CN110370623A - A kind of 3D printing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing technology, and specifically relates to a 3D printing device. The nozzle is provided with a material guide pipe in the heat dissipation sleeve, a heating assembly is installed on the nozzle, and the heating assembly is connected with a heat insulation assembly. The heat insulation component is fixedly connected with the heat dissipation sleeve, the heat dissipation sleeve includes a heat pipe and a plurality of air collection covers, and the plurality of air collection covers are arranged on the heat conduction pipe in the axial direction, and the air collection cover is tapered and fixed on the On the outer circumference of the heat pipe, an air guiding groove is provided below the bottommost wind collecting hood, the opening end of the air guiding groove faces upwards, and an air pipe is installed on the air guiding groove, and the wind The air outlet of the pipe is located in the air guide groove and the opening is inclined downward. A fixing plate is installed on the top of the heat conducting pipe. The first fixing plate is fixed on the lower end of the fixing plate by screws, and the inlet end of the air duct is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate. On the top, a fan is externally connected to the inlet end of the air duct. Its purpose is to solve the problem of wire feeding difficulties caused by structural defects of existing 3D printing devices.

Description

A 3D printing device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing devices, and in particular relates to a 3D printing device.

Background technique

Fused filament deposition modeling is currently the fastest-growing and most promising 3D printing rapid prototyping technology. The working principle of fused filament deposition molding is that the hot-melt material, such as ABS, is first melted by the heater and drawn into a filament, and then the FDM molding equipment sends the filament-shaped printing material into the hot-melt nozzle through the wire feeding mechanism, and is drawn in the nozzle. Heating and melting, the nozzle moves along the section profile and filling trajectory of the part, extrudes the semi-fluid material according to the path controlled by the CAD layered data of the processed product, deposits it at the designated position, solidifies and forms, and bonds with the surrounding materials, layer by layer Build up. Each layer is accumulated on the previous layer, and the previous layer plays a role in positioning and supporting the current layer, so processes such as FDM are called 3D printing technology. The material of the fused filament extrusion molding (FDM) process is generally a thermoplastic material, which is fed in filament form through a wire feeding mechanism.

The fuse deposition molding mechanism includes a three-axis motion mechanism, a wire feeding mechanism, a printing nozzle and a control mechanism. Among them, the wire-feeding structure sends the filamentous printing material into the printing nozzle through the motor to melt it for printing; the heating device in the printing nozzle heats the filamentary printing material fed by the wire-feeding mechanism to the state of fusing, and then Under the extrusion force of the molten material, the extruded printing nozzle is deposited on the previous layer of product to cool and form.

At present, 3D printers based on FDM technology often encounter the problem of blockage caused by wire expansion during use. The main reason is that the plastic wire melts at the hot end of the nozzle after being heated. The upward transmission causes the expansion of the wire above the hot end, and the expansion of the wire produces a huge friction force with the inner lining, resulting in difficulty in feeding the wire.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing device to solve the problem of wire feeding difficulties caused by structural defects of existing 3D printing devices.

For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

A 3D printing device, comprising a heat dissipation sleeve installed above a nozzle, the nozzle is provided with a material guide pipe inside the heat dissipation sleeve, a heating assembly is installed on the nozzle, the heating assembly is connected to a heat insulation assembly, and the insulation The thermal component is fixedly connected with the heat dissipation sleeve, and the spray head is also connected with a material guide pipe. The heat dissipation sleeve and the heat insulation assembly are both sleeved on the material guide pipe. The two air collecting hoods are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the heat pipe, and the air collecting hoods are tapered and fixed on the outer circumference of the heat conducting pipe, and an air guide groove is provided under the air collecting hood at the bottom end, so that The opening end of the air guide tank faces upward, and an air pipe is installed on the air guide tank body. The air outlet of the air pipe is located in the air guide tank body and the opening is inclined downward. , wherein, a mounting hole is opened on the fixing plate, a first fixing plate is installed on the heat conducting pipe, the top end of the heat conducting pipe is penetrated in the mounting hole, the first fixing plate is fixed on the lower end of the fixing plate by screws, and the wind The inlet end of the pipe is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate, wherein a second fixing plate is installed on the air duct, and the second fixing plate is mounted on the bottom end of the fixing plate through screws, and a fan is externally connected to the inlet end of the air duct.

