A kind of method of energy-absorbing damping at anchor pole anchor head
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering fields, and in particular to a kind of method of energy-absorbing damping at anchor pole anchor head.
Background technique
With the propulsion and development of China's infrastructure, in bases such as a large amount of highways, railway, municipal administration, the water conservancies built or created
Infrastructure is inevitably present a large amount of side slope and needs supporting, and various slope supportings also emerge one after another with safeguard procedures.Its
In, concrete lattice beam combines anchor pole usually with slope supported body, forms lattice girder+combining anchor supporting construction, lattice girder+anchor
Bar combined supporting is a kind of typical flexible structure form that geotechnical engineering field is widely used.
Previous earthquake investigation and dynamic test all show: for traditional lattice girder+combining anchor supporting construction, ground
The phenomenon that end point that shake acts on lower bolt is increased sharply it is easy to appear stress, that is, generate the additional stress that increased dramatically, cause to hold
Anchor stress at head is excessive and generates surrender and is even pulled off, and in turn results in the engineerings things such as retaining structure fails, road interrupts
Therefore.
Patent document CN201410483046 discloses a kind of extruding, friction type energy absorbing bolt, including anchor bar body and sleeve,
Energy-absorbing lining pipe is set in sleeve, the end of the sleeve is fixedly connected with end card, head end with prevent being fixedly connected into nut;Institute
The anchor bar body head end stated is placed in the sleeve outside energy-absorbing lining pipe, and end sequentially passes through energy-absorbing lining pipe, end is placed in end
Except card, the extruding, friction type energy absorbing bolt further include pre-load nut and anchor rod pallet board, are solved existing telescopic extending
Anchor pole low bearing capacity, constant-resistance and the unbalanced problem of large deformation function.But encounter earthquake etc. and be easy to produce increased dramatically it is additional
When stress, still not can solve the anchor pole stress at anchor head it is excessive and lead to the problem of surrender in addition be pulled off.
Therefore, this field needs a kind of method of energy-absorbing damping at anchor pole anchor head.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of energy-absorbing damping at anchor pole anchor head, with solve to propose in background technique
Be easy to generate the additional stress that increased dramatically at the anchor head of geological process lower bolt, cause the anchor stress at anchor head excessive and
The problem of generating surrender to be even pulled off, in turn resulting in the engineering accidents such as retaining structure failure, road interruption.
The technical scheme is that at a kind of anchor pole anchor head energy-absorbing damping method,
A kind of anchor pole anchor head assembly is first designed, the anchor pole anchor head assembly includes anchor pole, hold-doun nut, friction-type damping
Device, sleeve, spring, spring bed course, expansion bolt and sleeve lock ring structure;The anchor pole is equipped with outer close to the position of top end
Screw thread, the hold-doun nut are equipped with the internal screw thread that matches with the external screw thread on anchor pole, the lower section of the hold-doun nut and
The radial outside of anchor pole is provided with spring, and spring bed course is provided with below the spring, and the both ends of spring are respectively fixedly connected with
On hold-doun nut and spring bed course;Friction damper setting in hold-doun nut radial outside, friction damper by
The multilayer friction plate of radially inner and outer setting is stacked, the medial surface of the most inner side friction plate of the friction damper and fixation
The lateral surface of nut fits, and the lateral surface of outermost friction plate and the inner wall of sleeve of friction damper fit;Institute
It states sleeve to be made of two semicircular cylinders, the sleeve tightens two semicircular cylinders by sleeve lock ring structure, and then adjusts friction
Frictional force size between type damper internal friction piece, sleeve bottom is radially outward securing elongated to be provided with pallet with holes, number
A expansion bolt is used to fixed spring bed course, and several expansion bolts are used to fix the pallet with holes, and then are used to fixes sleeve;
It the described method comprises the following steps:
Step 1 places anchor pole: determining that concrete lattice beam intensity is up to standard, surfacing is beaten on concrete lattice beam
