CN111458181A

CN111458181A - Layering soil sampling device for soil detection

Info

Publication number: CN111458181A
Application number: CN202010468713.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈玉东; 晏井春; 刘臣炜; 杭小帅; 邢璐
Original assignee: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences MEE
Current assignee: Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences MEE
Priority date: 2020-05-28
Filing date: 2020-05-28
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-28
Also published as: CN111458181B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of soil sampling devices for soil detection, in particular to a layered soil sampling device for soil detection, which comprises a sampling structure, a treading pressing plate, a telescopic structure, a driving structure, a transmission structure, a guide structure and a cleaning structure, wherein the sampling structure is arranged on the sampling structure; the sampling structure for taking the soil is provided with a telescopic structure for adjusting the sampling depth, so that the distance between the sampling structure and the tread pressing plate can be conveniently adjusted through the telescopic structure, the sampling depth of the soil can be conveniently and rapidly adjusted, and the soil at different depths in the same position can be conveniently sampled; sliding connection between clearance structure and the sample structure, and then be convenient for drive the preliminary shovel of the earth of clearance structure to the lateral wall in the sample structure through transmission structure, the effectual earth that prevents the lateral wall of sample structure influences the accuracy of sample, then through the clearance structure with the complete clearance of the earth of the inside of sample structure, simultaneously the effectual earth that prevents bonds on the clearance structure, and then improved the sampling efficiency and the quality of earth sample greatly.

Description

Layering soil sampling device for soil detection

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of soil sampling devices for soil detection, in particular to a layered soil sampling device for soil detection.

Background

The soil is a layer of loose substances on the earth surface, is composed of various granular mineral substances, organic substances, water, air, microorganisms and the like, and can grow plants; the soil is composed of mineral substances formed by weathering of rocks, animals and plants, organic matters generated by decay of microbial residues, soil organisms (solid-phase substances), water (liquid-phase substances), air (gas-phase substances), oxidized humus and the like; soil sampling refers to a method for collecting soil samples, then detecting the collected soil, and then treating the soil in time according to the collected soil data.

However, when gathering the lower soil of hardness, traditional method adopts the mode of excavation to gather, the earth of the excavation different degree of depth is saved respectively in the sampling tube of difference, the operational flexibility is poor, the excavation in-process causes the earth on upper strata easily to fall into the bottom, influence the collection quality of sample, and be not convenient for accurate, quick soil to the different degree of depth of same position is sampled, the excavation scope can be great, can destroy the vegetation near excavation, and when the earth stickness is great, bond easily on the excavation instrument, it is convenient and fast inadequately to clear up the instrument.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a layered soil sampling device for soil detection.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a layered soil sampling device for soil detection comprises a sampling structure, a treading pressing plate, a telescopic structure, a driving structure, a transmission structure, a guide structure and a cleaning structure; the sampling structure for layered sampling is provided with the telescopic structure for adjusting the sampling depth, the telescopic structure is connected with the sampling structure through bolts, and the telescopic structure is provided with the stepping plate; the telescopic structure is provided with two driving structures, the driving structures are connected with the transmission structure on the sampling structure, and the transmission structure and the telescopic structure are arranged at the same end of the sampling structure; the transmission structure is connected with the cleaning structure for cleaning the sampling structure, and the cleaning structure is arranged in the sampling structure; the treading pressing plate is provided with the guide structure for guiding the driving structure.

Specifically, sample structure is including borrowing bucket and roof, extending structure with drive structure locates the same one end of roof, the roof deviates from extending structure's one end is equipped with the annular structure that bottom and lateral wall do not seal and is used for sampling earth borrowing bucket, it deviates from to borrow the bucket the cross-section of extending structure's one end is right angled triangle.

Specifically, extending structure includes two handles, sleeve, lead screw, first slide bar and spacing groove, first slide bar is located the roof deviates from the one end of bucket of fetching earth, first slide bar with bolted connection between the roof, the symmetry is equipped with two arc structures on the first slide bar the spacing groove, the sleeve with sliding connection between the first slide bar, the sleeve with sliding connection between the spacing groove, lead screw through connection in the sleeve with first slide bar, the lead screw with rotate between the sleeve and be connected, the lead screw with threaded connection between the first slide bar, the sleeve deviates from the one end symmetry of roof is equipped with two the handle, it is fixed in to step on the clamp plate the sleeve.

Specifically, the drive structure includes that two are accomodate cover, trachea, briquetting, drive plate, pivot and first reset spring, be equipped with two on the sleeve accomodate the cover, the briquetting with accomodate sliding connection between the cover, the briquetting with accomodate and be equipped with between the cover first reset spring, the trachea is fixed in accomodate the lateral wall of cover, the trachea with accomodate the cover with the cavity that holds between the briquetting switches on, pivot through connection in the drive plate with the sleeve, the drive plate passes through the pivot with rotate between the sleeve and connect, the pivot is located the third department of drive plate, the drive plate with the briquetting is contradicted, every the bottom of briquetting is equipped with one the drive plate.

