CN110310368A - A Method of Making Soil Condition Thematic Map Based on Mapgis - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图制作方法，首先，根据实验地块范围确定校正点，并利用CASS软件将其生成参考点文件，校正卫星遥感影像图；然后，采集实验地块的边缘点坐标数据，利用Mapgis软件绘制实验地块的面状矢量图；接着，编辑面状矢量图层的属性结构，并根据实地采集的土壤属性数据建立相应的属性字段，进而建立土壤状况专题图的属性数据库；最后，在Mapgis中将实验地块的面状矢量图层叠加校正后的卫星遥感影像图层，录入各地块的土壤属性数据，得到基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图。本发明实现了微观土壤状况的空间定位与可视化显示、查询功能，并极大提高了土壤状况专题图的自动化制作速度。
The invention discloses a method for making a soil condition thematic map based on Mapgis. First, a correction point is determined according to the range of an experimental plot, and a reference point file is generated by using CASS software to correct a satellite remote sensing image map; then, the experimental plot is collected. Then, edit the attribute structure of the surface vector layer, and establish the corresponding attribute field according to the soil attribute data collected on the field, and then establish the soil condition theme Finally, in Mapgis, the surface vector layer of the experimental plot is superimposed on the corrected satellite remote sensing image layer, and the soil attribute data of each plot is entered to obtain the soil condition thematic map based on Mapgis. The invention realizes the functions of spatial positioning, visual display and query of the microscopic soil condition, and greatly improves the automatic production speed of the thematic map of the soil condition.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及地图制作技术领域，具体涉及一种基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图制作方法。The invention relates to the technical field of map making, in particular to a method for making a thematic map of soil conditions based on Mapgis.
背景技术Background technique
多数农民施肥存在极大的盲目性，受习惯及传统观念的影响，偏重施用二铵等含磷量极高的复合肥，造成养分间比例失衡，磷含量偏高，其他元素特别是中微量元素相对不足。此外，在作物生产中，部分农民施用的有机肥质量偏低，有些未经腐熟，含有许多对作物或人体有害的病原菌及害虫，污染了土壤，影响了作物的产量和品质，降低了土地经济效益。与其他环境因子相比，土壤与作物生产关系极为密切，土壤中的水分与矿质营养(肥)，是作物产量和品质形成的物质基础，影响也最直接，调控相对容易。因此，人们土地土壤状况的关注也越来越多。Most farmers have great blindness in fertilization. Influenced by habits and traditional concepts, they prefer to use compound fertilizers with extremely high phosphorus content such as diammonium, resulting in an imbalance in the ratio of nutrients, high phosphorus content, and other elements, especially medium and trace elements. relatively insufficient. In addition, in crop production, the organic fertilizers applied by some farmers are of low quality, some are not fully decomposed, and contain many pathogenic bacteria and pests that are harmful to crops or humans, polluting the soil, affecting the yield and quality of crops, and reducing land economy. benefit. Compared with other environmental factors, the relationship between soil and crop production is very close. Water and mineral nutrients (fertilizers) in the soil are the material basis for the formation of crop yield and quality, and have the most direct impact and are relatively easy to regulate. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the condition of land and soil.