Hole places anchor pole and carries out concreting with the fixation anchor pole;
Step 2, installation spring bed course: the preformed hole at spring bed course center is penetrated to the end of anchor pole, and downward along anchor pole
Until spring bed course is contacted with concrete lattice beam, expansion bolt is then reused across expansion bolt and passes through hole for spring bed course
It is fixed on concrete lattice beam;
Step 3, installation spring: spring is placed on downwards on spring bed course along anchor pole, and by welding will
Spring and spring bed course are linked to be an entirety;
Step 4, installation hold-doun nut, fixing anchor bar: hold-doun nut is gradually tightened downwards along the termination point of anchor rod, when solid
Determine nut to be screwed onto when compressing the spring into proper height, the two is welded;
Step 5, installation friction damper and sleeve: the friction damper of semi-circular cylindrical is tightly first fitted in fixation
The surface of nut;Then sleeve is wrapped in friction damper outer surface, sleeve lock ring structure is tightened by bolt, realizes set
The assembling of cylinder, and control by the clamping force of control sleeve lock ring structure the frictional resistance of friction damper;Finally use
Sleeve is fixed on concrete lattice beam by the hole that expansion bolt passes through on the pallet with holes being fixedly connected with sleeve.
Further, before the step 1 further include: the sundries on cleaning concrete lattice beam.
Further, the material of the friction damper is asbestos friction material or powder metallurgy friction material.
Further, between the medial surface of the most inner side friction plate and the lateral surface of hold-doun nut, outermost friction plate
Lateral surface and sleeve inner wall between have the lines being mutually matched so that the medial surface of most inner side friction plate and solid
The inner wall for determining the lateral surface of nut, the lateral surface of outermost friction plate and sleeve will not generate relative displacement after fixation.
Further, cover board is additionally provided at the top of the sleeve.
Further, the friction damper is the friction plate composition of 5~8 layers of semi-circular cylindrical, the thickness of every layer of friction plate
Degree is 1~5mm.
Further, the sleeve lock ring structure setting is on sleeve, and two including being separately positioned on two semicircular cylinders
Lock ring ring on side, two semicircular cylinders of sleeve are opposite when use surrounds cylinder, and two bolts are each passed through and are located at two
Lock ring ring on a semicircular cylinder, by sleeve banding.
Further, the sleeve lock ring structure includes two pieces of half anchor ears, and two pieces of half anchor ears are in semi-annular shape, right
Pass through bolt after conjunction for sleeve banding.
Further, the sleeve and pallet integrated setting with holes.
Further, the both ends of the spring are respectively welded on hold-doun nut and spring bed course.
The beneficial effect comprise that
Present invention improves over the fixed forms of anchor pole anchor head, i.e., a sleeve is arranged on beams of concrete, friction-type is hindered
Buddhist nun's device is clipped between hold-doun nut and sleeve, and high strong spring is arranged between hold-doun nut and beams of concrete.When geological process, mix
Solidifying soil Vierendeel girder+combining anchor retaining structure can generate vibration, and termination point of anchor rod can occur to be displaced back and forth along rock bolt shank direction,
To drive the axially opposing displacement between hold-doun nut and sleeve, the friction-type being fixed between hold-doun nut and sleeve is damped
Device can generate dislocation deformation, and the frictional force between friction plate in friction damper does negative work always, to largely consume earthquake
Energy.Meanwhile the high strong spring between hold-doun nut and concrete lattice beam can be by earthquake in stretching and compression process
It can be converted into elastic potential energy, so that hold-doun nut further generates relative displacement back and forth with sleeve lining, to constantly promote
Friction damper internal friction does negative work, and seismic energy is lost.In this way, can be consumed to the maximum extent at termination point of anchor rod and
Seismic energy is absorbed, mitigates impact of the seismic energy to termination point of anchor rod, avoids termination point of anchor rod stress from increasing sharply, improve the workability of anchor pole
Energy.
Other than objects, features and advantages described above, there are also other objects, features and advantages by the present invention.
