CN107808413A - A kind of three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD - Google Patents
A kind of three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD Download PDFInfo
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- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/05—Geographic models
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD, and its process is as follows：1st, data analysis, importing, generation point set；2nd, structural relief face is established；3rd, the generation of drilling；4th, the modeling in rock stratum face, construction face；5th, curved surface is edited；6th, the foundation of grid/physical model.This method is fitted and interpolation by the discrete geological prospecting data of fieldwork, establish the three-dimensional geological model of the information such as landform, stratum line of demarcation and the attribute emulated in proportion, geologic structure information is embodied by three-dimensional visualization, its coal production and preventing and treating water conservancy project is instructed using its visuality and then intuitively to make, analysis and research for mine geological hazards work etc. provide a kind of new means and method, have effective directive significance to mine geological hazards program analysis.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mine geological hazards field, more particularly, to a kind of three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD.
Background technology
In traditional mine geological hazards research work, geology, the analysis of hydrogeologic data and the general only limitation of explanation
In two dimension, static expression way, it describes space geologic body fluctuations and substantivity is poor, tends not to fully show that it is empty
Between changing rule, be not easy direct, complete, accurate understanding and experience subsurface three-dimensional geological condition.Nowadays, with computer technology
Rapid development and digital geological further investigation so that three-dimensional geological modeling and be shown as reality.It is now three-dimensional
The successful application of Geologic modeling and visualization technique in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, petroleum works and Geotechnical Engineering, to prevent in colliery
The application harnessed the river in career field brings many referential successful experiences.Therefore, research and development one kind applies three-dimensional geological modeling
And the method that visualization technique establishes coal mining geology body Model, allow geologist intuitively to rest in mine geological hazards work
(such as water proof top, the distribution of bottom plate weakness band, the spread situation of water conductive fault, white-out Hydraulic Projects are most for required various information
Good region etc.), can be that analysis and research of mine geological hazards work etc. provide a kind of new means and method, effective analysis refers to
Lead mine geological hazards.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD, can effectively be analyzed
Instruct mine geological hazards.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD, its process are as follows：
Step 1：Data analysis, importing, generation point set
During if any measurement initial data dot file, file can be imported into GOCAD by text formatting；When without measurement
During initial data dot file, contour can be extracted by topographic map, AUTOCAD maps are saved as DXF forms, led with DXF files
Enter GOCAD.
Step 2：Establish structural relief face
The point set generated according to step 1, terrain surface is generated by Surface creation functions in GOCAD, if
Node and control point on the point face of generation are misaligned, it is necessary to carry out geometry adaptation, then by hide constraints come
Unwanted limitation is hidden, finally encloses isopleth value.
Step 3：The generation of drilling
Borehole data is only used as the controlling element of aspect, substantially using text mode typing drilling dependency number in modeling
After reading in GOCAD according to, data, the information of each layer can be changed in Well Marker items and add the occurrence information of each layer.
Step 4：Rock stratum face, the modeling of construction face
The earth's surface of rock stratum is gone out into naked wire and imports GOCAD from AUTOCAD, obtains a curve object, then the attitude of rocks is changed
The tangent vector for face is calculated, earth's surface curve objects obtain one along tangent vector stretching certain distance and faced as (surface), then
This face is fitted to the discrete point position of this layer determined by drilling, footrill, obtains a curved surface, above procedure is repeated, to every
One stratal surface, fault plane model respectively, just obtain lithology, the construction distribution situation surface model in whole modeling region.
Step 5：Edit curved surface
1st, for unreasonable part on curved surface, it is adjusted by the node that triangle veil is dragged in GOCAD.
2nd, in order to which stratal surface establishes unified constraint, stratal surface is made to be located at same scope in vertical direction, in GOCAD
Surface mode models under generate Tube curved surfaces, the edit functions under the Surface mode models then passed through need to prolong
The border for the stratal surface stretched extends to Tube curved surfaces.
3rd, the unwanted part in by surfaces order cuts formations faces is passed through.
Step 6；The foundation of grid/physical model
The foundation of geologic grid model is completed by GOCAD grid model object (Sgrid).