本申请发明人在实施本发明的过程中，发现现有技术的方法，至少存在如下技术问题：In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor of the present application found that the method of the prior art has at least the following technical problems:
目前，国内外多家单位已相继开展了土壤状况与施肥、用药水平等因素的相关性影响研究，但是针对土壤状况与空间位置的相关性研究较少，且存在尺度大、统计数据不完善、直观性差等问题，主要体现在以下几个方面：At present, many units at home and abroad have successively carried out research on the correlation between soil conditions and fertilization, drug use and other factors, but there are few studies on the correlation between soil conditions and spatial location, and there are large scales, incomplete statistical data, Problems such as poor intuition are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
(1)尺度大，目前有关土壤状况与空间位置的相关性研究皆是以省或市为单位，而不是以具体地块为单位，从而使研究成果存在尺度大的问题；(1) The scale is large. At present, the research on the correlation between soil conditions and spatial locations is based on provinces or cities, rather than specific plots, so that the research results have large scale problems;
(2)统计数据不完善，以省或市为单位的土壤状况研究，因土地覆盖范围大，采集的地块有限，从而使统计数据存在不完善的问题；(2) The statistical data is not perfect, the soil condition research in the unit of province or city, due to the large land coverage and the limited collection of plots, so that the statistical data is not perfect;
(3)直观性差，目前有关土壤状况的研究成果皆是以表格、文字的形式进行描述，直观性差。(3) The intuition is poor. At present, the research results on soil conditions are all described in the form of tables and words, which are not intuitive.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图制作方法，用以解决或者至少部分解决现有技术中存在的尺度较大和数据不完善的技术问题。In view of this, the present invention provides a Mapgis-based soil condition thematic map making method to solve or at least partially solve the technical problems of large scale and imperfect data in the prior art.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图制作方法，包括：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for making a soil condition thematic map based on Mapgis, including:
步骤S1：根据实验地块范围确定校正点，并利用CASS软件将确定的校正点生成参考点文件，基于参考点文件对卫星遥感影像原始图进行校正；Step S1: Determine the correction point according to the range of the experimental plot, and use the CASS software to generate a reference point file from the determined correction point, and correct the original image of the satellite remote sensing image based on the reference point file;
步骤S2：采集实验地块的边缘点坐标数据，并利用Mapgis软件绘制实验地块的面状矢量图；Step S2: collect the coordinate data of the edge points of the experimental plot, and use Mapgis software to draw the surface vector diagram of the experimental plot;
步骤S3：根据实地采集的土壤属性数据，建立土壤状况专题图的属性数据库；Step S3: establishing an attribute database of the thematic map of soil conditions according to the soil attribute data collected in the field;
步骤S4：在Mapgis中将实验地块的面状矢量图与校正后的卫星遥感影像图层进行叠加，并增加与各实验地块的对应的土壤属性数据，获得基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图。Step S4: Superimpose the surface vector map of the experimental plot with the corrected satellite remote sensing image layer in Mapgis, and add soil attribute data corresponding to each experimental plot to obtain a Mapgis-based soil condition thematic map.
在一种实施方式中，步骤S1具体包括：In one embodiment, step S1 specifically includes:
步骤S1.1：根据实验地块的分布范围，按照点位分布均匀、点位实际位置与卫星遥感影像匹配度符合预设标准的要求，选取预设数量的控制点作为卫星遥感影像的校正点；Step S1.1: According to the distribution range of the experimental plots, according to the uniform distribution of points, and the matching degree between the actual position of the point and the satellite remote sensing image meets the requirements of the preset standard, select a preset number of control points as the correction point of the satellite remote sensing image ;
步骤S1.2：利用GPS RTK接收机采集控制点的坐标数据；Step S1.2: use the GPS RTK receiver to collect the coordinate data of the control point;
步骤S1.3：将控制点的坐标数据导入CASS软件，制作卫星遥感影像校正的参考点文件；Step S1.3: Import the coordinate data of the control points into the CASS software to create a reference point file for satellite remote sensing image correction;
步骤S1.4：结合参考点文件与卫星遥感影像原始图，使用Mapgis软件的镶嵌配准功能，对卫星遥感影像图进行几何校正，使其坐标系统与实测控制点坐标系统保持一致。Step S1.4: Combine the reference point file and the original image of the satellite remote sensing image, and use the mosaic registration function of the Mapgis software to perform geometric correction on the satellite remote sensing image image, so that the coordinate system is consistent with the coordinate system of the measured control point.
在一种实施方式中，步骤S2具体包括：In one embodiment, step S2 specifically includes:
步骤S2.1：采用GPS RTK接收机采集实验地块外边缘的坐标数据；Step S2.1: use GPS RTK receiver to collect the coordinate data of the outer edge of the experimental plot;
步骤S2.2：将实验地块外边缘的坐标数据导入CASS软件生成线文件；Step S2.2: import the coordinate data of the outer edge of the experimental plot into the CASS software to generate a line file;
步骤S2.3：使用Mapgis软件将线文件拓扑成区，绘制实验地块的面状矢量图。Step S2.3: Use the Mapgis software to topologically form the line file into regions, and draw the surface vector diagram of the experimental plot.
