CN110361293B - Nondestructive testing method for segmented resistance of cigarette - Google Patents
Nondestructive testing method for segmented resistance of cigarette Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for nondestructive testing of cigarette sectional draw resistance is characterized in that: the method is obtained by forming a plurality of states among measured parameters through a linear network model, wherein the total pressure drop and the gas flow of the filter vent holes under 3 states and the position of the filter vent holes of the cigarette are measured. The invention has the advantages that: on the premise that the suction resistance relation between the cigarette paper and the tobacco shred sections cannot be determined, the influence of the cigarette paper is eliminated in the calculation process. On the basis of the cigarette resistance measuring method, the measurement of the resistance of each part of the cigarette is realized, the calculation error caused by uncertain relation between the cigarette paper and the tobacco shred section is reduced, the cigarette coating treatment is also reduced (from three times to two times), and the detection method and the measured data are more scientific, reasonable and accurate and more practical. The method is used for meeting the actual engineering requirements of providing basic support for the quality tracing of cigarette products, product design and process optimization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cigarette quality detection, in particular to a method for rapidly and nondestructively detecting the sectional draw resistance of a cigarette.
Background
The cigarette resistance is an important index for evaluating the physical quality of cigarettes, and the cigarette is difficult to smoke due to too large cigarette resistance, and the smoke is excessively diluted due to too small cigarette resistance, so that the sensory quality of cigarette products is influenced. The measurement of the smoke resistance of cigarette is generally carried out by GB/T22838.5-2009 determination of physical properties of cigarette and filter stick-part 5: cigarette resistance and filter rod pressure drop, and can realize full-automatic operation and control on cigarette resistance measurement, and the method realizes measurement of open resistance and closed resistance of cigarette. Through the measurement of the cigarette resistance, the cigarette quality and the cigarette processing and manufacturing level can be known, and the cigarette resistance is mainly formed by six parts: the cigarette paper comprises a tobacco shred front section (cigarette paper package), a cigarette paper part, a tobacco shred rear section (tipping paper package), a ventilation filter tip front section (from the contact end face of the filter tip and the tobacco shred section to the position of a filter tip ventilation opening as a boundary), a ventilation filter tip rear section part (from the position of the filter tip ventilation opening to the end face of a filter tip air outflow opening as a boundary), filter tip ventilation (a punching technology or a ventilation technology) and the like, and the four parts of the filter tip section, the tobacco shred section, the cigarette paper and the filter tip ventilation are mainly decomposed simply. The measurement of the size of the suction resistance of each part of the cigarette, particularly the two parts of the filter tip section and the tobacco shred section, is a key technology for realizing the quality tracing of the stability of the suction resistance of the cigarette (two suction resistances and the stability cause of the suction resistance), the product design (how to regulate and control the suction resistance design) and the parameter optimization of the processing process of the tobacco making and cigarette making technology (how to obtain more stable cigarette suction resistance and the like).
The cigarette resistance obtained by the GB/T22838.5-2009 standard method is integral, if the measured cigarette resistance is unstable, the degree of the stability of the resistance of each part of the cigarette cannot be quickly obtained through the fluctuation degree of the integral resistance, if the four parts of the filter section, the tobacco section, the cigarette paper, the filter tip ventilation and the like, especially the stability (because the processing technology of the two parts is completely different) of the resistance of the filter section and the tobacco section are desired to be obtained, the cigarette needs to be cut into two parts for respective measurement, and the method has the advantages of long measurement period, time and labor waste and more brings errors in the test.
Chinese patent (publication number: CN107024409A) describes a method for measuring the sectional draw resistance of a cigarette (also earlier application of the applicant of the present application), and the measuring method is a draw resistance testing method under the filter matching condition for forming six parts of the draw resistance based on a linear network model. However, in the implementation process, because the parallel connection relationship between the cigarette paper and the tobacco shred sections is assumed (the relationship is only suitable for a certain range of use), the situation that the suction resistance of a certain section is negative easily occurs in the detection process.