Further, in step 1, divide to resulting drilling, the distribution of well logging and according to the data of its acquirement
Analysis, vector quantization is carried out to geologic section and forms the files of asc II, is input in Gocad and forms three-dimensional geological face, can be carried according to it
The stratum fluctuating of confession, pinching etc. are modeled to research area, increase the accuracy of modeling.
Further, GOCAD softwares merge the qualitative data of geology shape based on DSI interpolation methods, there is provided
A kind of concept of " geology volume mesh "：One geology volume mesh is made up of border and inner mesh unit, and wherein border is by geology
The interface definition of body, inner mesh unit represents the inside composition of geologic body, for carrying out the Method of Stochastic of object-oriented.
Further, the interpolation method includes discrete smoothing method and Ke Lige (Kriging) interpolation method.
Further, in step 2, by the curved surface for each rock stratum established, established in GOCAD workflow
The level correlation structural model of geologic body；According to the deck structure model of foundation, generation body Model (Sgrid), then input is joined
Number, establishes physical property model.
Further, in step 6, stratal surface up and down is defined first, calculates the Pillars between stratal surface up and down, then
Each middle stratum is defined, and middle stratum must be arranged by the old and new's order on stratum, each stratal surface among generation, most
Afterwards unit is being cut smaller.
Further, this method goes out naked wire and the attitude of rocks as the form elements of rock stratum, borehole data conduct using rock stratum
The controlling element of aspect, each aspect is established, aspect is modified to meet actual conditions, then instruct foundation to grind with workflow
The three-dimensional geological model in area is studied carefully by face adult.
Relative to prior art, the three-dimensional geological modeling method of the present invention based on GOCAD has the advantage that：It is logical
The discrete geological prospecting data of fieldwork are crossed to be fitted and interpolation, establish the landform emulated in proportion, stratum boundary
The three-dimensional geological model of the information such as line and attribute, geologic structure information is embodied by three-dimensional visualization, utilizes it
It is visual and then intuitively instruct its coal production and preventing and treating water conservancy project to make, provide one for analysis and research of mine geological hazards work etc.
Kind new means and method, have effective directive significance to mine geological hazards program analysis.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing for forming the part of the present invention is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Apply example and its illustrate to be used to explain the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is three-dimensional geological model modeling procedure figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
A kind of three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD, its process are as follows：
Step 1：Data analysis, importing, generation point set
During if any measurement initial data dot file, file can be imported into GOCAD by text formatting；When without measurement
During initial data dot file, contour can be extracted by topographic map, AUTOCAD maps are saved as DXF forms, led with DXF files
Enter GOCAD.
Analyzed to resulting drilling, the distribution of well logging and according to the data of its acquirement, vector is carried out to geologic section
Change forms the files of asc II, is input in Gocad and forms three-dimensional geological face, can be according to the stratum fluctuating of its offer, pinching etc. pair
Research area is modeled, and increases the accuracy of modeling.
Step 2：Establish structural relief face
The point set generated according to step 1, terrain surface is generated by Surface creation functions in GOCAD, if
Node and control point on the point face of generation are misaligned, it is necessary to carry out geometry adaptation, then by hide constraints come
Unwanted limitation is hidden, finally encloses isopleth value.
By the curved surface for each rock stratum established, the level correlation structure of geologic body is established in GOCAD workflow
Model；According to the deck structure model of foundation, generation body Model (Sgrid), then input parameter, establishes physical property model.
Step 3：The generation of drilling
Borehole data is only used as the controlling element of aspect, substantially using text mode typing drilling dependency number in modeling
After reading in GOCAD according to, data, the information of each layer can be changed in Well Marker items and add the occurrence information of each layer.
Step 4：Rock stratum face, the modeling of construction face
The earth's surface of rock stratum is gone out into naked wire and imports GOCAD from AUTOCAD, obtains a curve object, then the attitude of rocks is changed
The tangent vector for face is calculated, earth's surface curve objects obtain one along tangent vector stretching certain distance and faced as (surface), then
This face is fitted to the discrete point position of this layer determined by drilling, footrill, obtains a curved surface, above procedure is repeated, to every
One stratal surface, fault plane model respectively, just obtain lithology, the construction distribution situation surface model in whole modeling region.
Step 5：Edit curved surface
1st, for unreasonable part on curved surface, it is adjusted by the node that triangle veil is dragged in GOCAD.
