CN110338846A - Long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system and method based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave - Google Patents
Long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system and method based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN110338846A CN110338846A CN201910654322.0A CN201910654322A CN110338846A CN 110338846 A CN110338846 A CN 110338846A CN 201910654322 A CN201910654322 A CN 201910654322A CN 110338846 A CN110338846 A CN 110338846A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
- A61B8/0875—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings for diagnosis of bone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system and method based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave, its system includes the supersonic signal generator for generating required fundamental frequency sine windowing signal, for amplifying the power amplifier of fundamental frequency sine windowing signal, for filter out power amplifier amplification after fundamental frequency signal in due to power amplifier itself is non-linear and generate higher hamonic wave low-pass filter, fundamental frequency signal for exporting low-pass filter is coupled to the stimulus sensor in long bone cortex bone, and the broadband reception sensor for receiving the second harmonic generated after fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave and fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave and microcrack interaction in long bone cortex bone；It further include amplifier, oscillograph and the computer for storing and analyzing.The present invention is directed to long bone cortex bone, realizes the detection to micro-crack in long bone cortex bone with second harmonic caused by microcrack interaction when propagating in long bone cortex bone using supersonic guide-wave.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to long bone cortex bone microcrack zone medical instruments fields, and in particular to one kind is based on non-linear super
The long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system and method for guided Waves.
Background technique
Currently, the inspection method of bone is mainly the method for using X-ray.It, can since this method has certain radiativity
It can affect to human body, especially some special population such as pregnant woman.As people realize health and radiation protection
Gradually enhancing, more and more people tend to not use or check using X-ray less as far as possible.Therefore, one kind is developed
Safe and efficient skeletal survey equipment, it is very important.
Based on the skeletal survey method of ultrasound, gradually it is applied to the inspection of bone, can be to human fracture the case where
It is checked.However, current supersonic inspection device, is all based on linear ultrasonic inspection, the gross imperfection of bone can only be checked
And macroscopic cracking, and to crackle small in bone, then it is insensitive.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to above-mentioned defect existing in the prior art, in view of current conventional linear ultrasound in bone
The disadvantage insensitive to fine crack in detection provides a kind of long bone cortex bone microcrack zone based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave
System and method, for long bone cortex bone, when being propagated in long bone cortex bone using supersonic guide-wave with microcrack interaction institute
The second harmonic of generation realizes the detection to micro-crack in long bone cortex bone.
The technical scheme is that the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave, comprising:
Supersonic signal generator, for generating with periodicity, the fundamental frequency sine windowing signal that required frequency is center frequency；Power is put
Big device, for amplifying the fundamental frequency sine windowing signal；Low-pass filter, for after filtering out power amplifier amplification
The higher hamonic wave generated since power amplifier itself is non-linear in fundamental frequency signal, and export filtered fundamental frequency signal；
Stimulus sensor, the filtered fundamental frequency signal for exporting low-pass filter are coupled to long bone cortex bone by soft tissue
In；Broadband reception sensor is led for receiving the fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave propagated in long bone cortex bone and the fundamental frequency ultrasound
When wave is propagated in long bone cortex bone with microcrack interaction after generated second harmonic；Amplifier, it is described for amplifying
Fundamental frequency ultrasonic guided wave signals and second harmonic signal received by broadband reception sensor；Oscillograph, for showing by putting
The fundamental frequency ultrasonic guided wave signals and second harmonic signal that big device is amplified；Computer, for storing and analyzing, the letter that will receive
Number by Fourier transformation, the amplitude of fundamental frequency ultrasonic guided wave signals and second harmonic signal is obtained, to calculate relative nonlinear
Coefficient.
Above-mentioned stimulus sensor and broadband reception sensor be set to one for and long bone cortex bone at soft tissue outside
On the voussoir that the skin in portion fits, the voussoir is affixed by couplant and the skin outside the soft tissue at long bone cortex bone
It closes；By adjusting the angle of voussoir, to generate the fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave with strong nonlinear effect in long bone cortex bone
Mode.
It is detected using micro-crack of the second harmonic to long bone cortex bone.
