CN110309613A - A kind of design and optimization method of the tunnel excavation benching tunnelling method based on BIM - Google Patents
A kind of design and optimization method of the tunnel excavation benching tunnelling method based on BIM Download PDFInfo
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- CN110309613A CN110309613A CN201910615478.8A CN201910615478A CN110309613A CN 110309613 A CN110309613 A CN 110309613A CN 201910615478 A CN201910615478 A CN 201910615478A CN 110309613 A CN110309613 A CN 110309613A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/004—Artificial life, i.e. computing arrangements simulating life
- G06N3/006—Artificial life, i.e. computing arrangements simulating life based on simulated virtual individual or collective life forms, e.g. social simulations or particle swarm optimisation [PSO]
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- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
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- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/08—Construction
Abstract
The design and optimization method of the invention discloses a kind of tunnel excavation benching tunnelling method based on BIM, this method defines a kind of integrated presentation method of Building Information Model (BIM) that tunnel benching tunnelling method excavates first, create the parameterized model race library of expressed intact constructing tunnel information, secondly on the basis of the parameterized model race library, it establishes and has solved the optimization problem for excavating drilling depth and supporting parameter, optimization drilling depth and supporting parameter after being quantified, finally by the optimization algorithm and finite element, BIM Integrated product information model is coupled, realize information transmitting, it saves and visualizes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tunnel excavation methods, more particularly, to a kind of tunnel excavation benching tunnelling method based on BIM
Design and optimization method.
Background technique
Tunnel is that the concealed work built is excavated in geologic body, the safety of constructing tunnel process by geological information,
Supporting scheme, excavate drilling depth factors influence, and geological information is often uncertain before excavation, also results in
The pre-designed blindness for excavating drilling depth and supporting scheme, such as to deal with improperly to construction information may cause many constructing tunnel calamities
It does harm to and support cost is caused to waste.
Benching tunnelling method is current most widely used excavation method.Benching tunnelling method construction in tunnel is that an information-based dynamic adjusts
Process, arrangement and method for construction dynamic optimization are mainly the optimization for excavating drilling depth and supporting parameter, and the target of optimization is on the basis of safety
On, construction efficiency is improved as far as possible, reduces cost.Substantially this is related to constructing tunnel mechanical analysis and optimization problem.Above-mentioned tunnel
Road work progress is related to tunnel space and excavates structure and a large amount of information for being abstracted complexity, how to realize constructing tunnel visualization table
Reach, and to drilling depth and supporting parameter quantitative optimization be have it is to be solved and the problem of be of great significance.It is limited to information technology water
Flat, current constructing tunnel project setting decision relies on analogies of experience and qualitative analysis mostly.
BIM (Building Information Modeling, Building Information Model) is the forward position skill of civil construction project
Art has very strong advantage in terms of complex information is integrated with information visualization expression.But BIM model is limited primarily to build at present
Field is built, is only related to tunnel structure on a small quantity.Constructing tunnel supporting scheme decision is required to expressed intact geologic body, supporting knot
Structure excavates body, and there is not been reported for similar complete BIM model and progress Analysis of Tunnel Stability optimization BIM technology.Current
BIM technology also lacks the expression grammer of basic tunnel component, constrains constructing tunnel BIM model and application.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome drawbacks described above of the existing technology, a kind of tunnel excavation based on BIM is provided
The design and optimization method of benching tunnelling method initially set up a kind of integrated meter of Building Information Model (BIM) that tunnel benching tunnelling method excavates
It up to method, not only creates expressed intact geologic body, supporting construction, the tunnel model for excavating body and parameterizes race library, and by tunnel
Geological information, monitoring information, the supporting information of construction are stored as the property parameters in above-mentioned BIM model race library；Next is built
It stands and solves the optimization problem currently constructed based on this model, the construction parameter after being optimized finally uses these parameters
In the adjustment and displaying currently constructed.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of design and optimization method of the tunnel excavation benching tunnelling method based on BIM, which is characterized in that include the following steps
S1: establishing the BIM component expanding library of benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel, constructs the tunnel structure component race library of parametrization；
S2: according to construction requirement and parameter current, the current BIM integrated model of benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel is established；
S3: converting FEM calculation file for above-mentioned BIM integrated model, and it is excellent for establishing with benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel parameter
Change the optimization problem of variable；
S4: optimization problem defined in previous step is solved, and the benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel parameter obtained after optimization is write
Enter in the BIM integrated model established in step S2, is visualized；
S5: according to the benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel parameter solved in previous step, benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel is moved
State adjustment, and return step S2；Until completing the secondary benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel.