在一种实施方式中，步骤S3具体包括：In one embodiment, step S3 specifically includes:
步骤S3.1：将Mapgis的面状矢量图层设置为属性编辑状态；Step S3.1: Set the mapgis surface vector layer to the attribute editing state;
步骤S3.2：根据实地采集的土壤属性数据，为面状矢量图层添加相应的属性字段，建立土壤状况专题图的属性数据库。Step S3.2: According to the soil attribute data collected in the field, add corresponding attribute fields to the surface vector layer, and establish the attribute database of the soil condition thematic map.
在一种实施方式中，步骤S4具体包括：In one embodiment, step S4 specifically includes:
步骤S4.1：将实验地块的面状矢量图层叠加校正后的卫星遥感影像图层；Step S4.1: overlay the corrected satellite remote sensing image layer on the surface vector layer of the experimental plot;
步骤S4.2：根据实地采集的土壤属性数据，增加与各实验地块对应的土壤属性，获得基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图。Step S4.2: According to the soil attribute data collected in the field, add soil attributes corresponding to each experimental plot to obtain a map of soil conditions based on Mapgis.
本申请实施例中的上述一个或多个技术方案，至少具有如下一种或多种技术效果：The above-mentioned one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least one or more of the following technical effects:
本发明提供的一种基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图制作方法，首先根据实验地块范围确定校正点，并利用CASS软件将确定的校正点生成参考点文件，基于参考点文件对卫星遥感影像原始图进行校正；然后采集实验地块的边缘点坐标数据，并利用Mapgis软件绘制实验地块的面状矢量图；接着根据实地采集的土壤属性数据，建立土壤状况专题图的属性数据库；最后在Mapgis中将实验地块的面状矢量图与校正后的卫星遥感影像图层进行叠加，并增加与各实验地块的对应的土壤属性数据，获得基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图。The invention provides a method for making a soil condition thematic map based on Mapgis. First, a correction point is determined according to the range of the experimental plot, and a reference point file is generated from the determined correction point by using CASS software. Based on the reference point file, the original map of satellite remote sensing images is analyzed Correction; then collect the coordinate data of the edge points of the experimental plot, and use the Mapgis software to draw the surface vector map of the experimental plot; then according to the soil attribute data collected on the spot, establish the attribute database of the soil condition thematic map; finally, in Mapgis The surface vector map of the experimental plot is superimposed with the corrected satellite remote sensing image layer, and the soil attribute data corresponding to each experimental plot is added to obtain the map of soil status based on Mapgis.
由于本发明的方法可以基于Mapgis软件将实验地块土壤状况与空间位置进行结合，生成土壤状况专题图，可以精确到某一个具体的实验地块，并得到对应的土壤状况信息，从而解决了现有技术中尺度较大、数据不完善的技术问题，并且可以直观展示，并提供土壤状况实时查询与空间定位服务，此外，结合CASS软件，可极大提高土壤状况专题图的自动化制作速度。Because the method of the present invention can combine the soil condition of the experimental plot with the spatial position based on the Mapgis software to generate a soil condition thematic map, which can be accurate to a specific experimental plot and obtain the corresponding soil condition information, thereby solving the problem of the current situation. There are technical problems of large scale and incomplete data in the technology, and it can be displayed intuitively, and provides real-time soil condition query and spatial positioning services. In addition, combined with CASS software, it can greatly improve the automatic production speed of soil condition thematic maps.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
图1为本发明实施例中一种基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图制作方法的流程图；Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of mapgis-based soil condition thematic map making method in the embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明采用的方法的技术路线图；Fig. 2 is the technical roadmap of the method adopted in the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例的面状矢量图绘制的流程图。FIG. 3 is a flowchart of drawing a planar vector diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术中的方法存在的尺度大、数据不完善等技术问题，提供了一种基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图制作方法，将实验地块土壤状况与空间位置进行结合，生成土壤状况专题图，可以精确到某一个具体的实验地块，并得到对应的土壤状况信息，从而达到提高数据的完善性和显示的直观性的技术效果。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for making a soil condition thematic map based on Mapgis, aiming at the technical problems of large scale and imperfect data in the methods in the prior art, which combine the soil condition of the experimental plot with the spatial position, The thematic map of soil condition is generated, which can be accurate to a specific experimental plot, and obtain the corresponding soil condition information, so as to achieve the technical effect of improving the completeness of the data and the intuitiveness of the display.
