CN110360908B - Device and method for increasing gap distance and enhancing smooth blasting effect - Google Patents
Device and method for increasing gap distance and enhancing smooth blasting effect Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110360908B CN110360908B CN201910740169.3A CN201910740169A CN110360908B CN 110360908 B CN110360908 B CN 110360908B CN 201910740169 A CN201910740169 A CN 201910740169A CN 110360908 B CN110360908 B CN 110360908B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- energy
- gathering
- groove
- main body
- effect
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for increasing sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing smooth blasting effect, which comprises a main propellant packet energy gathering device, a slender bamboo chip and a supporting cushion block, wherein the main propellant packet energy gathering device is connected with the main propellant packet energy gathering device; the main powder distribution bag energy gathering device comprises a sleeve main body, wherein a first groove and a second groove are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the sleeve main body along the length direction, the cross sections of the first groove and the second groove are V-shaped, metal energy gathering caps are connected to two ends of the sleeve main body, the metal energy gathering caps are detachably connected with the sleeve main body, the metal energy gathering caps are concave inwards to form a cone, and a lead slot is arranged at the position, close to the metal energy gathering caps, of one end of the sleeve main body. The problems that blasting cost is high and explosion rejection accidents caused by blast hole groove effect are easy to happen due to the fact that detonating cords are adopted in an existing tunnel blasting method are solved, and the effect of forming the smooth surface of the cross section profile of the tunnel can be remarkably enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting, and particularly relates to a device and a method for increasing sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing smooth blasting effect.
Background
A sympathetic explosion refers to a phenomenon that when an explosive (main explosive package) explodes, another explosive (medicated package) separated by a certain distance is caused to explode, and the sympathetic explosion distance refers to the maximum distance between the main explosive package and the medicated package which can cause the medicated package to completely explode.
The energy Gathering effect (generally called "door effect") is that after the explosive is exploded, the explosion products are scattered outwards along the normal direction of the surface of the explosive under high temperature and high pressure. Therefore, after the explosive with the grooves is detonated, an explosive product flow with high convergence, high speed and high pressure can appear on the axes of the grooves, and chemical energy released by the explosion of the explosive is concentrated in a certain range.
The existing tunnel construction mostly adopts a smooth blasting technology, in the smooth blasting, in order to achieve a good outline forming effect and weaken the vibration damage of the smooth blasting hole (also called as a smooth blasting hole) blasting to surrounding rocks, an air space uncoupled charging mode is often adopted, and due to the existence of a groove effect (also called as a pipeline effect), the phenomena of self-extinguishing and explosion rejection can occur after the explosive in the blast hole is propagated and exploded for a certain distance, so that the charging mode of 'full-length laying of a detonating cord for propagation and explosion' in the smooth blasting hole is usually adopted. The detonating cord (also called explosion detonating cord or detonating cord) is a cord-shaped blasting equipment which can directly detonate the explosive contacting with the detonating cord, and for a large-section tunnel blasting tunneling project, the consumption of the detonating cord in each blasting cycle is large due to the large number and depth of the light blasting holes and the full-length laying. Compared with other blasting apparatuses such as explosives, detonators and the like, the unit price of the detonating cord is very high, so the consumption of the detonating cord is very high in the direct cost of tunnel light-blast hole blasting. Just because an explosive has a sympathetic detonation characteristic which causes another explosive spaced a distance apart to detonate, if the sympathetic detonation distance of the explosive is sufficiently large, there is a possibility that a complete sympathetic detonation will occur in the entire light detonation hole without detonating a detonating cord in the tunnel light detonation hole. However, the current research data show that the gap distance of the common explosive for geotechnical engineering blasting (such as # 2 rock emulsion explosive) in open air is usually only 3-5cm, the gap distance in the limited space of a pipeline or a blast hole is also only 20-40cm, the gap of explosive rolls in a light blast hole is usually more than 100cm, and the gap distance in the prior art cannot ensure the direct complete gap explosion of the explosive rolls in the light blast hole.
