formed, and thus a solid model or part is built up layer by layer from bottom to top, wherein in the printing process of the printer, a fan blows air into the air guide groove body 6 through the air guide pipe 3, scattered hot air is blown into the drainage cavity 62 and is scattered along the drainage cavity 62, and finally, the air is blown upwards from the air guide groove body 6, the radiating air is introduced under the action of the air collecting cover 71 and the auxiliary radiating plate 72 to radiate the outer walls of the auxiliary radiating plate 72 and the air guide radiating plate 74, meanwhile, due to the existence of the through hole 73, part of the radiating air enters from the through hole 73 to radiate the inner surfaces of the auxiliary radiating plate 72, the air guide radiating plate 74 and the air collecting cover 71, and finally, the radiating air is blown downwards along the air guide radiating plate 74 to radiate the outer wall of the air collecting cover 71, so that the radiating speed of the radiating sleeve 2 is increased.

The 3D printing apparatus provided by the present invention is described in detail above. The description of the specific embodiments is only intended to facilitate an understanding of the method of the invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a 3D printing apparatus, is including installing heat dissipation cover (2) in shower nozzle (221) top, install heating element (41) on shower nozzle (221), heating element (41) are connected with thermal-insulated subassembly (42), thermal-insulated subassembly (42) and heat dissipation cover (2) fixed connection, shower nozzle (221) still are connected with passage (22), heat dissipation cover (2) and thermal-insulated subassembly (42) are all established on passage (22), its characterized in that: heat dissipation cover (2) includes heat pipe (21) and a plurality of wind-collecting cover (71), and is a plurality of wind-collecting cover (71) evenly sets up along heat pipe (21) axial, on wind-collecting cover (71) were fixed in the outer circumference of heat pipe (21) for the toper, be located the bottommost wind-guiding cell body (6) had been seted up to the below of wind-collecting cover (71), the open end of wind-guiding cell body (6) up, install tuber pipe (3) on wind-guiding cell body (6), the air outlet of tuber pipe (3) is located wind-guiding cell body (6) and the opening downward sloping, fixed plate (1) is installed on heat pipe (21) top, the entrance point of tuber pipe (3) is fixed to be worn to locate on fixed plate (1), tuber pipe (3) entrance point is external to have the fan, integrated into one piece has auxiliary heat dissipation board (72) on wind-collecting cover (71), auxiliary heat dissipation board (72) slope upwards sets up, the air guide heat dissipation plate (74) is integrally formed on the auxiliary heat dissipation plate (72), the air guide heat dissipation plate (74) is arranged in a downward inclined mode, and a through hole (73) is formed in the auxiliary heat dissipation plate (72).

2. 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: install fixing base (51) between thermal-insulated subassembly (42) and heat pipe (21), fixed annular deep bead (52) are gone up in fixing base (51), annular deep bead (52) are located the lower part of wind-guiding cell body (6), fixed mounting has spliced pole (61) between annular deep bead (52) and wind-guiding cell body (6).

3. 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the section of the annular wind deflector (52) is of a V-shaped structure.

4. 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat pipe (21) is internally provided with a containing cavity (23), the containing cavity (23) is filled with a heat-conducting silicone layer, and the top end of the containing cavity (23) is fixedly provided with a sealing plate (231).

5. 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a thermistor is arranged between the fixed seat (51) and the heat conduction pipe (21), and the thermistor and the fan are connected in series on a circuit.

6. 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a drainage cavity (62) is arranged in the air guide groove body (6), and the open end of the air pipe (3) is obliquely arranged towards the drainage cavity (62).