Preferably, the geometry entity point three classes that BIM component expanding library is established in the step S1, including geologic body group
Part, supporting construction component and piecemeal excavate body component.
Preferably, the BIM component expanding library and BIM integrated model meet IFC format.
Preferably, the property parameters of the geologic body component include Analysis of Field Geotechnical Parameters, underground water and buried depth；The supporting construction
Component includes lining cutting profile, lining thickness and Anchorage Parameters；It includes step block size and step that the piecemeal, which excavates body component,
Drilling depth.
Preferably, the parameter current in the step S2 includes Analysis of Field Geotechnical Parameters, groundwater condition.
Preferably, in the optimization problem in the step S3, optimized variable is tunnel excavation drilling depth, lining thickness, anchor pole
Diameter, rock-bolt length, anchor pole spacing；The value of section up and down of each optimized variable is optimization constraint；Optimization constraint further includes country rock
The displacement of key point and the unit safety index of country rock key point；When the construction cost of unit linear meter(lin.m.) length tunnel surrounding and construction
Between, magnitude is added after reunification as adaptation value functionWherein t is when calculating the construction on gained unit linear meter(lin.m.)
Between, m is the cost calculated on gained unit linear meter(lin.m.), and T is the maximum construction time on current engineering unit linear meter(lin.m.), and M is current work
The maximum construction time on Cheng Danwei linear meter(lin.m.).
Preferably, the method that upper optimization problem is solved in the step S4 is particle swarm algorithm, is included the following steps
S41: initialization particle group parameters；Particle group parameters include population scale, the number of iterations, according to the section of each variable
Range establishes boundary condition individual in particle swarm algorithm；
S42: be randomly generated i-th (i from 1 to setting maximum value) for population, each particle calls the limited of BIM model conversation
Meta-model is calculated, and obtains the displacement of the country rock key point in the particle and the unit safety index of country rock key point, and with
The warning value of safety criterion compares, and all particles beyond warning value eliminate；
S43: the construction cost of unit of account linear meter(lin.m.) length tunnel surrounding and construction time, magnitude are added after reunification as suitable
Answer value function；
S44: selection operation is carried out, the i-th generation classic particle pbest and the classic particle of all iteration steps are selected
gbest；
S45: judging whether to meet abort criterion, such as be unsatisfactory for, then is iterated and generates new particle；It is quasi- such as to meet suspension
Then, optimal particle is exported, optimization problem solving is completed.
Preferably, in the step S45, the iterative formula for generating new particle is
Wherein i=1~m, m are the population size of particle, and d=1~n, n are the dimensions of particle, and k is the algebra of iteration,
When for kth iteration step, the mobile speed of i-th of particle,When for kth iteration step, the mobile spatial position of i-th of particle；c1
And c2It is positive constant, rand1And rand2It is the random number independent of each other between 0 and 1, pbestiIt is that the i-th generation is optimal
Elegant particle, gbest are classic particle in current all iteration steps, wiIt is momentum term coefficient.
It can be seen from the above technical proposal that the present invention defines a kind of Building Information Model that tunnel benching tunnelling method excavates first
(BIM) integrated presentation method creates the parameterized model race library of expressed intact constructing tunnel information, secondly in the parametrization
On the basis of model race library, establishes and solved the optimization problem for excavating drilling depth and supporting parameter, the optimization after being quantified
The optimization algorithm and finite element, BIM Integrated product information model are finally coupled by drilling depth and supporting parameter, realize information transmitting, protect
It deposits and visualizes.Therefore, the present invention, which has, sufficiently shows constructing tunnel information data, provides science decision for constructing tunnel
The distinguishing feature of auxiliary.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is particle group optimizing process of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that optimization algorithm and finite element, BIM Integrated product information model are coupled in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that drilling depth parameter inputs view in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is 3 dimensional views of BIM Integrated product information model in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.
It should be noted that in following specific embodiments, when describing embodiments of the invention in detail, in order to clear
Ground indicates structure of the invention in order to illustrate, spy does not draw to the structure in attached drawing according to general proportion, and has carried out part
Amplification, deformation and simplified processing, therefore, should be avoided in this, as limitation of the invention to understand.
