CN110320064A - A kind of soil investigation sampling mid-deep strata soil layering sampler - Google Patents
A kind of soil investigation sampling mid-deep strata soil layering sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN110320064A CN110320064A CN201910501316.1A CN201910501316A CN110320064A CN 110320064 A CN110320064 A CN 110320064A CN 201910501316 A CN201910501316 A CN 201910501316A CN 110320064 A CN110320064 A CN 110320064A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of earth investigation and sampling mid-deep strata soil layering samplers, including rotating cylinder, built-in cylinder, supporting mechanism and earth scraping device;Rotating cylinder: the rotating cylinder includes upper rotating cylinder and lower rotating cylinder, the upper rotating cylinder is connected through a screw thread with lower rotating cylinder, native hole is taken there are two opening up on lower rotating cylinder, built-in cylinder: the built-in cylinder includes rotating cylinder and sampler barrel, the sampler barrel is threadedly coupled with the bottom end of lower rotating cylinder, external cylinder: the external cylinder is located at the outside of built-in cylinder, this soil investigation and sampling mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it has the benefit that and is equipped with earth scraping device, structure is simple, it is easily operated, the mode for replacing existing sampling bottle directly to contact with soil samples, sampling efficiency is high, equipped with taking native hole, it overcomes deep soil and is difficult to the problem of closing sampler at the end of acquisition, the opening and closing of sampler are controlled in the way of rotation, convenient for operation, error caused by non-sampling soil layer is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil sample technical field, specially a kind of soil investigation sampling mid-deep strata soil layering sampling dress
It sets.
Background technique
Environment measuring and improvement are a technical very strong emerging industries, and soil sample belongs to one kind of environment measuring,
Soil sampling refers to the method for acquisition pedotheque, and laying and sampling technique including sampling are adopted section soil sample, should be seen in section
Carried out after examining record, soil first should be subjected to drilling processing before sampling, then utilize sampler, by level from upper and
It is successively sampled from center typical parts down, existing sampling method, for shallow position soil layer, majority is excavated using spades,
Then different soil is sampled, special sampling mode is then passed through for the soil layer of deep layer and is acquired, existing sampler,
Structure is complicated, and the diameter of device is big, and the bore diameter needed is big, destructible soil layer construction, is carrying out Stratified Sampling to deep soil layer
When, scraping low efficiency leads to the low efficiency of sampling, and the accuracy of sampling location is not high.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects, provides a kind of soil investigation sampling mid-deep strata soil
The diameter of Stratified Sampling device, device is small, survivable soil layer construction, and the scraping effect of Stratified Sampling is good, and sampling efficiency height is simultaneously
And the accuracy of sampling location is high, can effectively solve the problems in background technique.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of soil investigation samples mid-deep strata soil layering
Sampler, including rotating cylinder, built-in cylinder, supporting mechanism and earth scraping device;
Rotating cylinder: the rotating cylinder includes upper rotating cylinder and lower rotating cylinder, and the upper rotating cylinder is connected through a screw thread with lower rotating cylinder, on lower rotating cylinder
Native hole is taken there are two opening up;
Built-in cylinder: the built-in cylinder includes rotating cylinder and sampler barrel, and the sampler barrel is threadedly coupled with the bottom end of lower rotating cylinder;
External cylinder: the external cylinder is located at the outside of built-in cylinder, and the structure of external cylinder is identical as rotating cylinder, takes soil on external cylinder
Hole site takes native hole size and location all the same with built-in cylinder side, and external cylinder and built-in cylinder are rotatablely connected;
Supporting mechanism: the supporting mechanism is rotatably connected on the middle part of external cylinder;
Earth scraping device: the earth scraping device includes guide rod, scraper plate, linking arm and mounting blocks, there are two the linking arm is set
And it is symmetrically hinged on the side of mounting blocks, the other end and scraper plate of linking arm are hinged, and guide rod is located at two as in built-in cylinder
A lower section for taking native hole, the bottom end of scraper plate are slidably connected by slide plate and guide rod;
Wherein: further including screw rod, the mounting blocks are placed in the bottom end of screw rod, and are rotated and connected by tapered roller bearing with screw rod
It connects, the top of screw rod is connect with built-in cylinder.