Based on the characteristic of explosive, the PVC tubular device with metal energy-gathering cap and energy-gathering groove is covered on the end and side of the rock emulsion explosive roll, so that the explosion propagation distance of the explosive roll in the axis direction of the blast hole can be obviously increased, the effect of enhancing the radial penetration and seam formation of the light explosion hole can be achieved, and the low-cost smooth blasting without detonating cord is realized on the premise of ensuring good smooth surface effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for increasing sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing smooth blasting effect, aiming at reducing the probability of occurrence of a misfire accident caused by blast hole trench effect, increasing the sympathetic detonation distance by utilizing the energy-gathered effect, realizing stable detonation of large-interval powder charge of a tunnel light blast hole under the condition of no detonating cord explosion propagation, and remarkably enhancing the shaping effect of the tunnel section profile and reducing the vibration damage effect of blasting on the light blast wall rock while reducing the blasting cost.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for increasing a sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing a smooth blasting effect, including a main propellant packet energy concentrating device, a propellant packet energy concentrating device, an elongated bamboo chip and a supporting cushion block, wherein the main propellant packet energy concentrating device and the propellant packet energy concentrating device are bundled on the bamboo chip, the propellant packet energy concentrating device is arranged on two sides of the main propellant packet energy concentrating device at intervals, the device for increasing the sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing the smooth blasting effect is arranged in a blast hole, the supporting cushion block is arranged at the hole bottom, the middle part and the three positions of the hole opening of the blast hole, the supporting cushion block is used for supporting the bamboo chip, and the axes of the main propellant packet energy concentrating device and the propellant packet energy concentrating device are coincident with the axis of the blast hole;
the main powder distribution bag energy gathering device comprises a sleeve main body, wherein a first groove and a second groove are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the sleeve main body along the length direction, the sections of the first groove and the second groove are V-shaped, the two ends of the sleeve main body are connected with metal energy gathering caps, the metal energy gathering caps are detachably connected with the sleeve main body, the middle parts of the metal energy gathering caps are concave inwards to form a cone, and one end of the sleeve main body is close to a lead groove formed in the position of each metal energy gathering cap.
The device comprises a sleeve main body, a third groove and a fourth groove are symmetrically formed in the side wall of the sleeve main body of the device, the cross sections of the third groove and the fourth groove are V-shaped, a front end cover and a rear end cover are connected to two ends of the sleeve main body of the device respectively, the front end cover and the rear end cover are detachably connected with the front end and the rear end of the sleeve main body of the device, a metal energy-gathering cap of the device is opposite to the front end cover of the device, the cross section of the front end cover is larger than that of the rear end cover, the first groove and the third groove are in the same straight line, and the second groove and the fourth groove are in the same straight line.
The sleeve main bodies of the main medicine distribution bag energy gathering device and the medicine distribution bag energy gathering device are both made of PVC materials.
The wall thickness of the sleeve main body of the main medicine distribution bag energy gathering device and the wall thickness of the sleeve main body of the medicine distribution bag energy gathering device are both 2-4 mm.
Wherein the opening angles of the V-shaped cross sections of the first groove, the second groove, the third groove and the fourth groove are 45-60 degrees.
The taper angle of the taper of the metal energy-gathering cap is 60-70 degrees, the metal energy-gathering cap is made of metal, and the wall thickness of the taper part of the metal energy-gathering cap is 2 mm.
The bottom of the bamboo chip is also provided with supporting cushion blocks, the supporting cushion blocks comprise three supporting cushion blocks, and the three supporting cushion blocks are respectively arranged corresponding to the main explosive-dispensing bag energy-gathering device and the two explosive-dispensing bag energy-gathering devices.
The invention also provides a method for increasing the gap distance and enhancing the effect of a smooth blasting, and the device for increasing the gap distance and enhancing the effect of the smooth blasting is applied, and comprises the following steps:
s1 assembled energy-gathering main medicine dispensing bag
S1-1, opening a metal energy-gathering cap close to one end of the lead slot, loading an emulsion explosive into a sleeve main body of the main explosive-sending bag energy-gathering device, and lightly pressing the emulsion explosive to enable the emulsion explosive to be completely attached to the metal energy-gathering cap at the end without the lead slot;
s1-2, inserting a detonator into the emulsion explosive, and leading out a lead wire of the detonator from the lead wire groove;
s1-3, covering a metal energy-gathering cap close to one end of the lead groove;
s2 assembled energy-gathering medicine distribution bag
Filling an emulsion explosive into the sleeve main body of the energy gathering device of the energy gathering bag to be distributed, and covering the front end cover and the rear end cover to form an energy gathering bag;
s3, gap distance test
Testing the maximum distance value of a complete sympathetic explosion with the shaped primary hair-kit obtained in said step S1 and the shaped passive hair-kit obtained in S2, and if said maximum distance value is greater than the ideal distance value for the design of the shaped primary hair-kit and the shaped passive hair-kit of said means for increasing the sympathetic explosion distance and enhancing the smooth blasting effect, performing step S4; otherwise, readjusting the design of the charging structure, and adjusting the distance value between the energy-concentrated main propellant package and the energy-concentrated passive propellant package to be within the range of the measured maximum distance value of the complete sympathetic explosion;
s4 preparation of blasting material group
Binding the energy-gathering main explosive-sending bags obtained in the step S1 and the energy-gathering passive explosive-sending bags obtained in the step S2 on a slender bamboo chip at intervals by using plastic adhesive tapes to obtain the blasting material group; the grooves on the side wall of the sleeve main body of the main propellant charge energy gathering device or the propellant charge energy gathering device in the adjacent gun holes on the same contour line are oppositely arranged;
pushing the blasting material group into a blast hole, enabling the axes of the energy-gathering main explosive package and the energy-gathering passive explosive package to coincide with the axis of the blast hole, and blocking the blast hole opening by using stemming;
and S5, connecting wires and detonating.