Specifically, transmission structure includes two sliding sleeves, second slide bar and piston, two the sliding sleeve with first slide bar is located the same one end of roof, the second slide bar with sliding connection between the sliding sleeve, two the trachea is fixed in two respectively the sliding sleeve, the trachea with the sliding sleeve switches on, the second slide bar orientation tracheal one end is equipped with the piston, the piston with sliding connection between the sliding sleeve, the second slide bar deviates from the one end of piston is equipped with clearance structure.

Specifically, guide structure includes leading wheel and through-hole, step on be equipped with on the clamp plate two with the sliding sleeve one-to-one the through-hole, the trachea run through in the through-hole, every be equipped with in the through-hole two with step on the clamp plate and rotate and be connected the leading wheel, tracheal both sides are equipped with two the leading wheel, the diameter of leading wheel reduces from both ends to the centre gradually, the leading wheel with roll connection between the trachea.

Specifically, the cleaning structure comprises a second reset spring, a spring plate, a first cleaning block, a scraper and a second cleaning block, one ends of the two second sliding rods, which are far away from the piston, are respectively fixed on the first cleaning block and the second cleaning block, the first cleaning block and the second cleaning block are connected with the soil sampling barrel in a sliding way, the thickness of the end part of the second cleaning block is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends, the opposite ends of the cross sections of the first cleaning block and the second cleaning block are triangular, the first cleaning block and the second cleaning block are interfered with each other, one end of the second cleaning block facing the first cleaning block is provided with the scraping plate with the cross section being a right triangle, one end of the first cleaning block, which is far away from the top plate, is provided with the elastic sheet with an arc-shaped structure, and the second reset spring is arranged between the elastic sheet and the first cleaning block.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the layered soil sampling device for soil detection is characterized in that a telescopic structure for adjusting the sampling depth is arranged on a sampling structure for soil sampling, so that the distance between the sampling structure and a tread plate can be conveniently adjusted through the telescopic structure, the sampling depth of soil can be conveniently and rapidly adjusted, the sampling of the soil at different depths at the same position can be conveniently performed, and the sampling quality and efficiency of soil samples are improved, namely: firstly, a handle is held, then a foot is used for treading on a treading plate, a soil taking barrel is positioned through the handle matched with a sleeve and a first sliding rod of the sleeve, the soil taking barrel is in a vertical state, so that soil at different depths can be conveniently sampled, the sleeve is driven by the treading plate to drive the sleeve, the first sliding rod drives a top plate to drive the soil taking barrel to be inserted into the soil, the soil is accommodated in the soil taking barrel, the cross section of one end of the soil taking barrel, which is far away from the top plate, is triangular, so that the soil taking barrel has a guiding function, the soil taking barrel is convenient to be inserted into the soil, meanwhile, the side wall of the soil taking barrel is not sealed, so that after the soil taking barrel and the sampled soil are taken out of the ground, soil samples at different depths are gradually taken from the side wall of the soil taking barrel, the soil taking barrel is adopted for sampling, vegetation near the sampling is prevented from being influenced by, after the sample collection that is close to ground is accomplished, rotate the lead screw, the first slide bar of lead screw thread drive slides with the sleeve, and then the gradual distance that the clamp plate was stepped on to the regulation bucket distance of fetching earth, when stepping on the clamp plate at every turn and contacting the ground surface, step on the clamp plate and carry on spacingly to the depth of fetching earth of the bucket of fetching earth, and then be convenient for sample the earth of the different degree of depth of same position.

(2) According to the layered soil sampling device for soil detection, the driving structure is connected to the telescopic structure, the driving structure is communicated with the transmission structure on the sampling structure, and the transmission structure is connected to the cleaning structure, so that the driving structure is used for driving the transmission structure to push the cleaning structure to slide in the sampling structure, the soil is effectively prevented from being bonded in the sampling structure, and the sampling effect is better, namely: when the inside earth of bucket is got to needs clearance, step on and press the drive plate, the third department of drive plate is located in the pivot, and then make the drive more laborsaving, the drive plate revolutes the rotation of axes, the drive plate conflict briquetting, sliding connection between briquetting and the storage cover, first reset spring shrink, the briquetting reduces with the cavity that holds between the storage cover, and then make the inside of gaseous process trachea entering sliding sleeve, the gas drive piston promotes to slide between second slide bar and the sliding sleeve, slide between second slide bar and the sliding sleeve and then drive clearance structure and get and slide between the bucket, and then effectually prevent that earth from bonding on the bucket of getting earth, and then the quality and the efficiency of sampling have been improved.

