CN110352781A - A kind of grape cultivation method of two crops a year - Google Patents
A kind of grape cultivation method of two crops a year Download PDFInfo
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- CN110352781A CN110352781A CN201910713359.6A CN201910713359A CN110352781A CN 110352781 A CN110352781 A CN 110352781A CN 201910713359 A CN201910713359 A CN 201910713359A CN 110352781 A CN110352781 A CN 110352781A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of grape cultivation methods of two crops a year, specifically includes the following steps: plant crop, S1, trimming: bearing basal shoot was made using the upper 1 year spring tip, pergola cultivation stays 3-6 bud to trim depending on result pellet branch stalwartness situation, the general reservation 6-10 bud of frame is trimmed, the 1-2 bud of selecting and remain for giving over to nutrition and innovation shoot is trimmed, and clear garden immediately is needed after cutting, then tie up by fruit branch climing；S2, soil management: it combines autumn basal dressing to plough deeply after annual fruit harvesting and improves the soil, orchard Growing season rainfall or after pouring water, 5 centimetres -10 centimetres of depth of intertillage pine intertillage, then can use wheat straw in time, wheat bran, corn stalk, hay etc. are covered on the root of fruit tree, need to clear up weeds in institute before covering；The present invention relates to vinegrowing technical fields.The grape cultivation method of the two crops a year, the quality of guarantee wine-growing that can be comprehensive, greatly improves the mouthfeel and nutritive value of grape entirety, increases the benefit of wine-growing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vinegrowing technical field, specially a kind of grape cultivation method of two crops a year.
Background technique
Vinegrowing be one specialize in grape and produce grape subject, in addition to comprising it is a succession of in vineyard into
Except capable work, the process that grape brings brewed wine is also belonged into vinegrowing, is a branch of gardening, vinegrowing
Action be monitoring plant diseases and insect pests, fertilising, irrigation, tree crown management, monitor fruit developmental state and whether have wine product
When characteristic, decision harvest, winter pruning etc..In addition, winemaker's often close viticultural process of participation, this be by
It is inseparable with the management process in vineyard in the dregs of grape wine product characteristic that the grape of harvesting is brewed, with grape market
Supply falls short of demand, and the cultivation of two crops a year grape is more and more common, but there is also following for the vinegrowing of existing two crops a year
Problem:
1. the grape cultivation method of existing two crops a year, general plantation program is fairly simple, therefore it is whole to cause grape
The quality of body is not fine situation, and affects the mouthfeel and nutritive value of grape entirety, reduces the market value of grape；
2. the grape cultivation method of existing two crops a year, staff's large labor intensity in cultivation, and fertilizer etc. consumes
The amount of expense is big.
Summary of the invention
(1) the technical issues of solving
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of grape cultivation method of two crops a year, grape is solved
Whole plantation quality is not that fine and fertilizer expends big problem.
(2) technical solution
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs: a kind of vinegrowing of two crops a year
Method, specifically includes the following steps:
Plant crop
S1, trimming: bearing basal shoot was made using the upper 1 year spring tip, pergola cultivation stays 3-6 depending on result pellet branch stalwartness situation
Bud trimming, the general reservation 6-10 bud trimming of frame, the 1-2 bud of selecting and remain for giving over to nutrition and innovation shoot are trimmed, are needed immediately after cutting
Then fruit branch tie up climing by clear garden；
S2, soil management: combining autumn basal dressing to plough deeply and improve the soil after annual fruit harvesting, orchard Growing season rainfall or pours water
Afterwards, 5 centimetres -10 centimetres of depth of intertillage pine intertillage in time, then can use wheat straw, wheat bran, corn stalk, hay etc. are covered on fruit tree
Root, need to clear up weeds in institute before covering；
The tip is determined in S3, bud picking: for the first time that adventitious bud, bearing basal shoot base portion 1-2 is a weak after breaking dormancy vernalization to bearing basal shoot
Bud is erased, and accessory bud and the extremely strong prosperous tip are erased for the second time, carries out after occupying stably fruit as early as possible for the third time, then stays 8- to bearing basal shoot
10 leaves carry out pinching, and nutrition branch generally stays 10-12 leaf to carry out pinching, more than a fruit branch inflorescence stays 6-8 piece leaf, and each fruit branch
