CN110320175B - Near infrared spectrum detection device and control method - Google Patents
Near infrared spectrum detection device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110320175B CN110320175B CN201910597190.2A CN201910597190A CN110320175B CN 110320175 B CN110320175 B CN 110320175B CN 201910597190 A CN201910597190 A CN 201910597190A CN 110320175 B CN110320175 B CN 110320175B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3563—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing solids; Preparation of samples therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/359—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using near infrared light
Abstract
The utility model provides a near infrared spectrum detection device and control method, it includes reference sample sending mechanism, sample tilting mechanism and illumination parameter adjusting unit, the height-adjustable of the first support that is used for placing the sample in the reference sample sending mechanism, illumination parameter adjusting unit includes a plurality of actuating mechanisms, and each actuating mechanism's below sets up angle adjustment mechanism: the actuating mechanism comprises an adjusting seat, a support, an L-shaped plate seat and a light source component, wherein the connecting line of the L-shaped plate seat and the hinge center of the support, the beam irradiation center line of the light source component and the intersection point of the connecting line of the adjusting seat and the hinge center of the support are used as the motion centers of the actuating mechanism, and the motion centers of the actuating mechanisms are intersected at the same point; the bracket and the L-shaped plate seat form a double parallel four-bar structure; the light source component comprises a telescopic rod mechanism of which the tail end is provided with a light source; the first motor of the angle adjusting mechanism is sequentially connected with and drives a plurality of 90-degree steering mechanisms which are arranged corresponding to the executing mechanism, and each 90-degree steering mechanism is respectively provided with a push rod which is connected with the bracket and pushes the bracket to rotate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nondestructive detection device for agricultural products, in particular to a near infrared spectrum detection device and a control method.
Background
At present, near infrared spectrum detection technology is rapidly developed in China, and the application of the near infrared spectrum detection technology is expanded to various fields, wherein typical applications comprise food and medicines. The light source is crucial to near infrared spectrum nondestructive detection. However, currently, a single diffuse transmission or diffuse reflection spectrum collection mode is generally adopted on a set of spectrum detection device, and the light source irradiation angle and the light source irradiation distance of the multi-light source device cannot be automatically adjusted around the center of the sample. The existing spectrum detection sample introduction mode generally adopts manual sample introduction, most of the sample introduction mode stays in a stage of static detection of a single area, a multi-target area of a dynamic detection sample cannot be realized, and the detection efficiency is improved, particularly, the spectrum detection instrument is used for scientific research and teaching. Moreover, the existing near infrared spectroscopy instrument basically collects the spectral information of a single region for the spectral collection of a sample, the collection of the spectral information of a sample to be detected is non-comprehensive, and if the spectral information of a plurality of regions of a single sample to be detected needs to be collected manually, the sample conversion position needs to be collected again, so that the detection workload is large, the detection time is long, and great inconvenience is brought.
The Chinese patent application with publication number CN103487396A discloses a near-infrared fruit sugar degree nondestructive testing device with adjustable illumination parameters, which achieves the purpose of testing different fruit parts, fruits with different sizes and different types by adjusting the illumination angle of a light source or changing the position of the light source in a sliding chute of a lamp support. Through changing the position of lamp support in the shape support spout, can change the size that the light source shines intensity on fruit to can detect different peel thickness and the fruit of equidimension not. However, this solution still has the following disadvantages: (1) only near infrared spectrum transmission detection can be realized, and near infrared spectrum reflection detection cannot be realized; (2) the irradiation angle and the irradiation distance of the light source need to be manually adjusted, and the centers of the irradiation angle and the irradiation distance of the light source cannot be adaptively coincided and adjusted with the centers of samples with different sizes; (3) the inversion of the sample requires manual adjustment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a near infrared spectrum detection device and a control method, wherein the near infrared spectrum detection device can automatically sample and turn over, can automatically adjust the light source irradiation angle and the light source irradiation distance, and can adapt to the multi-target position detection of quasi-spherical fruits in a certain size range.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a near infrared spectrum detection device, which comprises a case, wherein a reference sample feeding mechanism, a sample turning mechanism and an illumination parameter adjusting unit are arranged in the case, wherein the reference sample feeding mechanism comprises a reference sample feeding mechanism body, a sample turning mechanism body and a reference illumination parameter adjusting unit, and the reference illumination parameter adjusting unit comprises:
the reference sample sending mechanism comprises two reference sample sending linear modules which are arranged in parallel, a sample autorotation tray unit and a reference ball tray unit are arranged on sliders of the two reference sample sending linear modules at a certain distance, the sample autorotation tray unit comprises a first base fixedly arranged on the conveying unit, a first lens sleeve is fixedly arranged in the first base, a first convex lens is arranged in the first lens sleeve, a first support for placing a sample is arranged at the top of the first lens sleeve, the first support is connected with a second support through a height adjusting unit, the first lens sleeve is in interference fit connection with an inner ring of the planetary motion mechanism, and a support leg of the second support is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism, so that the first support and the second support rotate along with the rotation of the outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism;
the sample turnover mechanism comprises two first and second linear modules which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the conveying unit and at a detection position, a sample tray rotation driving mechanism is arranged on a sliding block of the first linear module, the sample tray rotation driving mechanism comprises a first base plate fixedly connected with the sliding block of the first linear module, an active friction wheel connected with the first driving unit is fixedly arranged on the first base plate through a bearing, a third linear module is vertically arranged on the first base plate, an active gripper is arranged on the sliding block of the third linear module through a second driving unit, a second base plate is arranged on the sliding block of the second linear module, at least two follow-up friction wheels are arranged at the front end of the second base plate in parallel, a fourth linear module is vertically arranged at the rear end of the second base plate, and the sliding block of the fourth linear module is connected with the follow-up gripper through a follow-up gripper bearing seat;
the illumination parameter adjusting unit comprises a plurality of actuating mechanisms arranged around the detection position, and an angle adjusting mechanism is arranged below each actuating mechanism;
each actuating mechanism comprises an adjusting seat fixedly connected with the chassis, a support hinged with the adjusting seat, an L-shaped plate seat hinged with the support, and a light source assembly arranged on the L-shaped plate seat, wherein the connecting line of the hinged centers of the L-shaped plate seat and the support, the beam irradiation central line of the light source assembly and the intersection point of the connecting line of the hinged centers of the adjusting seat and the support are used as the motion centers of the actuating mechanisms, and the motion centers of the actuating mechanisms are intersected at the same point;
the support comprises two support legs hinged with the adjusting seat and arranged in parallel, and two support cantilevers hinged with the L-shaped plate seat and arranged in parallel, the other ends of the two support legs are connected with the other ends of the two support cantilevers to form a parallelogram hinge structure, and the connecting line of the hinge centers of the L-shaped plate seat and the two support cantilevers is parallel to the two support legs, so that the support and the L-shaped plate seat form a double parallel four-bar structure;
the light source assembly comprises a telescopic rod mechanism controlled by a stepping motor, and a light source is arranged at the tail end of the telescopic rod mechanism; the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a first motor and a plurality of 90-degree steering mechanisms which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the executing mechanisms, push rods connected with the supports are arranged on the 90-degree steering mechanisms respectively, and output shafts of the first motor are sequentially connected with and drive the 90-degree steering mechanisms to enable the 90-degree steering mechanisms to drive the corresponding supports to rotate through the push rods of the 90-degree steering mechanisms;
the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a first motor and a plurality of 90-degree steering mechanisms which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the executing mechanisms, push rods connected with the supports are arranged on the 90-degree steering mechanisms respectively, and output shafts of the first motor are sequentially connected with and drive the 90-degree steering mechanisms to enable the 90-degree steering mechanisms to drive the corresponding supports to rotate through the push rods.