(3) According to the layered soil sampling device for soil detection, two guide wheels in rolling connection are arranged on two sides of each air pipe, so that when the position between the treading plate and the sliding sleeve is changed, the air pipes drive the guide wheels and the treading plate to rotate, the air pipes are effectively prevented from being in contact with the treading plate to cause abrasion, the diameter of each guide wheel is gradually reduced from two ends to the middle, the air pipes are effectively prevented from slipping, when the soil at different depths is sampled, the air pipes cannot be influenced, and the stability of the air pipes is better.

(4) According to the layered soil sampling device for soil detection, the cleaning structure is connected with the sampling structure in a sliding mode, the cleaning structure is connected with the transmission structure, so that the cleaning structure is driven to primarily remove soil on the side wall of the sampling structure through the transmission structure, the soil on the side wall of the sampling structure is effectively prevented from influencing the sampling accuracy, then the soil in the sampling structure is completely cleaned through the cleaning structure, meanwhile, the soil is effectively prevented from being adhered to the cleaning structure, and the sampling efficiency and the quality of a soil sample are greatly improved, namely: after the soil taking barrel is taken out after soil is collected, the end part of the soil taking barrel faces the ground, the soil in the soil taking barrel is effectively prevented from falling off, then a driving plate related to the second cleaning block is stepped on and pressed, the driving plate rotates around the rotating shaft, the driving plate is abutted against the pressing block, the pressing block is in sliding connection with the containing sleeve, the first reset spring is contracted, a containing cavity between the pressing block and the containing sleeve is reduced, so that gas enters the inside of the sliding sleeve through the gas pipe, the gas driving piston pushes the second sliding rod to slide with the sliding sleeve, the second sliding rod slides with the sliding sleeve so as to drive the second cleaning block to slide with the soil taking barrel, so that the scraping plate scrapes off the soil at the end, which is not sealed, of the side wall in the soil taking barrel, the thickness of the end part of the second cleaning block is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends, so that the guiding effect is realized on the soil, the soil scraped, the sampling quality is influenced by the doping of soil, then a driving plate related to the second cleaning block is loosened, the first reset spring is extended to drive the pressing block to rotate the driving plate around the rotating shaft so as to reset the driving plate, meanwhile, a containing cavity in the containing sleeve is enlarged, air enters the containing sleeve from the air pipe under the action of atmospheric pressure so as to slide between a second sliding rod connected to the second cleaning block and the sliding sleeve to drive the second cleaning block to reset, then one driving plate related to the first cleaning block is stepped on, the driving plate rotates around the rotating shaft and is abutted against the pressing block, the pressing block is in sliding connection with the containing sleeve, the first reset spring is contracted, the containing cavity between the pressing block and the containing sleeve is reduced, so that air enters the inside of the sliding sleeve through the air pipe, the air drive piston pushes the second sliding rod to slide between the sliding sleeve, the second sliding rod slides between the sliding sleeve so as to drive the first cleaning block to, the first cleaning block is abutted against the second cleaning block, so that the first cleaning block is matched with the second cleaning block to scrape off the soil in the soil taking barrel, when the first cleaning block is abutted against the second cleaning block, can drive the transmission structure and the driving structure which are related to the second cleaning block to work, is convenient for resetting the first cleaning block after the use is finished, meanwhile, after the soil is preliminarily cleaned by the second cleaning block, the soil in the soil taking barrel is relatively reduced, thereby the soil is more convenient to be discharged from the soil taking barrel, when the first cleaning block is pressed against the soil, the elastic sheet of the arc structure is compressed and deformed, the second return spring is compressed, after earth is discharged from the earth taking barrel completely, when the second reset spring extends, the elastic piece is matched with the elastic action of the second reset spring under the action of self reset force, so that the elastic piece shakes, silt is effectively prevented from being bonded on the elastic piece, and the cleaning effect of the earth is better.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a layered soil sampling device for soil detection according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving structure shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the portion B shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a connection structure between the sampling structure and the telescopic structure shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the portion C shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a connecting structure of the squeegee and the second cleaning block shown in FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the portion D shown in fig. 5.

In the figure: 1. sampling structure, 11, the bucket of fetching earth, 12, the roof, 2, step on the clamp plate, 3, extending structure, 31, the handle, 32, the sleeve, 33, the lead screw, 34, first slide bar, 35, the spacing groove, 4, drive structure, 41, accomodate the cover, 42, the trachea, 43, the briquetting, 44, the drive plate, 45, the pivot, 46, first reset spring, 5, transmission structure, 51, the sliding sleeve, 52, the second slide bar, 53, the piston, 6, guide structure, 61, the leading wheel, 62, the through-hole, 7, clearance structure, 71, the second reset spring, 72, the shell fragment, 73, first cleaning block, 74, the scraper blade, 75, the second cleaning block.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1-8, the layered soil sampling device for soil detection according to the present invention includes a sampling structure 1, a tread plate 2, a telescopic structure 3, a driving structure 4, a transmission structure 5, a guiding structure 6, and a cleaning structure 7; the sampling structure 1 for layered sampling is provided with the telescopic structure 3 for adjusting the sampling depth, the telescopic structure 3 is connected with the sampling structure 1 through bolts, and the telescopic structure 3 is provided with the treading plate 2; the telescopic structure 3 is provided with two driving structures 4, the driving structures 4 are connected with the transmission structure 5 on the sampling structure 1, and the transmission structure 5 and the telescopic structure 3 are arranged at the same end of the sampling structure 1; the transmission structure 5 is connected to the cleaning structure 7 for cleaning the sampling structure 1, and the cleaning structure 7 is arranged in the sampling structure 1; the treading plate 2 is provided with the guide structure 6 for guiding the driving structure 4.