Chinese patent (publication No. CN108918382A) obtains the draw resistance of each segment of a cigarette through the flow conservation relation formed by the "pseudo-series" mode of the cigarette in multiple states (also earlier application by the applicant of the present application), but in the implementation process, the change of the air flow inside the cigarette is easily caused by adopting the mode of sealing the end face of the cigarette, so as to affect the calculation result of the draw resistance of each segment of the cigarette, and generate a large error.
Chinese patent (publication number: CN109527646A) also obtains the suction resistance of each section of the cigarette through the flow conservation relation formed by the cigarette in a 'quasi-series' mode under a plurality of states (also earlier application of the applicant of the present application), reduces the cigarette test state (from six to four) compared with the method, does not seal the end face of the cigarette, has less influence on the internal airflow of the cigarette, but in the realization process, when calculating the suction resistance of each section, the airflow of the tobacco section is calculated by adopting the flow data of the cigarette paper, and the airflow of the tobacco section is not accurately calculated due to the incomplete parallel relation between the tobacco section and the cigarette paper, so that the calculation of the suction resistance of the tobacco section generates larger errors. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new method for testing the sectional draw resistance of the cigarette to obtain more accurate results.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for nondestructively detecting the segmented resistance of cigarettes based on the basic characteristics of a cigarette linear network model based on the problems of the method and the patent which are not related in the literature, and the method is used for realizing the measurement of the resistance of each part of the cigarettes on the basis of a cigarette resistance and gas flow measurement method, and particularly independently obtaining closed resistance data of a filter section and a cigarette branch section respectively under the condition of not mechanically separating the filter section and the cigarette section of the cigarettes so as to meet the actual engineering requirements for providing basic support for the quality tracing of cigarette products, product design and process optimization.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for nondestructively and rapidly measuring the sectional draw resistance of cigarettes is characterized in that the pressure drop (Pa) formed by fluid passing through the cigarettes is in direct proportion to the flow (unit: mL/s) of the fluid passing through the cigarettes according to the theoretical basis formed by the draw resistance of the cigarettes, the ratio of the pressure drop (Pa) to the flow (unit: mL/s) of the fluid passing through the cigarettes is the cigarette permeation resistance (unit: Pa.s/mL), the cigarette permeation resistance is a physical property parameter, and the cigarette permeation resistance with filter laser drilling is determined to be mainly formed by the following 5 parts of permeation resistance:
part 1: comprises the permeation resistance of the tobacco section (the part filled with tobacco) of the cigarette (namely the permeation resistance mu of the tobacco section coated by the cigarette paper)1+ tipping paper coated tobacco shred segment permeation resistance mu3)，
Section 2: the resistance to penetration (denoted as μ) from the paper segment into the tobacco segment2)，
Section 3: penetration resistance (denoted as μ) of airflow through the front section of the filter (demarcated by laser-drilled hole lines)4)，
Section 4: permeability resistance (denoted mu) of air flow through the rear section of the filter (demarcated by laser-drilled hole lines)5)，
Section 5: permeability barrier (denoted as mu) for air flow from the vent into the filter tip section6)，
The specific distribution is shown as the attached figure 1, the method is obtained by a linear network model under the condition that a plurality of states are formed among measured parameters, wherein the method comprises the measurement of total pressure drop and filter vent gas flow and the measurement of cigarette filter vent position under 3 states, and specifically comprises the following steps:
in the state 1, the open resistance of the cigarette sample is directly measured (namely the cigarette sample is not treated) at a certain flow rate Q (17.5 ml/s required in GB/T22838.5-2009) to obtain the open resistance value delta P1 of the cigarette, and meanwhile, the total flow rate passing through the filter vent hole in the state is detected and recorded as Q6The equation formed at this time is shown in formula 1