Wherein, the bottom of the blast hole is also provided with half emulsified explosive rolls, which has the effect of increasing the bottom explosive loading; the half emulsion explosive rolls are connected with the end parts of the bamboo chips.
The scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. according to the invention, the metal energy-gathered cap of the main explosive packet energy-gathered device can realize the long-distance sympathetic detonation of the wireless detonating cord, and specifically, after the explosive is detonated, the detonation wave front enters the metal energy-gathered cap at the end, the generated metal jet flies out along the vertical direction of the conical inner surface under the action of high-pressure collision, and the metal jet is converged and collided at the axis to form high-speed jet. Because the metal jet flow has high energy density, is not easy to expand and disperse in the extension process, has high jet flow speed end and low tail, and can greatly increase the gap distance between explosive sticks because the metal jet flow has longer jet flow range than other materials.
2. The grooves in the length direction in the side walls of the sleeve main body of the main propellant charge energy concentrating device and the propellant charge energy concentrating device can enable sympathetic explosion energy to be intensively poured towards the grooves in the sleeve main body, and the penetration of cracks between the light explosion holes is enhanced.
3. The front end cover and the rear end cover at two ends of the energy gathering device of the powder to be distributed are detachably connected with the sleeve main body, and emulsion explosives can be loaded into the sleeve main body to form the energy gathering powder to be distributed through the disassembly of the front end cover and the rear end cover.
4. The energy-gathering device sleeve main body objectively increases the diameter of the explosive cartridge and reduces the proportion of air in the diameter of the blast hole, and meanwhile, the invention designs the front end cover and the rear end cover of the energy-gathering explosive bag with larger size, which are transversely arranged on the propagation line of the air shock wave, so that the conduction of the air shock wave is blocked or limited, the pipeline effect is eliminated or weakened, and the probability of explosive extinction and explosion rejection in the hole is further reduced.
5. The bottom of the slender bamboo chip is provided with three supporting cushion blocks, the supporting cushion blocks are mainly used for lifting and supporting the flexible bamboo chip which is mainly bundled with the explosive charge and is used for charging the explosive charge, the height of the flexible bamboo chip is adjusted, the axis of the energy-collecting main charge and the axis of the explosive charge coincide with the axis of the blast hole, the energy collection is more accurate, and the lateral energy-collecting grooves of the device face the plane direction of the central line of the adjacent light blasting holes, so that the smooth blasting effect is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a device for increasing gap distances and enhancing the effect of a smooth blasting according to the present invention in use in a blast hole;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device within a light blast hole for increasing the gap distance and enhancing the effect of the smooth blast;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the placement of devices for increasing gap distances and enhancing smooth blasting effects in adjacent smooth blastholes in the plane of the rock mass;
fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view at E of fig. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the primary propellant charge focusing assembly; (b) is a cross-sectional view of C-C in figure (a); (c) is a cross-sectional view of B-B in figure (a);
fig. 6 (a) is a top view of the primary propellant charge collector; (b) is a side view of the primary hair spray energy assembly of figure (a); (c) a front view of an energy gathering device for a main dispensing bag;
fig. 7 (a) is a side view of a metal concentrator cap; (b) is a top view of a metal concentrator cap;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the shaped device coated with a propellant; (b) is a cross-sectional view of E-E in figure (a); (c) is a cross-sectional view of D-D in figure (a);
fig. 9 (a) is a top view of a drug-coated energy concentrating device; (b) is a side view of the medicated energy concentrator of figure (a); (c) is a front view of the energy gathering device of the medicine bag to be dispensed;
FIG. 10 (a) is a front view of the front end cap; FIG. (b) is a side view of the front end cap; FIG. (c) is a top view of the front end cap;
FIG. 11 (a) is a front view of the rear end cap; fig. (b) is a top view of the rear end cap.