为达到上述技术效果，本发明的主要构思如下：In order to achieve above-mentioned technical effect, main design of the present invention is as follows:
根据实验地块范围确定校正点，利用CASS软件将其生成参考点文件，校正卫星遥感影像图；然后使用GPS RTK野外采集实验地块的边缘点坐标数据，利用Mapgis软件绘制实验地块的面状矢量图；接着编辑面状矢量图层的属性结构，并根据实地采集的土壤属性数据建立相应的属性字段，进而建立土壤状况专题图的属性数据库；最后在Mapgis中将实验地块的面状矢量图层叠加校正后的卫星遥感影像图层，录入各地块的土壤属性数据，最后得到基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图。本发明利用Mapgis软件实现了土壤状况的实时查询与空间定位服务，并且结合CASS软件，可极大提高土壤状况专题图的自动化制作速度。Determine the correction points according to the scope of the experimental plot, use CASS software to generate reference point files, and correct the satellite remote sensing image map; then use GPS RTK to collect the edge point coordinate data of the experimental plot in the field, and use Mapgis software to draw the surface of the experimental plot. Then edit the attribute structure of the surface vector layer, and establish the corresponding attribute fields according to the soil attribute data collected in the field, and then establish the attribute database of the soil condition thematic map; The layer is superimposed on the corrected satellite remote sensing image layer, and the soil attribute data of each block is entered, and finally the thematic map of soil condition based on Mapgis is obtained. The invention utilizes Mapgis software to realize the real-time inquiry and spatial positioning service of soil conditions, and combined with CASS software, can greatly improve the automatic production speed of the thematic map of soil conditions.
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例一Example 1
本发明实施例提供了一种基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图制作方法，请参见图1，该方法包括：An embodiment of the present invention provides a Mapgis-based soil condition thematic map making method, see FIG. 1 , and the method includes:
步骤S1：根据实验地块范围确定校正点，并利用CASS软件将确定的校正点生成参考点文件，基于参考点文件对卫星遥感影像原始图进行校正。Step S1: Determine the correction point according to the range of the experimental plot, and use the CASS software to generate a reference point file from the determined correction point, and correct the original image of the satellite remote sensing image based on the reference point file.
具体来说，实验地块可以根据实际需要选取。首先根据实验地块范围确定校正点，然后使用GPS RTK测量校正点的坐标，结合将坐标数据导入CASS软件并生成参考点文件，并利用参考点文件对卫星遥感影像原始图进行校正。Specifically, experimental plots can be selected according to actual needs. Firstly, the calibration points are determined according to the range of the experimental plot, and then GPS RTK is used to measure the coordinates of the calibration points. Combined with importing the coordinate data into the CASS software, a reference point file is generated, and the reference point file is used to correct the original image of the satellite remote sensing image.
步骤S2：采集实验地块的边缘点坐标数据，并利用Mapgis软件绘制实验地块的面状矢量图。Step S2: Collect the coordinate data of the edge points of the experimental plot, and use the Mapgis software to draw the surface vector diagram of the experimental plot.
具体来说，可以使用GPS RTK野外采集实验地块的边缘点坐标，基于Mapgis软件绘制实验地块的面状矢量图。Specifically, GPS RTK can be used to collect the coordinates of the edge points of the experimental plot in the field, and the surface vector map of the experimental plot can be drawn based on Mapgis software.
步骤S3：根据实地采集的土壤属性数据，建立土壤状况专题图的属性数据库。Step S3: According to the soil attribute data collected on the spot, an attribute database of the soil condition thematic map is established.
具体来说，土壤属性数据可以通过工具预先采集并记录，并以此建立属性数据库。Specifically, soil attribute data can be pre-collected and recorded by tools, and an attribute database can be established based on this.
步骤S4：在Mapgis中将实验地块的面状矢量图与校正后的卫星遥感影像图层进行叠加，并增加与各实验地块的对应的土壤属性数据，获得基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图。Step S4: Superimpose the surface vector map of the experimental plot with the corrected satellite remote sensing image layer in Mapgis, and add soil attribute data corresponding to each experimental plot to obtain a Mapgis-based soil condition thematic map.