In specific embodiment of the invention below, Fig. 1~3 is please referred to, Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention, Fig. 2
It is particle group optimizing process of the invention, Fig. 3 is that optimization algorithm is coupled with finite element, BIM Integrated product information model in the present invention
Flow chart.As shown,
A kind of design and optimization method of the tunnel excavation benching tunnelling method based on BIM, which is characterized in that include the following steps
S1: establishing the BIM component expanding library of benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel, constructs the tunnel structure component race library of parametrization.
The geometry entity point three classes that BIM component expanding library is established, including geologic body component, supporting construction component and piecemeal
Excavate body component.BIM component expanding library meets IFC format.
The property parameters of the geologic body component include Analysis of Field Geotechnical Parameters, underground water and buried depth；The supporting construction component packet
Include lining cutting profile, lining thickness and Anchorage Parameters；It includes step block size and step drilling depth that the piecemeal, which excavates body component,.
BIM component is established using EXPRESS language.
S2: according to construction requirement and parameter current, the current BIM integrated model of benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel is established.
The BIM integrated model meets IFC format.The parameter current includes Analysis of Field Geotechnical Parameters, groundwater condition country rock ginseng
Number, groundwater condition.Using the parametric modeling method of object-oriented, using REVIT modeling software by adding customized category
Property parameter mode to BIM component assign tunnel Dynamic Construction information, set up current BIM integrated model.
S3: converting FEM calculation file for above-mentioned BIM integrated model, and it is excellent for establishing with benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel parameter
Change the optimization problem of variable.
In optimization problem, optimized variable is between tunnel excavation drilling depth, lining thickness, bolt diameter, rock-bolt length, anchor pole
Away from；The value of section up and down of each optimized variable is optimization constraint；Optimization constraint further includes that the displacement of country rock key point and country rock close
The unit safety index of key point；The construction cost and construction time, magnitude of unit linear meter(lin.m.) length tunnel surrounding are added work after reunification
To adapt to value functionWherein t is the construction time calculated on gained unit linear meter(lin.m.), and m is to calculate gained unit to prolong
Cost on rice, T are the maximum construction time on current engineering unit linear meter(lin.m.), and M is that the maximum on current engineering unit linear meter(lin.m.) is applied
Between working hour.
The step of converting FEM calculation file for BIM integrated model be
S31: the Revit three-dimensional entity model generated and attribute are exported as into file；
S32: select file-importing in menu bar in the main interface of ABAQUS by interface routine.It is returned referring to this document
The appointment of material properties is carried out to tunnel excavation part entity model to the material properties module of ABAQUS software；
S33: mesh generation is carried out to tunnel model.
S34: the setting of the creation of analysis step, the addition of load and each constraint is carried out, and carries out calculating analysis.
S4: optimization problem defined in previous step is solved, and the benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel parameter obtained after optimization is write
Enter in the BIM integrated model established in step S2, is visualized.
The method of solving optimization problem is particle swarm algorithm, is included the following steps
S41: initialization particle group parameters；Particle group parameters include population scale, the number of iterations, according to the section of each variable
Range establishes boundary condition individual in particle swarm algorithm；
S42: be randomly generated i-th (i from 1 to setting maximum value) for population, each particle calls the limited of BIM model conversation
Meta-model is calculated, and obtains the displacement of the country rock key point in the particle and the unit safety index of country rock key point, and with
The warning value of safety criterion compares, and all particles beyond warning value eliminate；
S43: the construction cost of unit of account linear meter(lin.m.) length tunnel surrounding and construction time, magnitude are added after reunification as suitable
Answer value function；
S44: selection operation is carried out, the i-th generation classic particle pbest and the classic particle of all iteration steps are selected
gbest；
S45: judging whether to meet abort criterion, such as be unsatisfactory for, then is iterated and generates new particle；It is quasi- such as to meet suspension
Then, optimal particle is exported, optimization problem solving is completed.