[ description of reference ]
1-energy-gathering main explosive-sending bag, 2-energy-gathering passive explosive-sending bag, 3-detonator, 4-half emulsified explosive roll, 5-rock, 6-blast hole, 7-bamboo chip, 8-supporting cushion block, 9-adhesive tape, 10-stemming, 11-lead, 12-metal energy-gathering cap, 13-groove, 14-lead groove, 15-rear end cover, 16-groove and 17-front end cover.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention addresses the problems of the prior art by providing an apparatus for increasing a sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing a smooth blasting effect, as shown in fig. 1-2, the apparatus for increasing a sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing a smooth blasting effect comprises a main propellant charge energy concentrating device, a propellant charge energy concentrating device and a bamboo piece 7, the main propellant charge energy concentrating device and the propellant charge energy concentrating device are both disposed on the bamboo piece 7, and the propellant charge energy concentrating device is disposed at both sides of the main propellant charge energy concentrating device at intervals;
as shown in fig. 5 to 7, the main hair-dressing and energy-gathering device comprises a sleeve main body, wherein a first groove and a second groove are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the sleeve main body along the length direction, the cross sections of the first groove and the second groove are both V-shaped, two ends of the sleeve main body are connected with metal energy-gathering caps 12, the metal energy-gathering caps 12 are detachably connected with the sleeve main body, the middle parts of the metal energy-gathering caps 12 are concave inwards to form a cone, and a lead slot 14 is arranged at the position, close to the metal energy-gathering caps 12, of one end of the sleeve main body.
After the explosive is detonated, due to the effect of energy gathering effect, the explosive energy is intensively released from the first groove and the second groove on the sleeve main body, so that the profile of the section of the tunnel is formed, meanwhile, when the detonation wave enters the metal energy gathering cap 12 at the end part, the generated metal jet flow flies out along the vertical direction of the conical inner surface under the effect of high-pressure collision, and is converged and collided at the axis to form high-speed jet flow. Because the metal jet flow has higher energy density, the metal jet flow is not easy to expand and disperse in the extension process, the metal jet flow can have longer jet flow range than that of other materials, and the gap distance between explosive rolls can be greatly increased.
In order to reduce the cost, the sleeve main body of the main medicine-dispensing energy-gathering device is made of PVC materials.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the sleeve body of the primary hair spray energy concentrating device is 2-4 mm.
Preferably, the opening angle of the first groove and the second groove is 45-60 °.
Preferably, the conical angle of the metal energy concentrating cap 1-1 is 60-70 degrees, the metal energy concentrating cap is made of metal, and the thickness of the conical part of the metal energy concentrating cap is 2 mm.
Preferably, the casing body of the main propellant package energy gathering device is filled with an emulsion explosive, and the diameter of the emulsion explosive is 32mm or 25 mm. The emulsion explosive can be selected from rock emulsion explosives according to requirements.
As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the energy collecting device for the medicine bag comprises a casing main body, a third groove and a fourth groove are symmetrically formed in the side wall of the casing main body along the length direction, the cross sections of the third groove and the fourth groove are V-shaped, two ends of the casing main body are respectively connected with a front end cover 17 and a rear end cover 15, and the front end cover 17 and the rear end cover 15 are respectively detachably connected with the front end and the rear end of the casing main body. The metal energy-gathering cap 12 of the main medicine-dispensing bag energy-gathering device is over against the front end cover 17 of the medicine-dispensing bag energy-gathering device, the section size of the front end cover 17 is larger than that of the rear end cover 15, the first groove and the third groove are located on the same straight line, and the second groove and the fourth groove are located on the same straight line.
The front end cover 17 and the rear end cover 15 mainly play a role in restraining, the end cover facing the direction of the main propellant packet is the front end cover 17, the front end cover 17 is large in size, the front end cover 17 is transversely arranged on a propagation path of air shock waves and plays a role in blocking or limiting the conduction of the air shock waves and eliminating or weakening the pipeline effect, more specifically, the front end cover 17 comprises an end cover main body part, the outer side of the end cover main body part also comprises a flange part along the circumferential direction, the bottom of the front end cover 17 is provided with a platform, the platform is arranged to facilitate the better connection between the propellant packet energy collecting device and the bamboo chips 7, and simultaneously, the main propellant packet energy collecting device and the two propellant packet energy collecting devices on the same bamboo chip are positioned on the same straight line, and the straight line is coincident with the axis of the gun hole.
Will first recess with the third recess sets up to be located same straight line, the second recess with the fourth recess sets up to be located same straight line, be provided with along the recess of length direction on the lateral wall of the sleeve pipe main part of main explosive packet energy concentrating device and the packet of explosive packet energy concentrating device and can make the gap energy concentrate and pour towards the recess direction on the sleeve pipe main part, strengthened the intercommunication of crack between the light explosion hole.
Preferably, the body sleeve of the medicated energy-gathering device is made of PVC material with a wall thickness of 2-4mm in order to reduce production costs.
