CN110343937B - Smelting method of steel for polar region for controlling inclusions - Google Patents
Smelting method of steel for polar region for controlling inclusions Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/04—Removing impurities other than carbon, phosphorus or sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
- C21C5/5217—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace equipped with burners or devices for injecting gas, i.e. oxygen, or pulverulent materials into the furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
- C21C7/0645—Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method for smelting a steel for polar regions, in which MnS is formed and grown on finely distributed Zr-Ti composite oxide core particles formed earlier in the solidification stage by Zr-Ti deoxidized high-strength low-alloy steel. Therefore, formed MnS covers on the fine spherical oxide and is dispersed and uniformly distributed in the steel, and the structure improves the toughness of the steel. Meanwhile, a manganese-poor area appears around MnS, so that the formation of acicular ferrite is promoted, and the toughness of the steel is further improved through fine-grain strengthening. In addition, a large amount of fine and evenly dispersed oxides are beneficial to the uniformity of the steel structure and the improvement of the strength. Compared with the traditional Al deoxidation method, the ductility and the toughness of the steel plate are correspondingly improved, and the corrosion current density is lower than 6mA/cm2The corrosion active inclusion is reduced by half, and the local corrosion speed of the steel plate is reduced, so that the service life of the steel plate is ensured, and the requirement of 36 kg-grade steel for polar regions is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steelmaking, and particularly relates to a method for smelting steel for polar regions, which controls inclusions.
Background
The service conditions of polar region icebreakers are severe, and steel plates are required to have the characteristics of high strength and toughness, high corrosion resistance, high wear resistance, easy welding and the like. Particularly, the seawater corrosion resistance is very high, which requires very strict control measures and capabilities for inclusions, precipitates, structures, microscopic defects, and the like. Inclusions in the steel are dispersed and distributed in the steel and on the surface of the steel, and become main pitting corrosion sources in severe service environments after the coating on the outer part of the ice breaker is broken and replaced. The key of the seawater corrosion resistance of the steel base metal and the welded joint lies in the control technology of corrosive active inclusion in steel. The local corrosion speed of the steel plate depends on the content of corrosion active non-metallic impurities in the steel, and the content of corrosion active inclusions in the steel is less than 2/mm2The local corrosion speed of the steel plate can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the steel plate is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the method for smelting the steel for polar regions, which can effectively control the corrosion active inclusions in the steel and reduce the local corrosion speed of the steel plate, thereby ensuring the service life of the steel plate and meeting the requirement of 36 kg-grade steel for polar regions.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a smelting method of steel for polar regions for controlling inclusions, which comprises the following steps of KR molten iron pretreatment → BOF top and bottom combined blown converter → LF refining furnace → RH refining furnace;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting nonferrous metals in molten iron with the mass percent content of Sn less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Pb less than or equal to 0.005 percent, As less than or equal to 0.020 percent, Sb less than or equal to 0.010 percent and Zn less than or equal to 0.010 percent for trial production; the pretreatment of the molten iron ensures that the S content of the molten iron entering the furnace is less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, and more than 90 percent of slag is removed;
(2) trial production is carried out under the conditions of bottom blowing and good furnace conditions of the converter, the converter adopts active lime to carry out slag-making operation for many times, and the end point P, S is controlled to be below 0.008 percent; the free oxygen of tapping is controlled to be 600ppm of 400-plus, and the mass percentage content of end point carbon is controlled to be 0.04-0.06%;
(3) carrying out preliminary deoxidation and alloying on ferrosilicon and micro-carbon ferromanganese or ferrosilicon and manganese for converter tapping;
(4) after the steel reaches an LF refining furnace, measuring and recording the O content of the steel, and controlling and keeping the oxygen content in the steel to be 20-60 ppm; then adding low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and Fe-Zr alloy for deoxidation and alloying;
(5) deoxidizing and alloying the low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and the Fe-Zr alloy, and refining for more than 3 min; measuring and recording the content of [ O ] in the steel, if more than 10ppm of free oxygen exists in the steel, adding 10-20kg of Si-Ca-Ba alloy for supplementary deoxidation;
(6) then carrying out S-removing process operation, and forbidding adding aluminum wires in the S-removing process; after the S removal process is finished, adding an Al wire according to the target components;
(7) removing impurities and degassing in RH refining furnace, blowing oxygen into vacuum chamber with oxygen blowing amount of 50m3The holding time is more than or equal to 20min under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 5.0 mbar; after completion of the RH degassing treatment, calcium treatment was performed according to the target composition before leaving the station for 3 min.