The invention realizes automatic feeding of reference and sample by matching the conveying unit with the sample autorotation tray unit, and realizes the omnibearing turnover of the quasi-spherical fruit sample by matching the first, second, third and fourth linear modules and the rotary drive of the second and third driving units, thereby providing a foundation for realizing the omnibearing non-blind area automatic acquisition of single sample spectrum information; in addition, the invention takes the connecting line of the L-shaped plate seat and the hinge centers of the two bracket cantilevers, the beam irradiation center line of the light source component and the intersection point of the adjusting inclination plate and the connecting line of the hinge centers of the two bracket feet as the motion centers of the actuating mechanisms (namely the illumination centers of all the actuating mechanisms), the height of the first support is adjusted through the height adjusting unit, so that the centers of fruits with different sizes can coincide with the motion center of the actuating mechanism and then perform near infrared spectrum detection, and the first motor of the angle adjusting structure can be started to drive the push rod under the condition that the motion center of the actuating mechanism is unchanged (the illumination center is unchanged), and then carry out automatically regulated to illumination angle through actuating mechanism's rotation to thereby accessible light source subassembly telescopic link mechanism's step motor's pulse count sets for the length of adjusting telescopic link mechanism, thereby realizes the automatically regulated to illumination distance. Therefore, the collection of the spectral information of the sample in a certain direction is realized, the spectral information of the sample in a certain direction can be collected under the conditions that the illumination center is unchanged and the illumination angle and the illumination distance are changed, and the near infrared spectral information of a single sample in multiple target positions can be automatically detected through the cooperation of automatic sample introduction and all-around overturning.
Furthermore, a reflection collimating mirror is mounted at the top of an inner cavity of the case, a transmission collimating mirror is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the case, the reflection collimating mirror and the transmission collimating mirror are oppositely arranged, the sample placing point is arranged between the reflection collimating mirror and the transmission collimating mirror, the reflection collimating mirror and the transmission collimating mirror are respectively connected with one end of a controllable light path switcher through optical fibers, and the other end of the controllable light path switcher is connected with a spectrometer through the optical fibers.
Further, the illumination parameter regulating unit still includes temperature regulation module, and this temperature regulation module is including installing the temperature controller who is used for adjusting the spectrum appearance temperature below the spectrum appearance, installing at quick-witted incasement temperature sensor, installing radiator fan on the machine lateral wall, temperature sensor inserts in the light source control circuit of light source subassembly, when temperature sensor detects that the temperature reaches the setting value with the normal atmospheric temperature difference in the quick-witted case, temperature sensor automatic cutout light source's power to avoid the influence of temperature to the spectrum appearance.
Furthermore, the adjusting seat comprises an adjusting seat bottom plate fixedly arranged on the inner partition plate of the chassis and an adjusting inclination plate hinged with the bracket and the adjusting seat bottom plate, and a ratchet adjusting and positioning mechanism is arranged between the adjusting inclination plate and the adjusting seat bottom plate, so that the adjusting inclination plate can be adjusted to a certain inclination angle and is fixed in a self-locking manner; the ratchet wheel adjusting and positioning mechanism comprises a first ratchet wheel and a second ratchet wheel which are fixedly installed at two ends of a rotating shaft of the adjusting inclination plate, and pawls which are hinged to two sides of the adjusting base bottom plate, the installing directions of the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel are opposite, one ends of the two pawls are respectively connected with the adjusting base bottom plate through springs, and the other ends of the two pawls are respectively clamped with the first ratchet wheel or the second ratchet wheel, so that the adjusting inclination plate can be adjusted to a required angle (the angle of the adjusting inclination plate is changed to adjust the adjusting range of the light source irradiation angle on the adjustable double-parallel four-bar mechanism) clockwise or anticlockwise through the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel, and self-locking is realized through the clamping and positioning of the first.
Further, 90 degrees steering mechanism includes the mount pad respectively, fixedly on the mount pad set up belt pulley and area seat bearing, installs the transmission shaft in the area seat bearing, and the transmission shaft is connected through gear drive with the belt pulley, and fixed connection on the transmission shaft the push rod.
Furthermore, a halogen lamp holder is fixedly installed at the top end of a push rod of the telescopic rod mechanism, a halogen lamp and a halogen lamp tube are installed on the halogen lamp holder, a polarizing filter and a diaphragm seat are sequentially installed at the front end of an inner cavity of the halogen lamp tube, a diaphragm is installed in the diaphragm seat in an assembling mode, and the size of the diaphragm can be changed as required.
Further, a transmission shaft of a 90-degree steering mechanism is connected with a pivot shaft of the angle sensor, so that the change of the illumination angle is automatically detected.
Furthermore, the second driving unit comprises a second stepping motor seat fixed on the third linear module sliding block, a second stepping motor is installed on the second stepping motor installation seat, and an output shaft of the second stepping motor is connected with a rotating shaft of the driving gripper; the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper are identical in structure and respectively comprise a triangular seat fixedly connected with the second stepping motor seat and a disc seat connected with the triangular seat through a sliding shaft and a second elastic element, a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the disc seat, the disc seat is fixedly connected with a polygonal limiting seat, a plurality of fingers used for gripping and pressing a sample are hinged to the polygonal limiting seat, the middle of each finger is connected with the disc seat through a first elastic element, and the rear end of each finger is inserted into the limiting hole in the disc seat.
Furthermore, a reflecting collimating mirror height adjusting mechanism is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the case, a reflecting collimating mirror seat is fixedly installed at the top end of a push rod of the reflecting collimating mirror height adjusting mechanism, and the reflecting collimating mirror is installed on the reflecting collimating mirror seat; the bottom of the inner cavity of the case is provided with a transmission collimating lens height adjusting mechanism, the top end of a push rod of the transmission collimating lens height adjusting mechanism is fixedly provided with a transmission collimating lens seat, and the transmission collimating lens is arranged on the transmission collimating lens seat.
Further, the conveying unit comprises a first stepping motor, an output shaft of the first stepping motor is connected with a rotating shaft of a driving chain wheel, the driving chain wheel is connected with a driven chain wheel through a chain, and the sample autorotation tray unit is installed on the side face of the chain.
Further, a polyurethane ferrule is sleeved on the outer periphery of the outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism, so that the driving friction wheel can flexibly contact and drive the planetary motion mechanism, and the outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism is prevented from being abraded.
Further, the first cushion of top installation of first support to can not harm when making the sample place, and sample and first cushion flexible contact can avoid stray light's influence.
Further, the first driving unit comprises a third stepping motor fixedly mounted on the first seat plate, and an output shaft of the third stepping motor is connected with a rotating shaft of the driving friction wheel through a synchronous pulley.
Further, a camera for monitoring the position information of the sample is arranged above the preset position.