2nd, in order to which stratal surface establishes unified constraint, stratal surface is made to be located at same scope in vertical direction, in GOCAD
Surface mode models under generate Tube curved surfaces, the edit functions under the Surface mode models then passed through need to prolong
The border for the stratal surface stretched extends to Tube curved surfaces.
3rd, the unwanted part in by surfaces order cuts formations faces is passed through.
Step 6：The foundation of grid/physical model
The foundation of geologic grid model is completed by GOCAD grid model object (Sgrid).
GOCAD softwares merge the qualitative data of geology shape based on DSI interpolation methods, there is provided a kind of " geology
The concept of volume mesh "：One geology volume mesh is made up of border and inner mesh unit, and wherein border is determined by the interface of geologic body
Justice, inner mesh unit represents the inside composition of geologic body, for carrying out the Method of Stochastic of object-oriented.The interpolation side
Method includes discrete smoothing method and Ke Lige (Kriging) interpolation method.
This method goes out naked wire and the attitude of rocks as the form elements of rock stratum, control of the borehole data as aspect using rock stratum
Key element, each aspect is established, aspect is modified to meet actual conditions, then the three-dimensional in foundation research area is instructed with workflow
Geological model is by face adult.
Below with Inner Mongol jar ditch example in coal mine, the various geological informations involved by mine geological hazards are considered, tie
Closing existing geologic information, (distribution on such as stratum particularly contains, the distribution of water barrier, thickness, buried depth and rock mechanics thing
Manage the information such as experimental index), for the panel of jar ditch colliery one, three-dimensional geological body Model is established using GOCAD softwares.
First, data analysis, importing, generation point set
File is imported into GOCAD by measurement initial data dot file by text formatting.
2nd, structural relief face
GOCAD provides generates topographic map by point and curve two ways, based on the landform face of point generations, speed
Degree is fast, but precision is relatively low；And then precision is higher for the landform face based on curve generations, the fluctuating of landform can be accurately expressed.
During if any measurement initial data dot file, file can be imported into GOCAD by (File- by text formatting
Import object-Raw files-Pointset-Pointsets from columns-based file)/directly read in
GOCAD, turn into a point set object, for generating landform.
When without measurement initial data dot file, contour can be extracted by topographic map, AUTOCAD maps are saved as DXF
Form, with DXF files import GOCAD (i.e. the input of DXF files can by file-import object-acad-dxf this
The input of kind of method so can save many volumes, it is necessary to idea, needs to clear up graphic file before input after input
Volume work), a curve object is obtained, data point is extracted on these contours by certain precision, generation point set (
Under Pointsset Mode patterns, perform New-From Pointsset-Curve or Surface and line is changed to be extracted as a little
Collection), the control point as generation landform face.Point set or the point set that is introduced directly into by contour lines creation, can be participated in dimensionally
The next step computing of matter modeling.
After point set generation, face is then generated by Wizards (guide), selected in Surface creation (establishment face)
From data (without internal border) (by establishment of the data without inner boundary) are selected, select create
Outline curve from points (creating outer contour using point group) and optiamize outline curve to
Better fit points (optimization outer contour makes it be preferably fitted with point faciation), while can repeatedly click on right side
Spiral button, more suboptimization；After reaching satisfied effect, it will be carried out if necessary to preserve generation outline in objects
Renaming and preservation.Finally click on create surface and landform is generated by point set and boundary curve discrete smooth interpolation (DSI)
Curved surface.
If the node and control point on the point face of generation are misaligned, it is necessary to carry out geometry adaptation, then pass through hide
Constraints hides unwanted limitation, generates smooth landform face, finally encloses isopleth value, this is just completed
The whole ground surface in research area.
3rd, the generation of drilling
, can be Well's after data read in GOCAD substantially using text mode typing drilling related data in modeling
Marker items change the information of each layer and add the occurrence information of each layer.
