CN110334480A - Curve design method is extended for reducing the double offset antenna minor face of noise temperature - Google Patents
Curve design method is extended for reducing the double offset antenna minor face of noise temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN110334480A CN110334480A CN201910682980.0A CN201910682980A CN110334480A CN 110334480 A CN110334480 A CN 110334480A CN 201910682980 A CN201910682980 A CN 201910682980A CN 110334480 A CN110334480 A CN 110334480A
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- minor face
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- curved surface
- double offset
- noise temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/141—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing reflecting surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double offset antenna minor faces for reducing noise temperature to extend curve design method, it is related to the fields such as communication, observing and controlling and radio astronomy.Design method of the present invention obtains ellipsoid, further according to parameters such as the minimum elevations of feed illumination angle, marginal point coordinate and Antenna Operation, cuts to ellipsoid, form extension curved surface by rotating minor face ellipse.Extension curved surface of the invention reduces the leakage that electromagnetic wave is radiated in the edge diffraction and feed of minor face, the thermal noise on ground is blocked, increase the capture efficiency of minor face, improve the gain of antenna, the quality factor for improving antenna, the design suitable for the fields such as radio astronomy, satellite communication and deep space exploration antenna.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields such as communication, observing and controlling and radio astronomy, particularly relate to one kind for reducing noise temperature
The double offset antenna minor face of degree extends curve design method.
Background technique
Double offset antenna refers to that interarea biases minor face biasing, minor face to feed.Double offset antenna both overcomes minor face pair
Interarea blocks, and overcomes feed and support arm blocks minor face, so as to improve the near in sidelobe characteristic of antenna radiation pattern
With the standing wave ratio of input voltage characteristic of feed, and antenna efficiency with higher.
The double offset antenna of Pascal Greggory form compact structure easy to accomplish and have between Feed and minor face compared with
Large-spacing can reduce near-field effect and be easily achieved far field condition, therefore application range is more extensive.Below-center offset antenna is due to weight
Heart position is low, and is conducive to the installation and maintenance of reception system, is used by a large amount of engineerings.
Exactly because double offset antenna has the advantages that above, international big science engineering --- square kilometre battle array SKA(Square
Kilometre Array) radio telescope project, use below-center offset Pascal Greggory dual reflector antenna form.
SKA project is made of the double offset reflector antenna for amounting to 15 meters of 2500 face bore, is received from remote universe
Faint electric signal, it is therefore desirable to which antenna has high-gain, low-noise performance, to improve receiving sensitivity.In antenna gain one
In the case where fixed, noise problem of the people more concerned with antenna.The major parameter for evaluating antenna system performance is gain noise ratio G/
T, the also referred to as quality factor of antenna, G are antenna gains, and T is the noise temperature of antenna system.So only reducing antenna
Noise temperature is just able to satisfy requirement of the system to antenna figure of merit G/T value, for the antenna being applied in radio astronomy field
For, reducing noise just seems more important.
Even if the fairly good antenna of a secondary performance, at the low elevation angle, the noise temperature of (5 °~7 °) is 30K~50K, still
It is not able to satisfy the demand of international SKA project.
China Patent Publication No. CN102496774A, entitled " a kind of high-gain, low sidelobe figuration double offset Pascal Greggory
The design method of antenna " patent in disclose a kind of mouth face field distribution function for double offset antenna, antenna can be made to have
There is the characteristics of high-gain and low sidelobe；China Patent Publication No. CN1317884A, a kind of entitled " improvement offset parabolic antenna
The corrugation loudspeaker feed source of cross polarization characteristics " patent in disclose a kind of horn feed, by excitation higher mode mode, come
Reduce the cross polarization level of Single offset antenna；China Patent Publication No. CN2433740Y, a kind of entitled " biasing satellite communication
Antenna " patent in disclose it is a kind of use double offset Pascal Greggory form, the satellite communication of Lai Tigao cross polarization isolation
Antenna.Offset antenna is all referred in above-mentioned several patents, mainly to antenna in terms of gain, secondary lobe and intersection
Make moderate progress, but to another important indicator of antenna --- for noise temperature, have the disadvantage that
(1) it is not related to designing in terms of related noise temperature.In three above-mentioned patents, antenna gain, secondary lobe have been related generally to
With intersect the technology in terms of isolation, design method in terms of not referring in relation to noise temperature.