Wherein
μ12＝f(μ1,μ2)，μ12The total resistance of the cigarette paper wrapping the tobacco shred section is only equal to mu under the fixed flow rate1And mu2Related to, let mu12+μ3+μ4＝μ0Then there is
μ6·Q6＝μ0·(Q-Q6) (3)
The state 2 is the suction resistance test of closing the filter vent hole and opening the cigarette paper segment of the cigarette sample under a certain flow rate Q (same as above), the method is that the filter vent hole is coated by 3M-transparent adhesive tape or latex tube with proper size to obtain the cigarette suction resistance value under the corresponding condition, which is marked as delta P2, and the equation formed at the moment is shown as 4
State 3 is a resistance-smoking test of simultaneously closing the filter vent hole and the cigarette paper segment of the cigarette sample at a certain flow rate Q (same as above), the method is that the filter vent hole and the cigarette paper are coated by 3M-transparent adhesive tape or latex tubes with proper size to obtain the cigarette resistance value under corresponding conditions, which is marked as delta P3, and an equation formed at the moment is shown as formula 5
State 4 is the ratio of the permeation resistance of the front section and the rear section of the cigarette filter is measured, the ratio of the permeation resistance is equal to the ratio k of the length, and the ratio is recorded as
The method comprises the step of advancing the position of the through hole of the filter tip by using a straight ruler or an optical methodThe line measurements were carried out to determine the ratio of the front to rear filter segment permeation resistances, with specific limits as shown in figure 1.
In addition, it was found during the experiment that the permeability resistance μ of the cigarette paper in the cigarette samples of the same specification (same circumference and same cut tobacco front section length)2Only related to the air permeability of the cigarette paper, the air permeability of the cigarette paper can be measured in advance, and mu can be known through the change of the air permeability of the cigarette paper2And μ2The change in value of (A) has little effect on the overall resistance to draw and, therefore, μ cannot be determined1And mu2On the premise of the relationship (D), mu may not be aligned in the detection of the segmental suction resistance2The value of (c) is calculated.
According to the equation conditions of 4 different states, an equation set is listed, and corresponding mu is solved1+μ3、μ4、μ5、μ6The permeation resistance value of (a) is as follows:
and respectively calculating to obtain the pressure drop values of the tobacco shred section, the filter tip section and the filter tip ventilation hole according to the permeability resistance value obtained by the equation system, namely the sectional suction resistance of each part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding advantages that: on the premise that the suction resistance relation between the cigarette paper and the tobacco shred sections cannot be determined, the influence of the cigarette paper is eliminated in the calculation process. On the basis of a cigarette suction resistance measurement method, measurement of suction resistance of each part of a cigarette is realized, and closed suction resistance data of a filter section and a cigarette branch section are independently obtained respectively without mechanically separating the filter section and the cigarette section of the cigarette, the detection method can be used for meeting the actual engineering requirements of providing basic support for cigarette product quality tracing, product design and process optimization, and particularly compared with a measurement method of the publication No. CN107024409A, the method overcomes the problem that a suction resistance calculation result of a certain section possibly presents a negative value under certain conditions due to excessive parallel connection, compared with the publication No.: the method of CN108918382A and publication No. CN109527646A eliminates the influence of cigarette paper, reduces the calculation error caused by uncertain relation between the cigarette paper and tobacco shred sections, reduces the cigarette coating treatment (from three times to two times), and has more scientific, reasonable and accurate detection method and measurement data and more practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a distribution diagram of the mu value of each part of the cigarette.