Further, still be provided with reference ball tray unit on the delivery unit, reference ball tray unit is including the fixed second base that sets up on step-by-step delivery unit, sets up the second tray sleeve that the top is used for placing the reference in the second base, second base internal fixation sets up the second lens sleeve, and the telescopic inner chamber middle part of second lens sets up the second convex lens.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention also provides a control method of the near infrared spectrum detection device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, according to the movement center of the actuating mechanism and the size of the spherical fruit sample to be calibrated, replacing a proper diaphragm, and enabling the center of the spherical fruit sample to be calibrated and the movement center of each actuating mechanism to coincide at the same point when the spherical fruit sample to be calibrated is translated to the inspection position by adjusting the height adjusting unit;
s2, conveying a reference ball tray unit carrying a reference ball and a sample self-rotation tray unit carrying a quasi-spherical fruit sample through a first linear module, and enabling the reference ball tray unit carrying the reference ball to horizontally move to reach the position right above the transmission collimating mirror and the position right below the reflection collimating mirror;
s3, turning on the light sources to make the light emitted by each light source uniformly irradiate on the reference ball, and when the controllable light path switcher is switched to the transmission branch optical fiber, the transmission light is coupled to the transmission branch optical fiber by the transmission collimating mirror, and then is transmitted to the spectrometer by the controllable light path switcher to collect the reference transmission spectrum; when the controllable light path switcher is switched to the reflection branch optical fiber, reflected light is coupled to the reflection branch optical fiber through the reflection collimating mirror, and then is transmitted to the spectrometer through the controllable light path switcher to collect reference reflection spectrum;
s4, translating the sample autorotation tray mechanism carrying the quasi-spherical fruit sample to reach the position right above the transmission collimating mirror and the position right below the reflection collimating mirror;
s5, turning on the light sources to enable the light emitted by each light source to uniformly irradiate on the quasi-spherical fruit sample, and when the controllable light path switcher is switched to the transmission branch optical fiber, the transmission light is coupled to the transmission branch optical fiber by the transmission collimating mirror, and then is transmitted to the spectrometer by the controllable light path switcher to collect the transmission spectrum of the first surface of the sample; when the controllable light path switcher is switched to the reflection branch optical fiber, reflected light is coupled to the reflection branch optical fiber through the reflection collimating mirror, and then is transmitted into the spectrometer through the controllable light path switcher, and the first surface reflection spectrum of the sample is collected;
s6, driving the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper through the third and the fourth linear modules to enable the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper to move to be located on the same horizontal line with the quasi-spherical fruit sample, synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules through the first and the second linear modules to enable the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper on the third and the fourth linear module sliding blocks to move opposite to the quasi-spherical fruit sample, enabling the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper to tightly press or grip the quasi-spherical fruit sample, then synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules, and lifting the quasi-spherical fruit sample upwards away from the sample rotation tray unit through the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper; then starting a second stepping motor, turning the quasi-spherical fruit sample by 90 degrees through the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, enabling the second surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample to reach the position right above the transmission collimating mirror and the position right below the reflection collimating mirror, finally synchronously driving the third linear module and the fourth linear module, placing the quasi-spherical fruit sample back to the sample self-rotation tray unit through the downward movement of the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, enabling the active gripper and the follow-up gripper to return to the initial positions through driving the first linear module and the second linear module, and repeating the step S5 to finish the acquisition of the transmission spectrum or the reflection spectrum of the second surface of the sample;
s7, repeating the step S6 twice, so that the quasi-spherical fruit sample is turned for 90 degrees twice, and the collection of the third and the four-side transmission spectrum or the reflection spectrum of the sample is completed;
s8, respectively moving the main and follow-up grippers upwards to positions higher than the quasi-spherical fruit samples by driving the third and fourth linear modules; the first linear module and the second linear module synchronously drive the main friction wheel and the follow-up friction wheel to translate to the quasi-spherical fruit sample to be contacted with the outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism; then starting a third stepping motor to rotate the driving friction wheel, so that the outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism, the first tray sleeve and the sample rotate by 90 degrees, the fifth surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample reaches the position right above the transmission collimating mirror and the position right below the reflection collimating mirror, and the step S5 is repeated to finish the acquisition of the transmission spectrum or the reflection spectrum of the fifth surface of the sample;
s9, driving the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper through the third and the fourth linear modules to enable the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper to move to be located on the same horizontal line with the quasi-spherical fruit sample, synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules through the first and the second linear modules to enable the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper on the third and the fourth linear module sliding blocks to move opposite to the quasi-spherical fruit sample, enabling the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper to tightly press or grip the quasi-spherical fruit sample, then synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules, and lifting the quasi-spherical fruit sample upwards away from the sample rotation tray unit through the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper; continuously starting a second stepping motor twice, turning the quasi-spherical fruit sample by 180 degrees through the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, enabling a sixth surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample to reach a position right above the transmission collimating mirror and a position right below the reflection collimating mirror, finally synchronously driving a third linear module and a fourth linear module, putting the quasi-spherical fruit sample back to the sample self-rotation tray unit through downward movement of the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, returning the active gripper and the follow-up gripper to the initial positions through driving the first linear module and the second linear module, and repeating the step S5 to finish acquisition of a sixth surface transmission spectrum or a reflection spectrum of the sample;
s10, when the illumination angle is adjusted, the first motor is started to synchronously drive each 90-degree steering mechanism, and then the 90-degree steering mechanism is linked with the push rod to drive the support of the actuating mechanism to change the illumination angle of the sample;
and S11, when the illumination distance is adjusted, starting the stepping motor of the telescopic rod mechanism, and adjusting the length of the telescopic rod mechanism by setting the pulse number of the stepping motor to change the illumination distance of the sample.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a near infrared spectrum detection device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the reference sample transport mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a sample spinning tray unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the sample rotation tray unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a reference ball tray unit of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a reference ball tray unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a sample canting mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an active grip of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a polygonal restraint base according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the actuator of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the front view and the remote center of motion of the actuator of the present invention, in which the dashed circular lines indicate the motion trajectory of the light source.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of an adjusting seat of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a front view of the stand of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a front view of the L-shaped plate carrier of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the structure of a light source module according to the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a halogen lamp assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of a fourth 90 degree steering mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the illumination parameter adjusting unit and the integrated optical path unit of the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a flow chart of a control method of the spectrum collecting device according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a reference sample feeding mechanism; 11. a reference sample feeding linear module; 12. a sample rotation tray unit; 13. a reference ball tray unit; 14. a quasi-spherical fruit sample; 15. a reference sphere; 16. a photosensor;
121. a first base; 122. a first lens sleeve; 123. a first convex lens; 124. a planetary motion mechanism; 125. a polyurethane ferrule; 126. a first cushion; 127. a first support; 128. a height adjustment unit; 129. a second support;
131. a second base; 132. a second lens sleeve; 133. a second convex lens; 134. a second tray sleeve; 135. a second cushion;
2. a sample turning mechanism; 20. a sample tray rotation driving mechanism; 21. a first linear module; 22. a third linear module; 23. a second stepping motor; 24. a second stepper motor mount; 25. an active gripper; 26. a follow-up gripper; 27. a follow-up gripper bearing seat; 28. a fourth linear module; 29. a second linear module;
201. a third step motor; 202. a synchronous pulley; 203. a first seat plate; 204. a driving friction wheel; 205. a second seat plate; 206. a follow-up friction wheel;
251. a finger; 252. a polygonal limiting seat; 253. a disc base; 2531. a limiting hole; 2532. a slide hole; 254. a triangular base; 255. A second elastic element; 256. a first elastic element; 257. a sliding shaft;
3. an illumination parameter adjusting unit; 31. an actuator; 310. an adjusting seat; 3101. a base plate of the adjusting seat; 3102. a first ratchet wheel; 3103. adjusting the bearing with the seat of the inclined plate; 3104. a second ratchet wheel; 3105. adjusting the inclined plate; 3106. the bracket foot is provided with a bearing seat; 3107. a pawl; 3108. a spring; 311. a support; 3111. a support leg; 3112. a bracket cantilever; 312. the plate seat is provided with a seat bearing; 313. an L-shaped plate seat; 3131. an arc groove; 3132. hinging the round hole; 314. a light source assembly; 3140. a telescopic rod mechanism; 3142. a halogen lamp socket; 3143. a halogen lamp; 3144. a halogen lamp barrel; 3145. a heat radiation fan; 3146. a fastener; 3147. a polarizing filter; 3148. a diaphragm seat; 3149. a diaphragm; o, a remote center of motion;
32. an angle adjusting mechanism; 321. a first motor; 322, 325, a first, a second, a third, a fourth 90 degree steering mechanism; 3251. a pedestal bearing; 3252. a drive shaft; 3253. a push rod; 3254. a mounting seat; 3255. a belt pulley; 326. an angle sensor; 327. a U-shaped seat;
33. a temperature controller; 34. a temperature sensor; 35. a heat radiation fan;
4. an integrated optical circuit unit; 40. a spectrometer; 41. a spectrometer trunk fiber; 42. a controllable light path switcher; 43. a transmission branch optical fiber; 44. a transmission collimating mirror height adjusting mechanism; 441. a transmission collimating lens base; 45. a transmission collimating mirror; 46. a reflective collimating mirror; 47. a reflective collimating mirror height adjusting mechanism; 471. a reflective collimating mirror mount; 48. a reflection branch optical fiber;
5. a camera;
6. a partition plate; 61. an adjustment groove;
7. a case.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
For convenience of description, the description of the relative position of the components (e.g., up, down, left, right, etc.) is described with reference to the layout direction of the drawings, and does not limit the structure of the patent.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the near infrared spectrum detection apparatus of the present invention includes a case 7, a partition 6 is disposed in the case 7, a reference sample feeding mechanism 1, a sample turning mechanism 2, and four actuators 31 are disposed on the partition 6, an angle adjusting mechanism 32 disposed on a bottom plate of the case 7 in cooperation with the actuators 31 is disposed on the bottom plate of the case 7, the actuators 31, the angle adjusting mechanism 32, and a temperature adjusting module constitute an illumination parameter adjusting unit 3, a camera 5 is disposed on a top of the case 7, and the camera 5 can acquire information whether the sample turning mechanism 2 turns a quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 to an accurate position.