On the basis of above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention also makes following improvement:

Further, a fixing seat is installed between the heat insulation assembly and the heat pipe, and an annular wind baffle is fixed on the fixing seat. A connecting column is fixedly installed between the air groove bodies. Under the action of the windshield, the nozzle area is covered to prevent the heat dissipation wind from the air duct from blowing directly to the parts in process after passing through the wind collecting hood, which will affect the forming of the parts.

Further, the section of the annular wind deflector is V-shaped. Changing the airflow direction through the V-shaped structure can better prevent the air from the air duct from affecting the formed parts.

Further, an auxiliary heat dissipation plate is integrally formed on the wind collecting hood, and the auxiliary heat dissipation plate is arranged obliquely upward. Effectively increasing the heat dissipation area is conducive to improving heat dissipation efficiency.

Further, the auxiliary heat dissipation plate is integrally formed with an air guide and heat dissipation plate, the air guide and heat dissipation plate is inclined downward, and a through hole is opened on the auxiliary heat dissipation plate. Increase the heat dissipation area again, and at the same time guide the airflow with the auxiliary heat dissipation plate, so that the cooling air can flow directly downward when passing through the auxiliary heat dissipation plate and the air guide heat dissipation plate to dissipate heat on the outer surface of the auxiliary heat dissipation plate and the air guide heat dissipation plate, At the same time, due to the existence of the through holes, part of the heat dissipation air enters from the through holes to dissipate heat on the inner surfaces of the auxiliary heat dissipation plate, the wind guide heat dissipation plate and the air collecting hood, so as to accelerate the heat dissipation speed and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

Further, a housing chamber is opened in the heat pipe, the housing chamber is filled with a heat-conducting silicone grease layer, and a sealing plate is fixedly installed on the top of the housing chamber. Heat transfer is accelerated through the heat-conducting silicone grease layer, which is conducive to better heat dissipation efficiency.

Further, a thermistor is provided between the fixed seat and the heat pipe, and the thermistor is connected in series with the fan on the circuit. When the temperature rises, the resistance of the thermistor decreases, and the thermistor and When the current of the fan increases, the fan works normally, and the fan cools down the cooling sleeve; when the temperature drops, the resistance of the thermistor increases, the current flowing through the thermistor and the fan decreases, and the speed of the fan slows down. The heat dissipation effect of the small pair of cooling sleeves saves power.

Further, a drainage cavity is provided in the air guiding groove, and the opening end of the air pipe is inclined toward the drainage cavity. The cooling air is first blown into the drainage cavity and dispersed along the drainage cavity, and finally blows out from the air guiding groove body, so that the cooling wind can be more evenly dispersed, so that the heat dissipation cover can be more evenly dissipated.

Adopt the invention of above-mentioned technical scheme, have following advantages:

1. The temperature at the lower end of the material guide tube close to the nozzle is higher than that at the upper end. The invention arranges an air guide groove at the lower end of the material guide tube to accelerate the air flow around the lower end of the material guide tube, which is beneficial to quickly take away heat and avoid wire swelling blockage;

2. The design of the auxiliary cooling plate and the air guide cooling plate increases the heat dissipation area and improves the cooling speed without affecting the space occupation. At the same time, the design of the through hole enables the cooling wind to simultaneously affect the air collecting hood, auxiliary cooling plate and air guide. The outer surface and the inner surface of the heat dissipation plate conduct heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation efficiency is high.

Description of drawings

The invention can be further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a 3D printing device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram II of an embodiment of a 3D printing device of the present invention;

3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an embodiment of a 3D printing device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in Fig. 3;

The main component symbols are explained as follows:

Fixing plate 1, mounting hole 11, material guide pipe 22, heat dissipation sleeve 2, heat conduction pipe 21, first fixing plate 211, material guide tube 22, nozzle 221, air duct 3, heating assembly 41, fixing seat 51, annular windshield Plate 52 , air guiding groove body 6 , air collecting cover 71 , auxiliary cooling plate 72 , through hole 73 , and air guiding cooling plate 74 .