FIG. 2 is a network diagram (series-parallel relationship diagram) of the resistance values of each part of the cigarette.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following embodiments:
20 cigarettes (circumference 17mm) of a certain brand of fine cigarettes are selected, and the specific operation steps of the method embodiment of the invention are as follows:
step 1: under the condition that Q is the suction flow of 17.5ml/s, the cigarette samples are not treated and are subjected to open resistance smoking test, the average cigarette resistance value delta P1 of the corresponding 20 samples is 1707Pa and the standard deviation is 58Pa, and meanwhile, the flow Q passing through the ventilation holes of the filter in the state is detected6The average volume is 6.88mL/s, and the standard deviation is 0.25 mL/s;
step 2: under the condition that Q is suction flow of 17.5ml/s, the cigarette sample is subjected to a suction resistance test under the conditions that a filter vent hole is closed and a cigarette paper section is opened, wherein the filter vent hole is coated by a 3M-transparent adhesive tape or a latex tube with a proper size, so that the average cigarette suction resistance value delta P2 of 20 corresponding samples is 2452Pa, and the standard deviation is 96 Pa;
and step 3: performing a suction resistance test on the cigarette sample under the condition of simultaneously closing a filter vent hole and a cigarette paper section under the suction flow rate of Q being 17.5ml/s, wherein the filter vent hole is coated by a 3M-transparent adhesive tape or a latex tube with a proper size to obtain the average cigarette suction resistance value delta P3 of 20 corresponding samples of 2645Pa with the standard deviation of 104 Pa;
and 4, step 4: the method is characterized in that the ratio of the permeation resistance of the front section of the cigarette filter to the permeation resistance of the rear section of the cigarette filter is measured, the ratio of the permeation resistance is equal to the ratio of the length of the front section of the cigarette filter, the positions of the through holes of the filter are measured by utilizing a straight ruler, so that the average ratio k of the front section to the rear end of the filter of 20 samples is determined to be 1.31, the standard deviation is 0.02, and the specific limit is shown in figure 1. The above results are shown in Table 1.
And 5: the sample is divided, the suction resistance of the tobacco section and the filter tip section is respectively measured, and the measurement results are as follows (the measurement method is that the tobacco section and the filter tip section are respectively measured after being separated): the mean closed draw resistance of the tobacco plug section for the 20 samples was 1401Pa, with a standard deviation of 78Pa, and the mean closed draw resistance of the filter section was 1257Pa, with a standard deviation of 78 Pa.
The data obtained above are substituted into the formulae (6) to (9) to obtain mu1+μ3、μ4、μ5、μ6Resistance of penetration of, i.e.
μ1+μ3＝77.61 μ4＝41.70 μ5＝31.83 μ6＝167.14
The average value of the closed suction resistance of the tobacco shred section is 1358Pa, the standard deviation is 90Pa, the average value of the closed suction resistance of the filter tip section is 1287Pa, the standard deviation is 103Pa, compared with the measurement data of the segmentation method, the error of the average value of the suction resistance obtained by the measurement method is less than 5%, and the comparison result is shown in an attached table 2, which shows that the method can accurately reflect the fluctuation of the suction resistance value of each segment and the product quality.
