CN110357869B - 一种基于ICT机理设计的HClO荧光探针、其合成方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种基于ICT机理设计的HClO荧光探针、其合成方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化学合成及荧光检测领域,具体地说是一种基于ICT机理设计的HClO荧光探针,其合成方法及其应用。
背景技术
次氯酸(HClO)是一种弱酸性的活性氧,pKa值为7.6,因此在生理条件下(pH=7.2-7.4)能够部分解离成次氯酸盐阴离子。在一定浓度范围内,由于其强氧化性,HClO作为一种有效的抗菌剂和漂白剂广泛用于日常生活中;另外,HClO也是正常的细胞代谢的副产品之一,对生物体有着重要影响,在白细胞包括巨噬细胞、单核细胞和中性粒细胞中氯离子和过氧化氢在髓过氧化物酶(MPO)的催化下反应产生内源性次氯酸。尽管HClO有助于生物体内对细菌和病原体的破坏,但过量的HClO会引起氧化应激,导致许多疾病如炎症性疾病、动脉粥样硬化、心血管疾病、癌症和肾脏疾病等。鉴于HClO在生物学上的重要性,监测生命系统中次氯酸浓度的变化、研究活细胞中次氯酸的动态分布、成为当今细胞生物学和医疗诊断等领域的一项重要课题。
现有技术中可用于选择性检测次氯酸/次氯酸盐的方法有很多,如碘量滴定法、比色法、化学发光法、库仑法、极谱法和辐解法等。然而,这些方法往往比较繁琐。同时,有些检测必须在有机介质或有机/水介质中进行,限制其应用。与上述方法相比,荧光探针被认为是生物研究理想的手段,因为荧光检测所需的仪器相对简单,选择性和灵敏度高、检测范围广、响应时间快速、而且检测过程对样品没有破坏、对细胞危害也很小,荧光共聚焦检测能够提供实时的检测结果。然而,一些荧光探针表现出不同的不良性质,如与活细胞相容性差、水溶性低或膜透性差。
发明内容
本发明的技术任务是针对上述现有技术的不足,提供一种化学和光学稳定性好,在生理条件下对HClO具有高选择性和高灵敏度的小分子萘酰亚胺衍生物荧光探针。
本发明进一步的技术任务是提供上述荧光探针化合物的合成方法。
本发明再进一步的技术任务是提供上述荧光探针化合物的应用。
本发明再进一步的技术任务是提供以上述荧光探针进行HClO检测的方法。
本发明的技术任务是按以下方式实现的:一种基于ICT机理设计的 HClO荧光探针,其结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
基于ICT机理设计的HClO荧光探针合成方法,包括以下步骤:
S1. 4-溴-1,2-萘二酸酐经甲硫醇取代溴的取代反应得到4-甲硫基 -1,2-萘二酸酐;
S2. 4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐经酰胺化反应得到式(Ⅰ)所示荧光探针。
合成路线如下:
作为优选,步骤S1中4-溴-1,2-萘二酸酐和甲硫醇钠与适量缚酸剂在有机溶剂中反应,反应结束后分离提纯得到4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐。 4-溴-1,2-萘二酸酐与甲硫醇、缚酸剂的摩尔比为1:(1.5-2.5): (0.9-1.1),优选为1:(1.8-2.2):(0.95-1.05)。所述缚酸剂可以是碳酸钠、碳酸钾、三乙胺或三乙醇胺,优选为碳酸钾。所述有机溶剂可以是N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、吡啶或四氢呋喃,优选为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
步骤S1的具体步骤为:
S11. 4-溴-1,2-萘二酸酐和甲硫醇钠与适量缚酸剂溶解于有机溶剂中,得到反应液;
S12.将反应液升温至75-90℃,并在该温度下反应3-5h;
S13.反应结束后,将反应液倒入适量冰水浴中;
S14.滴加适量冰乙酸(用于除去缚酸剂),得到沉淀,过滤得中间体粗品;
S15.中间体粗品过硅胶柱得到中间体4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐。
作为优选,步骤S2中4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐和2-氨基苯并噻唑与适量催化剂在有机溶剂中反应,反应结束后提纯分离得到式(Ⅰ)所示荧光探针。4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐与2-氨基苯丙噻唑、催化剂的摩尔比为 1:(0.9-1.3):(0.05-0.15),优选为1:(1.1-1.3):(0.10-0.13)。所述催化剂可以是氯化锌、醋酸锌、氯化铜或氯化亚铜,优选为醋酸锌。所述有机溶剂可以是N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、吡啶或四氢呋喃,优选为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
