CN110355394A - A kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structure - Google Patents
A kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110355394A CN110355394A CN201910767066.6A CN201910767066A CN110355394A CN 110355394 A CN110355394 A CN 110355394A CN 201910767066 A CN201910767066 A CN 201910767066A CN 110355394 A CN110355394 A CN 110355394A
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- Prior art keywords
- air
- bearing
- pneumatic
- shaft
- assembly
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
- B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
- B23B31/16—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving radially
- B23B31/16287—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable moving radially using fluid-pressure means to actuate the gripping means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structures, it is installed on the ring flange of lathe, including the shaft being fixedly connected with ring flange, the Pneumatic assembly that shaft front is arranged in, the chuck assembly that is arranged on Pneumatic assembly and the ventilation bearing that shaft rear portion is arranged in, bearing of ventilating uses aerostatic bearing, air channel is set in shaft, and air channel is connected to Pneumatic assembly and aerostatic bearing；Air a part that aerostatic bearing is passed through forms air film in aerostatic bearing, and another part enters driving of the Pneumatic assembly realization to chuck assembly by air channel.Due to the leveling effect of gas membrane, rotating accuracy can be further improved, and significantly reduce the influence of the form error of mechanical bearing to the rotating accuracy and stability of rotation of chuck；Simultaneously in aerostatic bearing, due to being separated chuck rotating part with stationary part using air film, the direct contact of mechanical part is avoided, running frictional force is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machine chuck manufacturing technology fields, more particularly, to a kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structure.
Background technique
Air spider is a kind of machinery for moving radially realization and clamping workpiece of movable jaw that utilization is evenly arranged on chuck
Device is often installed on lathe, internal grinder and cylindrical grinder and uses.With the development of Ultra-precision Turning manufacturing technology, perhaps
Requirement of more high-tech products to super-precision machine tools machining accuracy is higher and higher, and air spider clamps high-efficient, folder because of it
The advantages that precision is high, and chuck structure is simple is held, is widely used in high-precision turning and grinding.
The rotation of chuck is to connect drive with work spindle by ring flange, and external compression gas source passes through air flue connector
Part enters the gas chamber of chuck, and air flue connector is static part, and air flue connector reduces chuck by using bearing technology
Friction between rotating part and stationary part.As the chuck being connected directly with main shaft, rotating accuracy is largely
Determine the turn error of work end at high speed.Other than machining accuracy of chuck itself, air flue connector part
The bearing technology of use has also been largely fixed the rotating accuracy of chuck.
Conventional contact rolling bearing is widely used on air spider to reduce rubbing for its stationary part and rotating part
It wipes, due to self structure, conventional contact bearing is extremely difficult to high machining accuracy, to produce during rotation
Raw vibration is to reduce the rotating accuracy of chuck.It will appear creeping phenomenon in low-speed running, and in prolonged high-speed rotation
In the process, the frictional heat generation of bearing causes the thermal deformation of chuck section that can also reduce the rotating accuracy of work end.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structures, it realizes the high-precision of chuck
Degree turns round while vibration is smaller, is not in creeping phenomenon in low speed, and frictional heat generation phenomenon will not be generated in high speed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problem is that: a kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structure is installed on
On the ring flange of lathe, including be fixedly connected with ring flange shaft, shaft front is set Pneumatic assembly, be arranged pneumatic
Chuck assembly on component and the ventilation bearing that shaft rear portion is arranged in, the ventilation bearing use aerostatic bearing,
Air channel, the air channel connection Pneumatic assembly and aerostatic bearing are set in the shaft；The air is quiet
Last item holds the air a part being passed through and forms air film in aerostatic bearing, and another part enters Pneumatic assembly by air channel
Realize the driving to chuck assembly.
Further specifically, the aerostatic bearing includes air-float guide rail and the gas with air-float guide rail coaxial arrangement
Floating axle is held, and several throttle orifices of axial thrust and radial support effect are arranged on the air-bearing.
Further specifically, the Pneumatic assembly includes pneumatic housing centered on shaft, is arranged in pneumatic housing
It is interior and be set in the air rammer in shaft, the front cover being set in pneumatic housing, be set between front cover and air rammer
Reset spring, forms gas chamber between the pneumatic housing and air rammer, the air channel is connected to gas chamber.
Further specifically, the throttle orifice includes several radial throttle orifices being arranged radially, several radial sections of connection
The annular air supply trough of the axial throttle orifice of discharge orifice and several radial throttle orifices of connection, be arranged on the annular air supply trough into
Stomata.
Further specifically, the annular air supply trough is the annular groove being arranged on air-bearing cylinder, and in the ring
Sealing ring is set on shape slot.
Further specifically, groove is arranged on the inside of the front cover, the reset spring is located in groove.
Further specifically, shaft, air-float guide rail and the pneumatic housing is integrally formed.