The present apparatus is supported by supporting mechanism, avoids skew, and built-in cylinder and external cylinder, which are staggered, takes native hole, and leads to
That crosses cylinder realization two built in reversing takes native hole to be overlapped, and facilitates and take soil, close in built-in cylinder that native hole site is taken to be equipped with scraping
Device, and by pulling up screw rod, it drives linking arm that scraper plate is pulled to slide out along guide rod and takes native hole, carry out scraping, scrape
Native is high-efficient, improves the efficiency of collecting sample.
Further, the bottom end of the upper rotating cylinder is equipped with female adapter, and top is equipped with through-hole, and one end of lower rotating cylinder is equipped with
Female adapter, the other end are equipped with male connection, and the mode of threaded connection is easily installed and dismantles.
It further, further include connecting cylinder, the connecting cylinder includes male connection one and expansion link, the external screw thread
Connector one is placed in one end of expansion link, and the other end of expansion link is equipped with female adapter one, the male connection one, internal screw thread
Connector one, female adapter are identical with the specification of male connection, and the expansion link is between upper rotating cylinder and lower rotating cylinder, connection
Cylinder samples, the specification of screw thread is identical, convenient to carry out more to different location for lengthening device conducive to deeper soil layer
It changes, and utilizes control depth selection.
Further, the top of the sampler barrel is equipped with male connection, the interior spiral shell of male connection and lower rotating cylinder end
The connection of line joint screw thread, the diameter of sampler barrel are greater than the diameter of external cylinder, and sampler barrel can be installed quickly, are conducive to Stratified Sampling
When quickly sample is taken out, and the Fast Installation when lengthening connecting cylinder.
Further, the supporting mechanism includes upper base plate, adjusting screw rod and support plate, the upper base plate rotation connection
In on external cylinder, adjusting screw rod is equipped with four groups, and array distribution, on upper base plate, adjusting screw rod is threadedly coupled with upper base plate, adjusts
The bottom end and support plate for saving screw rod are rotatablely connected, and are supported soil by support plate, are avoided soil layer deeper, cause device crooked, energy
Enough fixed setting position, and be equipped with adjusting screw rod and probe into depth convenient for fine tuning, improve the precision of sample position.
Further, the bottom end of the adjusting screw rod and the part of support plate rotation connection are non-threaded bar, the support
Plate is circular ring shape support plate, and non-threaded bar is convenient for fixed support plate, and support plate is set as circular ring shape, can adapt to the soil on periphery
Earth environment.
It further, further include installing arm, the installing arm is equipped with four groups, and is distributed in the top of built-in cylinder, installing arm
End handle is installed, the installing arm is equipped with pin shaft hole, and handle is conducive to staff and rotates built-in cylinder.
It further, further include rotating arm, the rotating arm is equipped with two groups, and is symmetrically distributed in the top of external cylinder, revolves
Pivoted arm is parallel with the position of installing arm, and rotating arm is equipped with through-hole corresponding with pin shaft hole, and rotating arm is conducive to and installing arm shape
In contrast with, judge to take whether native hole is overlapped on two cylinders, and conveniently individually rotate external cylinder.
It further, further include limit pin shaft, pin shaft of the limit pin shaft on the through-hole and installing arm of rotating arm
The top in hole, limit pin shaft is equipped with hexagon limited block, is fixed, can be kept away to rotating arm and installing arm by limit pin shaft
Exempt to take native hole to make mistakes in dive or rising unlatching, and conveniently while external cylinder and built-in cylinder can be rotated.