(2) not providing reduces noise temperature method.It is well known that antenna figure of merit is communication and radio astronomy field
In a very main technical indicator, in the above patent, do not provide the method how realized and reduce antenna noise temperature.
(3) bias mode is not provided.Double offset antenna is divided into biasing and below-center offset two ways, refers to that antenna is being bowed
When facing upward movement, the location of minor face.Antenna noise temperature caused by two kinds of bias modes is different.
William A. Imbriale is in " Large Antennas of the Deep Space Network " (JPL hair
Row, 2 months 2002) a kind of method for increasing by a circle flange outside minor face is proposed in book, to reduce antenna noise temperature, but
This method has the disadvantage that
(1) efficiency of antenna is reduced.Since this method is applied on the symmetrical Cassegrain antenna of circle, increased outside minor face
Flange form and block on antenna aperture direction, reduce the capture area of antenna, therefore, reduce the effect of antenna
Rate.
(2) it is not suitable for double offset antenna.Method proposed in book, just for the antenna of Cassegrain form, and
It is not suitable for the double offset antenna of Pascal Greggory form.
The content of invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of double offset antenna pairs for reducing noise temperature
Face extends curve design method, has the characteristics that noise temperature is low, sidelobe level is low and antenna efficiency is high.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of double offset antenna minor face extension curve design method for reducing noise temperature comprising following steps:
(1) using the line of elliptical two focuses of minor face as X-axis, line midpoint is coordinate origin, establishes plane right-angle coordinate
XOY；
(2) in step (1) built coordinate system, elliptic equation is established:
Wherein, a is the elliptical major semiaxis of minor face；B is the elliptical semi-minor axis of minor face；
(3) the obtained ellipse of step (2) is rotated by 360 ° around X-axis, obtains an ellipsoid, is denoted as S；
(4) according to required reduced noise temperature index, determine feed to extension curved surface illumination angle theta and extension curved edges pair
The minor face transverse angle theta1, determine extension curved edges point, be denoted as A, the corresponding Y-coordinate value of A point is denoted as yA, yAValue
Meet following formula:
Wherein, R is feed phase center away from A point distance, and R meets following formula:
Wherein, e is the elliptical eccentricity of minor face；
(5) with y=yA, a plane is established, S is denoted as1；
(6) with minor face and S1For boundary, trimmed surface S obtains curved surface S '；
(7) minor face top edge and plane of symmetry intersection point are determined, B is denoted as；
(8) A, B two o'clock are connected, line segment AB is obtained；
(9) determine that one is crossed line segment AB and the plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, is denoted as C；
(10) using C as boundary, trimmed surface S ' obtains curved surface E；
(11) using antenna feed phase center as axle center, surface of revolution E, until the minimum work elevation angle of antenna；
(12) antenna feed phase center is crossed, a horizontal plane is done, is denoted as D；
(13) using horizontal plane D as boundary, curved surface E is intercepted, curved surface E ' is obtained；
(14) it will be moved in boundary curved surface E ' adjacent with minor face, so that forming gap between minor face and curved surface E ', and obtain curved surface
E''；
Complete the design of minor face extension curved surface.
Optionally, the double offset antenna is Pascal Greggory form.
Optionally, the double offset antenna is below-center offset mode.
Optionally, minor face extension curved surface is the composite material of aluminum alloy materials or laid inside metal mesh.
Optionally, minor face extension curved surface is made of multiple subsurfaces.
Optionally, in the step (4), feed is 5 °≤θ≤60 ° to the value range of extension curved surface illumination angle theta.
Optionally, in the step (14), the distance moved in boundary is 0.2~5 mm.
It has the following beneficial effects: compared with the background technology, the present invention
(1) noise temperature of antenna is reduced.Compared with the background art, the present invention has carried out curved surface extension to minor face lower part, subtracts
The energy leakage for the antenna feed that small ground is received, reduces the noise temperature of antenna system.
(2) efficiency of antenna is improved.Since invention increases minor faces to extend curved surface, the intercepting and capturing effect of minor face is improved
Rate, reduces the leakage and diffraction at minor face edge, to improve the efficiency of antenna system.
(3) sidelobe level of antenna is reduced.Curved surface is extended by increasing, improves the continuity of minor face edge current,
The edge leakage for reducing electromagnetic wave, concentrates energy in the main beam of antenna, reduces near in sidelobe and remote sidelobe level.