Preferably, the opening angle of the V-shaped cross section of the third groove and the fourth groove is 45 ° to 60 °.
Preferably, the bottom of the bamboo chip is further provided with a supporting cushion block 8, the supporting cushion block 8 comprises three supporting cushion blocks, and the three supporting cushion blocks 8 are respectively arranged corresponding to the energy gathering device of the main dispensing bag and the energy gathering device of the two dispensed medicine bags. The lip block 8 is in order to raise bamboo chip 7, will be used for increasing sympathetic detonation distance and when the device that strengthens the smooth blasting effect was placed in big gun hole 6, in order to make main powder packet energy concentrating device, two by the axis of powder packet energy concentrating device with the central line coincidence of big gun hole 6 reduces the probability that the accident of refusing to explode that causes because of hole groove effect, and the sympathetic detonation distance of the stable detonation of the rolled emulsified explosive commonly used in the make full use of explosive explosion's energy concentrating principle increase ground blasting.
As shown in fig. 3 to 4, a plurality of blast holes 6 are provided in the rock body on the same plane, the plurality of blast holes 6 are arranged at intervals along a contour to be blasted, each blast hole 6 is provided with a device for increasing a sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing a smooth blasting effect, and grooves on the side wall of the casing body of the main propellant charge energy concentrating device or the propellant charge energy concentrating device adjacent to each other in the blast holes 6 on the same contour line are arranged oppositely. When the cross-section of the sympathetic explosion tunnel is an arc surface, the connecting line of the grooves on the side wall of the sleeve main body of the main explosive-coated energy gathering device or the adjacent blast hole 6 on the same contour line is positioned on the same arc line, and the mode is to make full use of the energy gathering effect to concentrate the explosion energy on the grooves on the side wall of the sleeve main body, so that the tunnel section contour forming effect is enhanced, and the vibration damage effect of blasting on the blast wall rock is reduced.
Preferably, the main medicine distribution bag energy collecting device and the medicine distribution bag energy collecting device are detachably connected with the bamboo chips 7.
Preferably, the main medicine distribution bag energy collecting device and the medicine distribution bag energy collecting device are connected with the bamboo chips 7 in a winding mode through adhesive tapes 9.
The invention also provides a method for increasing a sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing a smooth blasting effect, which comprises the device for increasing a sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing a smooth blasting effect, and comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling the energy-gathering main hair-launching kit 1
S1-1, opening the metal energy-gathering cap 12 close to one end of the lead slot, loading emulsion explosive into the sleeve main body of the main explosive-handling bag energy-gathering device, and lightly pressing the emulsion explosive to enable the emulsion explosive to be completely attached to the metal energy-gathering cap 12 at one end without the lead slot; the emulsion explosive may be a rock emulsion explosive.
S1-2, inserting a detonator 3 into the emulsion explosive, and leading out a lead wire of the detonator 3 from the lead wire groove 14;
s1-3, covering a metal energy-gathering cap 12 close to one end of the lead groove 14;
s2, assembling energy-gathering medicine distribution bag 2
Filling an emulsion explosive into the sleeve main body of the explosive-coated energy gathering device to form an energy-gathered explosive-coated bag 2;
s3, gap distance test
Testing the maximum distance value of a full sympathetic explosion with the shaped primary hair-spray package 1 obtained in the step S1 and the shaped passive hair-spray package 2 obtained in the step S2, and if the maximum distance value is greater than the distance values of the shaped primary hair-spray package 1 and the shaped passive hair-spray package 2 of the device for increasing the sympathetic explosion distance and enhancing the smooth blasting effect, performing a step S4; the test of the maximum distance value of the sympathetic explosion is specifically that in a rock mass near a palm face, a blast hole 6 consistent with the aperture of the light blast hole is drilled in a rock mass sand tank in a manual or mechanical mode, and the assembled energy-gathered main explosive package 1 and the energy-gathered passive explosive package 2 are used for testing the maximum distance value of the complete sympathetic explosion. If the measured gap distance is greater than the maximum distance value between explosive rolls in designed large interval explosive charging structure, then no detonating detonation can be carried out.
S4, mounting the energy-concentrated main propellant package 1 and the energy-concentrated passive propellant package 2 on the bamboo chip 7, aligning the first groove of the energy-concentrated device of the main propellant package with the third groove of the energy-concentrated device of the passive propellant package, aligning the second groove of the energy-concentrated device of the main propellant package with the fourth groove of the energy-concentrated device of the passive propellant package, obtaining a device for increasing the sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing the smooth blasting effect, pushing the device for increasing the sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing the smooth blasting effect into the blast hole 6, enabling the axes of the energy-concentrated main propellant package 1 and the energy-concentrated passive propellant package 2 to coincide with the axis of the blast hole 6, and sealing the blast hole opening by using the stemming 10;
and S5, connecting wires and detonating. And the wire is connected with the detonator 3 in the energy-gathering main explosive-sending bag 1 by a lead wire 11, one end of the lead wire is extended out of the blast hole 6, and the lead wire 11 is ignited for detonation.