步骤S2的具体步骤为:
S21. 4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐和适量催化溶解于有机溶剂中,得到反应液;
S22.向反应液中加入2-氨基苯并噻唑;
S23.将反应液升温至135-150℃,并在该温度下反应10-15h;
S24.反应结束后,将反应液倒入适量冰水浴中,得到沉淀,过滤得到中间体粗品;
S25.中间体粗品过硅胶柱得到式(Ⅰ)所示荧光探针。
本发明结构式(Ⅰ)所示荧光探针中甲硫基具有分子内电子转移(ICT) 能力,与次氯酸反应前后荧光光谱波长能够发生明显的变化,可应用于生物成像,特别是细胞内HClO的共聚焦成像。
以本发明荧光探针进行HClO检测时,优选将荧光探针配制在DMSO 与PBS缓冲液的混合液中。DMSO与PBS缓冲液的体积比为1:(8-10),优选为1:(8.5-9.5)。式(Ⅰ)所示荧光探针的浓度优选为1×10-5~5× 10-5mol/L。
本发明的基于ICT机理设计的HClO荧光探针,其合成方法及其应用与现有技术相比具有以下突出地有益效果:
(一)所述荧光探针具有良好的化学和光学稳定性,在生理条件下对HClO具有很高选择性和高灵敏度;
(二)合成简便,并且易于提纯;
(三)检测前后荧光波长发生明显的变化,选择性高;
(四)可应用于细胞的共聚焦成像,具有重要的应用价值。
附图说明
附图1是实施例化合物(1)-HClO在与多种离子、分子响应60min 后的吸收光谱图(F-,Br-,NO3 -,NO2 -,N3 -,SO4 2-,SO3 2-,CO3 2-,PO4 3-, CH3COO-,Na+,Ag+,Al3+,Ca2+,Cr3+,Co2+,Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn2+,Ni2+,Pb2+, Zn2+,Cu2+,H2O2,NO,ONOO-,O2,ClO-,·OH,T-Buoo-.);
附图2是实施例化合物(1)-HClO在与多种离子、分子响应60min 后的荧光谱.(F-,Br-,NO3 -,NO2 -,N3 -,SO4 2-,SO3 2-,CO3 2-,PO4 3-, CH3COO-,Na+,Ag+,Al3+,Ca2+,Cr3+,Co2+,Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn2+,Ni2+,Pb2+, Zn2+,Cu2+,H2O2,NO,ONOO-,O2,ClO-,·OH,T-Buoo-.);
附图3是实施例化合物(1)-HClO在不同浓度HClO时的吸收光谱变化;
附图4是实施例化合物(1)-HClO在不同浓度HClO时的荧光强度变化;
附图5是实施例化合物(1)-HClO的荧光强度在加入HClO前后随pH 的变化示意图;
附图6是实施例化合物(1)细胞中的成像(a,d)是亮场成像;(b) 加入探针(1)后的荧光成像;(c)是(a)和(b)的叠加;(e)b加入次氯酸后的成像;(f)d和e的叠加。
具体实施方式
以具体实施例对本发明的用于HClO检测的荧光探针,其合成方法及其应用作以下详细地说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施实例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
如无特别说明,下述所用各成分的含量为质量百分比含量。
合成路线:
制备实施例:
S1.将4-溴-1,2-萘二酸酐(0.226g,1mmol)和甲硫醇钠(0.140g, 2mmol),碳酸钾(0.138g,1mmol)加入反应瓶中,加入6mlN,N-二甲基甲酰胺,升温至80℃,反应4.5h,反应结束后,将反应液倒入50ml冰水浴中,滴加冰乙酸4ml,得到黄色沉淀,过滤得到粗品,过硅胶柱,得到中间体4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ=8.58(dd, J=7.3,1.0,1H),8.53(dd,J=8.5,1.0,1H),8.44(d,J=8.0,1H),7.74(dd, J=8.5,7.4,1H),7.43(d,J=8.0,1H),2.66(s,3H).13C NMR(75MHz, CDCl3)δ=160.5,148.8,133.6,132.9,131.0,130.2,129.1,126.9, 121.2,119.4,114.4,14.8.HRMS:[M+H]+calcd for C13H8O3S:245.0272; found 245.0259.