Should erase the sublateral shoot of fruit branch two sides of just sprouting as early as possible after pinching；
S4, nutrient solution sprinkling: spraying nutrient solution to fruit tree root according to the practical growing state of soil and fruit branch, general to select
It selects through manual type time sprinkling in the afternoon, nutrient solution is usually by the composition of nutritive substances such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg and water, group
Divide ratio are as follows: N content 10-15%, P content 2-4%, K content 8-10%, Ca content 15-18%, Mg content 1-2%, water content
55-60% needs to spray to fruit branch after spraying nutrient solution in 24 hours, but quantity of spraying should not be too large；
S5, field management: carrying out at fruit tree Post flowering 15-18 days, dredges that the bad, development of going to inseminate is smaller and growth deformity
Fruit, while the fruit ear of overmatter should also be handled, the nutrient of such fruit branch can be concentrated, and promote fruit to expand,
After flower and fruit thinning, using the gibberellin medical fluid of 450PPM, uniformly it is sprayed on fruit ear；
S6, bagging: bagging selection application is exclusively for grape fruit ear production and the paper bag dipped with fungicide, usually in Portugal
Fruit soya bean size or so carries out after grape physiological fallen fruit, after sack is folded to cob, ties up on fringe congee, makes fruit ear vacantly in bag
In, avoiding fruit to directly contact bag as far as possible influences development；
S7, timely collecting: depending on the kind of grape, aubergine and berry meat are generally become by green in pericarp color
Matter starts harvesting when softening, and when harvesting, which needs to pay attention to, avoids harvesting damage caused by particle；
Second makes fruit
S1, tree body are restored: clearing up the remaining fruit on the medium fruit branch of orchard immediately, apply base fertilizer, dose regards base manure
With fruit branch growing way, result quantities situation and increase and decrease, then top dressing divides 2-3 times, and needs to pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, in timely removing garden
Weeds avoid the nutrient for influencing fruit branch, tree body are allowed to pass through one month or so convalescence；
Fruit is stayed in S2, vernalization: vernalization at once after trimming to fruit branch, with the lime nitrogen solution of nitrogen concentration 15-20%, point is cut
Mouth terminal bud trims fruit ear after terminal bud rudiment starts inflorescence occur, and every square metre is stayed fruit ear 5-6；
Wherein the step of S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7 is identical as plant crop step.
Preferably, in the S2 of the plant crop, generally in 2 months early and middle ten days and 12 DEG C of mean temperature or more carry out vernalization.
Preferably, in the S5, after flower and fruit thinning fruit branch nutrient can concentrate, promote fruit ear growth and development, color
It is good, it can list in advance, increase whole income.
Preferably, in the S7, should pay attention to whole quality in harvesting, check grape surface whether there is or not breakage,
And the problems such as checking whether there is pest and disease damage.
Preferably, described second make in the S1 of fruit, when applying base fertilizer, before flowering 10 days or so it is red mould with 20%
1 gram of element elongates flower spikes to 40 kilograms of spraying decoration flower buds of water, Post flowering 2-3 days 0.1% chloropyuril and gibberellin, liter liquid dip-flower fringe, into
Row seedlessness processing.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention provides a kind of grape cultivation methods of two crops a year.Have compared with prior art following beneficial to effect
Fruit:
(1), S1, trimming: the grape cultivation method of the two crops a year was made by plant crop using the upper 1 year spring tip
Bearing basal shoot, pergola cultivation stay 3-6 bud to trim depending on result pellet branch stalwartness situation, and the general reservation 6-10 bud trimming of frame is stayed
The 1-2 bud of selecting and remain for making nutrition and innovation shoot is trimmed, and clear garden immediately is needed after cutting, then fruit branch tie up climing, S2, soil pipe
Reason: combining autumn basal dressing to plough deeply and improve the soil after annual fruit harvesting, orchard Growing season rainfall or after pouring water, in time tilling depth in intertillage pine
Then 5 centimetres -10 centimetres of degree can use wheat straw, wheat bran, corn stalk, hay etc. are covered on the root of fruit tree, need before covering
Clear up weeds in institute, so as to the quality of comprehensive guarantee wine-growing, greatly improve the mouthfeel of grape entirety with
Nutritive value increases the benefit of wine-growing, ensure that the market value of grape, adds somewhat to the receipts of grower
Enter, economic benefits.
