CN110305440B - Environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L55/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08L23/00 - C08L53/00
- C08L55/02—ABS [Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene] polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K3/2279—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of antimony
- C08K2003/2282—Antimonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/328—Phosphates of heavy metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/08—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing additives to improve the compatibility between two polymers
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-88 parts of ABS resin, 3-40 parts of polyolefin resin and 2-8 parts of compatilizer, wherein the compatilizer is at least one of ABS grafted maleic anhydride, ABS grafted polyethylene, ABS grafted methyl methacrylate and ethylene butyl acrylate copolymer. According to the invention, the toughness and weather resistance of the material are improved by alloying the ABS and the polyolefin resin, the performance deficiency of the flame-retardant ABS material is greatly made up, and the processing and application defects of the material are solved by developing the compatilizer and the thermal stabilization system, so that the material has a good industrial application value. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a preparation method of the environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ABS composite materials, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ABS resin is a terpolymer consisting of acrylonitrile, styrene and butadiene, has the advantages of high fluidity of styrene, toughness of butadiene, solvent resistance and heat resistance of acrylonitrile, excellent processability, low-temperature resistance, electric insulation performance, high gloss, excellent electroplating performance, good creep resistance, high dimensional stability, small molding shrinkage and the like, and is widely applied to plastic products in the fields of household appliances, automobiles, electronic appliances and the like.
When the ABS material is applied to the peripheral position of an electric product in contact with electric heat, the material is required to have high flame retardant property in order to ensure fireproof safety, but the oxygen index of the ABS is only 18 percent, and the ABS material belongs to a flammable material and cannot meet the industrial application requirement. Although ABS can be endowed with better flame retardance by selectively adding a certain amount of antimony bromide flame retardant, the mechanical property of the material is general, and the technical requirement of the material in a special application environment cannot be met.
The toughness of the material is improved by adding certain polyolefin resin in the flame-retardant ABS material system, and meanwhile, the material is endowed with certain weather resistance, but the processing temperature difference of the polyolefin resin and the flame-retardant ABS material system causes the polyolefin resin to be easily decomposed and discolored in the processing process, thereby influencing the product application and the appearance of a workpiece; moreover, ABS has poor compatibility with polyolefin, and often has the defects of delamination and peeling in production and use. In view of the basic situation of the current research, on the premise of maintaining the excellent flame retardant property and physical property of the ABS polyolefin alloy material, a composition with better thermal stability and capable of solving the defect of material molding appearance still needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-88 parts of ABS resin, 3-40 parts of polyolefin resin and 2-8 parts of compatilizer, wherein the compatilizer is at least one of ABS grafted maleic anhydride, ABS grafted polyethylene, ABS grafted methyl methacrylate and ethylene butyl acrylate copolymer.
The invention creatively provides the alloying performance development of the polyolefin resin and the ABS resin, effectively solves the compatibility of the ABS resin and the polyolefin resin by designing the compatilizer with a specific chemical structure, realizes better mechanical property of the material, overcomes the problem of larger technical bottleneck existing in the alloy development of the polyolefin and the ABS, ensures that the obtained composite material has higher cost performance, and the alloy material has excellent low-temperature toughness, solvent resistance and weather resistance, and has excellent comprehensive performance and mass production application value.
Preferably, the ABS resin consists of grafted polybutadiene rubber and a grafted polystyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, and the weight ratio of the grafted polybutadiene rubber to the grafted polystyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer is (5-80): (20-95). In this proportion, the ABS resin has better toughness, heat resistance, processing fluidity and mechanical property.
Preferably, the polyolefin resin is chlorinated polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride produced by a hydrochloric acid phase suspension method, and the mass percentage of chlorine in the polyolefin resin is 30-40%. Under the proportion, the material has good thermal stability and fluidity and excellent mechanical property.
Preferably, the environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material further comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7-17 parts of bromine flame retardant and 3-6 parts of antimony flame retardant.
More preferably, the bromine-based flame retardant is at least one of decabromodiphenyl ethane, decabromodiphenyl ether, brominated epoxy resin, brominated polystyrene, tetrabromobisphenol A and tris (tribromophenyl) triazine; the antimony flame retardant is at least one of antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, antimonate and antimony phosphate.