Specifically, sample structure 1 is including getting native bucket 11 and roof 12, extending structure 3 with drive structure 5 locates roof 12 with the end, roof 12 deviates from extending structure 3's one end is equipped with the annular structure that bottom and lateral wall do not seal and is used for sampling earth get native bucket 11, it deviates from to get native bucket 11 the cross-section of extending structure 3's one end is right angled triangle.

Specifically, the telescopic structure 3 includes two handles 31, a sleeve 32, a screw rod 33, a first slide rod 34 and a limiting groove 35, the first slide rod 34 is disposed at one end of the top plate 12 away from the soil sampling barrel 11, the first slide rod 34 is connected with the top plate 12 through a bolt, the limiting grooves 35 of two arc structures are symmetrically disposed on the first slide rod 34, the sleeve 32 is connected with the first slide rod 34 in a sliding manner, the sleeve 32 is connected with the limiting groove 35 in a sliding manner, the screw rod 33 is connected with the sleeve 32 and the first slide rod 34 in a penetrating manner, the screw rod 33 is connected with the sleeve 32 in a rotating manner, the screw rod 33 is connected with the first slide rod 34 in a threaded manner, the two handles 31 are symmetrically disposed at one end of the sleeve 32 away from the top plate 12, and the treading plate 2 is fixed on the sleeve 32; used for fetching earth be equipped with on the sample structure 1 and be used for adjusting the sample depth extending structure 3, and then be convenient for pass through extending structure 3 is adjusted sample structure 1 distance step on the distance between the clamp plate 2, the quick sample depth of regulation earth of being convenient for, and then be convenient for take a sample to the earth of the different degree of depth of same position, improved the quality and the efficiency of earth sample sampling, promptly: firstly hold the handle 31, then use the foot to step on the clamp plate 2, through the handle 31 cooperation the sleeve 32 and the first slide bar 34 is right get native bucket 11 and advance line location, make get native bucket 11 and be in vertical state, and then be convenient for sample the earth of the different degree of depth, step on clamp plate 2 drive the sleeve 32, make the sleeve 32 drive first slide bar 34, first slide bar 34 drives roof 12 drive get native bucket 11 and insert in earth, make earth accomodate in getting native bucket 11, get native bucket 11 and deviate from the cross-section of the one end of roof 12 is triangle-shaped, and then to get native bucket 11 have the guide effect, be convenient for get in native bucket 11 inserts in earth, simultaneously the lateral wall of getting native bucket 11 does not seal, and then be convenient for after earth of getting native bucket 11 and sampling takes out ground, follow the progressively different degree of depth sample of taking of lateral wall of native bucket 11, adopt 11 samplings of the bucket of fetching earth have avoided excavating near the vegetation of ground influence sampling in a large number, have avoided the earth doping of the different degree of depth to influence the sample quality simultaneously, and after the sample collection that is close to ground was accomplished, rotate lead screw 33, lead screw 33 screw drive first slide bar 34 with sleeve 32 slides, and then gradual regulation 11 distances of fetching earth bucket step on the distance of clamp plate 2, when every step on 2 contact surfaces of clamp plate, it is right to step on clamp plate 2 the depth of fetching earth of the bucket of fetching earth 11 carries on spacingly, and then is convenient for sample the earth of the different degree of depth of same position.

Specifically, the driving structure 4 comprises two receiving sleeves 41, an air pipe 42, a pressing block 43, a driving plate 44, a rotating shaft 45 and a first return spring 46, the sleeve 32 is provided with two containing sleeves 41, the pressing block 43 is connected with the containing sleeves 41 in a sliding way, the first return spring 46 is arranged between the pressing block 43 and the receiving sleeve 41, the air pipe 42 is fixed on the side wall of the receiving sleeve 41, the air tube 42 is communicated with the accommodating cavity between the accommodating sleeve 41 and the pressing block 43, the rotating shaft 45 is connected to the driving plate 44 and the sleeve 32 in a penetrating way, the driving plate 44 is connected with the sleeve 32 through the rotating shaft 45 in a rotating way, the rotating shaft 45 is arranged at one third of the driving plate 44, the driving plate 44 abuts against the pressing blocks 43, and one driving plate 44 is arranged at the bottom end of each pressing block 43.