具体来说，将前述步骤绘制的实验地块的面状矢量图叠加校正后的卫星遥感影像图层，并添加对应的土壤属性数据，则可以生成土壤状况专题图。由于本发明的方法，可以基于Mapgis将具体实验地块的面状矢量图图层与卫星遥感图像图层进行叠加，从而可以准确获得实验地块的空间位置信息，同时添加了对应的土壤属性数据，即可以将具体实验地块的空间位置与属性数据相结合，从而使得地图数据更加完善，并且可以具体展示每一个地块的相关数据，精确到地块，解决了现有方法只能以省市为单位进行展示而导致的尺度大的问题。通过本发明的土壤状况专题图，还可以提高显示的直观性。Specifically, the surface vector map of the experimental plot drawn in the previous steps is superimposed on the corrected satellite remote sensing image layer, and the corresponding soil attribute data is added to generate the soil condition thematic map. Due to the method of the present invention, the surface vector map layer of the specific experimental plot can be superimposed with the satellite remote sensing image layer based on Mapgis, so that the spatial position information of the experimental plot can be accurately obtained, and the corresponding soil attribute data can be added at the same time. , that is, the spatial position of the specific experimental plot can be combined with the attribute data, so that the map data can be more complete, and the relevant data of each plot can be displayed in detail, accurate to the plot, which solves the problem that the existing methods can only save The large-scale problem caused by the display of the city as a unit. Through the thematic map of soil conditions of the present invention, the intuitiveness of the display can also be improved.
在一种实施方式中，步骤S1具体包括：In one embodiment, step S1 specifically includes:
步骤S1.1：根据实验地块的分布范围，按照点位分布均匀、点位实际位置与卫星遥感影像匹配度符合预设标准的要求，选取预设数量的控制点作为卫星遥感影像的校正点；Step S1.1: According to the distribution range of the experimental plots, according to the uniform distribution of points, and the matching degree between the actual position of the point and the satellite remote sensing image meets the requirements of the preset standard, select a preset number of control points as the correction point of the satellite remote sensing image ;
步骤S1.2：利用GPS RTK接收机采集控制点的坐标数据；Step S1.2: use the GPS RTK receiver to collect the coordinate data of the control point;
步骤S1.3：将控制点的坐标数据导入CASS软件，制作卫星遥感影像校正的参考点文件；Step S1.3: Import the coordinate data of the control points into the CASS software to create a reference point file for satellite remote sensing image correction;
步骤S1.4：结合卫星遥感影像校正的参考点文件与卫星遥感影像原始图，基于Mapgis软件的镶嵌配准功能，对卫星遥感影像图进行几何校正，使其坐标系统与实测控制点坐标系统保持一致。Step S1.4: Combining the reference point file of the satellite remote sensing image correction and the original satellite remote sensing image, based on the mosaic registration function of the Mapgis software, perform geometric correction on the satellite remote sensing image, so that the coordinate system and the measured control point coordinate system are maintained. Consistent.
具体来说，选取校正点的标准或原则可以根据实际情况进行设置，为了进一步提高准确性，本发明以点位分布均匀、点位实际位置与卫星遥感影像匹配度符合预设标准作为要求，此外，还可以根据坐标点位置的采集的难易程度作为选取标准。预设数量与前述的选取标准相关。Specifically, the standard or principle for selecting the correction point can be set according to the actual situation. In order to further improve the accuracy, the present invention requires that the points are evenly distributed, and the matching degree between the actual position of the point and the satellite remote sensing image conforms to the preset standard. , and can also be selected according to the difficulty of the coordinate point location collection. The preset number is related to the aforementioned selection criteria.
在一种实施方式中，步骤S2具体包括：In one embodiment, step S2 specifically includes:
步骤S2.1：采用GPS RTK接收机采集实验地块外边缘的坐标数据；Step S2.1: use GPS RTK receiver to collect the coordinate data of the outer edge of the experimental plot;
步骤S2.2：将实验地块外边缘的坐标数据导入CASS软件生成线文件；Step S2.2: import the coordinate data of the outer edge of the experimental plot into the CASS software to generate a line file;
步骤S2.3：使用Mapgis软件将线文件拓扑成区，绘制实验地块的面状矢量图。具体来说，面状矢量图绘制流程如图3所示，首先将实验地块外边缘的坐标点连成线，生成线文件，接着根据线文件，线转弧段，拓扑成区形成区文件，即实验地块的面状矢量图。也就是说，本实施例的面状矢量图，是通过坐标点连成线，线转弧段，拓扑造区生成的面状矢量图。Step S2.3: Use the Mapgis software to topologically form the line file into regions, and draw the surface vector diagram of the experimental plot. Specifically, the drawing process of plane vector diagram is shown in Figure 3. First, the coordinate points of the outer edge of the experimental plot are connected into a line to generate a line file, and then according to the line file, the line is turned into an arc segment, and the topology is formed into an area file. , the polygonal vector map of the experimental plot. That is to say, the planar vector diagram in this embodiment is a planar vector diagram generated by connecting coordinate points to form a line, turning the line into an arc segment, and generating a topologically constructed area.