(2), the grape cultivation method of the two crops a year, is restored by S1, tree body: being cleared up immediately residual on the medium fruit branch of orchard
Remaining fruit, applies base fertilizer, dose depending on base manure and fruit branch growing way, result quantities situation and increase and decrease, then top dressing divides 2-3 times,
And the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is needed to pay attention to, weeds in timely removing garden avoid the nutrient for influencing fruit branch, allow tree body by one month or so
Convalescence, S2, vernalization stays fruit: vernalization at once after trimming to fruit branch, with the lime nitrogen solution of nitrogen concentration 15-20%, point
Clip terminal bud trims fruit ear after terminal bud rudiment starts inflorescence occur, and every square metre is stayed fruit ear 5-6, and second makes the S1 of fruit
In, when applying base fertilizer, flower spike is elongated to 40 kilograms of spraying decoration flower buds of water with 1 gram of 20% gibberellin within 10 days or so before flowering,
Post flowering 2-3 days 0.1% chloropyuril and gibberellin, rise liquid dip-flower fringe, carry out seedlessness processing, reduce staff's work
When labor intensity, reduce the consuming of fertilizer, it is practical.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of grape cultivation method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is experimental data statistical form figure of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of three kinds of technical solutions: breeding vernalization side of wine-growing referring to FIG. 1-2,
Method specifically includes following embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Plant crop
S1, trimming: bearing basal shoot was made using the upper 1 year spring tip, pergola cultivation stays 3 buds depending on result pellet branch stalwartness situation
Trimming, 6 buds of the general reservation trimming of frame, 1 bud of selecting and remain for giving over to nutrition and innovation shoot are trimmed, and clear garden immediately are needed after cutting, so
Afterwards fruit branch tie up climing；
S2, soil management: combining autumn basal dressing to plough deeply and improve the soil after annual fruit harvesting, orchard Growing season rainfall or pours water
Afterwards, 5 centimetres of depth of intertillage pine intertillage in time, then can use wheat straw, and wheat bran, corn stalk, hay etc. are covered on the root of fruit tree,
It needs to clear up weeds in institute before covering；
The tip is determined in S3, bud picking: after breaking dormancy vernalization to bearing basal shoot, for the first time 1 adventitious bud, bearing basal shoot base portion weak bud
It erases, accessory bud and the extremely strong prosperous tip is erased for the second time, is carried out as early as possible after occupying stably fruit for the third time, 8 leaves then is stayed to bearing basal shoot
Pinching is carried out, nutrition branch generally stays 10 leaves to carry out pinching, more than a fruit branch inflorescence stays 6 leaves, and answer after fruit branch pinching every time
It erases as early as possible the sublateral shoot of fruit branch two sides of just sprouting；
S4, nutrient solution sprinkling: spraying nutrient solution to fruit tree root according to the practical growing state of soil and fruit branch, general to select
It selects through manual type time sprinkling in the afternoon, nutrient solution is usually by the composition of nutritive substances such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg and water, group
Divide ratio are as follows: N content 10%, P content 2%, K content 8%, Ca content 15%, Mg content 1%, water content 60%, in sprinkling nutrition
It needs to spray to fruit branch in 24 hours after liquid, but quantity of spraying should not be too large；
S5, field management: carrying out at fruit tree Post flowering 15 days, dredges the fruit that bad, development is smaller and growth is lopsided that goes to inseminate
Grain, while the fruit ear of overmatter should also be handled, the nutrient of such fruit branch can be concentrated, and fruit is promoted to expand, and dredge
After flower fruit thinning, using the gibberellin medical fluid of 450PPM, uniformly it is sprayed on fruit ear；
S6, bagging: bagging selection application is exclusively for grape fruit ear production and the paper bag dipped with fungicide, usually in Portugal
Fruit soya bean size or so carries out after grape physiological fallen fruit, after sack is folded to cob, ties up on fringe congee, makes fruit ear vacantly in bag
In, avoiding fruit to directly contact bag as far as possible influences development；
S7, timely collecting: depending on the kind of grape, aubergine and berry meat are generally become by green in pericarp color
Matter starts harvesting when softening, and when harvesting, which needs to pay attention to, avoids harvesting damage caused by particle；
Second makes fruit
S1, tree body are restored: clearing up the remaining fruit on the medium fruit branch of orchard immediately, apply base fertilizer, dose regards base manure
With fruit branch growing way, result quantities situation and increase and decrease, then top dressing points 2 times, and need to pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, it is miscellaneous in timely removing garden
Grass avoids the nutrient for influencing fruit branch, tree body is allowed to pass through one month or so convalescence；
Fruit is stayed in S2, vernalization: vernalization at once after trimming to fruit branch, with the lime nitrogen solution of nitrogen concentration 15%, puts clip
Terminal bud trims fruit ear, every square metre is stayed 5, fruit ear after terminal bud rudiment starts inflorescence occur；
Wherein the step of S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7 is identical as plant crop step.