Specifically, the transmission structure 5 includes two sliding sleeves 51, a second sliding rod 52 and a piston 53, the two sliding sleeves 51 and the first sliding rod 34 are disposed at the same end of the top plate 12, the second sliding rod 52 is slidably connected with the sliding sleeves 51, the two air pipes 42 are respectively fixed to the two sliding sleeves 51, the air pipes 42 are communicated with the sliding sleeves 51, the piston 53 is disposed at one end of the second sliding rod 52 facing the air pipes 42, the piston 53 is slidably connected with the sliding sleeves 51, and the cleaning structure 7 is disposed at one end of the second sliding rod 52 facing away from the piston 53; drive structure 4 connect in extending structure 3, drive structure 4 with on the sample structure 1 transmission structure 5 switches on, just transmission structure 5 connect in clearance structure 7, and then be convenient for pass through drive structure 4 drive transmission structure 5 promotes clearance structure 7 is in the inside of sample structure 1 slides, and the effectual earth that prevents is in the inside of sample structure 1 bonds, and then makes the effect of sample better, promptly: when the soil in the soil taking barrel 11 needs to be cleaned, the driving plate 44 is pressed, the rotating shaft 45 is arranged at one third of the driving plate 44, thereby saving more labor in driving, the driving plate 44 rotates around the rotating shaft 45, the driving plate 44 abuts against the pressing block 43, the pressing block 43 is connected with the containing sleeve 41 in a sliding way, the first return spring 46 contracts, the containing cavity between the pressing block 43 and the containing sleeve 41 is reduced, so that the gas enters the interior of the sliding sleeve 51 through the gas pipe 42, the gas drives the piston 53 to push the second sliding rod 52 and the sliding sleeve 51 to slide, the second sliding rod 52 slides with the sliding sleeve 51 to drive the cleaning structure 7 to slide with the soil sampling barrel 11, and then the effectual earth that prevents bonds on getting native bucket 11, and then has improved the quality and the efficiency of sampling.

Specifically, the guide structure 6 includes guide wheels 61 and through holes 62, two through holes 62 corresponding to the sliding sleeves 51 one by one are provided on the treading plate 2, the air tube 42 penetrates through the through holes 62, two guide wheels 61 rotatably connected with the treading plate 2 are provided in each through hole 62, two guide wheels 61 are provided on two sides of the air tube 42, the diameter of the guide wheels 61 is gradually reduced from two ends to the middle, and the guide wheels 61 are in rolling connection with the air tube 42; every trachea 42's both sides all are equipped with two roll connection leading wheel 61, and then are in step on clamp plate 2 with when position changes between the sliding sleeve 51, trachea 42 drive leading wheel 61 with step on and rotate between the clamp plate 2, and then effectually prevent trachea 42 contact step on clamp plate 2 and cause wearing and tearing, simultaneously the diameter of leading wheel 61 reduces from both ends to the centre gradually, and then effectually prevents trachea 42 slippage makes when sampling the earth of the different degree of depth, can not influence trachea 42, and then makes trachea 42's stability can be better.