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a 3D printing device of the present invention includes a heat dissipation jacket 2 installed above the nozzle 221, the nozzle 221 is provided with a material guide pipe 22 inside the heat dissipation jacket 2, and a heating assembly is installed on the nozzle 221 41, the heating assembly 11 is connected with a heat insulation assembly 42, the heat insulation assembly 42 is fixedly connected with the heat dissipation cover 2, the nozzle 221 is also connected with the material guide pipe 22, and the heat dissipation cover 2 and the heat insulation assembly 42 are both sleeved on the material guide pipe 22 The heat dissipation cover 2 includes a heat pipe 21 and a plurality of air collecting covers 71, and a plurality of air collecting covers 71 are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the heat conducting pipe 21. The bottom of the wind collecting cover 71 at the bottom is provided with an air guide trough 6, the open end of the air guide trough 6 faces upwards, and an air duct 3 is installed on the air guide trough 6, and the air outlet of the air duct 3 is positioned at the air guide trough. 6 and the opening is inclined downward, the top of the heat pipe 21 is installed with a fixed plate 1, wherein the fixed plate 1 is provided with a mounting hole 11, the heat pipe 21 is installed with a first fixed plate 211, and the top of the heat pipe 21 is installed on the installation In the hole 11, the first fixed plate 211 is fixed on the lower end of the fixed plate 1 by screws, and the inlet end of the air duct 3 is fixedly installed on the fixed plate 1, wherein the second fixed plate 31 is installed on the air duct 3. The second fixed plate 31 is installed on the bottom of the fixed plate 1 by screws, and the inlet end of the air duct 21 is externally connected with a fan.

Specifically, a fixing base 51 is installed between the heat insulation assembly 42 and the heat pipe 21, and an annular windshield 52 is fixedly installed on the fixing base 51. A connecting column 61 is fixedly installed between the 52 and the air guiding groove body 6 . Under the action of the windshield, the area of the nozzle 221 is blocked to prevent the heat dissipation wind derived from the air duct 3 from directly blowing to the parts in process after passing through the wind collecting hood 71, which will affect the forming of the parts. Among them, the annular windshield 52 The cross-section is V-shaped. Changing the direction of the airflow through the V-shaped structure can better prevent the air from the air duct 3 from affecting the formed parts.

Specifically, an auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 is integrally formed on the air collecting cover 71, and the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 is arranged obliquely upward, which can effectively increase the heat dissipation area and is beneficial to improve heat dissipation efficiency. The auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 is integrally formed with a wind guide heat dissipation plate 74, the air guide heat dissipation plate 74 is inclined downwards, and the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 is provided with a through hole 73 to further increase the heat dissipation area, and at the same time, the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 is matched to the air flow. Orientation is carried out so that the cooling air can flow directly downward to dissipate heat on the outer surfaces of the auxiliary cooling plate 72 and the wind guiding cooling plate 74 when passing through the auxiliary cooling plate 72 and the wind guiding cooling plate 74. The wind enters from the through hole 73 to dissipate heat from the inner surfaces of the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72, the wind guide heat dissipation plate 74 and the wind collecting cover 71, so as to accelerate the heat dissipation speed and improve the heat dissipation efficiency

Specifically, a housing chamber 23 is opened in the heat pipe 21 , and the housing chamber 23 is filled with a heat-conducting silicone grease layer, and a sealing plate 231 is fixedly mounted on the top of the housing chamber 23 . Heat transfer is accelerated through the heat-conducting silicone grease layer, which is conducive to better heat dissipation efficiency.

Specifically, a thermistor is arranged between the fixed seat 51 and the heat pipe 21, and the thermistor and the fan are connected in series on the circuit. The current of the fan increases, the fan works normally, and the fan cools down the cooling jacket; when the temperature drops, the resistance of the thermistor increases, the current flowing through the thermistor and the fan decreases, and the speed of the fan becomes slower and decreases. The heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation sleeve is improved, and the electric energy is saved.

Specifically, a drainage cavity 62 is provided in the air guiding groove body 6 , and the opening end of the air duct 3 is inclined toward the drainage cavity 62 . The cooling air is first blown into the drainage cavity 62 to disperse along the drainage cavity 62, and finally blows out from the air guiding groove body 6, so that the cooling wind energy can be dispersed more evenly, which is beneficial to the cooling cover 2 to perform more uniform heat dissipation.