The analytic process of above-mentioned computer are as follows: by Fourier's variation or time frequency analysis, obtain the amplitude of fundamental frequency signal
A1With secondary harmonic amplitude A2, calculating relative nonlinear factor beta ', whereinIt will be from institute in tested long bone cortex bone
Obtained relative nonlinear factor beta 'dWith relative nonlinear factor beta obtained in normal long bone cortex bone0' compare, if
It is internal there are micro-crack in long bone cortex bone, then β 'dRelative to β0' change significantly, long cortical bone is characterized according to this variation
The presence of micro-crack in bone.
The method of long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave, includes the following steps:
S1. according to the physical parameter and geometric parameter of long bone cortex bone, long bone cortex bone is reduced to plate structure, thus
It calculates and draws the phase velocity of long bone cortex bone and the dispersion curve of group velocity；
S2. the phase velocity according to obtained in S1 and group velocity dispersion curve, selection can motivate strong nonlinear effect
Fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave mode and corresponding fundamental frequency, i.e. fundamental frequency phase velocity be equal to two frequency multiplication phase velocities when to mode and frequency
Rate；
S3. being generated by supersonic signal generator has some cycles number, frequency for the sine of selected fundamental frequency
Add Hanning window pulse signal；
S4. after the pulse signal generated in S3 being amplified by power amplifier, by low-pass filter, with eliminate by
In the higher hamonic wave signal that the non-linear of power amplifier generates；
S5. filtered fundamental frequency signal is input to stimulus sensor, stimulus sensor passes through signal by couplant
Soft tissue is coupled in long bone cortex bone；
S6. fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave is propagated in long bone cortex bone, and generates second harmonic after microcrack interaction；
S7. after broadband reception sensor in receiving end receives signal, by amplification, oscilloscope display and computer is sent to deposit
Storage；
S8. signal obtained in S7 is obtained the width of fundamental frequency signal by Fourier's variation or time frequency analysis by computer
Value A1 and secondary harmonic amplitude A2, calculating relative nonlinear factor beta ', wherein
S9. will from tested long bone cortex bone obtained relative nonlinear factor beta 'dIt is obtained with normal long bone cortex bone
The relative nonlinear factor beta arrived '0It compares, if there are micro-crack, β ' inside long bone cortex bonedRelative to β '0Have bright
Aobvious variation, according to there are micro-cracks in this variation characterization long bone cortex bone.
In above-mentioned steps S2, it is based on calculated dispersion curve, selection can motivate the fundamental frequency of strong nonlinear effect super
Guided Waves mode and corresponding fundamental frequency, i.e. fundamental frequency phase velocity be equal to two frequency multiplication phase velocities when to mode and frequency.
After above-mentioned pumping signal is amplified by power amplifier, before being sent into stimulus sensor, need to pass through low pass
Filter filters out the higher hamonic wave signal generated due to the non-linear of power amplifier.
Signal by couplant, is coupled in long bone cortex bone across soft tissue, passes through adjusting by above-mentioned stimulus sensor
The angle of voussoir, generates the fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave mode with strong nonlinear effect in long bone cortex bone, and fundamental frequency ultrasound is led
Wave and microcrack interaction generate second harmonic signal, and broadband reception sensor is obtained by soft tissue to be believed containing second harmonic
Number supersonic guide-wave.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: compared with the prior art, the fine fisssure provided by the invention based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave
Line detection system and method, when being propagated in long bone cortex bone according to supersonic guide-wave, and when microcrack interaction and micro-crack
Contact sound it is non-linear, second harmonic can be generated, can be realized to long bone cortex bone fine fisssure by generated second harmonic
The detection of line.Relative to traditional X-ray and conventional Ultrasound method, system and method for the invention have safely, be able to detect
Micro-crack detects the advantages that speed is fast, high-efficient, testing cost is low, accuracy in detection is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system schematic of the invention based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that of the invention
Protection scope be not limited by the specific implementation.