Below with reference to figure, the present invention is described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing constituted part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
It applies example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is anchor pole anchor head assembly sectional view provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is anchor pole anchor head assembly structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is anchor head assembly internal structure chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is friction damper schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is spring bed course schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 1, sleeve;2, friction damper;3, hold-doun nut;4, high strong spring;5, spring bed course;6, anchor pole;7,
Expansion bolt;8, sleeve lock ring ring;9, cover board;10, concrete lattice beam;11, expansion bolt passes through hole;12, spring bed course is pre-
It boxes out;13, pallet with holes.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention can be limited according to claim
Fixed and covering multitude of different ways is implemented.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of energy-absorbing damping at anchor pole anchor head,
A kind of anchor pole anchor head assembly is first designed, the anchor pole anchor head assembly includes anchor pole 6, hold-doun nut 3, friction-type damping
Device 2, sleeve 1, spring 4, spring bed course 5, expansion bolt 7 and sleeve lock ring structure 8;Position of the anchor pole 6 close to top end
External screw thread is installed, the hold-doun nut 3 is equipped with the internal screw thread to match with the external screw thread on anchor pole 6, the hold-doun nut 3
Lower section and the radial outside of anchor pole is provided with spring 4, the lower section of the spring 4 is provided with spring bed course 5, the two of spring 4
End is respectively fixedly connected on hold-doun nut 3 and spring bed course 5;The setting of friction damper 2 is outside in 3 diameter of hold-doun nut
Side, friction damper 2 are stacked by the multilayer friction plate of radially inner and outer setting, the most inner side of the friction damper 2
The medial surface of friction plate and the lateral surface of hold-doun nut 3 fit, the lateral surface of the outermost friction plate of friction damper 2 with
The inner wall of sleeve 1 fits;The sleeve 1 is made of two semicircular cylinders, and the sleeve 1 is received by sleeve lock ring structure 8
Tight two semicircular cylinders, and then adjust the frictional force size between 2 internal friction piece of friction damper, 1 bottom of sleeve it is radial to
Securing elongated outside to be provided with pallet 13 with holes, several expansion bolts 7 are used to fixed spring bed course 5, and several expansion bolts 7 are used to solid
The fixed pallet 13 with holes, and then it is used to fixes sleeve 1.13 integrated setting of the sleeve 1 and pallet with holes.
It the described method comprises the following steps:
Step 1 places anchor pole 6: determining that 10 intensity of concrete lattice beam is up to standard, surfacing, in concrete lattice beam 10
Upper punching places anchor pole 6 and carries out concreting with the fixation anchor pole.
Step 2, installation spring bed course 5: the preformed hole 12 at 5 center of spring bed course is penetrated to the end of anchor pole 6, and along anchor pole
6 downwards until spring bed course 5 contacted with concrete lattice beam 10, then reuse expansion bolt 7 pass through expansion bolt pass through hole
11 are fixed on spring bed course 5 on concrete lattice beam 10.
Step 3, installation spring 4: spring 4 is placed on downwards on spring bed course 5 along anchor pole 6, and passes through the side of welding
Spring 4 and spring bed course 5 are linked to be an entirety by formula.
The termination point of anchor rod 6 passes through high strong spring 4, to prevent high strong spring 4 with concrete lattice beam 10 because of " point contact "
And stress concentration phenomenon is generated, in the two contact site, spring bed course 5 is set.Spring bed course 5 is fixed on mixed using expansion bolt 7
On solidifying soil lattice girder 10, high strong spring 4 is connected as an entirety with spring bed course 5 by welding.Spring bed course 5 is ring
Shape metal plate, intermediate hole are preformed hole 12, are passed through for anchor pole 6, pass through hole 11 there are also several expansion bolts on metal plate, are used
In 7 fixed spring bed course 5 of expansion bolt.