As shown in fig. 2, the reference sample feeding mechanism 1 includes two reference sample feeding linear modules 11, a sample rotation tray unit 12, and a reference ball tray unit 13, which are arranged in parallel, the reference sample feeding linear modules 11 are fixedly mounted on the partition 6 in the chassis 7, and the sample rotation tray unit 12 and the reference ball tray unit 13 are respectively mounted on the sliders of the two reference sample feeding linear modules 11 at proper intervals; after the motor of the reference sample feeding linear module 11 is started, the sample autorotation tray unit 12 and the reference ball tray unit 13 are driven by the slide block to be sequentially conveyed to a preset detection position.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the sample rotation tray unit 12 includes a first base 121 having a hollow cylindrical shape, a first lens sleeve 122, a first convex lens 123, a planetary movement mechanism 124, a polyurethane ferrule 125, a first cushion 126, a first support 127, a height adjustment unit 128, and a second support 129. The first lens sleeve 122 is sleeved in the inner cavity of the first base 121 and is positioned by screws arranged on the side surface of the first base 121, and the first convex lens 123 is placed on a step in the first lens sleeve 122. The planetary movement mechanism 124 is mounted on the first lens sleeve 122 by interference fit of its inner ring, and a polyurethane ferrule 125 is fitted over the outer ring of the planetary movement mechanism 124. The first and second holders 127 and 129 are clearance-fitted on the top of the first lens sleeve 122, and the first holder 127 is connected to the second holder 129 via a height adjusting unit 128 (a bolt and nut fitting structure), and the legs of the second holder 129 are embedded in the outer race of the planetary movement mechanism 124, and the first cushion 126 is mounted on the top of the first holder 127, and the first and second holders 127 and 129 rotate together with the first cushion 126 as the outer race of the planetary movement mechanism 124 rotates. The first support 127 and the first cushion 126 can be replaced as required to adapt to different samples, and the heights of the first support 127 and the first cushion 126 can be adjusted through the height adjusting unit 128, so that the placement height of the samples can be adjusted, and a foundation is provided for the centers of the samples to coincide with the movement center of the actuating mechanism. In the present embodiment, the planetary motion mechanism 124 is a bearing.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the reference ball tray unit 13 includes a second base 131, a second lens sleeve 132, a second convex lens 133, a second tray sleeve 134, and a second cushion 135, the second lens sleeve 132 is sleeved in the second base 131 and is positioned by screws on the side of the second base 131, the second convex lens 133 is placed on a step in the second lens sleeve 132, the bottom of the second tray sleeve 134 is sleeved on the upper portion of the second lens sleeve 132, and the second cushion 135 is sleeved on the top of the second tray sleeve 134. The second tray sleeve 134 and the second cushion 135 can be replaced as needed to accommodate different references.
As shown in fig. 7, the sample turning mechanism 2 includes a sample tray rotation driving mechanism 20, a first linear module 21, a third linear module 22, a second stepping motor 23, a second stepping motor base 24, a driving gripper 25, a following gripper 26, a following gripper bearing base 27, a fourth linear module 28, and a second linear module 29, wherein the first and second linear modules are synchronous belt linear modules, and the third and fourth linear modules are screw linear modules.
The sample tray rotation driving mechanism 20 comprises a third stepping motor 201, a synchronous pulley 202, a T-shaped first seat plate 203, a driving friction wheel 204, a Y-shaped second seat plate 205 and a follow-up friction wheel 206, wherein the first seat plate 203 and the second seat plate 205 are respectively and fixedly arranged on sliding seats of the first synchronous belt linear module 21 and the second synchronous belt linear module 29, the third stepping motor 201 is fixedly arranged at a convex end of the T-shaped first seat plate 203, the driving friction wheel 204 and the follow-up friction wheel 206 are respectively arranged on rotating shafts fixedly arranged at the front ends of the first seat plate 203, the second seat plate 203 and the follow-up friction wheel 205, and an output shaft of the third stepping motor 201 is connected with a rotating shaft of the driving friction wheel 204 through the synchronous pulley 202.
The third linear module 22 is vertically installed on the first seat plate 203, the fourth linear module 28 is vertically installed on the second seat plate 205, the second stepping motor 23 is fixed on the second stepping motor seat 24 on the third linear module 22 slide block, the rotating shaft of the driving hand grip 25 is connected with the output shaft of the second stepping motor 23 through a coupling, and the follow-up hand grip 26 is installed on the follow-up hand grip bearing seat 27 on the fourth linear module 28 slide block through the rotating shaft.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the driving gripper 25 and the following gripper 26 have the same structure, and respectively include a plurality of fingers 251, a polygonal stopper seat 252, a disc seat 253, and a triangular seat 254, the polygonal stopper seat 252 is fixedly connected with the disc seat 253 into a whole through a shaft, the disc seat 253 is provided with a plurality of stopper holes 2531 and three sliding holes 2532, the front ends of the fingers 251 are mounted on the polygonal stopper seat 252 through pins, the middle portion of the fingers 251 is connected with the disc seat 253 through a first elastic element 256, the rear ends of the fingers 251 are inserted into the stopper holes 2531 of the disc seat 253, a sliding shaft 257 penetrating the three sliding holes 2532 is provided between the disc seat 253 and the triangular seat 254, and the sliding shaft 257 is provided with a second elastic element 255. When the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 is grabbed and pressed, the active grab 25 actively grabs towards the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 under the action of the first linear module 21, after contacting the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14, the plurality of fingers 251 of the active grab 25 passively open and press the first and second elastic elements 256 and 255, the plurality of fingers 251 of the follow-up grab 26 simultaneously passively open and press the first and second elastic elements 256 and 255, and then the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 is pressed under the combined action of the active grab 25 and the follow-up grab 26. The polygonal limiting seat 252 limits the fingers 251 when the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 is pressed and grabbed.