The present invention provides a kind of the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system and method based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave, ginseng
See Fig. 1, system includes: supersonic signal generator 1, for generating with periodicity, the fundamental frequency that required frequency is center frequency
Sinusoidal windowing signal；Power amplifier 2, for amplifying the fundamental frequency sine windowing signal；Low-pass filter 3, for filtering out
State power amplifier 2 amplify after fundamental frequency signal in due to power amplifier 2 itself is non-linear and generate higher hamonic wave,
And export filtered fundamental frequency signal；Stimulus sensor 6, the filtered fundamental frequency signal for exporting low-pass filter 3 lead to
Soft tissue 4 is crossed to be coupled in long bone cortex bone 5；Broadband reception sensor 12, for receiving the base propagated in long bone cortex bone 5
It is produced after interacting when frequency supersonic guide-wave 9 and the fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave 9 are propagated in long bone cortex bone 5 with micro-crack 10
Raw second harmonic 11；Amplifier 13, for amplifying the letter of fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave 9 received by the broadband reception sensor 12
Number and second harmonic signal 11；Oscillograph 14, for showing 9 signal of fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave and two for passing through amplifier 13 and being amplified
Rd harmonic signal 11；Computer 15 specifically, by the signal received by Fourier transformation, is obtained for storing and analyzing
The amplitude of fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave 9 signal and second harmonic signal 11, to calculate relative nonlinear coefficient.Wherein supersonic guide-wave has
Many mode will select specific mode.By adjusting the angle of voussoir 7, required for being motivated in long bone cortex bone
Fundamental frequency modality-specific supersonic guide-wave.The present invention is detected using micro-crack of the second harmonic to long bone cortex bone, is passed through
Second harmonic signal monitors long bone cortex bone crackle, and second harmonic signal is fundamental frequency ultrasonic guided wave signals and crackle phase interaction
With rear generation.
Further, the stimulus sensor 6 and broadband reception sensor 12 are set to one and are used for and long bone cortex bone 5
On the voussoir 7 that skin outside the soft tissue 4 at place fits, the voussoir 7 by couplant 8 with it is soft at long bone cortex bone 5
Skin outside tissue 4 fits；By adjusting the angle of voussoir 7, to generated in long bone cortex bone 5 with strong non-thread
The fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave mode of property effect.
Further, the analytic process of the computer 15 are as follows: by Fourier's variation or time frequency analysis, obtain fundamental frequency
The amplitude A of signal1With secondary harmonic amplitude A2, calculating relative nonlinear factor beta ', whereinIt will be from tested long bone
Obtained relative nonlinear factor beta in cortex bone 'dWith relative nonlinear factor beta obtained in normal long bone cortex bone0' carry out
Comparison, if internal in long bone cortex bone, there are micro-crack, β 'dRelative to β0' have and obviously change, according to this change
Change the presence of micro-crack in characterization long bone cortex bone.
Detection method of the invention includes the following steps:
S1. according to the physical parameter and geometric parameter of long bone cortex bone, long bone cortex bone is reduced to plate structure, thus
It calculates and draws the phase velocity of long bone cortex bone and the dispersion curve of group velocity, wherein physical parameter includes the close of long bone cortex bone
Degree, elasticity modulus and Poisson's ratio；
S2. the phase velocity according to obtained in S1 and group velocity dispersion curve, selection can motivate strong nonlinear effect
Fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave mode and corresponding fundamental frequency, i.e. fundamental frequency phase velocity be equal to two frequency multiplication phase velocities when to mode and frequency
Rate；
S3. being generated by supersonic signal generator has some cycles number, frequency for the sine of selected fundamental frequency
Add Hanning window pulse signal；
S4. after the pulse signal generated in S3 being amplified by power amplifier, by low-pass filter, with eliminate by
In the higher hamonic wave signal that the non-linear of power amplifier generates；
S5. filtered fundamental frequency signal is input to stimulus sensor, stimulus sensor by couplant, passes through signal
Soft tissue is coupled in long bone cortex bone；
S6. fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave is propagated in long bone cortex bone, and generates second harmonic after microcrack interaction；
S7. after broadband reception sensor in receiving end receives signal, by amplification, oscilloscope display and computer is sent to deposit
Storage；
S8. signal obtained in S7 is obtained the width of fundamental frequency signal by Fourier's variation or time frequency analysis by computer
Value A1 and secondary harmonic amplitude A2, calculating relative nonlinear factor beta ', wherein
S9. will from tested long bone cortex bone obtained relative nonlinear factor beta 'dIt is obtained with normal long bone cortex bone
The relative nonlinear factor beta arrived '0It compares, if internal in long bone cortex bone, there are micro-crack, β 'dRelative to β '0Have
Obviously change, according to there are micro-cracks in this variation characterization long bone cortex bone.