Further, the screw rod is equipped with screw thread, and screw rod is threadedly coupled with the top of built-in cylinder, the top of the screw rod
Turntable is installed, moves up mounting blocks by way of turning screw rod, it is more laborsaving instead of pull-up screw rod, and it is raised away from
From accuracy height, the structure of survivable lower part.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: this soil investigation and sampling mid-deep strata soil layering sampling dress
It sets, has the benefit that
1, it is equipped with earth scraping device, is risen by screw rod, mounting blocks is driven to pull linking arm, the side for sliding scraper plate along guide rod
Formula control scraper plate using and closing, and structure is simple, easily operated, can scrape when reaching sample position to soil,
The mode for replacing existing sampling bottle directly to contact with soil samples, sampling it is high-efficient;
2, it sets there are four taking native hole, using the positional relationship of built-in cylinder and external cylinder, takes native Kong Chong in built-in cylinder and external cylinder
It when conjunction, is acquired, built-in cylinder when taking native hole site vertical, stops sampling, overcome deep soil and acquiring with external cylinder
At the end of be difficult to the problem of closing sampler, the diameter of built-in cylinder and external cylinder is small, and survivable soil layer construction utilizes rotation
Mode the opening and closing of sampler are controlled, convenient for operation, and good airproof performance, when sampling, non-sampling soil layer is made
At error it is small;
3, it is equipped with supporting mechanism to be supported device by the support plate of circular ring shape, overcomes the soil accumulation in drilling area
The hole the problem of, support plate is easily fastened to hole, and the height of device is adjusted by four adjusting screw rods, easily and accurately
Sampling height is finely adjusted, the accuracy of collected sample is improved, reduces Acquisition Error;
4, it is equipped with installing arm and rotating arm, installing arm is corresponding with the positional relationship in native hole is taken with the relationship of rotating arm, facilitates work
Personnel, which understand, takes which kind of state native hole is in, and installing arm and rotating arm are fixed by limit pin shaft, avoids taking native hole because losing
Accidentally or in uphill process rubbing, it is in the open state to cause, and installing arm conveniently rotates device with rotating arm, is conducive to
Improve sampling efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention;
Fig. 2 is barrel configuration schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is earth scraping device structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1 takes native hole, 2 sampler barrels, cylinder, 4 external cylinders, 5 supporting mechanisms, 51 upper base plates, 52 adjusting screw rods, 53 built in 3
Support plate, 6 connecting cylinders, 61 male connections one, 62 expansion links, 7 rotating cylinders, rotating cylinder, 72 lower rotating cylinders, 8 earth scraping devices, 81 are led on 71
To bar, 82 scraper plates, 83 linking arms, 84 mounting blocks, 9 screw rods, 10 turntables, 11 installing arms, 12 handles, 13 limit pin shafts, 14 rotations
Arm.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1-3 is please referred to, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution: a kind of soil investigation sampling mid-deep strata soil layering sampling
Device, including rotating cylinder 7, built-in cylinder 3, supporting mechanism 5 and earth scraping device 8;
Rotating cylinder 7: rotating cylinder 7 includes upper rotating cylinder 71 and lower rotating cylinder 72, and upper rotating cylinder 71 is connected through a screw thread with lower rotating cylinder 72, and screw thread connects
It connects and is easy to install and remove, the window for taking native hole 1 to be soil sample there are two native hole 1 is taken, upper rotating cylinder 71 are opened up on lower rotating cylinder 72
Bottom end be equipped with female adapter, top is equipped with through-hole, and one end of lower rotating cylinder 72 is equipped with female adapter, and the other end is equipped with outer spiral shell
The specification of line connector, upper rotating cylinder 71 and lower rotating cylinder 72 further includes connecting cylinder 6 convenient for addition length, and connecting cylinder 6 is known length