Wherein, the step S4 specifically includes: will be in the device propelling movement that is used for increasing gap distance and reinforcing smooth blasting effect is to the big gun hole the bottom of bamboo chip sets up lip block 8, lip block 8 includes three, three lip block 8 sets up respectively the position that energy accumulation main powder charge 1, energy accumulation are sent out medicine package 2 and correspond. After the energy-gathered main medicine-dispensing bag 1 in the step S1 and the energy-gathered medicine-dispensing bag 2 in the step S2 are assembled, the energy-gathered main medicine-dispensing bag 1 and the energy-gathered medicine-dispensing bag 2 are wound on the bamboo chips 7 by using the adhesive tape 9, and the angles of the sleeve main bodies on the energy-gathered device of the main medicine-dispensing bag and the energy-gathered device of the medicine-dispensing bag are adjusted at the same time, so that the grooves on the energy-gathered devices on the same contour line are oppositely arranged. The mode can make full use of the energy-gathering effect to concentrate energy from the groove, namely the position of the energy-gathering groove, thereby enhancing the shaping effect of the profile of the section of the tunnel.
Wherein, the bottom of blast hole 6 still is provided with half emulsion explosive cartridge 4, half emulsion explosive cartridge 4 with the end connection of bamboo chip 8. The half emulsion explosive cartridge 4 is used for enhancing bottom blasting energy, and the energy-gathering cavity of the detonator 3 faces to the blasting orifice and is used for middle reverse initiation.
Wherein, be provided with a plurality ofly on the rock main part that is located the coplanar the big gun hole 6, it is a plurality of the big gun hole 6 sets up along the profile interval of treating the blasting, and every all place in the big gun hole 6 be used for increasing the device that the sympathetic detonation distance just strengthened the smooth blasting effect, be located adjacent on the same contour line the recess on the sleeve pipe main part lateral wall of main propellant charge package energy concentrating device or by propellant charge package energy concentrating device in the big gun hole 6 sets up relatively. When the cross-section of the sympathetic explosion tunnel is an arc surface, the connecting line of the grooves on the side wall of the sleeve main body of the main explosive-coated energy gathering device or the adjacent blast hole 6 on the same contour line is positioned on the same arc line, and the mode is to make full use of the energy gathering effect to concentrate the explosion energy on the grooves on the side wall of the sleeve main body, so that the tunnel section contour forming effect is enhanced, and the vibration damage effect of blasting on the blast wall rock is reduced.
The device and the method for increasing the sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing the smooth blasting effect provided by the invention reduce the probability of the occurrence of the misfiring accident caused by the pipe effect of the blast hole 6, increase the sympathetic detonation distance by utilizing the energy-gathered effect, realize the stable detonation of the large-interval powder charge of the tunnel light blast hole under the condition of no detonating cord explosion propagation, and remarkably enhance the tunnel section contour forming effect and reduce the vibration damage effect of blasting on the light blast surrounding rock while reducing the blasting cost.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A device for increasing a sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing a smooth blasting effect is characterized by comprising a main propellant powder packet energy gathering device, a slender bamboo chip and a supporting cushion block, wherein the main propellant powder packet energy gathering device and the propellant powder packet energy gathering device are bundled on the bamboo chip, the propellant powder packet energy gathering device is arranged on two sides of the main propellant powder packet energy gathering device at intervals, the device for increasing the sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing the smooth blasting effect is arranged in a blast hole, the supporting cushion block is arranged at the hole bottom, the middle part and the three positions of a hole opening of the blast hole and used for supporting the bamboo chip, and the axes of the main propellant powder packet energy gathering device and the propellant powder packet energy gathering device are coincided with the axis of the blast hole;
the main powder distribution bag energy gathering device comprises a sleeve main body, wherein a first groove and a second groove are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the sleeve main body along the length direction, the sections of the first groove and the second groove are V-shaped, the two ends of the sleeve main body are connected with metal energy gathering caps, the metal energy gathering caps are detachably connected with the sleeve main body, the middle parts of the metal energy gathering caps are concave inwards to form a cone, and one end of the sleeve main body is close to a lead groove formed in the position of each metal energy gathering cap.