As shown in fig. 10-11, the actuator 31 includes an adjusting base 310, a bracket 311, a plate-base-band-base bearing 312, an L-shaped plate base 313, and a light source assembly 314, the adjusting base 310 is fixedly mounted on an inner partition of the chassis, one end of the bracket 311 is hinged to the adjusting base 310, the other end of the bracket 311 is hinged to the L-shaped plate base 313 through the plate-base-band-base bearing 312, and the light source assembly 314 is mounted on the L-shaped plate base 313.
As shown in FIG. 12, the adjustable seat 310 comprises an adjustable seat bottom plate 3101, a first ratchet wheel 3102, a second ratchet wheel 3104, an adjustable tilt angle plate strap seat bearing 3103, an adjustable tilt angle plate 3105 and a bracket strap seat bearing 3106, the bracket strap seat bearing 3106 is fixedly mounted on the adjustable tilt angle plate 3105, the adjustable tilt angle plate strap seat bearing 3103 is fixedly mounted at one end of the adjustable seat bottom plate 3101, the adjustable tilt angle plate 3105 is mounted on the adjustable tilt angle plate strap seat bearing 3103 through a rotating shaft thereof, the first ratchet wheel 3102, the second ratchet wheel 3104 are mounted at two ends of the rotating shaft of the adjustable tilt angle plate 3105, the first ratchet wheel 3102, the second ratchet wheel 3104 are mounted in opposite directions, the two sides of the adjustable seat bottom plate 3101 are respectively hinged with a pawl 3107, one end of the pawl 3107 is connected with the adjustable seat bottom plate 3101 through a spring 3108, the other end is clamped with the first ratchet wheel 3102, the second ratchet wheel 3104, so that the adjustable tilt angle of the adjustable tilt angle plate 3105 can be rotated clockwise, and the self-locking positioning of the inclination angle adjusting plate 3105 is realized through the clamping of the first ratchet 3102, the second ratchet 3104 and the pawl 3107. Adjusting the angle of inclination of the inclination plate 3105 determines the adjustment range of the light source irradiation angle.
As shown in fig. 13, the support 311 includes two support legs 3111 hinged to and parallel to the adjusting tilt plate 3105, two support cantilevers 3112 hinged to and parallel to the L-shaped plate holder 313, the support legs 3111 are hinged to the support cantilevers 3112, and one end of the two support legs 3111 and one end of the two support cantilevers are connected to form a parallelogram hinge structure, and a connection line between the hinge centers of the L-shaped plate holder 313 and the two support cantilevers 3112 is parallel to the two support legs 3111, so that a double-parallelogram structure is formed between the support 311 and the L-shaped plate holder 313.
As shown in fig. 14, an arc groove 3131 and a hinge circular hole 3132 are disposed on the L-shaped plate base 313, the arc groove 3131 is concentric with the hinge circular hole 3132, the light source assembly 314 is hinged to the L-shaped plate base 313 through a fastening member 3146 at the hinge circular hole 3132, and the light source assembly 314 is connected through the fastening member 3146 inserted into the arc groove 3131, such that the light source assembly 314 is not only mounted on the L-shaped plate base 313, but also can slide along the arc groove 3131.
As shown in fig. 15-16, the light source assembly 314 includes a telescopic rod mechanism 3140, a halogen lamp holder 3142, a halogen lamp 3143, a halogen lamp holder 3144, a heat dissipating fan 3145, a fastener 3146, a polarizing filter 3147, a diaphragm holder 3148, and a diaphragm 3149, wherein the halogen lamp holder 3142 is fixedly installed at the top end of a push rod of the telescopic rod mechanism 3141, the halogen lamp 3143 is installed on the halogen lamp holder 3142, the halogen lamp holder 3144 is matched with the halogen lamp holder 3142, the polarizing filter 3147 is installed on a step of the front end of an inner cavity of the halogen lamp holder 3144, the diaphragm holder 3148 with external threads is axially fixed at the front end of the halogen lamp holder 3144, and the polarizing filter 3147 is limited, the front end of the diaphragm holder 3148 is provided with a groove, and the diaphragm 3149 is placed in the. The diaphragm 3149 with different sizes can be replaced in the groove to adjust the size of the light spot. The heat dissipation fans 3145 are installed on the halogen lamp cylinder 144 in the same wind direction, and respectively dissipate heat from the halogen lamp 3143 at a constant rotation speed. The telescopic link mechanism 3140 includes a telescopic link controlled by a stepping motor, and the telescopic distance of the telescopic link can be adjusted according to the pulse number of the stepping motor.
As shown in fig. 11, 13 and 14, the center line of the actuator 31, which is irradiated with the halogen lamp 3143, the line connecting the hinge centers of the L-shaped plate holder 313 and the bracket 311, and the intersection point between the bracket 311 and the line connecting the hinge centers of the reclining plate 3105 serve as the center of light irradiation and the center of rotation O of the actuator 31. Since the inclination angle of the inclined plate 3105 can be adjusted by the first and second ratchet wheels 3102 and 3104, and the installation angle of the light source assembly 314 on the L-shaped plate base 313 can be adjusted by the circular arc groove 3131 on the L-shaped plate base 313, the illumination center, i.e., the rotation center O of the actuator 31, can be adjusted by adjusting the installation angles of the light source assembly 314 on the inclined plate 3105 and the L-shaped plate base 313 together, so as to adapt to quasi-spherical fruits of different sizes.
As shown in fig. 17 and 18, the angle adjusting mechanism 32 includes a first motor 321, a first, a second, a third and a fourth 90- degree steering mechanisms 322 and 325, and an angle sensor 326, and the first, the second, the third and the fourth 90- degree steering mechanisms 322 and 325 have the same structure, and the structure is only described by taking the fourth 90-degree steering mechanism 325 as an example. The fourth 90-degree steering mechanism 325 comprises a belt pulley 3255 and a mounting seat 3254 fixedly provided with a bearing 3251, a transmission shaft 3252 is hinged on the bearing 3251 with a seat, the transmission shaft 3252 is connected with the belt pulley 3255 through a gear transmission mechanism, a push rod 3253 is fixedly connected on the transmission shaft 3252, and one end of the push rod 3253 penetrates through an adjusting groove 61 arranged on the partition plate 6 and is hinged with the bracket 311. The pulleys of the first, second, third and fourth 90- degree steering mechanisms 322 and 325 are in Z-shaped transmission connection through a plurality of belts, the angle sensor 326 is fixedly arranged on a bearing 3251 with a seat of the fourth 90-degree steering mechanism 325 through a U-shaped seat 327, a pivot of the angle sensor 326 is fixedly arranged on a transmission shaft 3252 of the fourth 90-degree steering mechanism 325, the first motor 321 drives the first 90-degree steering mechanism 322 through the belts, further synchronously driving the second, third and fourth 90- degree steering mechanisms 323 and 325, the first, second, third and fourth 90- degree steering mechanisms 322 and 325 respectively drive the bracket 311 connected with the push rod to rotate, therefore, the illumination angle is automatically adjusted, meanwhile, the fourth 90-degree steering mechanism transmission shaft 3252 drives the angle sensor 326 to pivot, and the angle sensor 326 detects an illumination angle adjusting value and feeds the illumination angle adjusting value back to the control system.