Embodiment 2
Plant crop
S1, trimming: bearing basal shoot was made using the upper 1 year spring tip, pergola cultivation stays 6 buds depending on result pellet branch stalwartness situation
Trimming, 10 buds of the general reservation trimming of frame, 2 buds of selecting and remain for giving over to nutrition and innovation shoot are trimmed, and clear garden immediately are needed after cutting, so
Afterwards fruit branch tie up climing；
S2, soil management: combining autumn basal dressing to plough deeply and improve the soil after annual fruit harvesting, orchard Growing season rainfall or pours water
Afterwards, 10 centimetres of depth of intertillage pine intertillage in time, then can use wheat straw, wheat bran, corn stalk, hay etc. are covered on the root of fruit tree
Portion needs to clear up weeds in institute before covering；
The tip is determined in S3, bud picking: after breaking dormancy vernalization to bearing basal shoot, for the first time 2 adventitious bud, bearing basal shoot base portion weak buds
It erases, accessory bud and the extremely strong prosperous tip is erased for the second time, is carried out as early as possible after occupying stably fruit for the third time, 10 leaves then is stayed to bearing basal shoot
Pinching is carried out, nutrition branch generally stays 12 leaves to carry out pinching, more than a fruit branch inflorescence stays 8 leaves, and answer after fruit branch pinching every time
It erases as early as possible the sublateral shoot of fruit branch two sides of just sprouting；
S4, nutrient solution sprinkling: spraying nutrient solution to fruit tree root according to the practical growing state of soil and fruit branch, general to select
It selects through manual type time sprinkling in the afternoon, nutrient solution is usually by the composition of nutritive substances such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg and water, group
Divide ratio are as follows: N content 15%, P content 4%, K content 10%, Ca content 18%, Mg content 2%, water content 60% are sought in sprinkling
It needs to spray to fruit branch in 24 hours after nutrient solution, but quantity of spraying should not be too large；
S5, field management: carrying out at fruit tree Post flowering 18 days, dredges the fruit that bad, development is smaller and growth is lopsided that goes to inseminate
Grain, while the fruit ear of overmatter should also be handled, the nutrient of such fruit branch can be concentrated, and fruit is promoted to expand, and dredge
After flower fruit thinning, using the gibberellin medical fluid of 450PPM, uniformly it is sprayed on fruit ear；
S6, bagging: bagging selection application is exclusively for grape fruit ear production and the paper bag dipped with fungicide, usually in Portugal
Fruit soya bean size or so carries out after grape physiological fallen fruit, after sack is folded to cob, ties up on fringe congee, makes fruit ear vacantly in bag
In, avoiding fruit to directly contact bag as far as possible influences development；
S7, timely collecting: depending on the kind of grape, aubergine and berry meat are generally become by green in pericarp color
Matter starts harvesting when softening, and when harvesting, which needs to pay attention to, avoids harvesting damage caused by particle；
Second makes fruit
S1, tree body are restored: clearing up the remaining fruit on the medium fruit branch of orchard immediately, apply base fertilizer, dose regards base manure
With fruit branch growing way, result quantities situation and increase and decrease, then top dressing points 3 times, and need to pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, it is miscellaneous in timely removing garden
Grass avoids the nutrient for influencing fruit branch, tree body is allowed to pass through one month or so convalescence；
Fruit is stayed in S2, vernalization: vernalization at once after trimming to fruit branch, with the lime nitrogen solution of nitrogen concentration 20%, puts clip
Terminal bud trims fruit ear, every square metre is stayed 6, fruit ear after terminal bud rudiment starts inflorescence occur；
Wherein the step of S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7 is identical as plant crop step.