S2.将4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐(0.244g,1mmol,)、醋酸锌 (0.022g,0.12mmol)、2-氨基苯并噻唑(0.161g,1.2mmol)加入到反应瓶中,加入5mlN,N-二甲基甲酰胺,将反应液升温至140℃,并在该温度下反应12h,反应结束后,将反应液倒入50ml冰水浴中;得到黄色沉淀,过滤,得到中间体粗品;粗品过硅胶柱得到式(Ⅰ)所示荧光探针化合物。1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3+CF3COOD)δ=8.92(d,J=6.8,1H),8.82(d, J=8.4,1H),8.76(d,J=8.2,1H),8.25(d,J=8.2,1H),8.14(d,J=7.9,1H), 8.01–7.93(m,1H),7.88(dd,J=11.5,4.2,1H),7.82(dd,J=11.3,4.1, 1H),7.66(d,J=8.2,1H),2.80(s,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,CDCl3+CF3COOD)δ=163.3,163.2,160.5,153.9,135.2,134.7,134.6,133.4, 130.5,129.0,128.7,127.7,127.5,122.1,121.6,119.1,117.7,113.8, 14.6.HRMS:[M+H]+calcd forC20H12N2O2S2:377.0418;found 377.0400.
实验例1(选择性实验)
对制备实施例所得荧光探针化合物在不同ROS(ClO-、H2O2、1O2、OH)、 RNS(NO、NO3 -、ONO2 -)和其它离子(F-,Br-,NO3 -,NO2 -,N3 -,SO4 2-,SO3 2-, CO3 2-,PO4 3-,CH3COO-,Na+,Ag+,Al3+,Ca2 +,Cr3+,Co2+,Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn2+, Ni2+,Pb2+,Zn2+,Cu2+)存在下的吸收光谱和发射光谱进行测量。如附图 1、2所示,其他ROS和RNS不会使荧光探针化合物的光谱发生明显改变,而HClO存在时,吸收光谱发生明显的蓝移,荧光光谱淬灭。
实验例2(光物理性质测定):
固定制备实施例所得荧光探针化合物浓度(1×10-5),改变HClO浓度,检测探针在5%DMSO-95%PBS溶液(pH 7.4)中吸收光谱和荧光强度的变化。如附图3、4所示,随着HClO浓度的增加,吸收光谱在400nm处的峰逐渐降低,而在350nm处的峰逐渐增强,375nm处出现一个等消光点。两者的比值与HClO的浓度呈线性关系。并且,随着HClO浓度的增加,荧光强度逐渐降低,最后几乎淬灭。
实验例3(pH稳定性实验)
如图5所示,在4-8.0之间,制备实施例所得荧光探针化合物没有明显的荧光强度变化,说明在这一较宽的pH范围内,探针保持稳定。
实验例4(细胞实验):
测试制备实施例所得荧光探针化合物对Hela细胞中HClO成像的潜在应用。如附图6所示,Hela细胞第一次用10μM荧光探针化合物孵化30 分钟,有很强的荧光,添加5倍量的HClO后荧光淬灭。结果表明该荧光探针化合物可进入Hela细胞与其中的HClO反应,并可用于活细胞中HClO 的成像。
Claims (10)
3.根据权利要求2所述的合成方法,其特征在于:
步骤S1中4-溴-1,2-萘二酸酐和甲硫醇钠与适量缚酸剂在有机溶剂中反应,反应结束后分离提纯得到4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐。
4.根据权利要求3所述的合成方法,其特征在于步骤S1具体为:
S11.4-溴-1,2-萘二酸酐和甲硫醇钠与适量缚酸剂溶解于有机溶剂中,得到反应液;
S12.将反应液升温至75-90℃,并在该温度下反应3-5h;
S13.反应结束后,将反应液倒入适量冰水浴中;
S14.滴加适量冰乙酸,得到沉淀,过滤得中间体粗品;
S15.中间体粗品过硅胶柱得到中间体4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐。
5.根据权利要求2所述的合成方法,其特征在于:
步骤S2中4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐和2-氨基苯并噻唑与适量催化剂在有机溶剂中反应,反应结束后提纯分离得到式(Ⅰ)所示荧光探针。
6.根据权利要求5所述的合成方法,其特征在于步骤S2具体为:
S21.4-甲硫基-1,2-萘二酸酐和适量催化溶解于有机溶剂中,得到反应液;
S22.向反应液中加入2-氨基苯并噻唑;
S23.将反应液升温至135-150℃,并在该温度下反应10-15h;
S24.反应结束后,将反应液倒入适量冰水浴中,得到沉淀,过滤得中间体粗品;
S25.中间体粗品过硅胶柱得到式(Ⅰ)所示荧光探针。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述荧光探针应用于细胞内HClO的共聚焦成像。
10.根据权利要求9所述的检测的方法,其特征在于:
DMSO与PBS缓冲液的体积比为1:(8-10);
式(Ⅰ)所示荧光探针的浓度为1×10-5-5×10-5mol/L。
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