Preferably, the environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material further comprises 0.1-3 parts by weight of a heat stabilizer, wherein the heat stabilizer is at least one of methyl tin mercaptide, butyl tin, calcium zinc stabilizer and methyl tin maleate.
More preferably, the heat stabilizer is methyl tin maleate. In contrast, among the thermal stabilizers used, butyltin, which is easily decomposed to give dibutyltin, is a substance capable of disturbing the action of biological endocrine, and has been subject to the requirement of limited use in REACH regulation; on one hand, methyl tin mercaptide has large smell, and on the other hand, the overall color of the material is influenced; the calcium-zinc stabilizer has low thermal stability efficiency and large addition amount; due to the special chemical structure of the methyltin maleate, the methyltin maleate has the advantages of higher efficiency on thermal decomposition of chlorinated polyethylene in the material forming process, small addition amount and lower smell.
More preferably, the methyl tin maleate is obtained by mixing monomethyl tin maleate and dimethyl tin maleate, wherein the mass percentage of tin in the methyl tin maleate is 30-50%, and the methyl tin maleate has better initial thermal stability and degradation discoloration inhibition effect within the range. The heat stabilizer is an environment-friendly high-efficiency heat stabilizer, has good thermal stability efficiency, solves the problem of poor thermal stability in the processing process of ABS/polyolefin alloy, and realizes good processing performance of materials.
More preferably, the structural formula of the dimethyltin maleate is shown in formula (1), and the structural formula of the monomethyl tin maleate is shown in formula (2):
wherein, R1 and R2 can be hydrogen group, alkyl group, alkoxy group, carboxyl group, carbonyl group, ester group, preferably methyl.
Preferably, the environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material also comprises 0.3-2 parts by weight of processing aid.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing all the components in a high-speed stirring mixer or independently feeding the components into a double-screw extruder through a metering feeder;
(2) under the conveying, mixing and shearing actions of a double-screw extruder, fully melting and plasticizing each component in the formula, kneading and mixing, extruding through a machine head, bracing, cooling, granulating, drying and packaging to obtain the novel environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material; wherein, the temperature of each section of screw of the double-screw extruder from the charging opening to the machine head is respectively: the first zone is 80 ℃, the second zone is 160 ℃, the third zone is 180 ℃, the fourth zone is 190 ℃, the fifth zone is 190 ℃, the sixth zone is 190 ℃, the seventh zone is 180 ℃, the eighth zone is 180 ℃, the ninth zone is 180 ℃, the head is 200 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 300-400rpm, and the length-diameter ratio of the double-screw extruder is 40: 1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the toughness and weather resistance of the material are improved by alloying the ABS and the polyolefin resin, the performance deficiency of the flame-retardant ABS material is greatly made up, and the processing and application defects of the material are solved by developing the compatilizer and the thermal stabilization system, so that the material has a good industrial application value.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
The preparation method of the ABS composite material in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) ABS resin, polyolefin resin, brominated flame retardant, antimony flame retardant, compatilizer and processing aid are uniformly mixed in a high-speed stirring mixer or independently enter a double-screw extruder through a metering feeder;
(2) under the conveying, mixing and shearing actions of a double-screw extruder, fully melting and plasticizing each component in the formula, kneading and mixing, extruding through a machine head, bracing, cooling, granulating, drying and packaging to obtain the novel environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material; wherein, the temperature of each section of screw of the double-screw extruder from the charging opening to the machine head is respectively: the first zone is 80 ℃, the second zone is 160 ℃, the third zone is 180 ℃, the fourth zone is 190 ℃, the fifth zone is 190 ℃, the sixth zone is 190 ℃, the seventh zone is 180 ℃, the eighth zone is 180 ℃, the ninth zone is 180 ℃, the head is 200 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 300-400rpm, and the length-diameter ratio of the double-screw extruder is 40: 1.
The specific evaluation methods of the respective properties in the examples are as follows:
when the flame-retardant ABS material is molded, as the size of a workpiece is larger, the molding period is longer, the shearing of a point gate is stronger, the material is degraded to generate appearance defects such as heterochromatic grains and the like, the color of the injection molding square plate at 200 ℃ is used as the ground color, the chromatic aberration and the b value change of the injection molding square plate are calculated at 200 ℃ after the injection molding square plate is subjected to heat retention at 220 ℃ for 5min, and the magnitude of delta E is compared for evaluation; the measurement criteria for specific properties are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 measurement standards for the respective Properties
The present invention is provided with examples 1 to 11, and the components in examples 1 to 5 are all commercially available as shown in table 2, and unless otherwise specified, the components and contents are the same as in example 5 except that the weight ratio of the grafted polybutadiene rubber to the grafted polystyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer in examples 6 and 7 is different from that in example 5, and the weight ratio of the grafted polybutadiene rubber to the grafted polystyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer in examples 6 and 7 is 2: 98. 85: 15; in examples 8 and 9, the composition and content were the same as in example 5 except that the chlorine content in the polyolefin resin was different, and in examples 8 and 9, the chlorine content in the polyolefin resin was 25% and 45%, respectively; the contents of tin in methyl tin maleate in examples 10 and 11 were 25% and 55% as in example 5 except that the contents of tin in methyl tin maleate in examples 10 and 11 were different:
TABLE 2 selection of ingredients in examples 1 to 5
The content and performance test results of each component in specific examples 1 to 11 are shown in table 3:
table 3 test results of the contents and properties of the components in examples 1 to 11
As can be seen from Table 3, the ABS composite material provided by the invention has excellent low-temperature toughness, solvent resistance, weather resistance and flame retardance, and has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and a high volume production application value. Comparing examples 6 and 7 with example 5, it is found that when the weight ratio of the grafted polybutadiene rubber to the grafted polystyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer is (5-80): (20-95), the ABS composite material has better comprehensive performance; comparing examples 8 and 9 with example 5, it is found that when the mass percentage of chlorine in the polyolefin resin is 30-40%, the ABS composite material has more excellent comprehensive mechanical properties; comparing examples 10 and 11 with example 5, it is found that when the mass percentage of tin in the methyl tin maleate is 30-50%, the ABS composite material has better thermal stability and smaller heat retention color difference delta E.
In addition, the invention is provided with experimental groups 1-7 and comparison groups 1-3, and the experimental group and the comparison group of the invention specifically adopt the following raw materials, but are not limited to the raw materials:
ABS resin: the rubber material is composed of grafted polybutadiene rubber and a grafted polystyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, wherein the weight ratio of the grafted polybutadiene rubber to the grafted polystyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer is (5-80): (20-95) such as ABS PA-757;
polyolefin resin: chlorinated polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride produced by adopting a hydrochloric acid phase suspension method has the mass percentage of chlorine in the polyolefin resin of 30-40 percent, such as CPE-135A.
Brominated flame retardants: selecting a product of Israel dead sea bromine;
antimony-based flame retardant: selected from the Chanchen products;
a compatilizer: selected from ABS grafted methyl methacrylate;
thermal stabilizer: selected from methyltin maleate, the tin content is 42%; the heat stabilizers of the experimental groups 2-5 and the comparison group 2 are all methyltin maleate, and the methyltin maleate can be monomethyl tin maleate, dimethyl tin maleate or a mixture of the monomethyl tin maleate and the dimethyl tin maleate.
Processing aid: the antioxidant is Irganox 1010 and Irganox 168 obtained by refining gasoline, and the lubricant is selected from N, N' -Ethylene Bis Stearamide (EBS) and polytetrafluoroethylene anti-dripping agent X-010.
The contents of the components and the performance test results of the experimental groups 1 to 7 and the control groups 1 to 3 are shown in Table 4:
TABLE 4 test results of the contents of the components and the performances of the test groups 1 to 7 and the control groups 1 to 3
As can be seen from Table 4, comparing control 1 with control 3, the addition of polyolefin resin can improve the weatherability and toughness of the material; compared with the control group 3, the addition of the compatilizer in the experimental group 1 can effectively improve the impact property of the material and solve the problem of peeling of the workpiece; compared with the experimental groups 2 and 3 and the experimental group 6, the thermal stabilizer of the methyl tin maleate has better color stability, wherein the color stability is better after the methyl tin maleate and the methyl tin maleate are mixed, and the heat retention color difference can be well reduced; compared with the control group 2, the material of the experimental group 2 can only reach the V-2 flame retardant grade under the condition of the same flame retardant content and no polyolefin resin, but has smaller weather resistance color difference and better weather resistance.
It can be seen from the combination of tables 3 and 4 that the ABS composite material of the present invention has excellent low temperature toughness, solvent resistance, weather resistance, flame retardancy and other comprehensive properties and application value in mass production under the combined action of the polyolefin resin, the compatibilizer and the heat stabilizer.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 50-88 parts of ABS resin, 20-40 parts of polyolefin resin and 2-8 parts of compatilizer, wherein the compatilizer is at least one of ABS grafted maleic anhydride, ABS grafted polyethylene, ABS grafted methyl methacrylate and ethylene butyl acrylate copolymer; the polyolefin resin is chlorinated polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride produced by a hydrochloric acid phase suspension method, and the mass percentage of chlorine in the polyolefin resin is 30-40%;
the environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material also comprises 0.1-3 parts by weight of heat stabilizer, wherein the heat stabilizer is methyl tin maleate; the methyl tin maleate is prepared by mixing monomethyl tin maleate and dimethyl tin maleate, wherein the mass percentage of tin in the methyl tin maleate is 30-50%.
2. The environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ABS resin is composed of grafted polybutadiene rubber and grafted polystyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, and the weight ratio of the grafted polybutadiene rubber to the grafted polystyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer is (5-80): (20-95).
3. The environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material as claimed in any of claims 1-2, characterized by further comprising the following components in parts by weight: 7-17 parts of bromine flame retardant and 3-6 parts of antimony flame retardant.
4. The environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the brominated flame retardant is at least one of decabromodiphenylethane, decabromodiphenylether, brominated epoxy resin, brominated polystyrene, tetrabromobisphenol A, tris (tribromophenyl) triazine; the antimony flame retardant is at least one of antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, antimonate and antimony phosphate.
5. The environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material as claimed in any of claims 1-2, characterized in that it further comprises 0.3-2 parts by weight of processing aid.
6. The preparation method of the environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing all the components in a high-speed stirring mixer or independently feeding the components into a double-screw extruder through a metering feeder;
(2) under the conveying, mixing and shearing actions of a double-screw extruder, fully melting and plasticizing all components in the formula, kneading and mixing, extruding through a machine head, bracing, cooling, granulating, drying and packaging to obtain the environment-friendly flame-retardant ABS composite material; wherein, the temperature of each section of screw of the double-screw extruder from the charging opening to the machine head is respectively: the first zone is 80 ℃, the second zone is 160 ℃, the third zone is 180 ℃, the fourth zone is 190 ℃, the fifth zone is 190 ℃, the sixth zone is 190 ℃, the seventh zone is 180 ℃, the eighth zone is 180 ℃, the ninth zone is 180 ℃, the head is 200 ℃, the screw rotation speed is 300-400rpm, and the length-diameter ratio of the double-screw extruder is 40: 1.
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| PCT/CN2020/092622 WO2020253483A1 (en) | 2019-06-17 | 2020-05-27 | Environment-friendly flame-retardant abs composite material and preparation method therefor |
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| KR102446459B1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2022-09-21 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Semiconductor resist composition, and method of forming patterns using the composition |
| KR102446362B1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2022-09-21 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Semiconductor resist composition, and method of forming patterns using the composition |
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| CN102477206A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-05-30 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | Flame retardant and antistatic ABS/PVC alloy material, and preparation method thereof |
| CN102108181A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-29 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | Thermoplastic alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102503972A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-06-20 | 衢州建华东旭助剂有限公司 | Methyltin maleate and preparation method thereof |
| CN103265790A (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2013-08-28 | 苏州新区华士达工程塑胶有限公司 | ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) alloy plastic |
| CN104017323A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-09-03 | 浙江方明塑胶管道有限公司 | ABS/PVC blend alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN105462153A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | Flame-retardant ABS composition and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110305440A (en) | 2019-10-08 |
| WO2020253483A1 (en) | 2020-12-24 |
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