Cylinder, diameter is identical as rotating cylinder 7, and connecting cylinder 6 includes male connection 1 and expansion link 62, and male connection 1 is set
In one end of expansion link 62, the other end of expansion link 62 is equipped with female adapter one, male connection 1, female adapter
One, female adapter is identical with the specification of male connection, and expansion link 62 is between upper rotating cylinder 71 and lower rotating cylinder 72, expansion link
The connector at 62 both ends makes expansion link 62 that multiple pairs of samplers can be used to lengthen, to adapt to deeper soil layer sampling;
Built-in cylinder 3: built-in cylinder 3 includes rotating cylinder 7 and sampler barrel 2, and sampler barrel 2 is threadedly coupled with the bottom end of lower rotating cylinder 72, sampling
The top of cylinder 2 is equipped with male connection 2, and male connection 2 is threadedly coupled with the female adapter of lower 72 end of rotating cylinder, and screw thread connects
The mode connect is easily installed and dismantles, and inevitably needs repeatedly to dismantle in sampling process, threaded connection can mention significantly
High removal efficiency, the diameter of sampler barrel 2 are greater than the diameter of external cylinder 4, further include installing arm 11, and installing arm 11 is equipped with four groups, and
It is distributed in the top of built-in cylinder 3, the end of installing arm 11 is equipped with handle 12, and handle 12 holds convenient for staff,
To device carry out rotation the time save the strength, installing arm 11 be equipped with pin shaft hole, for installing limit pin shaft 13;
External cylinder 4: external cylinder 4 is located at the outside of built-in cylinder 3, and the structure of external cylinder 4 is identical as rotating cylinder 7, the diameter of external cylinder 4
Greater than the diameter of built-in cylinder 3, on external cylinder 4 take native 1 position of hole and built-in 3 side of cylinder take native 1 size and location of hole homogeneous
Together, it when sampling open state, takes the position in native hole 1 to be overlapped on external cylinder 4 and built-in cylinder 3, the position in native hole 1 is taken under closed state
Vertically, external cylinder 4 is rotatablely connected with built-in cylinder 3, by 90 degree of rotation, the position for taking native hole 1 is made to change, to control dress
Opening and closing are set, further include rotating arm 14, rotating arm 14 is equipped with two groups, and is symmetrically distributed in the top of external cylinder 4 convenient for operation
End, for rotating external cylinder 4, rotating arm 14 is parallel with the position of installing arm 11, and rotating arm 14 is equipped with corresponding with pin shaft hole
Through-hole further includes limit pin shaft 13, pin shaft hole of the limit pin shaft 13 on the through-hole and installing arm 11 of rotating arm 14, to right
Rotating arm 14 and installing arm 11 are fixed, and avoid taking native hole 1 because of unknown cause crack, limit the phase of built-in cylinder 3 and external cylinder 4
To rotation, the top of limit pin shaft 13 is equipped with hexagon limited block, to be supported in installing arm 11;
Supporting mechanism 5: supporting mechanism 5 is rotatably connected on the middle part of external cylinder 4, supporting total, avoid its shake or
Person's skew, supporting mechanism 5 includes upper base plate 51, adjusting screw rod 52 and support plate 53, and upper base plate 51 is rotationally connected with external cylinder 4
On, adjusting screw rod 52 is equipped with four groups, and array distribution, on upper base plate 51, adjusting screw rod 52 is threadedly coupled with upper base plate 51, adjusts
The bottom end and support plate 53 for saving screw rod 52 are rotatablely connected, and cause adjusting screw rod 52 to move upward or downward by rotating adjusting screw rod 52
Dynamic, whole device can move, convenient to be finely adjusted to sampling depth, and the bottom end of adjusting screw rod 52 and the rotation of support plate 53 connect
The part connect is non-threaded bar, and support plate 53 is circular ring shape support plate, convenient for being fixed in soil surface;
Earth scraping device 8: earth scraping device 8 includes guide rod 81, scraper plate 82, linking arm 83 and mounting blocks 84, and linking arm 83 is equipped with
Two and the symmetrical side for being hinged on mounting blocks 84, the other end and scraper plate 82 of linking arm 83 are hinged, and scraper plate 82 is for scraping soil