Further specifically, the chuck assembly includes being arranged on front cover and slidable power voussoir, being set to
Claw on power voussoir and convex wedge on air rammer and with the cooperation of power voussoir is set, the convex wedge is to far from turning
The direction of axis, which tilts, to be stretched out.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: after using above structure, due to the leveling effect of gas membrane, the present invention with
Being compared using the air spider of tradition machinery contact bearing not only can be further improved rotating accuracy, but also significantly reduce
The form error of ball or roller is to the rotating accuracy of chuck and the influence of stability of rotation in mechanical bearing；It is quiet in air simultaneously
During last item is held, due to being separated chuck rotating part with stationary part using air film, the direct contact of mechanical part is avoided, is had
Effect reduces running frictional force, is not in creeping phenomenon.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic cross-sectional view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram of the part A of Fig. 1.
In figure: 1, ring flange；2, shaft；3, air channel；4, air-float guide rail；5, air-bearing；6, pneumatic housing；7, pneumatic
Piston；8, front cover；9, reset spring；10, gas chamber；11, power voussoir；12, claw；13, convex wedge；51, radial throttle orifice；52,
Axial throttle orifice；53, annular air supply trough；54, air inlet.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
A kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structure as shown in Figure 1, is installed on the ring flange 1 of lathe, including solid with ring flange 1
Surely the shaft 2 that connects, the Pneumatic assembly that 2 front of shaft is arranged in, the chuck assembly being arranged on Pneumatic assembly and setting exist
The ventilation bearing at 2 rear portion of shaft, the ventilation bearing use aerostatic bearing, air channel are arranged in the shaft 2
3, the air channel 3 is connected to Pneumatic assembly and aerostatic bearing；Air a part that the aerostatic bearing is passed through
Air film is formed in aerostatic bearing, another part enters driving of the Pneumatic assembly realization to chuck assembly by air channel 3；
By ventilating to aerostatic bearing, realizes the adjustment to chuck assembly and shape air film, improve rotating accuracy.
Wherein aerostatic bearing includes air-float guide rail 4 and the air-bearing shafts with the coaxial arrangement of air-float guide rail 4 as shown in Figure 2
5 are held, air-float guide rail 4 is fixed on ring flange 1 as ring flange 1 rotates together, and axial stop is arranged on the air-bearing 5
Several throttle orifices of radial support effect are spreaded to, uniformly open up several axial directions around the central spindle of air-bearing 5 in the axial direction
Throttle orifice 52, axial throttle orifice 52 is set as 8 groups in the present case, and every group has 1, which is through hole, and two
Side opening is corresponded respectively in ring flange 1 and Pneumatic assembly position；In several radial directions of setting in the radial direction of air-bearing 5
Throttle orifice 51 is arranged 8 groups in the present case, and every group has 3, and be uniformly distributed, in same sagittal plane, radial throttle orifice 51 with
Axial throttle orifice 52 is connected to；Meanwhile in order to guarantee to be connected between all radial throttle orifice 51 and axial throttle orifice 52, in air bearing
Annular air supply trough 53 is opened up on bearing 5, a radial throttle orifice 51 in each sagittal plane is connected to by annular air supply trough 53, and
At least one air inlet 54 is opened up on annular air supply trough 53, realizes air inlet；And in order to facilitate processing, annular air supply trough 53 is set
It sets and forms annular groove on the cylinder of air-bearing 5, and sealing ring is installed on annular groove, realize the function of annular air supply trough 53
Energy；Radial throttle orifice 51 is processed as a through-hole, which is located at side on 5 cylinder of air-bearing and seals up, this mode
Cleaning is got up also more convenient；The gas entered from air inlet 54 in air-bearing 5 after radial throttle orifice 51 with air bearing by leading
Air film is formed between rail 4, the gas being passed through passes through after axial throttle orifice 52 between air-bearing 5 and ring flange 1, air-bearing
Air film is formed between 5 and Pneumatic assembly.
Pneumatic assembly includes pneumatic housing 6 centered on shaft 2, is arranged in pneumatic housing 6 and is set in shaft 2
Air rammer 7, the front cover 8 being set in pneumatic housing 6, the reset spring 9 that is set between front cover 8 and air rammer 7, institute
Gas chamber 10 is formed between the pneumatic housing 6 stated and air rammer 7, the air channel 3 is connected to gas chamber 10, and the gas chamber 10 setting exists
Close to the side of ring flange 1, gas chamber 10 is a cricoid space, and air channel 3 is arranged 3 and is connected in gas chamber 10；For side
Just position reset spring 9, therefore 3 grooves are set on front cover 8, reset spring 9 is that 3 one-to-one correspondence are fixed in groove；Work
When making, aerostatic bearing ventilation, gas enters in air channel 3 along throttle orifice, and gas is passed through to gas chamber 10 by air channel 3
It is interior, air pressure increase in gas chamber 10 so that air rammer 7 to moving far from 1 side of ring flange and compressed to reset spring 9,
The operation clamped to chuck assembly is realized at this time；When not working, stop ventilation, the air pressure in gas chamber 10 reduces, and reset spring 9 makes
It obtains air rammer 7 to restore to initial position, realizes the loosening operation to chuck assembly at this time.