(4) reasonable to cut, the weight of extension curved surface is reduced, wind resistance is reduced.The present invention carries out extension curved surface
Reasonable cutting, had not only improved the comprehensive performance of antenna, but also made to extend surface area and minimize, to reduce the weight of curved surface
Amount, reduces the wind resistance of minor face.
In short, present inventive concept is ingenious, and clear thinking, it is easy to accomplish, both solved traditional double offset antenna noise temperature
High disadvantage is spent, and reduces the secondary lobe of antenna, improves the efficiency of antenna, is a kind of important improvement to the prior art.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure composition schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is step 1~step 3 schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is step 4~step 6 schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is step 7~step 10 schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is step 11~step 13 schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of step 14 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is in the embodiment of the present invention to extension curved surface piecemeal schematic diagram again；
Fig. 8 is the electromagnetic simulation model for not having to extend curve antenna in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the electromagnetic simulation model for having extension curve antenna in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the patterns calculating result for having extension curve antenna in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is to calculate result to the noise temperature with and without extension curve antenna in the embodiment of the present invention to compare.
The meaning of each label is as follows in figure: interarea 1, minor face 2, extends curved surface 3, feed 4.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The present embodiment is by taking 15 meters of aperture antennas of double offset as an example, and structure is as shown in Figure 1.Minor face extension is bent in embodiment
The design method in face, includes the following steps:
It is as shown in Figure 2:
(1) using the line of elliptical two focuses of minor face as X-axis, line midpoint is coordinate origin, establishes plane right-angle coordinate
XOY；
(2) in step (1) built coordinate system, elliptic equation is established:
Wherein, a is the elliptical major semiaxis of minor face；B is the elliptical semi-minor axis of minor face；
In embodiment, a=3023.182mm, b=2873.497mm.
(3) the obtained ellipse of step (2) is rotated by 360 ° around X-axis, obtains an ellipsoid, is denoted as S；
It is as shown in Figure 3:
(4) according to required reduced noise temperature index, determine feed to extension curved surface illumination angle theta and extension curved edges pair
The minor face transverse angle theta1, determine extension curved edges point, be denoted as A, the corresponding Y-coordinate value of A point is denoted as yA, yAValue
It can be calculated as follows:
Wherein, R is feed phase center away from A point distance, and R can be calculated as follows:
Wherein, e is the elliptical eccentricity of minor face；
In embodiment, θ=40 °；θ1=10.5°；R=2092.074mm；e==0.310762.
(5) with y=yA, a plane is established, S is denoted as1；
(6) with minor face and S1For boundary, trimmed surface S obtains curved surface S '；
It is as shown in Figure 4:
(7) minor face top edge and plane of symmetry intersection point are determined, B is denoted as；
(8) A, B two o'clock are connected, line segment AB is obtained；
(9) determine that one is crossed line segment AB and the plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, is denoted as C；
(10) using C as boundary, trimmed surface S ' obtains curved surface E；
It is as shown in Figure 5:
(11) using antenna feed phase center F as axle center, surface of revolution E, until the minimum work elevation angle of antenna；
(12) antenna feed phase center F is crossed, a horizontal plane is done, is denoted as D；
(13) using horizontal plane D as boundary, curved surface E is intercepted, curved surface E ' is obtained；
It is as shown in Figure 6:
(14) it will be moved in boundary curved surface E ' adjacent with minor face, so that forming gap between minor face and curved surface E ', and obtain curved surface
E''；
In embodiment, boundary inset is from for 0.5mm；
Complete the design of minor face extension curved surface.
Double offset antenna is Pascal Greggory form.
Double offset antenna is below-center offset mode.
It is aluminum alloy materials that minor face, which extends curved surface, is also possible to the composite material of laid inside metal mesh.
In the present embodiment, extension curved surface is the form of composite of laid inside metal mesh.
Minor face extension curved surface can carry out piecemeal again, be made of several subsurfaces.
In the present embodiment, extension curved surface is divided into three uniform subsurfaces of area, as shown in Figure 7.
Feed is 5 °≤θ≤60 ° to the value range of extension curved surface illumination angle theta.
In the present embodiment, feed is to extension 40 ° of value of curved surface illumination angle theta.