As shown in fig. 1, the temperature adjusting module includes a temperature controller 33, a temperature sensor 34, and a heat dissipating fan 35, the temperature controller 33 is installed below the spectrometer 40 for adjusting the temperature of the spectrometer 40, the heat dissipating fan 35 is installed on a side wall of the cabinet 7, the temperature sensor 34 is installed on the partition board 6 inside the cabinet 7, the temperature sensor 34 is connected to the control loop of the halogen lamp 3143, and when the temperature sensor 34 detects that the temperature difference between the room temperature and the temperature inside the cabinet reaches a set value, the power supply of the halogen lamp 3143 is automatically cut off, so that the temperature inside the cabinet 7 can be adjusted by the temperature sensor 34.
As shown in fig. 19, the integrated optical circuit unit 4 includes a spectrometer 40, a spectrometer trunk optical fiber 41, a controllable optical circuit switcher 42, a transmission branch optical fiber 43, a transmission collimator height adjusting mechanism 44, a transmission collimator 45, a reflection collimator 46, a reflection collimator height adjusting mechanism 47, and a reflection branch optical fiber 48; a reflecting collimating mirror height adjusting mechanism 47 is installed at the top of an inner cavity of the case 7, a transmitting collimating mirror height adjusting mechanism 44 is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity, a reflecting collimating mirror seat 471 is fixedly installed at the top end of a push rod of the reflecting collimating mirror height adjusting mechanism 47, a reflecting collimating mirror 46 is installed on the reflecting collimating mirror seat 471, a transmitting collimating mirror seat 45 is fixedly installed at the top end of a push rod of the transmitting collimating mirror height adjusting mechanism 44, and a transmitting collimating mirror 45 is installed on the transmitting collimating mirror seat 45; the reflection collimating lens 46 is connected with the controllable light path switcher 42 through the reflection branch optical fiber 48, the transmission collimating lens 45 is connected with the controllable light path switcher 42 through the transmission branch optical fiber 43, the controllable light path switcher 42 is connected with the spectrometer 40 through the spectrometer trunk optical fiber 41, and therefore the diffuse reflection or diffuse transmission collection light path can be switched through the controllable light path switcher 42.
When the fruit sample turning device is used, the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 is divided into six surfaces similar to square objects, the second stepping motor is started once to turn the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 for 90 degrees, and the third stepping motor is started once to turn the sample turning tray unit 12 for 90 degrees. As shown in fig. 20, the method for controlling the near infrared spectrum detection apparatus according to the present invention includes the steps of:
s1, according to the movement center of the actuating mechanism and the size of the spherical fruit sample 14 to be calibrated, replacing a proper diaphragm, and enabling the center of the spherical fruit sample to be calibrated and the movement center of each actuating mechanism to coincide at the same point when the spherical fruit sample to be calibrated is translated to the inspection position by adjusting the height adjusting unit;
s2, conveying the reference ball tray unit 13 carrying the reference ball 15 and the sample rotation tray unit 12 carrying the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 through the first linear module 21, and enabling the reference ball tray unit 13 carrying the reference ball 15 to translate to the inspection position right opposite to the photoelectric sensor 16, namely, enabling the reference ball 15 to reach the position right above the transmission collimating mirror 45 and right below the reflection collimating mirror 46;
s3, turning on the light sources to make the lights emitted by the light sources uniformly irradiate on the reference sphere 15, and when the controllable light path switch 42 is switched to the transmission branch optical fiber 43, the transmission light is coupled to the transmission branch optical fiber 43 by the transmission collimating mirror 44, and then is transmitted to the spectrometer 40 by the controllable light path switch 42 to collect the reference transmission spectrum; when the controllable light path switch 42 is switched to the reflection branch optical fiber 48, the reflected light is coupled to the reflection branch optical fiber 48 by the reflection collimator 46, and then is transmitted to the spectrometer 40 by the controllable light path switch 42, so as to collect the reference reflection spectrum;
s4, translating the sample rotation tray mechanism 12 carrying the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 to an inspection position right facing the photoelectric sensor 16, namely, enabling a first surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample to reach the position right above the transmission collimating mirror 45 and the position right below the reflection collimating mirror 46;
s5, turning on the light sources to make the lights emitted by the light sources uniformly irradiate on the quasi-spherical fruit sample, when the controllable light path switch 42 is switched to the transmission branch optical fiber 43, the transmission light is coupled to the transmission branch optical fiber 43 by the transmission collimating mirror 44, and then the transmission light is transmitted to the spectrometer 40 by the controllable light path switch 42, and the first surface transmission spectrum of the sample is collected; when the controllable light path switch 42 is switched to the reflection branch optical fiber 48, the reflected light is coupled to the reflection branch optical fiber 48 by the reflection collimating mirror 46, and then is transmitted to the spectrometer 40 by the controllable light path switch 42, so as to collect the reflection spectrum of the first surface of the sample;
s6, driving the driving gripper 25 and the following gripper 26 through the third and the fourth linear modules to move to be positioned on the same horizontal line with the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14, synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules 22 and 28 through the first and the second linear modules 21 and 29 to move the driving gripper and the following gripper on the third and the fourth linear module sliding blocks opposite to the quasi-spherical fruit sample, pressing or gripping the quasi-spherical fruit sample by the driving gripper and the following gripper, then synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules, and lifting the quasi-spherical fruit sample upwards away from the sample self-rotation tray unit through the driving gripper and the following gripper; then starting a second stepping motor, turning the quasi-spherical fruit sample by 90 degrees through the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, enabling the second surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample to reach the position right above the transmission collimating mirror 45 and the position right below the reflection collimating mirror 46, finally synchronously driving the third linear module and the fourth linear module, putting the quasi-spherical fruit sample back to the sample self-rotation tray unit through the downward movement of the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, enabling the active gripper and the follow-up gripper to return to the initial positions through driving the first linear module and the second linear module, and repeating the step S5 to finish the acquisition of the transmission spectrum or the reflection spectrum of the second surface of the sample;
s7, repeating the step S6 twice, so that the quasi-spherical fruit sample is turned for 90 degrees twice, and the collection of the third and the four-side transmission spectrum or the reflection spectrum of the sample is completed;
s8, respectively moving the main and follow-up grippers upwards to positions higher than the quasi-spherical fruit samples by driving the third and fourth linear modules; the first linear module and the second linear module synchronously drive the main friction wheel and the follow-up friction wheel to translate to the quasi-spherical fruit sample to be contacted with the outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism; then starting a third stepping motor to rotate the driving friction wheel, so that the outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism, the first tray sleeve and the sample rotate by 90 degrees, the fifth surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample reaches the position right above the transmission collimating mirror 45 and the position right below the reflection collimating mirror 46, and the step S5 is repeated to finish the acquisition of the transmission spectrum or the reflection spectrum of the fifth surface of the sample;
s9, driving the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper through the third and the fourth linear modules to enable the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper to move to be located on the same horizontal line with the quasi-spherical fruit sample, synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules through the first and the second linear modules to enable the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper on the third and the fourth linear module sliding blocks to move opposite to the quasi-spherical fruit sample, enabling the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper to tightly press or grip the quasi-spherical fruit sample, then synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules, and lifting the quasi-spherical fruit sample upwards away from the sample rotation tray unit through the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper; continuously starting a second stepping motor twice, turning the quasi-spherical fruit sample by 180 degrees through the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, enabling a sixth surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample to reach a position right above the transmission collimating mirror 45 and a position right below the reflection collimating mirror 46, finally synchronously driving a third linear module and a fourth linear module, putting the quasi-spherical fruit sample back to the sample self-rotation tray unit through downward movement of the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, returning the active gripper and the follow-up gripper to the initial positions through driving the first linear module and the second linear module, and repeating the step S5 to finish acquisition of a sixth surface transmission spectrum or a reflection spectrum of the sample;
s10, when the illumination angle is adjusted, the first motor is started to synchronously drive each 90-degree steering mechanism, and then the 90-degree steering mechanism is linked with the push rod to drive the support of the actuating mechanism to change the illumination angle of the sample;
and S11, when the illumination distance is adjusted, starting the stepping motor of the telescopic rod mechanism, and adjusting the length of the telescopic rod mechanism by setting the pulse number of the stepping motor to change the illumination distance of the sample.