Specifically, the cleaning structure 7 includes a second return spring 71, a spring plate 72, a first cleaning block 73, a scraper 74 and a second cleaning block 75, one end of each of the two second sliding rods 52 facing away from the piston 53 is fixed to the first cleaning block 73 and the second cleaning block 75, the first cleaning block 73 and the second cleaning block 75 are connected with the soil sampling barrel 11 in a sliding manner, the thickness of the end portion of the second cleaning block 75 is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends, the opposite ends of the cross sections of the first cleaning block 73 and the second cleaning block 75 are both triangular, the first cleaning block 73 and the second cleaning block 75 are abutted against each other, the scraper 74 with the cross section being a right triangle is arranged at one end of the second cleaning block 75 facing the first cleaning block 73, the spring plate 72 with an arc structure is arranged at one end of the first cleaning block 73 facing away from the top plate 12, the second return spring 71 is arranged between the elastic sheet 72 and the first cleaning block 73; clearance structure 7 with sliding connection between the sample structure 1, just clearance structure 7 connect in transmission structure 5, and then be convenient for pass through transmission structure 5 drive clearance structure 7 is right the preliminary shovel of the earth of the lateral wall in the sample structure 1 is removed, effectually prevents the accuracy of sample is influenced to the earth of the lateral wall of sample structure 1, then passes through clearance structure 7 will the complete clearance of the earth of the inside of sample structure 1, simultaneously effectually prevent that earth is in bond on the clearance structure 7, and then improved the sampling efficiency and the quality of earth sample greatly, promptly: after the soil taking barrel 11 collects soil, the end of the soil taking barrel 11 faces the ground, so as to effectively prevent the soil in the soil taking barrel 11 from falling, and then one of the drive plates 44 related to the second cleaning block 75 is stepped on, the drive plate 44 rotates around the rotating shaft 45, the drive plate 44 abuts against the press block 43, the press block 43 is in sliding connection with the accommodating sleeve 41, the first return spring 46 contracts, the accommodating cavity between the press block 43 and the accommodating sleeve 41 is reduced, so that gas enters the inside of the sliding sleeve 51 through the gas pipe 42, the piston 53 is driven by gas to push the second sliding rod 52 and the sliding sleeve 51 to slide, the second sliding rod 52 and the sliding sleeve 51 slide to drive the second cleaning block 75 and the soil taking barrel 11 to slide, so that the scraper 74 scrapes off the soil at one end of the side wall of the soil taking barrel 11, which is not sealed, the thickness of the end of the second cleaning block 75 is gradually reduced from the middle to the two ends, so as to have a guiding effect on the soil, the soil scraped by the scraper 74 is discharged out of the soil sampling barrel 11, so as to effectively prevent the sidewall of the soil sampling barrel 11 from being unsealed, the soil is doped to affect the sampling quality, then the driving plate 44 related to the second cleaning block 75 is loosened, the first return spring 46 is extended to drive the pressing block 43 to drive the driving plate 44 to rotate around the rotating shaft 45, so that the driving plate 44 is reset, meanwhile, the accommodating cavity inside the accommodating sleeve 41 is increased, under the action of atmospheric pressure, air enters the accommodating sleeve 41 from the air pipe 42, so that the second sliding rod 52 connected to the second cleaning block 75 slides between the sliding sleeve 51 to drive the second cleaning block 75 to reset, then, one of the driving plates 44 related to the first cleaning block 73 is pressed, the driving plate 44 rotates around the rotating shaft 45, the driving plate 44 abuts against the pressing block 43, the pressing block 43 is slidably connected with the accommodating sleeve 41, the first return spring 46 contracts, the accommodating cavity between the pressing block 43 and the accommodating sleeve 41 is reduced, so that gas enters the inside of the sliding sleeve 51 through the gas pipe 42, the piston 53 is driven by the gas to push the second sliding rod 52 to slide with the sliding sleeve 51, the second sliding rod 52 slides with the sliding sleeve 51 to further drive the first cleaning block 73 to slide with the soil sampling barrel 11, the first cleaning block 73 abuts against the second cleaning block 75, so that the first cleaning block 73 cooperates with the second cleaning block 75 to scrape off soil in the soil sampling barrel 11, and when the first cleaning block 73 abuts against the second cleaning block 75, the transmission structure 5 and the driving structure 4 associated with the second cleaning block 75 are driven to work, so as to reset the first cleaning block 73 after the use is finished, meanwhile, after the soil is primarily cleaned by the second cleaning block 75, the soil in the soil taking barrel 11 is relatively reduced, thereby making it easier to discharge soil from the soil-taking tub 11, when the first cleaning block 73 collides against the soil, the elastic sheet 72 of the arc structure is compressed and deformed, the second return spring 71 is compressed, when the soil is completely discharged from the soil-taking barrel 11, the second return spring 71 is extended, the elastic sheet 72 is matched with the elastic force of the second return spring 71 under the action of the self-return force to enable the elastic sheet 72 to shake, and then the effectual silt that prevents bonds on the shell fragment 72, and then makes the clean effect of earth better.