在一种实施方式中，步骤S3具体包括：In one embodiment, step S3 specifically includes:
步骤S3.1：将Mapgis的面状矢量图层设置为属性编辑状态；Step S3.1: Set the mapgis surface vector layer to the attribute editing state;
步骤S3.2：根据实地采集的土壤属性数据，为面状矢量图层添加相应的属性字段，建立土壤状况专题图的属性数据库。Step S3.2: According to the soil attribute data collected in the field, add corresponding attribute fields to the surface vector layer, and establish the attribute database of the soil condition thematic map.
具体来说，本实施例的编辑面状矢量图层的属性结构，是根据土壤采集数据编辑字段，然后确定字段类型和字段长度。Specifically, in the editing of the attribute structure of the planar vector layer in this embodiment, the fields are edited according to the soil collection data, and then the field type and field length are determined.
在一种实施方式中，步骤S4具体包括：In one embodiment, step S4 specifically includes:
步骤S4.1：将实验地块的面状矢量图层叠加校正后的卫星遥感影像图层；Step S4.1: overlay the corrected satellite remote sensing image layer on the surface vector layer of the experimental plot;
步骤S4.2：根据实地采集的土壤属性数据，增加与各实验地块对应的土壤属性，获得基于Mapgis的土壤状况专题图。Step S4.2: According to the soil attribute data collected in the field, add soil attributes corresponding to each experimental plot to obtain a map of soil conditions based on Mapgis.
本发明利用Mapgis软件实现了土壤状况的实时查询与空间定位服务，并且结合CASS软件，可极大提高土壤状况专题图的自动化制作速度。The invention utilizes Mapgis software to realize the real-time inquiry and spatial positioning service of soil conditions, and combined with CASS software, can greatly improve the automatic production speed of the thematic map of soil conditions.
下面请参见图2，为本发明的方法所采用的技术路线，整体上分为两条，第一条为获得校正后的卫星遥感图像，第二条为绘制实验地块的面状矢量图，并添加相关属性。获得校正后的卫星遥感图像具体包括：首先确定校正点，并测量校正点，然后生成点文件，并利用点文件对原始卫星图像进行校正。面状矢量图的绘制过程包括：首先，测量实验地块的边缘坐标点，并通过坐标点生成线文件，最后拓扑成区。Please refer to FIG. 2 below, which is the technical route adopted by the method of the present invention, which is divided into two as a whole, the first one is to obtain the corrected satellite remote sensing image, and the second one is to draw the plane vector diagram of the experimental plot, and add related properties. Obtaining the corrected satellite remote sensing image specifically includes: first determining the correction point, measuring the correction point, then generating a point file, and using the point file to correct the original satellite image. The drawing process of the surface vector diagram includes: first, measure the edge coordinate points of the experimental plot, generate a line file through the coordinate points, and finally form a topology.
总体来说，本发明的方法可以基于Mapgis软件将实验地块土壤状况与空间位置进行结合，生成土壤状况专题图，可以精确到某一个具体的实验地块，并得到对应的土壤状况信息，从而解决了现有技术中尺度较大、数据不完善的技术问题，并且可以直观展示，并提供土壤状况实时查询与空间定位服务，此外，结合CASS软件，可极大提高土壤状况专题图的自动化制作速度。In general, the method of the present invention can combine the soil condition of the experimental plot with the spatial position based on the Mapgis software to generate a soil condition thematic map, which can be accurate to a specific experimental plot and obtain the corresponding soil condition information, so as to obtain the corresponding soil condition information. It solves the technical problems of large scale and imperfect data in the existing technology, and can be displayed intuitively, and provides real-time soil condition query and spatial positioning services. In addition, combined with CASS software, it can greatly improve the automatic production of soil condition thematic maps speed.
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例做出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, provided that these modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
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