2. The device for increasing gap distance and enhancing the effect of a smooth blast according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the energy gathering device of the medicine bag comprises a sleeve main body, a third groove and a fourth groove are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the sleeve main body of the energy gathering device of the medicine bag along the length direction, the sections of the third groove and the fourth groove are V-shaped, two ends of the sleeve main body of the energy gathering device for the medicine to be distributed are respectively connected with a front end cover and a rear end cover, the front end cover and the rear end cover are respectively detachably connected with the front end and the rear end of the sleeve main body of the medicine distribution bag energy collecting device, the metal energy-gathering cap of the main medicine-dispensing bag energy-gathering device is opposite to the front end cover of the medicine-dispensed bag energy-gathering device, the cross-sectional dimension of the front end cover is larger than that of the rear end cover, the first groove and the third groove are located on the same straight line, and the second groove and the fourth groove are located on the same straight line.
3. A device for increasing the distance of a sympathetic explosion and enhancing the effect of a smooth explosion according to claim 2, wherein the main propellant charge energy concentrating means and the casing body of the propellant charge energy concentrating means are both made of PVC material.
4. The device for increasing the gap distance and enhancing the effect of a smooth blasting according to claim 2, wherein the wall thickness of the casing body of both the main propellant charge concentrating means and the propellant charge concentrating means is 2mm to 4 mm.
5. A device for increasing the gap distance and enhancing the effect of a smooth blast according to claim 3, wherein the opening angle of the V-shaped cross-section of the first, second, third and fourth grooves is 45 ° to 60 °.
6. An apparatus for increasing the distance of a sympathetic explosion and enhancing the effect of a smooth blast according to claim 4, wherein the conical angle of the taper of the metal shaped cap is from 60 ° to 70 °, the metal shaped cap is of metal and the wall thickness of the tapered portion of the metal shaped cap is 2 mm.
7. The device for increasing the gap distance and enhancing the effect of a smooth blasting according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the bamboo chip is further provided with three supporting cushion blocks, and the three supporting cushion blocks are respectively arranged corresponding to the main propellant packet energy gathering device and the two propellant packet energy gathering devices.
8. A method for increasing a sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing a smooth blast effect, applying the device for increasing a sympathetic detonation distance and enhancing a smooth blast effect according to any one of claims 2 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1 assembled energy-gathering main medicine dispensing bag
S1-1, opening a metal energy-gathering cap close to one end of the lead slot, loading an emulsion explosive into a sleeve main body of the main explosive-sending bag energy-gathering device, and lightly pressing the emulsion explosive to enable the emulsion explosive to be completely attached to the metal energy-gathering cap at the end without the lead slot;
s1-2, inserting a detonator into the emulsion explosive, and leading out a lead wire of the detonator from the lead wire groove;
s1-3, covering a metal energy-gathering cap close to one end of the lead groove;
s2 assembled energy-gathering medicine distribution bag
Filling an emulsion explosive into the sleeve main body of the energy gathering device of the energy gathering bag to be distributed, and covering the front end cover and the rear end cover to form an energy gathering bag;
s3, gap distance test
Testing the maximum distance value of a complete sympathetic explosion with the shaped primary hair-kit obtained in said step S1 and the shaped passive hair-kit obtained in S2, and if said maximum distance value is greater than the ideal distance value for the design of the shaped primary hair-kit and the shaped passive hair-kit of said means for increasing the sympathetic explosion distance and enhancing the smooth blasting effect, performing step S4; otherwise, readjusting the design of the charging structure, and adjusting the distance value between the energy-concentrated main propellant package and the energy-concentrated passive propellant package to be within the range of the measured maximum distance value of the complete sympathetic explosion;
s4 preparation of blasting material group
Binding the energy-gathering main explosive-sending bags obtained in the step S1 and the energy-gathering passive explosive-sending bags obtained in the step S2 on a slender bamboo chip at intervals by using plastic adhesive tapes to obtain the blasting material group; the grooves on the side wall of the sleeve main body of the main propellant charge energy gathering device or the propellant charge energy gathering device in the adjacent gun holes on the same contour line are oppositely arranged;
pushing the blasting material group into a blast hole, enabling the axes of the energy-gathering main explosive package and the energy-gathering passive explosive package to coincide with the axis of the blast hole, and blocking the blast hole opening by using stemming;
and S5, connecting wires and detonating.