4th, rock stratum face, construction face modeling
For region is modeled, the distribution of strata data obtained by drilling are extremely limited, therefore in modeling, drilling
Data are only used as the controlling element of aspect, and rock stratum goes out the form elements of naked wire and the attitude of rocks as rock stratum.First by rock stratum
Earth's surface go out naked wire from AUTOCAD import GOCAD, obtain a curve object, then the attitude of rocks is scaled the tangential of face
Amount, in GOCAD, coordinate is consistent with geologic map coordinate, and due north is Y-direction, and due east is X-direction, is upwards Z-direction, if rock stratum
Occurrence is " tendency ∠ inclination angles " (dd ∠ da, 0≤dd≤360,0≤da≤90), then the tangent vector of the aspect is：
X=cos (da) sin (dd)
Y=cos (da) cos (dd)
Z=-sin (da)
Earth's surface curve objects are obtained into one along tangent vector stretching certain distance to face as (surface), are the ground
Macroscopical grown form of aspect, the face are plane always, go out naked wire with earth's surface and occurrence data are consistent.This face is fitted again
To the discrete point position of this layer determined by drilling, footrill, a curved surface is obtained, the curved surface is on macroscopic form with going out naked wire and production
Shape data are consistent, consistent in the local Plane Location determined with drilling, can if its spread situation and geologic rule not contradiction
Think that the curved surface can simulate the stratal surface.
Repeat above procedure, each stratal surface, fault plane modeled respectively, just obtain whole modeling region lithology,
Construct distribution situation surface model.It can be seen that drilling, the quantity of footrill data, directly affect curve form and true stratal surface shape
Degree of closeness, with engineering investigation work deepen continuously, constantly improve is also next step engineering investigation weight by model
Point and geological analysis provide foundation., then will our ground to generation meanwhile the stratum of model is there is also irrational place
Stratal pinch-outs, absent region or the other unreasonable regions of the structural planes such as shape face, rock stratum face carry out editing and processing.
5th, curved surface is edited
1st, unreasonable part is edited
It is adjusted using the powerful editting functions of GOCAD.GOCAD editting function is the section by dragging triangle veil
Put to realize.When entering edlin, GOCAD node edit tool (Reshape nodes on all object are selected first
Types), the control node for the triangular facet for needing to adjust then is clicked, is moved to all directions, reaches the ideal effect of curved surface.
2nd, the unified constraint of stratal surface and cuts formation are established
Comprise the following steps that：
First, the boundary line in Selecting research region, under Surface mode models, New-built In are performed
Forms-Tube orders.So, the Tube curved surfaces of generation are exactly to be formed with studying area border from the extension of positive and negative both direction.It is long
Degree is advisable with that can cover all stratal surface borders.Perform surfacemode-edit-border-extend--one lives
Order, your value to be extended is keyed in the dialog box of ejection, other rock stratum faces are each extended over, it would be desirable to the stratal surface of extension
Border extends to Tube curved surfaces.
3rd, cuts formation face
After the extension of each rock stratum face, select us to cut away our unwanted parts, perform surface mode-
Edit-cut-by surfaces orders, selects cut face in the dialog box of ejection in surface,
Cut surface is selected in surfaceby, clicks on ok.Then the unwanted part sliced off is removed, in the point under surfacemode
Edit-part-remove orders are hit, remove the effect behind unwanted part；With finding the bottom that generated originally simultaneously
Aspect can intersect with landform face, and by these parts, also method removes unwanted part as noodles.
6th, the foundation of grid/physical model
Stratal surface up and down is defined first, calculates the Pillars between stratal surface up and down, then defines each middle stratum, and will
Middle stratum must be arranged by the old and new's order on stratum, each stratal surface among generation, finally in [guild the
Grid] unit is cut smaller in step, very serious sawtooth will occurs in the model otherwise generated.
The Sgrid models of generation need to carry out the color on each stratum in Regions attributes difference definition, and
Turn off Volume I3isplay Full Volume options in Graphic attributes, it is possible to each of generation can be clearly seen
Stratum.
By observing, analyzing geological model, some following anti-suggestion of harnessing the river is proposed to jar ditch colliery：
1st, 6# coal roof mudstone exhibitions portion situation is observed, analyzed, it is found that the mud stone is only thicker near middle sight, it is other
Region is relatively thin.Therefore in mining process, 6# coals roof mudstone certainly will be destroyed, water isolating failure.Therefore water drainage is
It is very necessary.
2nd, water level, hydraulic gradient and cone of depression distribution situation are analyzed, in water-bearing layer thicker region, this region is using ground
Face white-out Hydraulic Projects.When mining work is close to this region, while advanced leting speeper should be carried out.