Chuck assembly include be arranged on front cover 8 and slidable power voussoir 11, the card that is set on power voussoir 11
Pawl 12 and the convex wedge 13 for being arranged on air rammer 7 and cooperating with power voussoir 11, the convex wedge 13 is to far from shaft 2
Direction inclination is stretched out；Chuck assembly is arranged 3 groups, and is evenly distributed on front cover 8 around shaft；When air rammer 7 drives convex wedge
13 close to power voussoir 11 when, convex wedge 13 makes power voussoir 11 to 2 center movement of shaft, power voussoir 11 drive claw 12 to
2 center movement of shaft realizes the clamping to workpiece；When air rammer 7 drives convex wedge 13 far from power voussoir 11, convex wedge 13 makes
Power voussoir 11 and claw 12 are obtained far from 2 center of shaft, unclamps workpiece.
Based on above structure, in order to facilitate the installation of, shaft 2, air-float guide rail 4 and pneumatic housing 6 are integrally formed, installed
When, corresponding component need to be only installed, installation effectiveness is improved.
In conclusion being directed to existing air spider, this case substitutes existing mechanical contact axis using aerostatic bearing
It holds, small compared with tradition machinery contact bear vibration due to the homogenizing error effects of air film, rotating accuracy is high, in slow-speed of revolution operating condition
Under, be not in creeping phenomenon, under high-speed working condition, frictional heat generation phenomenon will not be generated, considerably increase rotating accuracy, mentioned
High manufacturing accuracy.
It is emphasized that: the above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not make in any form to the present invention
Limitation, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention,
All of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structure is installed on the ring flange (1) of lathe, including is fixedly connected with ring flange (1)
Shaft (2), setting turning in the Pneumatic assembly of shaft (2) front, the chuck assembly that is arranged on Pneumatic assembly and setting
The ventilation bearing at axis (2) rear portion, which is characterized in that the ventilation bearing uses aerostatic bearing, in the shaft (2)
Interior setting air channel (3), the air channel (3) are connected to Pneumatic assembly and aerostatic bearing；The aerostatic bearing
The air a part being passed through forms air film in aerostatic bearing, and another part enters Pneumatic assembly reality by air channel (3)
Now to the driving of chuck assembly.
2. high-precision pneumatic chuck structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the aerostatic bearing includes
Air-float guide rail (4) and the air-bearing (5) being coaxially disposed with air-float guide rail (4), are arranged axis on the air-bearing (5)
Several throttle orifices acted on to thrust and radial support.
3. high-precision pneumatic chuck structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Pneumatic assembly includes to turn
Pneumatic housing (6) centered on axis (2), setting in pneumatic housing (6) and be set on shaft (2) air rammer (7), set
The front cover (8) being placed on pneumatic housing (6), the reset spring (9) being set between front cover (8) and air rammer (7), it is described
Gas chamber (10) are formed between pneumatic housing (6) and air rammer (7), the air channel (3) is connected to gas chamber (10).
4. high-precision pneumatic chuck structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the aerostatic bearing includes
Air-float guide rail (4) and the air-bearing (5) being coaxially disposed with air-float guide rail (4), are arranged axis on the air-bearing (5)
Several throttle orifices acted on to thrust and radial support.
5. according to the high-precision pneumatic chuck structure described in claim 2 or 4, which is characterized in that the throttle orifice packet
Include several radial throttle orifices (51) being arranged radially, the axial throttle orifice (52) of several radial throttle orifices (51) of connection and connection
The annular air supply trough (53) of several radial direction throttle orifices (51), is arranged air inlet (54) on the annular air supply trough (53).
6. high-precision pneumatic chuck structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the annular air supply trough (53) is
Annular groove on air-bearing (5) cylinder is set, and sealing ring is set on the annular groove.
7. high-precision pneumatic chuck structure according to claim 3, which is characterized in that setting on the inside of the front cover (8)
Groove, the reset spring (9) are located in groove.
8. high-precision pneumatic chuck structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the shaft (2), air-float guide rail
(4) and pneumatic housing (6) is integrally formed.
9. high-precision pneumatic chuck structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the chuck assembly includes setting
On front cover (8) and slidable power voussoir (11), the claw (12) that is set on power voussoir (11) and it is arranged in gas
Convex wedge (13) in piston (7) and with power voussoir (11) cooperation, the convex wedge (13) incline to the direction far from shaft (2)
Tiltedly stretch out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910767066.6A CN110355394A (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | A kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910767066.6A CN110355394A (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | A kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110355394A true CN110355394A (en) | 2019-10-22 |
Family
ID=68224026
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910767066.6A Pending CN110355394A (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | A kind of high-precision pneumatic chuck structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110355394A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110778823A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-11 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Bidirectional air-float rotary joint |
| CN112719329A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 宁波中大力德智能传动股份有限公司 | Stacked slice chuck |
-
2019
- 2019-08-20 CN CN201910767066.6A patent/CN110355394A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110778823A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-11 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Bidirectional air-float rotary joint |
| CN112719329A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 宁波中大力德智能传动股份有限公司 | Stacked slice chuck |
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