When the device is used, firstly, the handle 31 is held by hand, then the foot is used for treading on the treading plate 2, the soil taking barrel 11 is positioned by matching the handle 31 with the sleeve 32 and the first slide bar 34 thereof, so that the soil taking barrel 11 is in a vertical state, and further, soil at different depths is conveniently sampled, the treading plate 2 drives the sleeve 32, so that the sleeve 32 drives the first slide bar 34, the first slide bar 34 drives the top plate 12 to drive the soil taking barrel 11 to be inserted into the soil, the soil is accommodated in the soil taking barrel 11, the cross section of one end of the soil taking barrel 11, which is far away from the top plate 12, is triangular, so that the soil taking barrel 11 has a guiding function, the soil taking barrel 11 is conveniently inserted into the soil, meanwhile, the side wall of the soil taking barrel 11 is not sealed, and further, after the soil taking barrel 11 and the sampled soil are taken out of the ground, soil samples at different depths are gradually taken from the side wall of the soil taking barrel 11, sampling, meanwhile, the sampling quality of samples is prevented from being influenced by the doping of the soil at different depths, after the samples close to the ground are collected, the screw rod 33 is rotated, the screw rod 33 drives the first slide rod 34 and the sleeve 32 to slide in a threaded manner, the distance between the soil sampling barrel 11 and the tread plate 2 is gradually adjusted, two guide wheels 61 in rolling connection are arranged on two sides of each air pipe 42, when the position between the tread plate 2 and the sliding sleeve 51 is changed, the air pipe 42 drives the guide wheels 61 and the tread plate 2 to rotate, the air pipe 42 is effectively prevented from being in contact with the tread plate 2 to cause abrasion, the diameter of the guide wheels 61 is gradually reduced from two ends to the middle, the air pipe 42 is effectively prevented from slipping, the air pipe 42 is not influenced when the soil at different depths are sampled, the stability of the air pipe 42 is further improved, when the tread plate 2 collides with the ground each time, the pressure plate 2 limits the soil sampling depth of the, so that the sampling of the soil with different depths at the same position is facilitated; after the soil taking barrel 11 collects soil and is taken out, the end part of the soil taking barrel 11 faces the ground, the soil in the soil taking barrel 11 is effectively prevented from falling off, then a driving plate 44 related to the second cleaning block 75 is stepped on and pressed, the driving plate 44 rotates around a rotating shaft 45, the driving plate 44 is abutted against a pressing block 43, the pressing block 43 is in sliding connection with a containing sleeve 41, a first return spring 46 contracts, a containing cavity between the pressing block 43 and the containing sleeve 41 is reduced, so that gas enters the inside of a sliding sleeve 51 through a gas pipe 42, a gas driving piston 53 pushes the second sliding rod 52 to slide between the sliding sleeve 51, the second sliding rod 52 slides between the sliding sleeve 51 so as to drive the second cleaning block 75 and slide between the soil taking barrel 11, a scraper 74 scrapes off the soil at the end, which is not sealed, of the side wall of the soil taking barrel 11, the thickness of the end part of the second cleaning block 75 is gradually reduced from the middle to two, soil scraped by the scraper 74 conveniently exits the soil taking barrel 11, so that the condition that the side wall of the soil taking barrel 11 is unsealed and soil is mixed to affect the sampling quality is effectively prevented, then the driving plate 44 related to the second cleaning block 75 is loosened, the first return spring 46 extends to drive the pressing block 43 to enable the driving plate 44 to rotate around the rotating shaft 45, the driving plate 44 is reset, meanwhile, the accommodating cavity in the accommodating sleeve 41 is enlarged, air enters the accommodating sleeve 41 from the air pipe 42 under the action of atmospheric pressure, further, the second sliding rod 52 connected to the second cleaning block 75 slides between the sliding sleeve 51 and the driving plate 44, the second cleaning block 75 is driven to reset, then, one driving plate 44 related to the first cleaning block 73 is pressed, the driving plate 44 rotates around the rotating shaft 45, the driving plate 44 abuts against the pressing block 43, the pressing block 43 is in sliding connection with the accommodating sleeve 41, the first return spring 46 is contracted, the accommodating cavity between the pressing block 43 and the, further, air enters the inside of the sliding sleeve 51 through the air pipe 42, the air driving piston 53 pushes the second sliding rod 52 and the sliding sleeve 51 to slide, the second sliding rod 52 and the sliding sleeve 51 slide to drive the first cleaning block 73 and the soil sampling barrel 11 to slide, the first cleaning block 73 is abutted against the second cleaning block 75, the first cleaning block 73 is matched with the second cleaning block 75 to scrape off soil in the soil sampling barrel 11, when the first cleaning block 73 is abutted against the second cleaning block 75, the transmission structure 5 and the driving structure 4 related to the second cleaning block 75 are driven to work, so that the first cleaning block 73 is reset after use, simultaneously, after the soil is preliminarily cleaned by the second cleaning block 75, the soil in the soil sampling barrel 11 is relatively reduced, further, the soil is more conveniently discharged from the soil sampling barrel 11, when the soil of the first cleaning block 73 is used, the elastic sheet 72 of the arc structure is compressed and deformed, the second reset spring 71 is compressed, after earth is discharged from the earth taking barrel 11 completely, when the second return spring 71 extends, the elastic sheet 72 is matched with the elastic force of the second return spring 71 under the action of the self return force to shake the elastic sheet 72, so that silt is effectively prevented from being bonded on the elastic sheet 72, and the cleaning effect of the earth is better.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the embodiments and descriptions given above are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a soil detection is with layering device of fetching earth which characterized in that: comprises a sampling structure (1), a treading pressing plate (2), a telescopic structure (3), a driving structure (4), a transmission structure (5), a guide structure (6) and a cleaning structure (7); the sampling structure (1) for layered sampling is provided with the telescopic structure (3) for adjusting the sampling depth, the telescopic structure (3) is connected with the sampling structure (1) through bolts, and the telescopic structure (3) is provided with the treading plate (2); the telescopic structure (3) is provided with two driving structures (4), the driving structures (4) are connected with the transmission structure (5) on the sampling structure (1), and the transmission structure (5) and the telescopic structure (3) are arranged at the same end of the sampling structure (1); the transmission structure (5) is connected with the cleaning structure (7) for cleaning the sampling structure (1), and the cleaning structure (7) is arranged in the sampling structure (1); the treading pressing plate (2) is provided with the guide structure (6) for guiding the driving structure (4).