3rd, 6# coal top plate sandstone cracks water-bearing layer is appeared and is observed, analyzed, it is proposed that the hydrophobic engineering in underground is arranged in more
Near appearing, the supply in the water-bearing layer is blocked, to reach the purpose of drainage.
By the understanding of the preventing and treating water working condition actual to jar ditch colliery, find jar ditch Coal Exploitation method and
More than suggestion coincide, this is also demonstrated using GOCAD three-dimensional geological models to instruct mine water management be feasible, and prospect is wide
It is wealthy.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD, it is characterised in that its process is as follows：Step 1：Data analysis, importing, generation point setDuring if any measurement initial data dot file, file can be imported into GOCAD by text formatting；When original without measuring During data dot file, contour can be extracted by topographic map, AUTOCAD maps are saved as DXF forms, imported with DXF files GOCAD；Step 2: establish structural relief faceThe point set generated according to step 1, terrain surface is generated by Surface creation functions in GOCAD, if generation Point face on node and control point it is misaligned, it is necessary to carry out geometry adaptation, then hidden by hide constraints Unwanted limitation, finally enclose isopleth value；Step 3：The generation of drillingBorehole data is only used as the controlling element of aspect, using text mode typing drilling related data, data in modeling After reading in GOCAD, the information of each layer can be changed in Well Marker items and add the occurrence information of each layer；Step 4：Rock stratum face, the modeling of construction faceThe earth's surface of rock stratum is gone out into naked wire and imports GOCAD from AUTOCAD, obtains a curve object, then the attitude of rocks is scaled The tangent vector in face, earth's surface curve objects along the tangent vector stretching certain distance obtain one face as (surface), then by this Individual face is fitted to the discrete point position of this layer determined by drilling, footrill, obtains a curved surface, above procedure is repeated, to each Stratal surface, fault plane model respectively, just obtain lithology, the construction distribution situation surface model in whole modeling region；Step 5：Edit curved surface1) for unreasonable part on curved surface, it is adjusted by the node that triangle veil is dragged in GOCAD；2) in order to which stratal surface establishes unified constraint, stratal surface is made to be located at same scope in vertical direction, GOCAD's Tube curved surfaces are generated under Surface mode models, the edit functions under the Surface mode models then passed through need to extend The border of stratal surface extend to Tube curved surfaces；3) the unwanted part in by surfaces order cuts formations faces is passed through；Step 6：The foundation of grid/physical modelThe foundation of geologic grid model is completed by GOCAD grid model object (Sgrid).
- A kind of 2. three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1 In, analyzed to resulting drilling, the distribution of well logging and according to the data of its acquirement, carrying out vector quantization to geologic section forms The files of asc II, it is input in Gocad and forms three-dimensional geological face, research area is carried out according to the stratum fluctuating of its offer, pinching etc. Modeling, increase the accuracy of modeling.
- A kind of 3. three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：GOCAD softwares Based on DSI interpolation methods, the qualitative data of geology shape is merged, a geology volume mesh is by border and inner mesh list Member composition, wherein border are by the interface definition of geologic body, and inner mesh unit represents the inside composition of geologic body, for the face of progress To the Method of Stochastic of object.
- A kind of 4. three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The interpolation Method includes discrete smoothing method and Ke Lige (Kriging) interpolation method.
- A kind of 5. three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 2 In, by the curved surface for each rock stratum established, the level correlation structural model of geologic body is established in GOCAD workflow； According to the deck structure model of foundation, generation body Model (Sgrid), then input parameter, establishes physical property model.
- A kind of 6. three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 6 In, stratal surface up and down is defined first, is calculated the Pillars between stratal surface up and down, is then defined each middle stratum, and will medially Layer must be arranged by the old and new's order on stratum, and each stratal surface, finally cuts by unit among generation.
- A kind of 7. three-dimensional geological modeling method based on GOCAD according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：This method with Rock stratum goes out the form elements of naked wire and the attitude of rocks as rock stratum, controlling element of the borehole data as aspect, establishes each aspect, Aspect is modified to meet actual conditions, then instructed with workflow to establish the three-dimensional geological model in research area by face into Body.
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