Further, in step S2, it is based on calculated dispersion curve, selection can motivate the base of strong nonlinear effect
Frequency supersonic guide-wave mode and corresponding fundamental frequency, i.e. fundamental frequency phase velocity be equal to two frequency multiplication phase velocities when to mode and frequency
Rate.
Further, it after pumping signal is amplified by power amplifier, before being sent into stimulus sensor, needs to pass through
Low-pass filter, to filter out the higher hamonic wave signal generated due to amplifier nonlinearity.
Further, stimulus sensor is coupled in long bone cortex bone across soft tissue, passes through by signal by couplant
The angle of adjusting wedge generates the fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave mode with strong nonlinear effect, fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave in long bone
Second harmonic signal is generated with microcrack interaction, receiving sensor obtains super containing second harmonic signal by soft tissue
Guided Waves；
In conclusion compared with the prior art, the microcrack zone system provided by the invention based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave
System and method, the supersonic signal generator 1 of system, generate have some cycles number, required frequency be center frequency just
String windowing signal；It is amplified by power amplifier 2, the signal after amplifying is filtered out by low-pass filter 3 due to function
The higher hamonic wave that rate amplifier itself is non-linear and generates；Signal after filtering is input to stimulus sensor 6, passes through voussoir 7
It is coupled in long bone cortex bone 5 by signal by soft tissue 4 with couplant 8, required base is motivated in long bone cortex bone
Frequency supersonic guide-wave 9；When fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave 9 is propagated in long bone cortex bone, after interacting with micro-crack 10, generate secondary humorous
Wave 11；The second harmonic and fundamental frequency mode of generation are received sensor 12 and are received, and after amplifying by amplifier 13, send oscillograph
14 displays and the storage of computer 15 and analysis.When the present invention propagates in long bone cortex bone according to supersonic guide-wave, with micro-crack phase
When interaction and the contact sound of micro-crack is non-linear, can generate second harmonic, can be realized by generated second harmonic
Detection to long bone cortex bone micro-crack.Relative to traditional X-ray and conventional Ultrasound method, system and method tool of the invention
Have the advantages that safely, be able to detect micro-crack, detection speed it is fast, high-efficient, testing cost is low, accuracy in detection is high.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the invention, and still, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, is appointed
What what those skilled in the art can think variation should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave characterized by comprising
Supersonic signal generator (1) is believed for generating with periodicity, the fundamental frequency sine adding window that required frequency is center frequency
Number；
Power amplifier (2), for amplifying the fundamental frequency sine windowing signal；
Low-pass filter (3), for filter out the power amplifier (2) amplification after fundamental frequency signal in due to power amplification
The higher hamonic wave that device (2) itself is non-linear and generates, and export filtered fundamental frequency signal；
Stimulus sensor (6), the filtered fundamental frequency signal for exporting low-pass filter (3) are coupled by soft tissue (4)
To in long bone cortex bone (5)；
Broadband reception sensor (12), for receiving in the long bone cortex bone (5) the fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave (9) of propagation and described
Generated second harmonic after interacting when fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave (9) is propagated in long bone cortex bone (5) with micro-crack (10)
(11)；
Amplifier (13), for amplify fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave (9) signal received by the broadband reception sensor (12) and
Second harmonic signal (11)；
Oscillograph (14), for showing fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave (9) signal amplified by amplifier (13) and second harmonic letter
Number (11)；
Computer (15), by the signal received by Fourier transformation, obtains fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave for storing and analyzing
(9) amplitude of signal and second harmonic signal (11), to calculate relative nonlinear coefficient.
2. the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave, feature exist as described in claim 1
In the stimulus sensor (6) and broadband reception sensor (12) are set to one and are used for and soft group at long bone cortex bone (5)
It knits on the voussoir (7) that (4) external skin fits, the voussoir (7) passes through at couplant (8) and long bone cortex bone (5)
The external skin of soft tissue (4) fits；By adjusting the angle of voussoir (7), so that generating in long bone cortex bone (5) has
The fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave mode of strong nonlinear effect.