Advantages of the present invention can be further illustrated by following simulation analysis:
(1) specification of a model.In order to illustrate beneficial effects of the present invention, two kinds of electromagnetic-field simulation models are established, one is do not have
The antenna of curved surface is extended, another kind is the method for the present invention.Calculation method, geometric dimension, simulation frequency of two kinds of simulation models etc.
Condition is all the same.Two kinds of simulation model difference are as shown in Figure 8,9.
(2) calculated result.For two kinds of models, antenna efficiency and noise temperature are calculated separately, Figure 10 is present invention side
The antenna efficiency calculated result of method, Figure 11 are background techniques compared with the noise temperature result of the method for the present invention.
(3) implementation result.From calculated result it can be seen that antenna (5 °) at the low work elevation angle, the present invention is than background skill
The low 7.5K of the noise temperature of art；When height works the elevation angle (90 °), the present invention is 2K lower than the noise temperature of background technique.
In short, design method of the present invention effectively reduces electromagnetic wave in pair by being extended minor face lower edge, being cut
The leakage of edge diffraction and the feed radiation in face, has blocked the thermal noise on ground, has increased the capture efficiency of minor face, improve day
The gain of line improves the quality factor of antenna.
The above is only highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention in any way, it is all according to the present invention
Technical spirit any simple modification, change and equivalent structure to the above embodiments change, and still fall within skill of the present invention
In the protection scope of art scheme.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of double offset antenna minor face for reducing noise temperature extends curve design method, which is characterized in that including such as
Lower step:
(1) using the line of elliptical two focuses of minor face as X-axis, line midpoint is coordinate origin, establishes plane right-angle coordinate
XOY；
(2) in step (1) built coordinate system, elliptic equation is established:
Wherein, a is the elliptical major semiaxis of minor face；B is the elliptical semi-minor axis of minor face；
(3) the obtained ellipse of step (2) is rotated by 360 ° around X-axis, obtains an ellipsoid, is denoted as S；
(4) according to required reduced noise temperature index, determine feed to extension curved surface illumination angle theta and extension curved edges pair
The minor face transverse angle theta1, determine extension curved edges point, be denoted as A, the corresponding Y-coordinate value of A point is denoted as yA, yAValue
Meet following formula:
Wherein, R is feed phase center away from A point distance, and R meets following formula:
Wherein, e is the elliptical eccentricity of minor face；
(5) with y=yA, a plane is established, S is denoted as1；
(6) with minor face and S1For boundary, trimmed surface S obtains curved surface S '；
(7) minor face top edge and plane of symmetry intersection point are determined, B is denoted as；
(8) A, B two o'clock are connected, line segment AB is obtained；
(9) determine that one is crossed line segment AB and the plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry, is denoted as C；
(10) using C as boundary, trimmed surface S ' obtains curved surface E；
(11) using antenna feed phase center as axle center, surface of revolution E, until the minimum work elevation angle of antenna；
(12) antenna feed phase center is crossed, a horizontal plane is done, is denoted as D；
(13) using horizontal plane D as boundary, curved surface E is intercepted, curved surface E ' is obtained；
(14) it will be moved in boundary curved surface E ' adjacent with minor face, so that forming gap between minor face and curved surface E ', and obtain curved surface
E''；
Complete the design of minor face extension curved surface.
2. the double offset antenna minor face according to claim 1 for reducing noise temperature extends curve design method,
It is characterized in that, the double offset antenna is Pascal Greggory form.
3. the double offset antenna minor face according to claim 1 or 2 for reducing noise temperature extends curve design method,
It is characterized in that, the double offset antenna is below-center offset mode.
4. the double offset antenna minor face according to claim 1 for reducing noise temperature extends curve design method,
It is characterized in that, the minor face extension curved surface is the composite material of aluminum alloy materials or laid inside metal mesh.
5. the double offset antenna minor face according to claim 1 for reducing noise temperature extends curve design method,
It is characterized in that, the minor face extension curved surface is made of multiple subsurfaces.
6. the double offset antenna minor face according to claim 1 for reducing noise temperature extends curve design method,
It is characterized in that, in the step (4), feed is 5 °≤θ≤60 ° to the value range of extension curved surface illumination angle theta.
7. the double offset antenna minor face according to claim 1 for reducing noise temperature extends curve design method,
It is characterized in that, in the step (14), the distance moved in boundary is 0.2~5 mm.
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111092302A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-01 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | FAST radio telescope 'back-lighting' observation method |
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