9. The method for increasing the gap distance and enhancing the smoothie blast effect of claim 8 wherein the bottom of said blasthole is further provided with half of an emulsion explosive cartridge to provide an increased bottom charge effect; the half emulsion explosive rolls are connected with the end parts of the bamboo chips.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910740169.3A CN110360908B (en) | 2019-08-12 | 2019-08-12 | Device and method for increasing gap distance and enhancing smooth blasting effect |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910740169.3A CN110360908B (en) | 2019-08-12 | 2019-08-12 | Device and method for increasing gap distance and enhancing smooth blasting effect |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110360908A CN110360908A (en) | 2019-10-22 |
| CN110360908B true CN110360908B (en) | 2021-06-08 |
Family
ID=68224375
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910740169.3A Active CN110360908B (en) | 2019-08-12 | 2019-08-12 | Device and method for increasing gap distance and enhancing smooth blasting effect |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110360908B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115523812B (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2023-07-21 | 北部湾大学 | Shaped charge structure for reducing tunnel disturbance and blasting method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9514336D0 (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 1995-09-13 | Sunkyong Engineering & Constru | Method for excavating a working face |
| CN101368811A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-02-18 | 中国水利水电第五工程局有限公司 | Tunnel excavation smooth blasting method |
| CN103398638A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-20 | 贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司 | Method for determining explosive gap distance in blast hole |
| CN109668934A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-23 | 中交公局第五工程有限公司 | Determine the test device and method of cylindrical explosive gap distance under constraint condition |
| CN109855496A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-07 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Hard rock integrates 16 years of age formula deep hole Cut Blasting method in tunnel |
| CN110057257A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-26 | 中南大学 | Hard rock tunnel photoface exploision light blast hole is without primacord without bamboo chip three-stage charge constitution and loading method |
-
2019
- 2019-08-12 CN CN201910740169.3A patent/CN110360908B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9514336D0 (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 1995-09-13 | Sunkyong Engineering & Constru | Method for excavating a working face |
| CN101368811A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-02-18 | 中国水利水电第五工程局有限公司 | Tunnel excavation smooth blasting method |
| CN103398638A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-20 | 贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司 | Method for determining explosive gap distance in blast hole |
| CN109668934A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-23 | 中交公局第五工程有限公司 | Determine the test device and method of cylindrical explosive gap distance under constraint condition |
| CN109855496A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-07 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Hard rock integrates 16 years of age formula deep hole Cut Blasting method in tunnel |
| CN110057257A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-26 | 中南大学 | Hard rock tunnel photoface exploision light blast hole is without primacord without bamboo chip three-stage charge constitution and loading method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110360908A (en) | 2019-10-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108278939B (en) | A kind of blasting method for reducing rock convergence measure and reducing blasting vibration | |
| CN201016669Y (en) | Special apparatus for double-cumulative presplitting and smooth blasting | |
| CN204988049U (en) | Box -like gathering of tunnel universal set can charging means | |
| CN105333778A (en) | Medium-deep hole large-section composite cut blasting structure and method | |
| CN205262309U (en) | Compound undercutting blasting structure of big section of medium -length hole | |
| CN109373842B (en) | Blast hole non-coupling energy-gathering spacing device suitable for non-coal mine and use method thereof | |
| CN108007285A (en) | A kind of stone head deep hole sublevel is segmented efficient Cut Blasting method | |
| CN111750752A (en) | Construction method for tunnel weak surrounding rock presplitting blasting | |
| CN110360908B (en) | Device and method for increasing gap distance and enhancing smooth blasting effect | |
| CN112393654A (en) | Two-way energy-gathering blasting charge structure of joint-cutting pipe | |
| CN113587753A (en) | Axial non-coupling water spaced charging structure and smooth blasting method using same | |
| CN207066255U (en) | A kind of coal seam Deephole pre-splitting blasting charge constitution | |
| CN107289826B (en) | Explosion bulge test device and blasting method | |
| CN111692936A (en) | Rock mass controlled blasting device and blasting method | |
| CN110725685A (en) | Hydraulic fracturing combined hydraulic blasting roadway large-footage tunneling method and fracturing device | |
| CN213021263U (en) | Water-in-water type explosive special for hydraulic blasting | |
| CN103292648A (en) | Blasting cartridge type directional blasting process for chimneys of brick-concrete structures | |
| CN111197950B (en) | Wave-blocking energy-dissipating based damage effect reduction blasting method | |
| CN110793409B (en) | Bundle-shaped blast hole cut blasting method for reducing vibration by utilizing random delay error of common detonator | |
| CN109387126B (en) | Non-coupling energy-gathering spacing device and structure thereof used in non-coal mine blast hole | |
| CN110657723A (en) | Smooth blasting method for hole-by-hole initiation in complex environment | |
| CN115727728A (en) | Energy-gathering structure and spaced charging energy-gathering blasting method | |
| CN108286919A (en) | Detonation driven cumulative fragment generating means | |
| CN111307002B (en) | Closed free surface cut blasting method for improving blasting efficiency | |
| CN212362997U (en) | Rock mass control blasting device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |