CN110308083A - A kind of test method suitable for low-intensity plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability - Google Patents
A kind of test method suitable for low-intensity plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002985 organ of corti Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
- G01N5/025—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content for determining moisture content
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of test method suitable for low-intensity plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability.Comprising the concrete steps that for this method makes six Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimens and three water absorption rate test test specimens using same plastic concrete respectively, water absorption rate test test specimen is used to the water absorption rate a of water absorption rate test device to test computational plasticity concrete, six Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimens are put on into rubber die sleeve respectively and be packed into be sealed in the die trial of opposite opened after be installed to Anti-leakage instrument, once it is added to 0.3~0.6MPa, at this pressure it is constant for 24 hours, calculate plastic concrete infiltration height Dm, then calculate each Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimen relative coefficient of permeability, take six test specimens average value be plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability.Needle of the present invention simplifies operating process, can accurately test out water absorption rate and infiltration height, then calculates accurate true relative coefficient of permeability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering fields, are suitable for the opposite infiltration of low-intensity plastic concrete more particularly to one kind
The test method of saturating coefficient.
Background technique
Plastic concrete, which refers to, has some strength, low elasticity using what bentonite (or clay) substitution part of cement was prepared
Modulus, high permeability resistant and preferable durability, adapt to moderate finite deformation, a kind of leakage proof wall material with higher anti-crack ability.
The key technical indexes is general are as follows: compression strength 1MPa≤R28≤ 5.0MPa, elastic modulus E28< 2000MPa, bullet compares by force 150~
500, coefficient of permeability K is up to 10-7Cm/s magnitude, entering the slot slump is 18~22cm, and diffusance is 34~40cm, and concrete density is then
It is not preferably less than 2100kg/cm3。
Compared with normal concrete, the performance characteristics of plastic concrete are that intensity is low, the low (normal concrete of elasticity modulus
Elasticity modulus is generally higher than 10GPa), ultimate deformation it is big (more than 1.00%, and normal concrete is only 0.08%~0.30%)
It is good etc. with working performance.Compared with rigid concrete cut-pff wall, plastic concrete cut-off wall elasticity modulus and surrounding soil phase
Poor smaller (generally within 10 times), wall can preferably adapt to the deformation of dam body and the dam foundation, and anti-seepage effect is preferable, and is not required to shake
It smashes, is easy to pump, it can Self-leveling self-compaction.Plastic concrete is used for cofferdam for the first time from Fujian Shuikou power station in 1989 by China
Cut-pff wall then promotes and applies in many large and medium-sized hydroelectric projects, as Main Dam of Xiaolangdi, Shuikou Hydraulic Station second phase upper cofferdam,
Danjiangkou Reservoir auxiliary dam, every He Yan power plant cofferdam, first stage cofferdam of Three Gorges Project, Second Stage Cofferdam for Three Gorges Project etc..In recent years, plasticity
Concrete is widely used in building a dam, dam reinforcement, cofferdam, Tall Building Foundation is anti-blends the engineerings such as garbage loading embeading.
Currently, according to DL/T 5303-2013, " water conservancy project is moulded for the anti-permeability performance test of plastic concrete in water power water conservancy industry
Property concrete test regulation " regulation carries out, including infiltration rank test, relative coefficient of permeability test and infiltration coefficient test.Its
In, it is tested by relative coefficient of permeability, measures the relative coefficient of permeability of plastic concrete, be scientific evaluation Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability
The common method of performance.
But it is specific as follows in the actual operation process, for plastic concrete the method there are still some problems:
(1) existing concrete Anti-leakage instrument is equipped with 6 metal test moulds, and specification is back cut diameter 175mm, lower port diameter
Side has been applied the plasticity coagulation of sealing material using screw press device by 185mm, the truncated cone of high 150mm, test determination
In native test specimen indentation die trial, flush test specimen with die trial bottom；But due to the lower (clay additive of plastic concrete intensity itself
When larger, or even it is also possible to lower than 1MPa), it is time-consuming and laborious when spiral organ pressurizes, and dynamics slightly controls improper, easily causes
, there is pressure break, phenomena such as test specimen falls disintegrating slag, peripheral sealing is not tight, seriously affects packer permeability test in the damage of plastic concrete test specimen
It goes on smoothly and the accuracy of test result.
(2) water absorption rate is the call parameter of computational plasticity concrete relative coefficient of permeability.Plastic concrete is mixed with bentonite
(or clay), when performance difference is also big for raw material, cooperation, inside there are a large amount of intercommunicating pores, semi-connected hole and closed pore gap, because
This, plastic concrete water absorption rate is apparently higher than normal concrete (common concrete for hydraulic structure water absorption rate is generally 0.03)；DL/T
In the test of plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability as defined in 5303-2013, test specimen water absorption rate generally uses the full water installations of vacuum to survey
Examination, there are commonly full water dispensers of concrete intelligent vacuum etc..The aquametry test specimen water absorption rate but vacuum is satisfied, including dry, is anhydrous true
The processes such as air inlet, the immersion of 18h normal pressure after empty 3h, 1h, test period, soaking time was longer at least for 24 hours, and plastic concrete test specimen is got over
Easy bubble is bad, and scaling-off or cracking can all cause the deviation of water absorption rate result；And some engineering sites do not have vacuum to satisfy water installations, nothing
The test of method progress relative coefficient of permeability.
(3) it is provided according to DL/T 5303-2013, a water pressure of relative coefficient of permeability test is 0.8MPa, and constant
24h.But plastic concrete intensity is lower, this water pressure is excessive, and the test specimen permeable and excessive hydraulic pressure of speed that is often exceedingly fast seeps
Permeability can be distorted or cause plastic concrete compression damage.Meanwhile different water pressures may influence whether the true of test data
Property.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the shortcomings of above-mentioned background technique, provide a kind of suitable for the opposite infiltration of plastic concrete
The test method of coefficient, the test method can fast and accurately test out the water absorption rate of plastic concrete, and by impervious
The die trial of instrument improves, and test can be caused to tie to avoid the specimen fails occurred during Anti-leakage instrument die trial are pressed into sample
The problem of fruit inaccuracy, it is available accurate in the case where guaranteeing the complete situation of sample by being adjusted to test parameters process
Test data.
Of the existing technology in order to solve the problems, such as, the present invention provides a kind of suitable for the opposite infiltration of low-intensity plastic concrete
The test method of saturating coefficient, it is characterised in that specific step is as follows:
(1) production is provided according to industry and conserve Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimen, six one group of test specimen, after test specimen demoulding,
The cement serous coat that both ends are brushed away with wire brush is then fed into fog room maintenance；
(2) three water absorption rate test test specimens are made using the plastic concrete with batch mixing, and standard curing is to 28d, so
Water absorption rate test test specimen is put into 105 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of drying boxes afterwards and is dried to constant weight, the weight of each dry test specimen is weighed and record
m2；
(3) prepare water absorption rate test device, specifically include one end in closed, the other end is equipped with the metal of hickey
Container, the diameter of the container is greater than the diameter or width of water absorption rate test test specimen, length is greater than three water absorption rate test test specimens
Total length placed side by side, the bore of the hickey of container is greater than the diameter or width of water absorption rate test test specimen, on container
Equipped with water pump water service pipe, the three water absorption rate test test specimens dried in step (2) are placed in container, and its hickey is led to
Seal cap sealing, and the water flowing into container are crossed, ensures that container sealing is water-tight after water flowing, then applies hydraulic pressure by the way that water service pipe is continuous,
The hydraulic pressure of water pump is controlled in 1~2MPa, continues hydraulic pressure at least 6h, takes out water absorption rate test test specimen, weigh the quality of each test specimen
m1；
(4) water absorption rate (being accurate to 0.01%) that each water absorption rate test test specimen is calculated according to formula (1), then takes three
The water absorption rate mean value of test specimen is the water absorption rate a of plastic concrete, and wherein formula (1) is as follows:
In formula: m1Test specimen quality, g after-water suction；
m2- drying test specimen quality, g.
(5) preparing the die trial of six concrete impervious instrument, each die trial includes the identical half module of left and right two sizes, and two
Hollow cavity is equipped with after the docking of a half module, inner cavity is identical as the outer dimension of concrete impervious test piece in step (1), often
A half module is equipped with threaded connector, while preparing the outer dimension phase of six with the concrete impervious test piece in step (1)
The rubber Membrane cover matched, the modeling that six rubber die sleeves are respectively fitted over outside each concrete impervious test piece, and will be inserted in rubber die sleeve
Property concrete sample is put into die trial, it is desirable that test specimen is flushed with die trial bottom, after closing die trial, then is screwed；
(6) start Anti-leakage instrument, open the valve under 6 examination positions, ooze out water from 6 holes, full of examination position hole, close impervious
The test specimen being sealed is mounted on Anti-leakage instrument by instrument；
(7) Anti-leakage instrument water pressure is once added to 0.3~0.6MPa, starts simultaneously at the record time, be accurate to point, presses herein
It is constant under power to be then depressured for 24 hours, test specimen is taken out from die trial；In constant voltage process, when seeping water if any test specimen end face, i.e.,
The test for stopping test specimen, and writes down water discharging time, is accurate to point, at this time the infiltration height D of the test specimenmThe as height of test specimen；
(8) in step (7) for 24 hours after not permeable test specimen, rived respectively with press machine, point ten equal parts, which measure, seeps
Water height, reading are accurate to 1mm, using the average value of each Along ent infiltration height as the infiltration height D of the test specimenm；
(9) mixed using each plasticity tested in the water absorption rate a and step (8) of the plastic concrete calculated in step (4)
The infiltration height D of solidifying soil impervious test piecem, each Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimen relative coefficient of permeability is calculated according to formula (2), is taken
Relative coefficient of permeability of the average value of six test specimens as plastic concrete, wherein formula (2) is specific as follows:
In formula: k-relative coefficient of permeability, cm/s；
Dm- infiltration height, cm；
H-water pressure, is indicated with water-column, cm, and 1MPa water pressure is equal to 10200cm water-column；
T-constant voltage time, s；
A-concrete water absorption rate, %.
The present invention preferably technical solution: Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimen is upper surface diameter in the step (1)
The truncated cone of 175mm, lower end surface diameter 185mm, high 150mm；It is formed after two half module docking in the step (5) suitable for reading
The interface of diameter 175mm, lower port diameter 185mm, the truncated cone of high 150mm, and two sides distinguishes outside horizontal extension, point
It Tong Guo not two fastening bolt connections.
The present invention preferably technical solution: the cube that the water absorption rate test test specimen in the step (2) is side length 100mm
OrCylinder test specimen, standard curing；Canister in the step (4) is bore 150mm
The steel pipe container of~250mm, long 500mm~800mm.
The present invention preferably technical solution: it is as follows to measure process for not permeable test specimen infiltration height in the step (8): examination
After part is rived, by 10 equal part of bottom edge of splitting surface, crossing 2min~3min can be seen that washmarking, go out each equal part with stroke at this time
Washmarking position, measured at each Along ent infiltration height h1, h2..., h11, reading is accurate to 1mm, and is seeped water with each Along ent
Infiltration height D of the average value of height as test specimenm。
The present invention preferably technical solution: in the step (8) its not permeable test specimen before being rived using press machine,
First at test specimen upper and lower end faces diameter, the steel filler strip that a diameter is 6mm is put by parallel direction.
The present invention preferably technical solution: in the constant voltage process of step (7), discovery water is oozed out from test specimen periphery, should be stopped
It only tests, reseals.
The present invention preferably technical solution: the Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimen uses 28d age cubic compressive strength
It is made in 5MPa plastic concrete below.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with existing
(1) present invention has carried out structure improvement for Anti-leakage instrument die trial, and existing integral type die trial is designed to by two
It point is bolted, and is arranged with outside sample after seal rubber film and is directly placed in die trial, it is solid by bolt
Fixed sealing can, simplify operating process, saved the operating time, avoid low-intensity plastic concrete test specimen by machine
It is damaged caused by tool pressure, has ensured the accurate reliability of impervious test result.
(2) present invention devises special water absorption rate measurement device for plastic concrete, and structure is simple, test side
Just, and test result accuracy rate is high, measures simple and easy, scientific and reasonable, high-efficient, at low cost.
(3) water pressure is arranged according to engineering practice in the present invention, more scientific and reasonable, neither will cause test specimen and is damaged, again
Close to engine request, plastic concrete and other weak concretes are particularly suitable for, obtained relative coefficient of permeability test
As a result accurate true.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is plastic concrete water absorption rate assay device structures schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram after the die trial combination of Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability instrument in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the separated structural schematic diagram of the die trial of Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability instrument in the present invention.
In figure: 1-cylinder-shaped steel container, 2-pressure gauges, 3-water pumps, 4-sealing covers, 5-water pump water service pipes, 6-
Half module, 7-horizontal connecting surfaces, 8-screw holes, 9-die cavitys, 10-fastening bolts, 11-rubber Membrane covers, the examination of 12-water absorption rate tests
Part.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to such as figure, the present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment.Attached drawing 1 is to implement to Fig. 3
The attached drawing of example, is drawn by the way of simplified, is only used for purpose that is clear, compactly illustrating the embodiment of the present invention.Below to
The technical solution showed in attached drawing is the concrete scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended that limitation claimed invention
Range.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without creative efforts
The every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Plastic concrete water absorption rate measurement device used in embodiment is specific as shown in Figure 1, including that cylindric steel holds
Device 1 and water pump 3 with pressure monitoring device 2, pressure monitoring device includes pressure sensor and controller, can be monitored automatically
With the pressure in adjustment container, one end of the cylinder-shaped steel container 1 is in closed, and the other end is equipped with hickey, and
Hickey end is equipped with the sealing cover 4 being threadedly coupled and sets between sealing cover 4 and hickey in order to ensure its sealing effect
There is seal rubber washer, be equipped on cylinder-shaped steel container 1 and seal the outlet pass being connected to water pump water service pipe 5, water pump 3 is logical
It crosses water pump water service pipe 5 to be connected to cylinder-shaped steel container 1, and can be to cylinder-shaped steel container 1 plus water.Due to the suction in embodiment
Water rate tests the cube that test specimen is side length 100mm, so the bore of tubular steel vessel 1 is arranged to 150mm~250mm, it is long
500mm~800mm.
Concrete impervious instrument used in embodiment be existing concrete impervious instrument, die trial specific structure such as Fig. 2 and
Shown in Fig. 3, including the identical half module 6 of left and right two sizes, the both sides of the edge of each half module are respectively equipped with equal with half module height
Horizontal connecting surface 7, opened up on each horizontal connecting surface 7 there are two connecting screw hole 8, form one after the docking of two half modules 7
A hollow die cavity 9, the geomery of hollow membrane cavity 9 is identical as the outer dimension of concrete impervious test piece in embodiment, tool
Body is back cut diameter 175mm, lower port diameter 185mm, the truncated cone of high 150mm.The identical half module 6 of left and right two sizes
It is connected after docking by fastening bolt 10, in order to guarantee its sealing effect, rubber gasket can be set in interface.It is every simultaneously
A die trial is equipped with a rubber Membrane cover 11 identical with 9 size of die cavity, shape and does not need in addition to smear close when being packed into test specimen
Rubber Membrane cover 10 is directly set in outside test specimen by closure material, can ensure its sealing effect.
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment is tested for certain hydroelectric project material for diaphragm wall of Cofferdam using plastic concrete, according to cut-pff wall depth and
Concrete engineering requirement, design requirement plastic concrete 28d compression strength are not less than 3.0MPa, and mould is by force than < 250, the water column of receiving
Height 60m, relative coefficient of permeability is up to 10-7Cm/s rank.
Project team has prepared the plastic concrete for meeting its requirement for above-mentioned implementation project, and carries out for the concrete
Mechanics and anti-permeability performance are tested, which includes: mixing water, 42.5 normal silicate water of Hua Xin
Mud, the low liquid limit clay of local stock ground excavation, the II class waterproofing and anti-leakage agent of Tong Keyuan Co., Ltd, Shenzhen production, SBS are modified
The broken sand material of cationic emulsified asphalt, the processing of engineering locality (rubble that middle sand, maximum particle diameter are less than 20mm), Jiangsu Soviet Union
The JM-II high efficiency water reducing agent (standard type) that Bo Te company produces.Its specific preparation process is as follows:
(1) according to mass fraction, 7.17 parts of water, 8.09 parts of portland cement, 2.31 parts of clay, cracking resistance impervious agent are weighed
1.16 parts, 4.62 parts of emulsified asphalt, 56.89 parts of sand, 19.69 parts of stone and 0.07 part of water-reducing agent；
(2) cement weighed up, clay and waterproofing and anti-leakage agent to be mixed uniformly in advance, water-reducing agent is dissolved in mixing water in advance, then
Emulsified asphalt is added；Blender is rinsed well, and premixing concrete batching system of the same race on a small quantity, making will after blender inner wall hanging
Remaining material is drawn off, and is poured on and is mixed and stirred on steel plate, mixes and stirs steel plate with mix wetting；
(3) sand weighed up, cementitious material powder, stone are sequentially added in blender, start blender stirring 1min,
Then solution is added, 2min is not to be exceeded in total feed time.Then proceed to stirring 4min.Mixed concrete mix is discharged at
On steel plate, the mix being bonded on blender is slightly scraped off, is manually turned 2~3 times, is allowed to uniformly, that is, prepare high tenacity
Emulsified asphalt plastic concrete.
Mechanics Performance Testing is carried out for the plastic concrete of above-mentioned preparation.According to DL/T 5303-2013 " water conservancy project plasticity
Concrete test regulation " relevant regulations, the Mechanics Performance Testing of this plastic concrete is carried out, test result is shown in Table 1.
1 high tenacity emulsified asphalt plastic concrete the performance test results of table
Test result shows that the plastic concrete mix of preparation is functional, and the cubic compressive strength of 28d age is
3.9MPa, mould compare by force 211, meet design requirement.
Since the compression strength of the plastic concrete is lower, existing concrete filtration coefficient test method can not be accurate
Test out its infiltration coefficient, and sample can be damaged during the test, in order to guarantee the test of its infiltration coefficient
Accurately, it is tested using the method in the present invention, the specific steps of which are as follows:
(1) production and maintenance Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimen are provided by DL/T 5303-2013, having a size of back cut diameter
The truncated cone of 175mm, lower port diameter 185mm, high 150mm, 6 are one group.After test specimen demoulding, both ends are brushed away with wire brush
Cement serous coat, be then fed into fog room maintenance；
(2) using the plastic concrete with batch mixing, 3 groups of cube specimen totally 9 of molding side length 100mm, standard is supported
Then each test specimen is put into 105 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of drying boxes and dries to constant weight, weigh and record each dry test specimen weight to 28d by shield
Measure m2；
(3) every group 3 in step (2) dry test specimens are put into above-mentioned plastic concrete water absorption rate measurement device in batches
In cylinder steel vessel, one end closing, the other end is covered tightly by the sealing of sealing cover lid, ensures that container sealing is not leaked after water flowing
Water, and water flowing pressurization is continued by water pump, by hydraulic pressure control in 1.5MPa, hydraulic pressure is shown on Instrument for Pressure dial plate；First group is held
Continuous hydraulic pressure 6h, second group of lasting hydraulic pressure 8h, third group continue hydraulic pressure 10h, every group of 3 test specimens are taken out, after weighing water suction respectively
Quality m1, the water absorption rate of each test specimen is calculated according to lower formula (1), then using the mean value of every group of three test specimens as the group
Water absorption rate, calculated result is as shown in table 2, and formula (1) is specific as follows:
In formula: m1Test specimen quality, g after-water suction；
m2- drying test specimen quality, g.
2 plastic concrete test specimen moisture content test result of table
| Test specimen marshalling | Soaking time (h) | Water absorption rate (%) | Increasing value (%) | Remarks |
| S1 | 6 | 5.71 | — | |
| S2 | 8 | 6.12 | 0.41 | S2-S1 |
| S3 | 10 | 6.31 | 0.19 | S3-S2 |
As can be seen from Table 2, test specimen water absorption rate gradually increases with the extension of absorbent time, but the difference of three groups of test specimens is only
0.60%, after impregnating 8h, water absorption rate is basicly stable, therefore, using the water absorption rate test result of immersion 8h as the embodiment
In plastic concrete water absorption rate a；
(4) prepare six with the concrete impervious instrument die trial split around, specification is back cut diameter 175mm, lower port diameter
185mm, the truncated cone of high 150mm；Each plastic concrete test specimen side in step (1) is put on into sizeable rubber
Membrane cover is put into Anti-leakage instrument die trial, and test specimen is flushed with die trial bottom, then closes die trial, and be screwed, and guarantees that test specimen is close
Envelope, periphery are water-tight；
(5) start Anti-leakage instrument, open the valve under 6 examination positions, ooze out water from 6 holes, full of examination position hole, close impervious
The test specimen being sealed is mounted on Anti-leakage instrument by instrument；
(6) design requirement water-column 60m is equal to 10200cm water-column meter according to 1MPa water pressure, therefore, design
It is required that water pressure 6000/10200=0.588MPa, the water pressure H=0.6MPa that this experiment uses, i.e. water-column
6120cm.Anti-leakage instrument water pressure is once added to 0.6MPa, start simultaneously at record the time, at this pressure it is constant for 24 hours.Decompression takes
Out after test specimen, at the diameter of test specimen upper/lower terminal face, the steel filler strip of a diameter 6mm is respectively put by parallel direction, it will with press machine
Test piece splitting.By 10 equal part of bottom edge of splitting surface, crossing 2min~3min can be seen that washmarking, go out each equal part with stroke at this time
Washmarking position measures infiltration height h at each Along ent1, h2..., h11, and using each Along ent infiltration height average value as
The infiltration height D of the test specimenm。
(7) plastic concrete water absorption rate a=6.12% is arrived using in step (3), seep water height obtained in step (6)
Dm, the relative coefficient of permeability of each plastic concrete test specimen is calculated according to following formula (2), calculation formula (2) is specific as follows:
In formula: k-relative coefficient of permeability, cm/s；Dm- infiltration height, cm；
H-water pressure, is indicated with water-column, cm, and 1MPa water pressure is equal to 10200cm water-column；
T-constant voltage time, s；A-concrete water absorption rate, %；
The anti-permeability performance test result of six test specimens is shown in Table 3, and the relative coefficient of permeability mean value of six test specimens is taken to make
For the relative coefficient of permeability of the plastic concrete, therefore, the relative coefficient of permeability of the plastic concrete in the present embodiment is 6.78
×10-7。
The anti-permeability performance test result of 3 six plastic concretes of table
To verify implementation result of the invention, using the plastic concrete test specimen of same batch, according to DL/T 5303-2013
" water conservancy project plastic concrete testing regulations " relative coefficient of permeability concrete regulation, (i.e. test specimen water absorption rate is using the full water dispenser measurement of vacuum；
Test specimen side covers rubber membrane or cement grease seal material, then test specimen is pressed into die trial with screw press device, until test specimen
It is flushed with die trial bottom；Water pressure is once added to 0.8MPa), carry out relative coefficient of permeability test, test result is shown in Table 4.
In constant voltage process, when infiltration phenomenon occurs in test specimen end face, stops the test of the test specimen, write down water discharging time, this
When the test specimen infiltration height DmThe as height 15cm of test specimen；In test process, B-4 test specimen presses water 1.0h, that is, leak serious,
Peripheral sealing is not tight during doubtful loading Anti-leakage instrument or test specimen is caused by damaged, internal generation crack, therefore, picks
Except B-4 test specimen as a result, its test result is as shown in table 4:
The anti-permeability performance test result (DL/T 5303-2013 prescriptive procedure) of 4 plastic concrete of table
Test result in table 4 shows that it is in 6.23%, with table 3 that the water absorption rate of test specimen is measured using vacuum water conservation machine
6.12% result is suitable, illustrates that water absorption rate measurement device of the present invention is effective and feasible.
Table 4 tests test specimen at constant water pressure 0.8MPa, and average water discharging time 10.2h, what is be accordingly calculated is averaged
Relative coefficient of permeability is 2.35 × 10-6Cm/s, hence it is evident that the average relative coefficient of permeability 6.78 obtained higher than test method of the present invention
×10-7As a result cm/s differs an order of magnitude unexpectedly.
Since relative coefficient of permeability is higher, showing that the water penetration of concrete is better, i.e., impermeability is poorer, therefore, for
Low intensive plastic concrete, method test result as defined in DL/T 5303-2013 is higher, underestimates the anti-of plastic concrete
Infiltration ability, and the result that test method of the present invention obtains is more accurate.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of test method suitable for low-intensity plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability, it is characterised in that specific steps are such as
Under:
(1) production and maintenance Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimen are provided according to industry, six one group of test specimen, after test specimen demoulding, uses steel
Wire brush brushes away the cement serous coat at both ends, is then fed into fog room maintenance；
(2) using the plastic concrete with batch mixing, three water absorption rate test test specimens are made, and then standard curing will to 28d
Water absorption rate test test specimen is put into 105 DEG C of ± 5 DEG C of drying boxes and dries to constant weight, and weighs and record the weight m of each dry test specimen2；
(3) prepare water absorption rate test device, specifically include one end in closed, the metal that the other end is equipped with hickey holds
Device, the diameter of the container is greater than the diameter or width of water absorption rate test test specimen, length is greater than three water absorption rate test test specimens simultaneously
The total length set is discharged, the bore of the hickey of container is greater than the diameter or width of water absorption rate test test specimen, sets on container
There is water pump water service pipe, the three water absorption rate test test specimens dried in step (2) is placed in container, and its hickey is passed through
Seal cap sealing, and the water flowing into container ensure that container sealing is water-tight after water flowing, then apply hydraulic pressure, control by the way that water service pipe is continuous
The hydraulic pressure of water pump processed continues hydraulic pressure at least 6h in 1~2MPa, takes out water absorption rate test test specimen, weighs the quality m of each test specimen1；
(4) water absorption rate (being accurate to 0.01%) that each water absorption rate test test specimen is calculated according to formula (1), then takes three test specimens
Water absorption rate mean value be plastic concrete water absorption rate a, wherein formula (1) is as follows:
In formula: m1Test specimen quality, g after-water suction；
m2- drying test specimen quality, g.
(5) preparing the die trial of six concrete impervious instrument, each die trial includes the identical half module of left and right two sizes, and two and half
Hollow cavity is equipped with after the docking of mould, inner cavity is identical as the outer dimension of concrete impervious test piece in step (1), Mei Geban
Mould is equipped with threaded connector, while the outer dimension for preparing six and the concrete impervious test piece in step (1) matches
Six rubber die sleeves are respectively fitted over outside each concrete impervious test piece, and the plasticity for being inserted in rubber die sleeve are mixed by rubber Membrane cover
Solidifying soil test specimen is put into die trial, it is desirable that test specimen is flushed with die trial bottom, after closing die trial, then is screwed；
(6) start Anti-leakage instrument, open the valve under 6 examination positions, ooze out water from 6 holes, full of examination position hole, close Anti-leakage instrument,
The test specimen being sealed is mounted on Anti-leakage instrument；
(7) Anti-leakage instrument water pressure is once added to 0.3~0.6MPa, starts simultaneously at the record time, be accurate to point, at this pressure
It is constant to be then depressured for 24 hours, test specimen is taken out from die trial；In constant voltage process, when seeping water if any test specimen end face, that is, stop
The test of test specimen, and write down water discharging time, is accurate to point, at this time the infiltration height D of the test specimenmThe as height of test specimen；
(8) in step (7) for 24 hours after not permeable test specimen, rived respectively with press machine, it is high that point ten equal parts measure infiltration
Degree, reading are accurate to 1mm, using the average value of each Along ent infiltration height as the infiltration height D of the test specimenm；
(9) using each plastic concrete tested in the water absorption rate a and step (8) of the plastic concrete calculated in step (4)
The infiltration height D of impervious test piecem, each Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimen relative coefficient of permeability is calculated according to formula (2), takes six
Relative coefficient of permeability of the average value of test specimen as plastic concrete, wherein formula (2) is specific as follows:
In formula: k-relative coefficient of permeability, cm/s；
Dm- infiltration height, cm；
H-water pressure, is indicated with water-column, cm, and 1MPa water pressure is equal to 10200cm water-column；
T-constant voltage time, s；
A-concrete water absorption rate, %.
2. a kind of test method suitable for low-intensity plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimen is upper surface diameter 175mm, lower end surface diameter 185mm, height in the step (1)
The truncated cone of 150mm；Back cut diameter 175mm, lower port diameter 185mm are formed after two half module docking in the step (5),
The truncated cone of high 150mm, and the interface of two sides distinguishes outside horizontal extension, passes through two fastening bolt connections respectively.
3. a kind of test method suitable for low-intensity plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: cube that water absorption rate test test specimen in the step (2) is side length 100mm or
Cylinder test specimen, standard curing；Canister in the step (4) be bore 150mm~250mm, long 500mm~
The steel pipe container of 800mm.
4. a kind of test method suitable for low-intensity plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: it is as follows to measure process for not permeable test specimen infiltration height in the step (8): after test specimen is rived, by splitting surface
10 equal part of bottom edge, cross 2min~3min i.e. can be seen that washmarking, go out the washmarking position of each equal part with stroke at this time, in each equal part
Infiltration height h is measured at point1, h2..., h11, read and be accurate to 1mm, and using the average value of each Along ent infiltration height as examination
The infiltration height D of partm。
5. a kind of test method suitable for low-intensity plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: its not permeable test specimen is first straight in test specimen upper and lower end faces before being split using press machine in the step (8)
At diameter, the steel filler strip that a diameter is 6mm is put by parallel direction.
6. a kind of test method suitable for low-intensity plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: in the constant voltage process of step (7), discovery water is oozed out from test specimen periphery, should be stopped testing, be resealed.
7. as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6 a kind of suitable for low-intensity plastic concrete relative coefficient of permeability
Test method, it is characterised in that: the Appraisal for Plastic Concrete Anti-permeability test specimen use 28d age cubic compressive strength 5MPa with
Under plastic concrete be made.
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| CN112595648A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-02 | 广东省水利水电科学研究院 | Device and method for detecting seepage failure ratio degradation quality of core sample of plastic concrete wall |
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| CN116465814A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-21 | 四川省兴冶岩土工程检测有限责任公司 | Concrete impermeability instrument control system, method and computer readable storage medium |
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