2. The layered soil sampling device for soil detection according to claim 1, wherein: sample structure (1) is including borrowing bucket (11) and roof (12), extending structure (3) with drive structure (5) are located the same one end of roof (12), roof (12) deviate from the annular structure's that the one end of extending structure (3) is equipped with the bottom and the lateral wall does not seal is used for sampling earth borrowing bucket (11), borrowing bucket (11) deviate from the cross-section of the one end of extending structure (3) is right angled triangle.

3. The layered soil sampling device for soil detection according to claim 2, wherein: the telescopic structure (3) comprises two handles (31), a sleeve (32), a screw rod (33), a first sliding rod (34) and a limiting groove (35), the first sliding rod (34) is arranged at one end of the top plate (12) deviating from the soil sampling barrel (11), the first sliding rod (34) is connected with the top plate (12) through a bolt, the first sliding rod (34) is symmetrically provided with the limiting groove (35) with two arc-shaped structures, the sleeve (32) is connected with the first sliding rod (34) through a sliding way, the sleeve (32) is connected with the limiting groove (35) through a sliding way, the screw rod (33) is connected with the sleeve (32) through a rotating way, the screw rod (33) is connected with the first sliding rod (34) through a threaded way, the sleeve (32) deviates from one end of the top plate (12) and is symmetrically provided with the two handles (31), the treading pressing plate (2) is fixed on the sleeve (32).

4. The layered soil sampling device for soil detection according to claim 3, wherein: the driving structure (4) comprises two containing sleeves (41), an air pipe (42), a pressing block (43), a driving plate (44), a rotating shaft (45) and a first return spring (46), the two containing sleeves (41) are arranged on the sleeve (32), the pressing block (43) is in sliding connection with the containing sleeves (41), the first return spring (46) is arranged between the pressing block (43) and the containing sleeves (41), the air pipe (42) is fixed on the side wall of the containing sleeves (41), the air pipe (42) is communicated with a containing cavity between the containing sleeves (41) and the pressing block (43), the rotating shaft (45) is in penetrating connection with the driving plate (44) and the sleeve (32), the driving plate (44) is in rotating connection with the sleeve (32) through the rotating shaft (45), and the rotating shaft (45) is arranged at one third of the driving plate (44), the driving plate (44) is abutted against the pressing blocks (43), and the driving plate (44) is arranged at the bottom end of each pressing block (43).

5. The layered soil sampling device for soil detection according to claim 4, wherein: drive structure (5) include two sliding sleeves (51), second slide bar (52) and piston (53), two sliding sleeve (51) with first slide bar (34) are located the same one end of roof (12), second slide bar (52) with sliding connection between sliding sleeve (51), two trachea (42) are fixed in two respectively sliding sleeve (51), trachea (42) with sliding sleeve (51) switch on, second slide bar (52) orientation the one end of trachea (42) is equipped with piston (53), piston (53) with sliding connection between sliding sleeve (51), second slide bar (52) deviate from the one end of piston (53) is equipped with clearance structure (7).

6. The layered soil sampling device for soil detection according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: guide structure (6) include leading wheel (61) and through-hole (62), step on be equipped with on clamp plate (2) two with sliding sleeve (51) one-to-one through-hole (62), trachea (42) run through in through-hole (62), every be equipped with in through-hole (62) two with step on clamp plate (2) and rotate and connect leading wheel (61), the both sides of trachea (42) are equipped with two leading wheel (61), the diameter of leading wheel (61) reduces from both ends to the centre gradually, leading wheel (61) with roll connection between trachea (42).

7. The layered soil sampling device for soil detection according to claim 5, wherein: the cleaning structure (7) comprises a second return spring (71), an elastic sheet (72), a first cleaning block (73), a scraper (74) and a second cleaning block (75), one end of each of the two second sliding rods (52) departing from the piston (53) is fixed to the first cleaning block (73) and the second cleaning block (75) respectively, the first cleaning block (73) and the second cleaning block (75) are connected with the soil taking barrel (11) in a sliding mode, the thickness of the end portion of the second cleaning block (75) is gradually reduced from the middle to two ends, opposite ends of the cross sections of the first cleaning block (73) and the second cleaning block (75) are both triangular, the first cleaning block (73) and the second cleaning block (75) are abutted, the scraper (74) with a right-angled triangle cross section is arranged at one end, facing the first cleaning block (73), of the second cleaning block (75), one end, deviating from the top plate (12), of the first cleaning block (73) is provided with the elastic sheet (72) of an arc-shaped structure, and the second return spring (71) is arranged between the elastic sheet (72) and the first cleaning block (73).