Wherein, in the converter smelting process, pure molten iron operation is selected or scrap steel with non-ferrous metal components meeting the requirements is selected as charging materials.
In the step (3), when preliminary deoxidation and alloying are performed, Si is mixed with ferrosilicon in an amount of 0.10 to 0.18%, and Mn is mixed with micro-carbon ferromanganese or metal manganese in an amount of 0.93 to 0.98%.
In the step (4), the method for controlling and maintaining the oxygen content in the molten steel to be 20-60ppm is as follows: when the oxygen content in the molten steel is more than 60ppm, adding ferrosilicon for deoxidation according to estimation until the oxygen content in the molten steel is 20-60 ppm.
In the step (4), 10-70kg of low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and Fe-Zr alloy are added in total for deoxidation and alloying.
In the step (4), the low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and the Fe-Zr alloy are added together, the addition amount of the low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and the Fe-Zr alloy is converted according to the target component and the alloy content, wherein the conversion coefficient of the Zr content is 60%.
In the step (6), during the desulfurization process, a proper amount of Al powder is uniformly scattered on the slag surface for diffusion deoxidation; when Al powder is added, argon is controlled in a static stirring mode.
Has the advantages that: in the smelting method, the Zr-Ti deoxidized high-strength low-alloy steel can form and grow MnS on the finely distributed Zr-Ti composite oxide nuclear particles formed in advance in the solidification stage. Therefore, MnS is formed to cover on the fine spherical oxide and is dispersed and uniformly distributed in the steel, and the structure improves the toughness of the steel. Meanwhile, MnS is formed on the Zr-Ti oxide, and a manganese-poor area appears around the MnS, so that the formation of acicular ferrite is promoted, and the toughness of the steel is further improved through fine grain strengthening. In addition, a large amount of fine and evenly dispersed oxides are beneficial to the uniformity of the steel structure and the improvement of the strength. Compared with the traditional Al deoxidation method, the ductility and the toughness of the Zr-Ti deoxidation steel plate are correspondingly improved, and the corrosion current density is lower than 6mA/cm2The corrosion active inclusion is reduced by half, and the local corrosion speed of the steel plate can be reduced, so that the service life of the steel plate is ensured, and the requirement of 36 kg-grade steel for polar regions is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topographical view of inclusions;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the size distribution of inclusions;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the energy spectrum analysis of the inclusion composition of examples.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below, taking as an example a special ship board produced by the method according to the invention.
The technological process for producing the special ship plate comprises KR molten iron pretreatment → BOF top and bottom combined blown converter → LF refining furnace → RH refining furnace → continuous casting machine.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of selecting nonferrous metals Sn, Pb, As, Bi, Sb and Zn in molten iron to carry out trial production when the mass percentage content of the nonferrous metals Sn, Pb, As, Bi, Sb and Zn is lower than the mass percentage content of the molten iron, wherein the mass percentage content of Sn is less than or equal to 0.010 percent, the mass percentage content of Pb is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, the mass percentage content of As is less than or equal to 0; the pretreatment of the molten iron ensures that the S content of the molten iron entering the furnace is less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, and more than 90 percent of slag is removed.