Embodiment 3
Plant crop
S1, trimming: bearing basal shoot was made using the upper 1 year spring tip, pergola cultivation stays 5 buds depending on result pellet branch stalwartness situation
Trimming, 8 buds of the general reservation trimming of frame, 2 buds of selecting and remain for giving over to nutrition and innovation shoot are trimmed, and clear garden immediately are needed after cutting, so
Afterwards fruit branch tie up climing；
S2, soil management: combining autumn basal dressing to plough deeply and improve the soil after annual fruit harvesting, orchard Growing season rainfall or pours water
Afterwards, 7 centimetres of depth of intertillage pine intertillage in time, then can use wheat straw, and wheat bran, corn stalk, hay etc. are covered on the root of fruit tree,
It needs to clear up weeds in institute before covering；
The tip is determined in S3, bud picking: after breaking dormancy vernalization to bearing basal shoot, for the first time 2 adventitious bud, bearing basal shoot base portion weak buds
It erases, accessory bud and the extremely strong prosperous tip is erased for the second time, is carried out as early as possible after occupying stably fruit for the third time, 9 leaves then is stayed to bearing basal shoot
Pinching is carried out, nutrition branch generally stays 11 leaves to carry out pinching, more than a fruit branch inflorescence stays 7 leaves, and answer after fruit branch pinching every time
It erases as early as possible the sublateral shoot of fruit branch two sides of just sprouting；
S4, nutrient solution sprinkling: spraying nutrient solution to fruit tree root according to the practical growing state of soil and fruit branch, general to select
It selects through manual type time sprinkling in the afternoon, nutrient solution is usually by the composition of nutritive substances such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg and water, group
Divide ratio are as follows: N content 13%, P content 3%, K content 9%, Ca content 16%, Mg content 2%, water content 58%, in sprinkling nutrition
It needs to spray to fruit branch in 24 hours after liquid, but quantity of spraying should not be too large；
S5, field management: carrying out at fruit tree Post flowering 16 days, dredges the fruit that bad, development is smaller and growth is lopsided that goes to inseminate
Grain, while the fruit ear of overmatter should also be handled, the nutrient of such fruit branch can be concentrated, and fruit is promoted to expand, and dredge
After flower fruit thinning, using the gibberellin medical fluid of 450PPM, uniformly it is sprayed on fruit ear；
S6, bagging: bagging selection application is exclusively for grape fruit ear production and the paper bag dipped with fungicide, usually in Portugal
Fruit soya bean size or so carries out after grape physiological fallen fruit, after sack is folded to cob, ties up on fringe congee, makes fruit ear vacantly in bag
In, avoiding fruit to directly contact bag as far as possible influences development；
S7, timely collecting: depending on the kind of grape, aubergine and berry meat are generally become by green in pericarp color
Matter starts harvesting when softening, and when harvesting, which needs to pay attention to, avoids harvesting damage caused by particle；
Second makes fruit
S1, tree body are restored: clearing up the remaining fruit on the medium fruit branch of orchard immediately, apply base fertilizer, dose regards base manure
With fruit branch growing way, result quantities situation and increase and decrease, then top dressing points 3 times, and need to pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, it is miscellaneous in timely removing garden
Grass avoids the nutrient for influencing fruit branch, tree body is allowed to pass through one month or so convalescence；
Fruit is stayed in S2, vernalization: vernalization at once after trimming to fruit branch, with the lime nitrogen solution of nitrogen concentration 18%, puts clip
Terminal bud trims fruit ear, every square metre is stayed 6, fruit ear after terminal bud rudiment starts inflorescence occur；
Wherein the step of S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7 is identical as plant crop step.
Effect example
Grape is cultivated using 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention by certain peasant household, when cultivation using embodiment 1, Portugal
The grape speed of growth is very fast, weight is larger, presentation quality is good and no disease and pests harm, when cultivation using embodiment 2, grape
The speed of growth is fast, weight is big, presentation quality is good and no disease and pests harm, when cultivation using embodiment 3, grape growth speed
Comparatively fast, weight is big, presentation quality is preferable and no disease and pests harm, thus in embodiment 3 grape cultivation effect it is best.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of grape cultivation method of two crops a year, it is characterised in that: specifically includes the following steps:
Plant crop
S1, trimming: bearing basal shoot was made using the upper 1 year spring tip, pergola cultivation stays 3-6 bud to repair depending on result pellet branch stalwartness situation
It cuts, the general reservation 6-10 bud trimming of frame, the 1-2 bud of selecting and remain for giving over to nutrition and innovation shoot is trimmed, clear garden immediately is needed after cutting,
Then fruit branch tie up climing；
S2, soil management: combining autumn basal dressing to plough deeply and improve the soil after annual fruit harvesting, orchard Growing season rainfall or after pouring water, and
Shi Zhonggeng pine intertills 5 centimetres -10 centimetres of depth, then can use wheat straw, wheat bran, corn stalk, hay etc. are covered on the root of fruit tree