3. the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave, feature exist as described in claim 1
In being detected using micro-crack of the second harmonic to long bone cortex bone (5).
4. the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system as claimed in claim 1 or 3 based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave, feature
It is, the analytic process of the computer (15) are as follows: by Fourier's variation or time frequency analysis, obtain the amplitude of fundamental frequency signal
A1With secondary harmonic amplitude A2, calculate relative nonlinear factor beta ', wherein β '=A2/A1 2；Obtained by will be from tested long bone cortex bone
The relative nonlinear factor beta arrived 'dWith relative nonlinear factor beta obtained in normal long bone cortex bone '0It compares, if long
It is internal there are micro-crack in cortical bone bone, then β 'dRelative to β0' change significantly, long bone cortex bone is characterized according to this variation
The presence of middle micro-crack.
5. the method for the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step:
S1. according to the physical parameter and geometric parameter of long bone cortex bone, long bone cortex bone (5) is reduced to plate structure, thus
It calculates and draws the phase velocity of long bone cortex bone (5) and the dispersion curve of group velocity；
S2. the phase velocity according to obtained in S1 and group velocity dispersion curve, selection can motivate the fundamental frequency of strong nonlinear effect
Supersonic guide-wave mode and corresponding fundamental frequency, i.e. fundamental frequency phase velocity be equal to two frequency multiplication phase velocities when to mode and frequency；
S3. being generated by supersonic signal generator, there is some cycles number, frequency to add the Chinese for the sine of selected fundamental frequency
Peaceful window pulse signal；
S4. after the pulse signal generated in S3 being amplified by power amplifier, by low-pass filter, to eliminate due to function
Non-linear and generation the higher hamonic wave signal of rate amplifier；
S5. filtered fundamental frequency signal is input to stimulus sensor (6), signal is passed through couplant (8) by stimulus sensor (6)
It is coupled in long bone cortex bone (5) across soft tissue (4)；
S6. fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave (9) is propagated in long bone cortex bone (5), secondary humorous with generating after micro-crack (10) interaction
Wave (11)；
S7. after receiving end broadband reception sensor (12) receives signal, by amplification, oscillograph (14) display and computer are sent
(15) it stores；
S8. signal obtained in S7 is obtained the width of fundamental frequency signal by Fourier's variation or time frequency analysis by computer (15)
Value A1 and secondary harmonic amplitude A2, calculate relative nonlinear factor beta ', wherein β '=A2/A1 2；
S9. will from obtained relative nonlinear factor beta on tested long bone cortex bone (5) 'dIt is obtained with normal long bone cortex bone (5)
The relative nonlinear factor beta arrived '0It compares, if long bone cortex bone (5) is internal, there are micro-crack (10), β 'dRelative to
β'0It changes significantly, according to there are micro-crack (10) in this variation characterization long bone cortex bone.
6. the method for the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave as claimed in claim 5,
It is characterized in that, in step S2, is based on calculated dispersion curve, selection can motivate the fundamental frequency ultrasound of strong nonlinear effect to lead
Wave mode and corresponding fundamental frequency, i.e. fundamental frequency phase velocity be equal to two frequency multiplication phase velocities when to mode and frequency.
7. the method for the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave as claimed in claim 5,
It is characterized in that, after pumping signal is amplified by power amplifier (2), before being sent into stimulus sensor (6), needs by low
Bandpass filter (3) filters out the higher hamonic wave signal generated due to the non-linear of power amplifier (2).
8. the method for the long bone cortex bone microcrack zone system based on non-linear ultrasonic guided wave as claimed in claim 5,
It being characterized in that, signal by couplant (8), is passed through soft tissue (4) and is coupled in long bone cortex bone (5) by stimulus sensor (6),
By the angle of adjusting wedge (7), the fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave mould with strong nonlinear effect is generated in long bone cortex bone (5)
State, fundamental frequency supersonic guide-wave (9) and micro-crack (10) interaction generate second harmonic signal, and broadband reception sensor (12) passes through
Soft tissue (4) obtains the supersonic guide-wave containing second harmonic signal.
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