In this embodiment, the fixed plate 1 is installed on the mobile module of the 3D printer, and the feed pipe of the 3D printer is connected to the feed pipe 22 at the same time. The filamentous material used for printing passes through the material guide pipe 22 to the thermal insulation assembly 42, and then reaches the nozzle 1 in the heating assembly 41 through the thermal insulation assembly 42, and the filamentous material used for printing is melted into a liquid under the action of the heating assembly 41 , the molten material filament is extruded through the nozzle 1, and the nozzle 1 moves accurately along the contour of each section of the part, and the extruded semi-fluid thermoplastic material deposits and solidifies into a precise thin layer of the actual part, covering the built part , and quickly solidified, each time a layer of molding is completed, the workbench of the 3D printer is lowered to a layer height, and the nozzle 1 scans and spins the next layer of cross-section, so that the layer-by-layer deposition is repeated until the last layer. Stack up to form a solid model or part, wherein, during the printing process of the printer, the fan sends air through the air pipe 3 to the air guide groove body 6, and the cooling air is first blown into the drainage cavity 62 and dispersed along the drainage cavity 62, and finally Blow out upwards from the air guiding groove body 6 again, and introduce heat dissipation wind under the effect of the wind collecting cover 71 and the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 to radiate heat on the outer wall of the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72 and the air guide heat dissipation plate 74, and simultaneously due to the existence of the through hole 73, Part of the heat dissipation wind enters from the through hole 73 from the through hole to radiate heat on the inner surface of the auxiliary heat dissipation plate 72, the wind guide heat dissipation plate 74 and the wind collection cover 71, and finally the heat dissipation wind is blown out along the wind guide heat dissipation plate 74 and then blows out to the wind collection cover. The outer wall of 71 carries out heat dissipation, accelerates the heat dissipation speed of heat dissipation cover 2.

A 3D printing device provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. The description of specific embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A 3D printing device, comprising a heat dissipation cover (2) installed above the shower head (221), a heating assembly (41) is installed on the shower head (221), and the heating assembly (11) is connected with a thermal insulation assembly (42), the heat insulation assembly (42) is fixedly connected with the heat dissipation cover (2), and the spray head (221) is also connected with a material guide pipe (22), and the heat dissipation cover (2) and the heat insulation assembly (42 ) are all sleeved on the material guide pipe (22), and it is characterized in that: the heat dissipation cover (2) includes a heat conduction pipe (21) and a plurality of wind collecting hoods (71), and a plurality of said wind collecting hoods (71) Arranged evenly along the axial direction of the heat pipe (21), the air collecting hood (71) is tapered and fixed on the outer circumference of the heat conducting pipe (21), and there is a The air guiding groove body (6), the opening end of the air guiding groove body (6) faces upward, the air guiding groove body (6) is equipped with an air duct (3), and the outlet of the air duct (3) The air outlet is located in the air guiding groove body (6) and the opening is inclined downward. The top of the heat pipe (21) is equipped with a fixed plate (1), and the inlet end of the air pipe (3) is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (1). ), the inlet end of the air duct (21) is externally connected with a fan. 2. A 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a fixing seat (51) is installed between the heat insulation assembly (42) and the heat pipe (21), and the fixing seat (51) An annular wind deflector (52) is fixed on the top, and the annular wind deflector (52) is located at the bottom of the air guide tank (6), and the ring wind deflector (52) is fixed between the air guide tank (6) Connecting column (61) is installed. 3. A 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the section of the annular windshield (52) is V-shaped. 4. A 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: an auxiliary cooling plate (72) is integrally formed on the wind collecting cover (71), and the auxiliary cooling plate (72) is arranged obliquely upward. 5. A 3D printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the auxiliary heat dissipation plate (72) is integrally formed with an air guide heat dissipation plate (74), and the air guide heat dissipation plate (74) is downward It is arranged obliquely, and a through hole (73) is opened on the auxiliary heat dissipation plate (72). 6. A 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat pipe (21) is provided with a housing cavity (23), and the housing cavity (23) is filled with a heat-conducting silicone grease layer, A sealing plate (231) is fixedly installed at the top of the accommodating chamber (23). 7. A 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a thermistor is provided between the fixing seat (51) and the heat pipe (21), and the thermistor is connected in series with the fan in the circuit superior. 8. A 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a drainage cavity (62) is provided in the air guiding groove body (6), and the opening end of the air duct (3) faces the drainage cavity (62) Inclined setting.