Step 4, installation hold-doun nut 3, fixing anchor bar 6: hold-doun nut 3 is gradually tightened downwards along 6 end of anchor pole,
When hold-doun nut 3 is screwed onto, and spring 4 is compressed to proper height, the two is welded;By welding hold-doun nut 3 and institute
It states high strong spring 4 to be connected, forms face contact.
When an earthquake occurs, return along the extending direction of 6 shaft of anchor pole is carried out in 6 end of anchor pole that will link of hold-doun nut 3
It moves, and high strong spring 4 will also be stretched with it or compression, converts elastic potential energy for seismic energy, and promotes hold-doun nut 3 that will join
Dynamic 6 end back and forth movement of anchor pole.
Step 5, installation friction damper 2 and sleeve 1: first the friction damper of semi-circular cylindrical 2 is tightly fitted in
The surface of hold-doun nut 3;Then sleeve 1 is wrapped in 2 outer surface of friction damper, sleeve lock ring structure is tightened by bolt
8, realize the assembling of sleeve 1, and the friction resistance of friction damper 2 is controlled by the clamping force of control sleeve lock ring structure 8
Power;Sleeve 1 is fixed on concrete lattice by the hole finally passed through using expansion bolt 7 on the pallet with holes being fixedly connected with sleeve 1
On structure beam 10.
The material of the friction damper 2 be asbestos friction material, powder metallurgy friction material or other have friction
The material of effect of energy dissipation.Asbestos friction material is to add appropriate filler using asbestos fibre, using resin as adhesive, using hot pressing
Friction material made of technique.Powder metallurgy friction material is one kind using metal or alloy as matrix, is added to friction component, profit
Sliding constituent element, the composite material produced through techniques such as mixing, forming, sintering are that a kind of metal or alloy matrix inlays a variety of independences
The mixture of existing substance, if ceramic friction material is exactly a kind of powder metallurgy friction material.
Before the step 1 further include: the sundries on cleaning concrete lattice beam 10.
The lateral surface of the medial surface and hold-doun nut 3 of the most inner side friction plate of the friction damper 2 fits, and phase
There is the lines being mutually matched on two faces being mutually bonded, to make the most inner side of hold-doun nut 3 and the friction damper 2 being close to
Relative displacement will not be generated between friction plate.
There are extrusion stresses and frictional force for a series of friction plates in friction damper 2, and can mutual dislocation.Friction-type
There is no connection relationship between each friction plate inside damper 2, is only mutually set between hold-doun nut 3 and sleeve 1.Ground
Under shake effect, if 6 end of anchor pole is subjected to displacement, friction damper 2 can be driven to misplace by hold-doun nut 3, promoted
The mutual friction work of friction plate in friction damper 2 carrys out earthquake energy.
The number of plies of friction plate is two layers or more in the friction damper 2, and preferably friction damper 2 is 5~8 layer half
Cylindric friction plate composition, every layer of friction plate with a thickness of 1~5mm.
The inner wall of the lateral surface and sleeve 1 of the outermost friction plate of the friction damper 2 fits, and mutually patch
Close two faces on have the lines being mutually matched, thus make sleeve 1 and be close to friction damper 2 outermost friction plate it
Between will not generate relative displacement.
Cover board 9 is additionally provided at the top of the sleeve 1, cover board 9 is used to protect 6 end of anchor pole.
In a kind of specific embodiment, the sleeve lock ring structure 8 is arranged on sleeve 1, including is separately positioned on two
Lock ring ring on two sides of a semicircular cylinder, two semicircular cylinders of sleeve 1 are opposite when use surrounds cylinder, two bolts difference
Across the lock ring ring being located on two semicircular cylinders, by 1 banding of sleeve.
In a kind of specific embodiment, the sleeve lock ring structure 8 includes two pieces of half anchor ears, and two pieces of half anchor ears are equal
In semi-annular shape, pass through bolt after pairing for 1 banding of sleeve.
The above content is combine specific preferred embodiment to the further description of the invention made, and it cannot be said that originally
The specific implementation of invention is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, not
Under the premise of being detached from present inventive concept, several simple deductions and replacement can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.