TABLE 1 cigarette sectional draw resistance test results
| Q(ml/s) | ΔP1(Pa) | Q6(ml/s) | ΔP2(Pa) | ΔP3(Pa) | k | |
| Numerical value | 17.5 | 1707 | 6.88 | 2452 | 2645 | 1.31 |
| Mark bias | 58 | 0.25 | 96 | 104 | 0.02 |
TABLE 2 comparison of measured and calculated values
Claims (2)
1. A method for nondestructive testing of cigarette sectional draw resistance is characterized in that according to the theoretical basis formed by the cigarette draw resistance, the pressure drop (Pa) formed by fluid passing through the cigarette is in direct proportion to the flow (unit: mL/s) of the fluid passing through the cigarette, the ratio of the pressure drop (Pa) to the flow (unit: mL/s) of the fluid passing through the cigarette is the cigarette permeation resistance (unit: Pa.s/mL), the cigarette permeation resistance is a physical property parameter, and the cigarette permeation resistance with filter laser drilling is determined to be mainly formed by the following 5 parts of permeation resistance:
part 1: comprises the permeation resistance of the tobacco section of the cigarette filled with the tobacco, namely the permeation resistance mu of the tobacco section coated by the cigarette paper1+ tipping paper coated tobacco shred segment permeation resistance mu3，
Section 2: the resistance to penetration from the section of cigarette paper into the section of tobacco is recorded as mu2，
Section 3: the permeation resistance of the airflow through the front section of the filter with the laser-drilled hole line as the boundary was recorded as mu4，
Section 4: the resistance to penetration of the air stream through the rear section of the filter, delimited by the laser-drilled hole lines, was recorded as μ5，
Section 5: the permeation resistance of the air flow from the ventilation opening into the filter tip section is denoted as mu6，
The method is characterized in that: the method is obtained by forming a plurality of states among measured parameters through a linear network model, wherein the measurement of total pressure drop, filter vent gas flow and cigarette filter vent position under 3 states are included, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
in the state 1, under a certain flow rate Q, namely 17.5ml/s required in GB/T22838.5-2009, the open resistance of the cigarette sample is directly measured to obtain the open resistance value delta P1 of the cigarette, and meanwhile, the total flow rate passing through the filter vent hole in the state is detected and recorded as Q6The equation formed at this time is shown in formula 1
Wherein
μ12＝f(μ1,μ2)，μ12The total suction resistance of the cigarette paper wrapping the tobacco shred section is only large or small under the fixed flow
And mu1And mu2Related to, let mu12+μ3+μ4＝μ0Then there is
μ6·Q6＝μ0·(Q-Q6) (3)
And the state 2 is a suction resistance test of closing the filter vent hole and opening the cigarette paper section of the cigarette sample under the certain flow Q, the method is that the filter vent hole is coated by 3M-transparent adhesive tape or latex tubes with proper sizes to obtain the cigarette suction resistance value under the corresponding condition, which is recorded as delta P2, and an equation formed at the moment is shown as a formula 4
State 3 is a resistance-smoking test of the cigarette sample at the certain flow rate Q while closing the filter vent hole and the cigarette paper section, the method is that the filter vent hole and the cigarette paper are coated by 3M-transparent adhesive tape or latex tube with proper size to obtain the cigarette resistance value under the corresponding condition, which is marked as delta P3, and the equation formed at the moment is shown as (5)
State 4 is the ratio of the permeation resistance of the front section of the cigarette filter to the rear section of the filter, the ratio of the permeation resistance being equal to the ratio k of the length, and is recorded as
The method is to measure the position of the through hole of the filter tip by using a ruler or an optical method so as to determine the penetration of the front section and the rear section of the filter tipThe ratio of the resistances is determined by the resistance,
in addition, in the experimental process, the permeation resistance value mu of the cigarette paper is found in the cigarette samples with the same specification2Only related to the air permeability of the cigarette paper, the air permeability of the cigarette paper can be measured in advance, and mu can be known through the change of the air permeability of the cigarette paper2And μ2The change in value of (A) has little effect on the overall resistance to draw and, therefore, μ cannot be determined1And mu2On the premise of the relationship (D), mu may not be aligned in the detection of the segmental suction resistance2Calculating the value of (c);
according to the equation conditions of 4 different states, an equation set is listed, and corresponding mu is solved1+μ3、μ4、μ5、μ6The permeation resistance value of (a) is as follows:
and respectively calculating to obtain the pressure drop values of the tobacco shred section, the filter tip section and the filter tip ventilation hole according to the permeability resistance value obtained by the equation system, namely the sectional suction resistance of each part.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method is suitable for detecting cigarettes with different circumferences such as common cigarettes, medium cigarettes and fine cigarettes.
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| CN112082923B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2024-05-28 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for accurately detecting and quantitatively representing smoking easiness of cigarettes |
| CN114184517A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-03-15 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Segmented resistance-absorbing detection system and detection method thereof |
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