The iterative formula for generating new particle is
Wherein i=1~m, m are the population size of particle, and d=1~n, n are the dimensions of particle, and k is the algebra of iteration,
When for kth iteration step, the mobile speed of i-th of particle,When for kth iteration step, the mobile spatial position of i-th of particle；c1
And c2It is positive constant, rand1And rand2It is the random number independent of each other between 0 and 1, pbestiIt is that the i-th generation is optimal
Elegant particle, gbest are classic particle in current all iteration steps, wiIt is momentum term coefficient.
S5: according to the benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel parameter solved in previous step, benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel is moved
State adjustment, and return step S2；Until completing the secondary benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of design and optimization method of the tunnel excavation benching tunnelling method based on BIM, which is characterized in that include the following steps
S1: establishing the BIM component expanding library of benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel, constructs the tunnel structure component race library of parametrization；
S2: according to construction requirement and parameter current, the current BIM integrated model of benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel is established；
S3: converting FEM calculation file for above-mentioned BIM integrated model, and establishing with benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel parameter is that optimization becomes
The optimization problem of amount；
S4: optimization problem defined in previous step is solved, and the benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel parameter obtained after optimization is written and is walked
In the BIM integrated model established in rapid S2, visualized；
S5: according to the benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel parameter solved in previous step, dynamic tune is carried out to benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel
It is whole, and return step S2；Until completing the secondary benching tunnelling method constructing tunnel.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1 BIM component expanding library established it is several
What entity divides three classes, including geologic body component, supporting construction component and piecemeal to excavate body component.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the BIM component expanding library and BIM integrated model meet
IFC format.
4. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the property parameters of the geologic body component include country rock ginseng
Number, underground water and buried depth；The supporting construction component includes lining cutting profile, lining thickness and Anchorage Parameters；The piecemeal excavates
Body component includes step block size and step drilling depth.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the parameter current in the step S2 include Analysis of Field Geotechnical Parameters,
Groundwater condition.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein optimized variable is in optimization problem in the step S3
Tunnel excavation drilling depth, lining thickness, bolt diameter, rock-bolt length, anchor pole spacing；The value of section up and down of each optimized variable is excellent
Change constraint；Optimization constraint further includes the displacement of country rock key point and the unit safety index of country rock key point；Unit linear meter(lin.m.) length
The construction cost of tunnel surrounding and construction time, magnitude are added after reunification as adaptation value function.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method for solving upper optimization problem in the step S4 is grain
Swarm optimization includes the following steps
S41: initialization particle group parameters；Particle group parameters include population scale, the number of iterations, according to the section model of each variable
It encloses, establishes boundary condition individual in particle swarm algorithm；
S42: be randomly generated i-th (i from 1 to setting maximum value) for population, each particle calls the finite element mould of BIM model conversation
Type is calculated, and obtains the displacement of the country rock key point in the particle and the unit safety index of country rock key point, and with safety
The warning value of criterion compares, and all particles beyond warning value eliminate；
S43: the construction cost of unit of account linear meter(lin.m.) length tunnel surrounding and construction time are added after normalization and are used as adaptive value letter
NumberWherein t is the construction time calculated on gained unit linear meter(lin.m.), and m is the cost calculated on gained unit linear meter(lin.m.),
T is the maximum construction time on current engineering unit linear meter(lin.m.), and M is the maximum construction time on current engineering unit linear meter(lin.m.)；
S44: selection operation is carried out, the i-th generation classic particle pbest and the classic particle gbest of all iteration steps are selected；
S45: judging whether to meet abort criterion, such as be unsatisfactory for, then is iterated and generates new particle；Such as meet abort criterion,
Optimal particle is exported, optimization problem solving is completed.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that generating the iterative formula of new particle in the step S45
For
Wherein i=1~m, m are the population size of particle, and d=1~n, n are the dimensions of particle, and k is the algebra of iteration,For kth
When iteration step, the mobile speed of i-th of particle,When for kth iteration step, the mobile spatial position of i-th of particle；c1And c2It is
Positive constant, rand1And rand2It is the random number independent of each other between 0 and 1, pbestiIt is the i-th generation classic grain
Son, gbest are classic particle in current all iteration steps, wiIt is momentum term coefficient.
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| CN117688791A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-03-12 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Modeling calculation method, modeling calculation device, modeling calculation platform and modeling calculation storage medium for tunnel construction process |
| CN117688791B (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-04-30 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Modeling calculation method, modeling calculation device, modeling calculation platform and modeling calculation storage medium for tunnel construction process |
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