Portion needs to clear up weeds in institute before covering；
The tip is determined in S3, bud picking: after breaking dormancy vernalization to bearing basal shoot, 1-2 adventitious bud, bearing basal shoot base portion weak buds being smeared for the first time
Fall, accessory bud and the extremely strong prosperous tip are erased for the second time, is carried out as early as possible after occupying stably fruit for the third time, 8-10 leaf then is stayed to bearing basal shoot
Pinching is carried out, nutrition branch generally stays 10-12 leaf to carry out pinching, more than a fruit branch inflorescence stays 6-8 piece leaf, and fruit branch pinching every time
Should erase the sublateral shoot of fruit branch two sides of just sprouting as early as possible afterwards；
S4, nutrient solution sprinkling: nutrient solution is sprayed to fruit tree root according to the practical growing state of soil and fruit branch, is typically chosen logical
Crossing manual type, the time sprays in the afternoon, and nutrient solution is usually by the composition of nutritive substances such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg and water, component ratio
Are as follows: N content 10-15%, P content 2-4%, K content 8-10%, Ca content 15-18%, Mg content 1-2%, water content 55-
60%, it needs to spray to fruit branch in 24 hours after spraying nutrient solution, but quantity of spraying should not be too large；
S5, field management: carrying out at fruit tree Post flowering 15-18 days, dredges the fruit that bad, development is smaller and growth is lopsided that goes to inseminate
Grain, while the fruit ear of overmatter should also be handled, the nutrient of such fruit branch can be concentrated, and fruit is promoted to expand, and dredge
After flower fruit thinning, using the gibberellin medical fluid of 450PPM, uniformly it is sprayed on fruit ear；
S6, bagging: bagging selection application is usually raw in grape exclusively for grape fruit ear production and the paper bag dipped with fungicide
Fruit soya bean size or so carries out after reason shedding, after sack is folded to cob, ties up on fringe congee, makes fruit ear vacantly in bag, to the greatest extent
Amount, which avoids fruit from directly contacting bag, influences development；
S7, timely collecting: depending on the kind of grape, aubergine is generally become by green in pericarp color and berry meat is opened
Begin to harvest when softening, when harvesting, which needs to pay attention to, avoids harvesting damage caused by particle；
Second makes fruit
S1, tree body are restored: clearing up the remaining fruit on the medium fruit branch of orchard immediately, apply base fertilizer, dose regards base manure and fruit
Branch growing way, result quantities situation and increase and decrease, then top dressing divides 2-3 time, and it should be noted that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, miscellaneous in timely removing garden
Grass avoids the nutrient for influencing fruit branch, tree body is allowed to pass through one month or so convalescence；
Fruit is stayed in S2, vernalization: vernalization at once after trimming to fruit branch, with the lime nitrogen solution of nitrogen concentration 15-20%, puts clip top
Bud trims fruit ear after terminal bud rudiment starts inflorescence occur, and every square metre is stayed fruit ear 5-6；
Wherein the step of S3, S4, S5, S6 and S7 is identical as plant crop step.
2. a kind of grape cultivation method of two crops a year according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the plant crop
In S2, generally in 2 months early and middle ten days and 12 DEG C of mean temperature or more carry out vernalization.
3. a kind of grape cultivation method of two crops a year according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the S5, flower thinning
After fruit thinning fruit branch nutrient can concentrate, promote fruit ear growth and development, color is good, can list in advance, increases whole
Income.
4. a kind of grape cultivation method of two crops a year according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the S7, adopting
The problems such as time receiving should pay attention to whole quality, check that whether there is or not breakages on grape surface, and check whether there is pest and disease damage.
5. a kind of grape cultivation method of two crops a year according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described second makes fruit
In S1, when applying base fertilizer, flower is elongated to 40 kilograms of spraying decoration flower buds of water with 1 gram of 20% gibberellin within 10 days or so before flowering
Fringe, Post flowering 2-3 days 0.1% chloropyuril and gibberellin, rises liquid dip-flower fringe, carries out seedlessness processing.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111887092A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-06 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Breeding method for two-year-of-one-year-of-breeding of grapes |
| CN113383670A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-14 | 乌海市云飞农业种养科技有限公司 | Greenhouse grape double-cropping and double-harvesting planting method |
-
2019
- 2019-08-02 CN CN201910713359.6A patent/CN110352781A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111887092A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-06 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Breeding method for two-year-of-one-year-of-breeding of grapes |
| CN113383670A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-14 | 乌海市云飞农业种养科技有限公司 | Greenhouse grape double-cropping and double-harvesting planting method |
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Application publication date: 20191022 |