Earth, guide rod 81 play guiding role to scraper plate 82, and be located at two lower sections for taking native hole 1, scraper plate 82 as in built-in cylinder 3
Bottom end be slidably connected with guide rod 81 by slide plate, when the decline of mounting blocks 84, linking arm 83 is started by the power of mounting blocks 84
Rotation, and scraper plate 82 is transmitted the force to, scraper plate 82 takes native hole 1 along the removal of guide rod 81, and earth scraping device 8 is opened;
Wherein: further including screw rod 9, mounting blocks 84 are placed in the bottom end of screw rod 9, and are rotated and connected by tapered roller bearing with screw rod 9
It connecing, the raising and decline of mounting blocks 84 are controlled by screw rod 9, and the top of screw rod 9 is connect with built-in cylinder 3, and screw rod 9 is equipped with screw thread,
Screw rod 9 is threadedly coupled with the top of built-in cylinder 3, and the raising and decline of mounting blocks 84 are controlled by turning screw rod 9, and accuracy is high,
And it is laborsaving, the top of screw rod 9 is equipped with turntable 10, convenient for rotating to screw rod 9.
When in use: under original state, native hole 1 is taken to be in close state, using limit pin shaft 13 be placed on pin shaft hole and
It is in through-hole, installing arm 11 and rotating arm 14 is fixed, it places a device into pre-drilled hole, and support plate 53 is tight in soil
Close fixation turns four adjusting screw rods, and upper base plate 51 is made to drive external 4 raising and lowering of cylinder, to section is highly finely adjusted, reaches
After height of sampling, limit pin shaft 13 is taken out, built-in 3 nine ten degree of cylinder is rotated using handle 12, makes that native hole 1 is taken to be overlapped, rotate turntable
10, drive screw rod 9 to rotate, and then mounting blocks 84 decline, linking arm 83 is started turning by the power of mounting blocks 84, and power is transmitted
To scraper plate 82, scraper plate 82 slides out along guide rod 81 takes native hole 1, and earth scraping device 8 is opened, and then proceedes to fix limit pin shaft
13, rotate built-in cylinder 3, external cylinder 4 and scraper plate 82 driven to be acquired the soil in soil layer, soil scraped after along taking soil
Hole 1 enters in sampler barrel 2, completes sampling.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of soil investigation samples mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it is characterised in that: including rotating cylinder (7), built-in cylinder
(3), supporting mechanism (5) and earth scraping device (8);
Rotating cylinder (7): the rotating cylinder (7) includes upper rotating cylinder (71) and lower rotating cylinder (72), the upper rotating cylinder (71) and lower rotating cylinder
(72) it is connected through a screw thread, is opened up on lower rotating cylinder (72) there are two taking native hole (1);
Built-in cylinder (3): the built-in cylinder (3) includes rotating cylinder (7) and sampler barrel (2), the sampler barrel (2) and lower rotating cylinder (72)
Bottom end be threadedly coupled;
External cylinder (4): the external cylinder (4) is located at the outside of built-in cylinder (3), and the structure of external cylinder (4) and rotating cylinder (7) phase
Together, on external cylinder (4) take native hole (1) position and built-in cylinder (3) side take native hole (1) size and location all the same, it is external
Cylinder (4) and built-in cylinder (3) are rotatablely connected;
Supporting mechanism (5): the supporting mechanism (5) is rotatably connected on the middle part of external cylinder (4);
Earth scraping device (8): the earth scraping device (8) includes guide rod (81), scraper plate (82), linking arm (83) and mounting blocks
(84), the linking arm (83) sets there are two and is symmetrically hinged on the sides of mounting blocks (84), the other end of linking arm (83) with
Hingedly, guide rod (81) is interior as built-in cylinder (3) for scraper plate (82), and is located at two lower sections for taking native hole (1), the bottom of scraper plate (82)
End is slidably connected by slide plate with guide rod (81);
Wherein: further including screw rod (9), the mounting blocks (84) are placed in the bottom end of screw rod (9), and are rolled with screw rod (9) by circular cone
Sub- bearing rotation connection, the top of screw rod (9) is connect with built-in cylinder (3).