(2) In order to reduce various impurity elements in the raw materials, pure molten iron operation is selected, or high-quality scrap steel meeting the requirements of non-ferrous metal components is selected as charging materials. Trial production is carried out under the conditions of bottom blowing and good furnace conditions of the converter, the converter adopts active lime to carry out slag-making operation for many times, and the end point P, S is controlled to be below 0.008 percent; the free oxygen during tapping is controlled at 400-600ppm, and the mass percentage content of the end point carbon is controlled at 0.04-0.06%.
(3) Carrying out preliminary deoxidation and alloying on ferrosilicon and micro-carbon ferromanganese or ferrosilicon and manganese for converter tapping; si is mixed with ferrosilicon according to 0.10-0.18%, Mn is mixed with micro-carbon ferromanganese or metal manganese according to 0.93-0.98%. And Al-containing materials are not adopted for deoxidation and alloying.
(4) After the steel is sent to an LF refining furnace, the O content of the steel is measured and recorded by a quick oxygen determination probe, the oxygen content in the steel is controlled and kept to be 20-60ppm, and when the oxygen content in the steel is more than 60ppm, ferrosilicon is added for deoxidation according to estimation until the oxygen content in the steel is 20-60 ppm. Then adding 10-70kg of low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and Fe-Zr alloy for deoxidation and alloying; the low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and the Fe-Zr alloy are added together, the addition amount of the low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and the Fe-Zr alloy is converted according to target components and alloy content, and the conversion coefficient of the Zr content is 60%.
(5) Deoxidizing and alloying the low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and the Fe-Zr alloy, and refining for more than 3 min; measuring and recording the content of [ O ] in the steel by using a rapid oxygen determination probe, and if more than 10ppm of free oxygen exists in the steel, adding 10-20kg of Si-Ca-Ba alloy for supplementary deoxidation.
(6) Then carrying out S-removing process operation, in the S-removing process, forbidding adding aluminum wires, uniformly scattering a proper amount of Al powder on the slag surface, and carrying out diffusion deoxidation; when Al powder is added, argon is controlled in a static stirring mode. And after the S removal process is finished, adding an Al wire according to the target components.
(7) Removing impurities and degassing in RH refining furnace, blowing oxygen into vacuum chamber with oxygen blowing amount of 50m3The holding time is more than or equal to 20min under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 5.0 mbar; degassing treatment in RHAfter completion, calcium treatment was performed according to the target composition 3min before going out.
The impact performance of the steel plate is obviously improved after the process is improved, the impact performance of the steel plate is obviously improved, the impact of the steel plate at minus 120 ℃ is more than or equal to 200J, the average tensile strength of the steel plate is 605MPa, the allowance is larger, the tensile strength of the steel plate is required to be 490-620MPa, and the tensile strength is close to the upper limit.
With reference to FIGS. 1-3, the amount of corrosion-active inclusions in the steel is 1.87 inclusions/mm2Average current density of 5.78mA/cm2The local corrosion speed of the steel plate is effectively reduced, so that the service life of the steel plate is ensured.