In this embodiment, it is assumed that the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 is divided into six faces similar to a square article, the second stepping motor is started once to turn the quasi-spherical fruit sample 14 by 90 degrees, and the third stepping motor is started once to turn the sample rotation tray unit 16 by 90 degrees, but not limited thereto, for example, the stepping motor in this application may be replaced by a stepless speed regulating motor to realize stepless adjustment of the turning angle and the rotation angle, so that the quasi-spherical fruit sample can be divided into any plurality of faces, and then spectrum collection of any face is realized through cooperation of the first, second, third and fourth linear modules.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application in any way, and although the present application has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes and modifications within the technical scope of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application, and therefore all the changes and modifications can be made within the technical scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A near infrared spectrum detection device comprises a case (7), a reference sample feeding mechanism (1), a sample turning mechanism (2) and an illumination parameter adjusting unit (3) are arranged in the case, and is characterized in that,
the reference sample feeding mechanism comprises two reference sample feeding linear modules (11) which are arranged in parallel, a sample self-rotation tray unit (12) and a reference ball tray unit (13) are arranged on the sliding blocks of the two reference sample feeding linear modules at a certain distance, the sample autorotation tray unit comprises a first base (121) fixedly arranged on the conveying unit, a first lens sleeve (122) is fixedly arranged in the first base, a first convex lens (123) is arranged in the first lens sleeve, a first support (127) used for placing a sample is arranged at the top of the first lens sleeve, the first support is connected with a second support (129) through a height adjusting unit (128), the first lens sleeve is connected with an inner ring of the planetary motion mechanism (124) in an interference fit manner, and the support leg of the second support is fixedly connected with an outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism, so that the first support and the second support rotate along with the rotation of the outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism;
the sample turning mechanism comprises a first linear module and a second linear module (21, 29) which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the conveying unit and at the detection position, a sample tray self-rotation driving mechanism (20) is arranged on a sliding block of the first linear module, the sample tray rotation driving mechanism comprises a first seat plate (203) fixedly connected with a slide block of a first linear module, a driving friction wheel (204) connected with a first driving unit is fixedly arranged on the first seat plate through a bearing, a third straight line module (22) is vertically arranged on the first seat plate, a slide block of the third straight line module is provided with an active gripper (25) through a second driving unit, a second seat plate (205) is arranged on the slide block of the second straight line module, the front end of the second seat plate is provided with at least two follow-up friction wheels (206) in parallel, the rear end of the second seat plate is vertically provided with a fourth linear module (28), and a sliding block of the fourth linear module is connected with a follow-up gripper (26) through a follow-up gripper bearing seat (27);
the illumination parameter adjusting unit comprises a plurality of actuating mechanisms (31) arranged around the detection position, and an angle adjusting mechanism (32) is arranged below each actuating mechanism;
each actuating mechanism (31) comprises an adjusting seat (310) fixedly connected with the chassis, a support (311) hinged with the adjusting seat, an L-shaped plate seat (313) hinged with the support and a light source assembly (314) arranged on the L-shaped plate seat, wherein the connecting line of the L-shaped plate seat and the hinge center of the support, the beam irradiation center line of the light source assembly and the intersection point of the connecting line of the adjusting seat and the hinge center of the support are used as the movement centers of the actuating mechanisms, and the movement centers of the actuating mechanisms are intersected at the same point;
the support comprises two support legs (3111) hinged with the adjusting seat and arranged in parallel, and two support cantilevers (3112) hinged with the L-shaped plate seat and arranged in parallel, the other ends of the two support legs and the other ends of the two support cantilevers are connected to form a parallelogram hinged structure, and the connecting line of the hinged centers of the L-shaped plate seat and the two support cantilevers is parallel to the two support legs, so that the support and the L-shaped plate seat form a double parallel four-bar structure;
the light source assembly comprises a telescopic rod mechanism (3140) controlled by a stepping motor, and the tail end of the telescopic rod mechanism is provided with a light source;
the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a first motor (321) and a plurality of 90-degree steering mechanisms which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the actuating mechanisms, push rods (3253) connected with the supports are respectively arranged on the 90-degree steering mechanisms, and output shafts of the first motor are sequentially connected with and drive the 90-degree steering mechanisms to enable the 90-degree steering mechanisms to respectively drive the corresponding supports to rotate through the push rods.
2. The near infrared spectrum detection device according to claim 1, wherein a reflective collimator (46) is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the case, a transmissive collimator (45) is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity, the reflective collimator and the transmissive collimator are arranged oppositely, the sample placement point is arranged between the reflective collimator and the transmissive collimator, the reflective collimator and the transmissive collimator are respectively connected with one end of a controllable light path switcher (42) through optical fibers, and the other end of the controllable light path switcher is connected with the spectrometer (40) through optical fibers.
3. The near infrared spectrum detection device according to claim 1, wherein the illumination parameter adjusting unit further comprises a temperature adjusting module, the temperature adjusting module comprises a temperature controller (34) installed below the spectrometer (40) for adjusting the temperature of the spectrometer, a temperature sensor (35) installed in the chassis, and a heat dissipation fan (36) installed on a side wall of the chassis, the temperature sensor is connected to the light source control loop of the light source assembly, and when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the chassis is higher than a set temperature, the temperature sensor automatically cuts off the power supply of the light source.
4. The near infrared spectrum detection device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting seat comprises an adjusting seat bottom plate (3101) fixedly arranged on the inner partition plate (6) of the chassis and an adjusting inclination plate (3105) hinged with the bracket and the adjusting seat bottom plate, and a ratchet adjusting and positioning mechanism is arranged between the adjusting inclination plate and the adjusting seat bottom plate, so that the adjusting inclination plate can be adjusted to a certain inclination angle and is fixed in a self-locking manner; the ratchet wheel adjusting and positioning mechanism comprises a first ratchet wheel (3102) and a second ratchet wheel (3104) which are fixedly arranged at two ends of a rotating shaft of the adjusting inclination plate, and pawls (3107) which are hinged to two sides of the adjusting seat bottom plate, wherein the first ratchet wheel and the second ratchet wheel are arranged in opposite directions, one ends of the two pawls are respectively connected with the adjusting seat bottom plate through springs (3108), and the other ends of the two pawls are respectively clamped with the first ratchet wheel or the second ratchet wheel.
5. The near infrared spectrum detection device according to claim 1, wherein the 90 degree steering mechanisms respectively comprise a mounting seat (3254), a belt pulley (3255) and a bearing (3251) with a seat are fixedly arranged on the mounting seat, a transmission shaft (3252) is arranged in the bearing with the seat, the transmission shaft and the belt pulley are connected through a gear transmission mechanism, and the push rod (3253) is fixedly connected on the transmission shaft.
6. A near infrared spectrum detection device according to claim 5, wherein a transmission shaft of a 90 degree steering mechanism is connected with a pivot of the angle sensor (326).
7. The near infrared spectrum detection device according to claim 1, wherein a halogen lamp holder (3142) is fixedly installed at the top end of the push rod of the telescopic rod mechanism, a halogen lamp (3143) and a halogen lamp tube (3144) are installed on the halogen lamp holder, a polarizing filter (3147) and a diaphragm seat (3148) are sequentially installed at the front end of an inner cavity of the halogen lamp tube, and a diaphragm (3149) is installed in the diaphragm seat in an assembling manner.