2. a kind of soil investigation according to claim 1 samples mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it is characterised in that: institute
The bottom end for stating rotating cylinder (71) is equipped with female adapter, and top is equipped with through-hole, and one end of lower rotating cylinder (72) is equipped with female adapter,
The other end is equipped with male connection.
3. a kind of soil investigation according to claim 2 samples mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it is characterised in that: also
Including connecting cylinder (6), the connecting cylinder (6) includes male connection one (61) and expansion link (62), the male connection
One (61) are placed in one end of expansion link (62), and the other end of expansion link (62) is equipped with female adapter one, the male connection
One (61), female adapter one, female adapter are identical with the specification of male connection, and the expansion link (62) is located at upper rotating cylinder
(71) between lower rotating cylinder (72).
4. a kind of soil investigation according to claim 2 samples mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it is characterised in that: institute
The top for stating sampler barrel (2) is equipped with male connection (2), the female adapter of male connection (2) and lower rotating cylinder (72) end
It is threadedly coupled, the diameter of sampler barrel (2) is greater than the diameter of external cylinder (4).
5. a kind of soil investigation according to claim 1 samples mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating supporting mechanism (5) includes upper base plate (51), adjusting screw rod (52) and support plate (53), upper base plate (51) rotation connection
In on external cylinder (4), adjusting screw rod (52) is equipped with four groups, and array distribution is on upper base plate (51), adjusting screw rod (52) with it is upper
Seat board (51) is threadedly coupled, and the bottom end and support plate (53) of adjusting screw rod (52) are rotatablely connected.
6. a kind of soil investigation according to claim 5 samples mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it is characterised in that: institute
The part of the bottom end and support plate (53) rotation connection of stating adjusting screw rod (52) is non-threaded bar, and the support plate (53) is annulus
Shape support plate.
7. a kind of soil investigation according to claim 1 samples mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it is characterised in that: also
Including installing arm (11), the installing arm (11) is equipped with four groups, and is distributed in the top of built-in cylinder (3), the end of installing arm (11)
Portion is equipped with handle (12), and the installing arm (11) is equipped with pin shaft hole.
8. a kind of soil investigation according to claim 7 samples mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it is characterised in that: also
Including rotating arm (14), the rotating arm (14) is equipped with two groups, and is symmetrically distributed in the top of external cylinder (4), rotating arm (14)
Parallel with the position of installing arm (11), rotating arm (14) is equipped with through-hole corresponding with pin shaft hole.
9. a kind of soil investigation according to claim 8 samples mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it is characterised in that: also
Including limit pin shaft (13), pin shaft hole of the limit pin shaft (13) on the through-hole and installing arm (11) of rotating arm (14),
The top of limit pin shaft (13) is equipped with hexagon limited block.
10. a kind of soil investigation according to claim 1 samples mid-deep strata soil layering sampler, it is characterised in that:
The screw rod (9) is equipped with screw thread, and screw rod (9) is threadedly coupled with the top of built-in cylinder (3), the top installation of the screw rod (9)
There are turntable (10).
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CN111458181A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-28 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Layering soil sampling device for soil detection |
CN111811879A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-10-23 | 安徽云龙粮机有限公司 | Intelligent multi-point collecting tube for automatic sampler |
WO2021143390A1 (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-07-22 | 交大环境保护研究院(江苏)有限公司 | Deep soil stratified sampling device for soil investigation sampling |
CN114323766A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-12 | 赵新雷 | Layered sampling device for contaminated soil investigation |
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