Claims (2)
1. A smelting method of steel for polar regions for controlling inclusions is characterized in that the process route of molten steel smelting comprises KR molten iron pretreatment → BOF top and bottom combined blown converter → LF refining furnace → RH refining furnace;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting nonferrous metals in molten iron with the mass percent content of Sn less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Pb less than or equal to 0.005 percent, As less than or equal to 0.020 percent, Sb less than or equal to 0.010 percent and Zn less than or equal to 0.010 percent for trial production; the pretreatment of the molten iron ensures that the S content of the molten iron entering the furnace is less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, and more than 90 percent of slag is removed;
(2) trial production is carried out under the conditions of bottom blowing and good furnace conditions of the converter, the converter adopts active lime to carry out slag-making operation for many times, and the end point P, S is controlled to be below 0.008 percent; the free oxygen of tapping is controlled to be 600ppm of 400-plus, and the mass percentage content of end point carbon is controlled to be 0.04-0.06%;
(3) carrying out preliminary deoxidation and alloying on ferrosilicon and micro-carbon ferromanganese or ferrosilicon and manganese for converter tapping; wherein, when preliminary deoxidation and alloying are carried out, Si is mixed with ferrosilicon according to 0.10-0.18%, and Mn is mixed with micro-carbon ferromanganese or metal manganese according to 0.93-0.98%;
(4) after the steel reaches an LF refining furnace, measuring and recording the O content of the steel, and controlling and keeping the oxygen content in the steel to be 20-60 ppm; then adding 10-70kg of low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and Fe-Zr alloy in total for deoxidation and alloying; wherein, the method for controlling and maintaining the oxygen content in the molten steel to be 20-60ppm comprises the following steps: when the oxygen content in the molten steel is more than 60ppm, adding ferrosilicon for deoxidation according to estimation until the oxygen content in the molten steel is 20-60 ppm; adding the low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and the Fe-Zr alloy together, and converting the adding amount of the low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and the Fe-Zr alloy according to target components and alloy content, wherein the conversion coefficient of the Zr content is 60%;
(5) deoxidizing and alloying the low-aluminum Fe-Ti alloy and the Fe-Zr alloy, and refining for more than 3 min; measuring and recording the content of [ O ] in the steel, if more than 10ppm of free oxygen exists in the steel, adding 10-20kg of Si-Ca-Ba alloy for supplementary deoxidation;
(6) then carrying out S-removing process operation, prohibiting adding aluminum wires in the S-removing process, and uniformly scattering a proper amount of Al powder on the slag surface in the desulfurization process to carry out diffusion deoxidation; when Al powder is added, argon is controlled in a static stirring mode; after the S removal process is finished, adding an Al wire according to the target components;
(7) removing impurities and degassing in RH refining furnace, blowing oxygen into vacuum chamber with oxygen blowing amount of 50m3The holding time is more than or equal to 20min under the condition that the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 5.0 mbar; after completion of the RH degassing treatment, calcium treatment was performed according to the target composition before leaving the station for 3 min.
2. The method of producing inclusion-controlling polar steel according to claim 1, wherein a pure molten iron operation or scrap steel having a non-ferrous metal content satisfying requirements is selected as the charging material in the converter smelting process.
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| CN201910633355.7A CN110343937B (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2019-07-12 | Smelting method of steel for polar region for controlling inclusions |
| KR1020217043397A KR102609009B1 (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2020-06-19 | Polar steel smelting method to control inclusions |
| PCT/CN2020/096959 WO2021008299A1 (en) | 2019-07-12 | 2020-06-19 | Polar steel smelting process controlling inclusions |
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| CN110343937B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2021-04-20 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Smelting method of steel for polar region for controlling inclusions |
| CN111455257A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-28 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Control method of steel inclusion for railway bogie |
| CN111519094A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Steel for railway bogie and preparation method thereof |
| CN114438407B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-12-09 | 安徽工业大学 | High-fatigue-strength girder steel thick plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN114622130A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-06-14 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Rare earth alloy suitable for bainite steel inclusion control and adding process thereof |
| CN115029509A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-09-09 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Heavy rail ultra-low sulfur control method |
| CN114959428B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-08-11 | 武汉科技大学 | Steelmaking method of free-cutting non-quenched and tempered steel and non-quenched and tempered steel |
| CN115011863A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-09-06 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Control method for A-type inclusions of rail steel |
| CN115354108A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-18 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Method for improving strip-type MnS inclusion in steel and steel plate produced by same |
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| 不同脱氧方式对低合金高强钢局部腐蚀性能的影响;聂中萍等;《钢铁研究学报》;20180331;第30卷(第3期);第222-228页 * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR20220035339A (en) | 2022-03-22 |
| WO2021008299A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
| CN110343937A (en) | 2019-10-18 |
| KR102609009B1 (en) | 2023-12-04 |
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