8. The near infrared spectrum detection device according to claim 1, wherein the second driving unit comprises a second stepping motor seat (24) fixed on the third linear module slide block, a second stepping motor (23) is mounted on the second stepping motor seat, and an output shaft of the second stepping motor is connected with a rotating shaft of the driving hand grip; the structure of initiative tongs and follow-up tongs is the same, include respectively with second step motor seat fixed connection's triangular seat (254), disc seat (253) of being connected with the triangular seat through slip shaft (257) and second elastic element (255), set up a plurality of spacing holes (2531) on the disc seat, and disc seat fixed connection polygon spacing seat (252), articulated a plurality of fingers (251) that are used for grabbing pressure sample on the polygon spacing seat, the middle part of each finger through first elastic element (256) with the disc seat is connected, the rear end of each finger inserts in the spacing hole on the disc seat.
9. The near infrared spectrum detection device according to claim 2, wherein a reflecting collimator height adjusting mechanism (47) is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the case, a reflecting collimator seat (471) is fixedly installed at the top end of a push rod of the reflecting collimator height adjusting mechanism, and the reflecting collimator is installed on the reflecting collimator seat; and a transmission collimating mirror height adjusting mechanism (44) is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the case, a transmission collimating mirror seat (441) is fixedly arranged at the top end of a push rod of the transmission collimating mirror height adjusting mechanism, and the transmission collimating mirror is arranged on the transmission collimating mirror seat.
10. A method for controlling a near infrared spectrum detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, replacing a proper diaphragm according to the motion center of the actuating mechanism and the size of the spherical fruit sample to be calibrated (14), and enabling the center of the spherical fruit sample to be calibrated and the motion center of each actuating mechanism to coincide at the same point when the spherical fruit sample to be calibrated is translated to the inspection position by adjusting the height adjusting unit (128);
s2, conveying a reference ball tray unit (13) carrying a reference ball (15) and a sample rotation tray unit (12) carrying a quasi-spherical fruit sample (14) through a first straight line module (21), and enabling the reference ball tray unit (13) carrying the reference ball (15) to translate to an inspection position, namely enabling the reference ball (15) to reach the position right above a transmission collimating mirror (45) and the position right below a reflection collimating mirror (46);
s3, turning on the light sources to enable the light emitted by each light source to uniformly irradiate on the reference ball (15), and when the controllable light path switcher (42) is switched to the transmission branch optical fiber (43), the transmission light is coupled to the transmission branch optical fiber (43) through the transmission collimating mirror (44), and then is transmitted to the spectrometer (40) through the controllable light path switcher (42) to collect the reference transmission spectrum; when the controllable light path switcher (42) is switched to the reflection branch optical fiber (48), reflected light is coupled to the reflection branch optical fiber (48) through the reflection collimating mirror (46), and then is transmitted to the spectrometer (40) through the controllable light path switcher (42) to collect reference reflection spectra;
s4, translating the sample autorotation tray mechanism (12) carrying the quasi-spherical fruit sample (14) to an inspection position, namely, enabling the first surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample to reach the position right above the transmission collimating mirror (45) and the position right below the reflection collimating mirror (46);
s5, turning on the light sources to enable the light emitted by each light source to uniformly irradiate on the quasi-spherical fruit sample, and when the controllable light path switcher (42) is switched to the transmission branch optical fiber (43), the transmission light is coupled to the transmission branch optical fiber (43) through the transmission collimating mirror (44), and then is transmitted to the spectrometer (40) through the controllable light path switcher (42), so as to collect the transmission spectrum of the first surface of the sample; when the controllable light path switcher (42) is switched to the reflection branch optical fiber (48), reflected light is coupled to the reflection branch optical fiber (48) through the reflection collimating mirror (46), and then is transmitted to the spectrometer (40) through the controllable light path switcher (42) to collect the reflection spectrum of the first surface of the sample;
s6, driving the driving gripper (25) and the follow-up gripper (26) through the third and the fourth linear modules to move to be on the same horizontal line with the quasi-spherical fruit sample (14), synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules (22, 28) through the first and the second linear modules (21, 29), enabling the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper on the third and the fourth linear module sliding blocks to move opposite to the quasi-spherical fruit sample, enabling the main gripper and the follow-up gripper to tightly press or grip the quasi-spherical fruit sample, then synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules, and lifting the quasi-spherical fruit sample upwards away from the sample self-rotation tray unit through the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper; then starting a second stepping motor, turning the quasi-spherical fruit sample by 90 degrees through the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, enabling the second surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample to reach the position right above the transmission collimating mirror (45) and the position right below the reflection collimating mirror (46), finally synchronously driving the third linear module and the fourth linear module, putting the quasi-spherical fruit sample back to the sample self-rotation tray unit through the downward movement of the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, and enabling the active gripper and the follow-up gripper to return to the initial positions through driving the first linear module and the second linear module, repeating the step S5, and completing the acquisition of the transmission spectrum or the reflection spectrum of the second surface of the sample;
s7, repeating the step S6 twice, so that the quasi-spherical fruit sample is turned for 90 degrees twice, and the acquisition of the transmission spectrum or the reflection spectrum of the third and the fourth samples is completed;
s8, respectively moving the main and follow-up grippers upwards to positions higher than the quasi-spherical fruit samples by driving the third and fourth linear modules; the first linear module and the second linear module synchronously drive the main friction wheel and the follow-up friction wheel to translate to the quasi-spherical fruit sample to be contacted with the outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism; then starting a third stepping motor to rotate the driving friction wheel, so that the outer ring of the planetary motion mechanism, the first tray sleeve and the sample rotate by 90 degrees, repeating the step S6 once to enable the fifth surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample to reach the position right above the transmission collimating mirror (45) and the position right below the reflection collimating mirror (46), and repeating the step S5 to finish the acquisition of the transmission spectrum or the reflection spectrum of the fifth surface of the sample;
s9, driving the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper through the third and the fourth linear modules to enable the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper to move to be located on the same horizontal line with the quasi-spherical fruit sample, synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules through the first and the second linear modules to enable the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper on the third and the fourth linear module sliding blocks to move opposite to the quasi-spherical fruit sample, enabling the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper to tightly press or grip the quasi-spherical fruit sample, then synchronously driving the third and the fourth linear modules, and lifting the quasi-spherical fruit sample upwards away from the sample rotation tray unit through the driving gripper and the follow-up gripper; continuously starting a second stepping motor twice, turning the quasi-spherical fruit sample by 180 degrees through the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, enabling a sixth surface of the quasi-spherical fruit sample to reach a position right above the transmission collimating mirror (45) and a position right below the reflection collimating mirror (46), finally synchronously driving the third linear module and the fourth linear module, putting the quasi-spherical fruit sample back to the sample self-rotation tray unit through downward movement of the active gripper and the follow-up gripper, and returning the active gripper and the follow-up gripper to the initial positions through driving the first linear module and the second linear module, repeating the step S5, and completing acquisition of a sixth surface transmission spectrum or a reflection spectrum of the sample;
s10, when the illumination angle is adjusted, the first motor is started to synchronously drive each 90-degree steering mechanism, and then the 90-degree steering mechanism is linked with the push rod to drive the support of the actuating mechanism to change the illumination angle of the sample;
and S11, when the illumination distance is adjusted, starting the stepping motor of the telescopic rod mechanism, and adjusting the length of the telescopic rod mechanism by setting the pulse number of the stepping motor to change the illumination distance of the sample.
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| CN113075161B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2023-11-17 | 重庆电子工程职业学院 | Near infrared fruit internal quality detection system |
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